JPH0316446B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to concrete blocks having a wave-dissipating function that are collectively used for shore replacement, seawalls, offshore structures, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, concrete blocks shown in FIG. 6 have been known as concrete blocks having a wave-dissipating function that are collectively used for quay walls, seawalls, breakwaters, etc. Basically, this consists of a front wall section 20 which consists of adjacent blocks forming the perforated front wall of the quay, a rear wall section 21 which also consists of adjacent blocks forming the rear wall of the quay, and both of these sections. A quay formed by such blocks is designed to absorb wave energy by utilizing holes 23 in its front wall. .

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In such conventional examples, the front of the formed quay wall, that is, the sea side, has a flat configuration, so the holes on the surface have an effective wave-dissipating effect against waves that are incident perpendicularly to the quay wall. However, there was a problem in that the wave-dissipating effect was not sufficient for waves that were incident diagonally on the quay. The present invention aims to solve such problems. Furthermore, the present invention does not only consider simply dissipating waves, but also aims to utilize the energy in some way.

[Means and actions for solving the problem]

According to the first invention of the present application, two side walls are provided on one side of the upright backboard on the inside from both sides of the backboard, and the wall extends across the backboard and both sides walls and is inclined toward the backboard. A wave-dissipating concrete block provided with a wave guide plate is provided. When a large number of such blocks are arranged vertically and horizontally,
A large number of chambers are formed on the quay wall, defined by waveguide plates on the top and bottom, side walls on the left and right, and back plates on the back. It also acts as a wave-dissipator.

According to the second invention, there is provided a wave-dissipating concrete block in which an obstacle to waves is provided in the middle of the wave guide plate in order to promote the wave-dissipating effect of the wave-dissipating concrete block of the first invention of the first invention. .

According to the third invention, the wave-dissipating effect is not completed in the chamber, but is guided to the outside within or from the hole by using holes provided in the side wall, waveguide plate, back plate, etc. A wave-dissipating concrete block that dissipates waves by utilizing wave energy is provided.

Basic Embodiment of the First Invention A basic embodiment of the wave-dissipating concrete block according to the first invention of the present application is shown in FIG. This wave-dissipating concrete block has two side walls 2 erected parallel to the surface of a wide vertical back plate 1 made of reinforced concrete, and faces diagonally downward across the back plate 1 and the two side walls 2. It has a structure in which the waveguide plate 3 is fixed.

As shown in Fig. 2, the wave-dissipating concrete blocks have such a structure.After the blocks of the same shape on the top, bottom, left and right are aligned, the reinforcing bars 4, 4 between the adjacent side walls are tied together and concrete is poured into this area. When installed, an integrated quay is formed.

The front part of such a quay is equipped with a waveguide plate 3 in the vertical direction and side plates 2, 2 in the left and right direction.
As a result, numerous chambers A defined by the back plate 1 are formed at the rear of the quay, so that waves incident perpendicularly to this quay as well as waves incident from an oblique direction are protected. This also produces an effective wave-dissipating effect.

Basic Embodiment of the Second Invention A basic embodiment of the wave-dissipating concrete block according to the second invention of the present application is shown in FIG.

In this invention, in the wave-dissipating concrete block of the first invention, a crosspiece 7 is further provided at the upper or lower part of the waveguide plate 3, so that waves entering along the waveguide plate 3 etc. are prevented by the resistance of the crosspiece 7. Energy is starting to dissipate. The crosspiece 7 can have a shape and structure to promote the effect of dissipating wave energy.

Basic Embodiment of the Third Invention A basic embodiment of the wave-dissipating concrete block according to the third invention of the present application is shown in FIG.

In this invention, by recovering the energy of the waves that have entered the chamber A, the waves can be dissipated as a result. That is, in this example, the back plate 1, the side walls 2, and the waveguide plate 3 cooperate to
The structure is such that the waves entering the waveguide are introduced into holes 8 provided in the upper part of one side wall and the upper part of the waveguide plate 3,
By stacking a large number of unit wave-dissipating concrete blocks, the waves that enter each room A are blown up upwards on the quay wall through these holes 8 that communicate with the quay in the vertical direction, so this energy is transferred to the holes 8. The falling energy can be used to rotate one or more known turbines placed inside the seawater, or the falling energy can be used in the process of returning seawater blown upwards to the sea by guiding means through a different route.

Modifications regarding the back plate When the wave-dissipating concrete block according to the present invention forms an off-shore structure, the surface of the back plate 1 on the opposite side from the chamber A is left as it is without concrete or coastal backsoil. Since it will be placed underwater, if an opening is provided in the back plate 1 itself, the room A
Waves that enter the shore will be dissipated, and waves that reach the shore from the opposite side will be dissipated.

Modifications regarding side walls The side walls 2 may be arranged side by side at an angle so as to diverge from each other from the back plate 1, as shown in the plan view of FIG. According to such a structure, it becomes easy for waves to enter the chamber A to dissipate waves or utilize energy.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, an appropriate number of partition walls 9 can be erected outside the side wall 2, facing toward the side wall 2 of the adjacent block. When pouring concrete between the side walls 2 of mating blocks, it becomes an effective permanent formwork together with the side walls 2.

When forming a partition wall on the front side of the side wall 2, the front side of the side wall 2 may be curved outward to form the partition wall. In this case, the side wall 2 itself forms the front partition wall.

Modifications regarding the waveguide plate The waveguide plate 3 can be appropriately provided with through holes 10 facing in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Such a through hole 10 promotes a wave-dissipating effect when a wave that has entered the chamber A passes through to the vertically adjacent chamber A.

The tip side of the waveguide plate 3 can extend further forward than both side walls, as shown in FIG. Such a structure guides the waves perpendicular to the quay more smoothly into the chamber A, and together with the front partition wall 5 of the side wall 2, reinforces the entire wave-dissipating concrete block.

The pressure of the wave guide plate 3 does not necessarily have to be constant, and may be thinner on the front side where waves enter and gradually thicken toward the back plate 1 direction. Such a shape is effective in smoothly guiding the waves entering the chamber A to the wave pressure chamber formed laterally of the wave-dissipating concrete block.

Two upper and lower waveguide plates 3, 3 can be arranged on one wave-dissipating concrete block. In this case, the outer surfaces of the upper and lower wave guide plates 3, 3 are flush with the upper and lower surfaces of the back plate 1, and the inner surfaces of each wave guide plate 3, 3 are made thicker toward the back plate. This is expected to have significant effects.

Modifications common to the back plate, side walls, and waveguide plates In order to emphasize wave dissipation within the room A, ribs or the like may be provided on the surfaces of these members on the side facing the room A. Such ribs and the like not only serve to dissipate waves but also to reinforce these members.

These members can be provided with an uneven shape on their mutually contacting end surfaces so as to prevent mutual displacement when unit wave-dissipating concrete blocks are piled up.

A plurality of combinations of two side walls and a waveguide plate between them can be arranged for one back plate. In this case, the space formed between adjacent side walls on one back plate can be used for concrete pouring, making it possible to construct a stronger quay wall or the like.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As detailed above, according to the present invention, effective wave dissipation is performed not only for waves that advance perpendicularly to the quay, but also for waves that approach at an angle, or that the energy of waves is utilized. A wave-dissipating concrete block is provided that dissipates waves in a desired manner.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wave-dissipating concrete block according to the first invention of the present application, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a large number of blocks shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the wave-dissipating concrete block according to the third invention of the present application; FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a modified example of the waveguide plate; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a conventional wave-dissipating concrete block. In the figure, 1 is a back plate, 2 is a side wall, 3 is a waveguide plate, 4 is a reinforcing bar, 5 is a closing plate, 6 is an opening, 7 is a bar, 8 is a hole,
9 is a partition wall, and 10 is a through hole.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Two side walls are provided on one side of a vertically erected back board, located inside from both sides of the back board, and a back board is provided between the back board and the two side walls. A wave-dissipating concrete block with a waveguide plate whose surface slopes in the direction. 2 Two side walls are provided on one side of a vertically erected backboard, located inside from both sides of the backboard, and the surface slopes toward the backboard across these backboards and between the two side walls. This is a wave-dissipating concrete block that is equipped with a wave guide plate that protects the waves that enter the area, and a wave-dissipating crosspiece that protects against waves that enter this area in an area surrounded by the wave guide plate and two side walls. 3 Two side walls are provided on one side of a vertically erected backboard, located inward from both sides of the backboard, and the surface extends toward the backboard across these backboards and between the two side walls. A wave-dissipating concrete block with an inclined waveguide plate and openings in the upper part of the back plate side of one side wall, the upper part of the back plate side of the wave guide plate, or the upper part of the back plate side of one side wall and the upper part of the back plate side of the wave guide plate. .