JPH0314944B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a fabric softener, and more specifically, a novel fabric softener that can impart good flexibility to both fibers treated with a fixing agent (fixing agent) and untreated fibers. Regarding. Prior Art Before knitting or weaving fibers, a softening process is performed to impart flexibility and give the fibers a supple and good texture. This softening process may be done mechanically, but usually the fibers are treated with a softener. Traditionally, animal and vegetable oils such as olive oil and cow oil, or emulsified versions of these oils, have been used as fabric softeners, but recently silicone softeners, alkyl ketene dimers, octadecyl ethylene urea, polyethylene emulsions, cationic fabric softeners, etc. have been used as fabric softeners. Various types of softeners are used, among which various surfactants are usually used. Surfactants for softening processing include anionic types (seeds, sulfated oils, higher alcohol sulfate ester types, sulfonate types, etc.), cationic types (quaternary ammonium salt types, amine salt types, etc.),
There are nonionic types (polyhydric alcohol type, polyethylene glycol type, etc.) and amphoteric type (betaine type, amino acid type, etc.). By the way, the surface of the fiber to be softened can be nonionic, anionic, or cationic depending on whether it has been dyed or treated with a fixing agent. The surface of undyed fibers or dyed fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent is usually anionic or nonionic. On the other hand, the surface of the fibers treated with a fixing agent may be affected by the fixing agents (fixing agents for direct dyes and reactive dyes) used in the post-dyeing treatment, such as cationic surfactants, dicyandiamide, polyethylene polyamine, etc. It is usually cationic because it is often a cationic substance such as a high molecular weight cationic resin. In this way, the surface properties of the fibers differ depending on whether or not they are treated with a fixing agent. Cationic softeners are effective for fibers with anionic or nonionic surfaces, but even if fibers with cationic surfaces are treated with cationic softeners, the softener will not work. Since it does not adhere well to the fibers, sufficient effects cannot be obtained. Therefore, cationic softeners are applied to undyed fibers or dyed fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent, and anionic or non-ionic softeners are applied to fibers that have been treated with a fixing agent. Countermeasures are being taken, such as applying a fabric softener. In this way, process control becomes complicated because it is necessary to use different softeners depending on whether or not the fixing agent is used. Moreover, due to incorrect use of softeners, it often happens that desired flexibility cannot be imparted to fibers. Problems to be Solved by the Invention Due to the above-mentioned current situation, it adheres well to fibers that have been treated with a fixing agent as well as to untreated fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent, and provides good flexibility. It is an object of the present invention to provide a softening agent that can Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive research and have developed an aqueous emulsion containing a specific cationic substance and castor oil or castor oil derivatives in a specific ratio. It was discovered that the composition has the effect of imparting excellent flexibility to fibers treated with fixing agents or untreated, and the present invention was completed based on this finding. That is, the gist of the present invention is as follows: (a) at least one cationic substance selected from the following (a), (b), and (c); (b) 1 to 2 moles of a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms; and 1 mole of at least one amine selected from diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, and diethanolamine, and a condensate (A) obtained by heating the reaction, and neutralizing the condensate (A) with an inorganic or organic acid. (b) A cationic substance obtained by adding at least one compound selected from epichlorohydrin, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, and methyl chloride to the condensate (A) (c) A cationic substance obtained by the following formula () or formula (): Quaternary ammonium salt represented (However, R ₁ and R ₅ are alkyl groups having 12 or more carbon atoms, R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ and R ₆ are benzyl groups or alkyl groups, and X is a monovalent anion and the residue of a quaternizing agent. , m and n are integers of 1 to 10.) and (b) emulsifying in water at least one castor oil or castor oil derivative selected from castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, ethylene oxide adducts of castor oil, and ethylene oxide adducts of hydrogenated castor oil. A composition comprising component (a) and component
The mixing ratio of (b) is 1 component (a) to 1 component (b) by weight.
A fabric softener, characterized in that 0.5 to 30. Hereinafter, the constituent elements of the present invention will be explained in detail. (Component) (Component (a)) Component (a) used in the present invention includes the above (a), (b) and
At least one compound selected from (c), all of which are cationic substances. The compounds (a) and (b) are modified condensates (A) obtained by heating a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms and a specific amine. The fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms, which is one of the raw materials for the condensate (A), may be a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid, and whether it is a straight chain fatty acid or a branched fatty acid. Furthermore, the fatty acids may be synthetic fatty acids or fatty acids obtained from natural oils and fats. Specific examples include lauric acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid,
Mention may be made of oleic acid, linoleic acid, beef tallow fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid, etc., and mixtures thereof. The amine, which is the other raw material, is one or more compounds selected from diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, and diethanolamine. The condensate (A) is a compound obtained by heating 1 to 2 moles of the above fatty acid and 1 mole of amine in a temperature range of 100 to 180°C to perform a dehydration condensation reaction. The compound (a) is a compound obtained by neutralizing the condensate (A) with an inorganic or organic acid, and is an amine salt type cationic substance. Examples of inorganic acids used to neutralize the condensate (A) include hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid, and examples of organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, glycolic acid, and lactic acid. The amount of the inorganic acid or organic acid is preferably 0.5 to 3 molar equivalents, particularly preferably 1 to 2 molar equivalents, based on the amine value equivalent of the condensate (A). If it is outside this range, the effect of imparting flexibility will be small, so it is not preferable. The compound (b) is a cationic substance obtained by adding epichlorohydrin, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate or methyl chloride to the condensate (A). All of the compounds (iii) are quaternary ammonium salts, and at least one of the groups bonded to the nitrogen atom is an alkyl group having 12 or more carbon atoms. Specific examples include distearyldimethylammonium chloride and distearyldipolyoxyethylene ammonium chloride (number of moles of oxyethylene added is 5 moles). (Component (b)) Component (b) used in the present invention is castor oil or a castor oil derivative, and in the case of an ethylene oxide adduct, the number of moles added is preferably up to about 20 moles. If the number of moles added exceeds 20 moles, the desired flexibility imparting effect cannot be obtained. (Mixing ratio of component (a) and component (b)) In the present invention, the mixing ratio of component (a) and component (b) is as follows:
The weight ratio of component (b) to 1 of component (a) is 0.5 to 30, preferably 1.5 to 10. If the ratio of component (b) is higher than this, the softener will not adhere sufficiently to the fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent, and if the ratio of component (b) is lower than this, the fibers that have been treated with a fixing agent will The fabric softener does not adhere well to the fabric. (Other optional components) In addition to the above-mentioned essential components, the fabric softener of the present invention may optionally include various components used as components of conventional softeners, such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyester, etc. Components such as nonionic surfactants such as oxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, solvents, antibacterial and fungicides, fragrances, higher alcohols, sodium sulfate and other inorganic compounds, and PH regulators can be used as appropriate. In addition, by blending animal and vegetable oils such as beef tallow and coconut oil, and hydrocarbon waxes such as paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, and polyethylene wax, fibers can be given smoothness and used as a so-called softening and smoothing agent. can. (Production method and usage method) The fabric softener of the present invention is produced by mixing the above essential components (a) and (b) with water and optional components as necessary.
It can be produced by heating and stirring to form an emulsion. The solid content concentration in the emulsion is usually
A range of 0.01 to 5.0% by weight is appropriate, but an emulsion with a high solid content concentration may be prepared in advance and diluted with water to adjust the solid content concentration to the above value before use. In order to treat fibers using the fabric softener of the present invention, the fibers may be immersed in the fabric softener produced as described above, squeezed and dried. The amount of softener attached to the fibers is such that the solid content of the softener is 0.1 to 5.0 g per 100 g of fiber.
If it is less than 0.1g, the flexibility imparting effect will be small;
g or more is unnecessary and uneconomical. The application time to the fibers may be after scouring, after dyeing, or after treatment with a fixing agent. (Scope of application) The fiber softener of the present invention can be applied to natural fibers such as cotton, wool, and silk, fibers recycled by the viscose method or copper ammonia method, and semi-synthetic fibers such as acetate fibers.
Cotton, yarn, knitted fabrics made of synthetic fibers such as nylon and acrylic, and various fibers made by mixing these fibers.
Applicable to textile products such as textiles. EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be specifically explained using examples and comparative examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples. In addition, in the following description, "part" shall represent a part by weight, and "%" shall represent weight %. Example 1 2 moles of stearic acid ester and 1 mole of diethylenetriamine were placed in a reaction flask and heated to 100-180°C.
The mixture was heated and stirred for 3.5 hours to obtain a condensate. Add 1 mol of acetic acid to 1 mol of this condensate, and
A neutralization reaction was carried out by heating and stirring for a minute to obtain a cationic substance. This cationic substance was then used as a component in the following formulation. (a) 3 parts of a cationic substance obtained by neutralizing a condensate of 2 moles of stearic acid and 1 mole of diethylenetriamine with 1 mole of acetic acid (b) 10 moles of hydrogenated castor oil ethylene oxide adduct
10 parts (c) Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type nonionic surfactant (number of moles of ethylene oxide added: 15 moles) 7 parts (d) Water 80 parts Total 100 parts Component (a), component (b), and components above (c) and ingredient (d)
were mixed, heated to 80°C with stirring, stirred at the same temperature for about 30 minutes, and then cooled to room temperature while stirring to obtain an emulsion with a solid content of 20%. The compositions of the following examples were also produced in the same manner. Example 2 1 mole of beef tallow fatty acid and 1 mole of diethanolamine were placed in a reaction flask and heated and stirred at 100 to 180°C for 3.5 hours to obtain a condensate. Add 2 moles of epichlorohydrin to 1 mole of this condensate, and add 1 mole of epichlorohydrin at 110°C.
The mixture was heated and stirred for hours to obtain a cationic substance. This cationic substance was then used as a component in the following formulation. (a) 3 parts of a cationic substance obtained by reacting a condensate of 1 mole of tallow fatty acid and 1 mole of diethanolamine with 2 moles of epichlorohydrin (b) 3 parts of hydrogenated castor oil (c) 10 moles of hydrogenated castor oil ethylene oxide adduct
3 parts (d) Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type nonionic surfactant (number of moles of ethylene oxide added: 15 moles) 1 part (e) Parafine wax (melting point 60°C) 10 parts (f) Water 80 parts Total 100 parts An emulsion with a solid content of 20% was obtained using the above formulation. Example 3 (a) Distearyldimethylammonium chloride
5 parts (b) Castor oil 2 parts (c) Hydrogenated castor oil 6 mole ethylene oxide adduct
3 parts (d) 10 mole adduct of hydrogenated castor oil ethylene oxide
3 parts (E) Parafine wax (melting point 45°C) 7 parts (F) Water 80 parts Total 100 parts An emulsion with a solid content of 20% was obtained using the above recipe. Comparative Example 1 (a) Sorbitan monostearate 5 parts (b) Sulfated beef tallow 3 parts (c) Pentaerythritol distearate 2 parts (d) Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type nonionic surfactant (added mole of ethylene oxide) 15 moles) 2 parts (e) Parafine wax (melting point 60°C) 8 parts (f) Water 80 parts Total 100 parts An emulsion with a solid content of 20% was obtained using the above recipe. Comparative Example 2 (a) Dimethylstearylammonium chloride
3 parts (b) Lanolin fatty acid diethanolamide 5 parts (c) Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether type nonionic surfactant (number of added moles of ethylene oxide: 15 moles) 2 parts (d) Parafine wax (melting point 45°C) 10 parts ( e) Formic acid 1 part (f) Water 79 parts Total 100 parts An emulsion with a solid content of 20% was obtained using the above recipe. Characteristics test 5g of emulsion with a solid content concentration of 20% obtained in each example
was diluted with water to a solid concentration of 0.1% to obtain a softener solution. Using this softener solution, dyed yarn of No. 40 cotton single yarn without fixing agent treatment and dyed yarn of No. 40 single yarn of cotton yarn treated with fixing agent at a bath ratio of 1:10 and 5% owf ( on weight for
After processing the cheese at 45°C for 15 minutes, it was dehydrated and dried, and its properties as a softener were evaluated. The cotton yarn was dyed using Mikasion Blue 3GS manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. at 5% owf using a cheese dyeing machine in a conventional manner. The fixing agent treatment is a quaternary ammonium salt type fixing agent manufactured by Nittobo Co., Ltd., Dan Fixtures.
The cheese treatment was carried out using 707 at 4% owf at a bath ratio of 1:10 at 60°C for 10 minutes. Table 1 shows the results for yarns not treated with a fixing agent, and Table 2 shows results for yarns treated with a fixing agent.

【table】

[Table] As is clear from Tables 1 and 2 above,
The fabric softener of the present invention has excellent flexibility not only for fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent (Table 1), but also for fibers that have been treated with a fixing agent (Table 2). can give. On the other hand, conventional softeners (Comparative Examples 1 and 2) either have a small flexibility imparting effect or impart good flexibility to fibers that have not been treated with a fixing agent, but they do not impart good flexibility to fibers that have been treated with a fixing agent. could provide only inferior flexibility. Effects of the Invention The fabric softener of the present invention exhibits stable adhesion not only to fibers not treated with a fixing agent but also to fibers treated with a fixing agent, and can impart good flexibility. . Therefore,
By using the softener of the present invention, there is no need to use different softeners for fibers treated with a fixing agent and fibers that are not treated with a fixing agent, thereby improving the efficiency of softening finishing and reducing trouble. is possible.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) At least one cationic substance selected from the following (a), (b) and (c), (a) 1 to 2 moles of a fatty acid having 12 or more carbon atoms; A compound obtained by neutralizing a condensate (A) obtained by heating reaction with 1 mole of at least one amine selected from diethylenetriamine, dipropylenetriamine, iminobispropylamine, and diethanolamine with an inorganic or organic acid ( b) A cationic substance obtained by adding at least one compound selected from epichlorohydrin, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate and methyl chloride to the condensate (A) (c) A cationic substance represented by the following formula () or formula (): Quaternary ammonium salt (However, R ₁ and R ₅ are alkyl groups having 12 or more carbon atoms, R ₂ , R ₃ , R ₄ and R ₆ are benzyl groups or alkyl groups, and X is a monovalent anion and the residue of a quaternizing agent. , m and n are integers of 1 to 10.) and (b) emulsifying in water at least one castor oil or castor oil derivative selected from castor oil, hydrogenated castor oil, ethylene oxide adducts of castor oil, and ethylene oxide adducts of hydrogenated castor oil. A composition comprising component (a) and component
The mixing ratio of (b) is 1 component (a) to 1 component (b) by weight.
A fabric softener characterized in that the is from 0.5 to 30.