JPH03165B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for automatically replacing a chuck pawl attached to the tip of a main spindle of a machine tool, particularly a lathe.

Prior Art When machining various workpieces with one lathe, the shape of the jaws must be changed depending on the shape and diameter of the workpieces. To this end, various nail changing methods have been known in the past, but all of them have a magazine dedicated to nails and a nail changing device dedicated to nails. Therefore, the mechanism and control become complicated, and the machine as a whole becomes large and expensive.

Purpose The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple method for changing the pawl between the mechanism and the control by using a normal tool changing device without using a magazine dedicated to the pawl or a changing device dedicated to the pawl.

Means for solving the problem: A pawl holder that has a shank part that is the same as the tool shank part in the tool exchange magazine and holds a set of chuck replacement pawls in a line so that they can be replaced one after another without having to index them. Store an appropriate number of items. Then, the pawl holder is temporarily transferred to the tool post using a normal tool changer, and then the tool post is moved by a numerical control device, and the chuck is indexed to the pawl replacement position by spindle indexing, and the chuck pawl is replaced. It is something that makes you

Embodiment A chuck 2 with replaceable claws is fixed to the tip of a main shaft 1 which can be rotated and angularly indexed. This chuck 2 has a plug 3 for forming a loose jaw in the center, and an operating rod 4 for inserting and removing the plug 3 is inserted into a through hole in the main shaft 1 and is connected to a drive source (not shown) at the rear of the main shaft. connected. A sleeve 5 covering the actuating rod 4 is inserted into the through hole of the main shaft 1, and its front end is connected to a known pawl actuating mechanism in the chuck 2. The rear end of the sleeve 5 is connected to a drive source (not shown) for actuating the pawl at the rear of the main shaft. A cylinder piston device 6 is attached to the side of the chuck 2 in front of the headstock via a bracket. Inside the chuck 2, claws 7 are attached at three locations so as to be slidable in the radial direction, and the back surface of the claws 7 is engraved with a rack. A rack body 8 having an inclined rack that engages with the rack of the claw 7 is provided so as to be slidable in a plane perpendicular to the main axis. An inclined cam surface 9 is cut into the rack body 8, and the tip of the piston rod 10 of the cylinder piston device 6 presses the pin portion that is in contact with this inclined cam surface 9 to slide the rack body 8. This allows the rack to be disengaged. On the upper surface of the carriage 12, which has a triangular cross section and moves on the bed 11 of the lathe in parallel to the main axis, there is a cross feed table 13 movable in a direction perpendicular to the main axis.
is placed. A turret tool rest 14 is mounted on the cross-travel table 13 so as to be rotatable and indexable, and the tool mounting surface is provided with a hole into which a tool shank is inserted. Bed 11 on the tailstock side of the lathe
A chain-type tool magazine 15 that rotates in a vertical plane is disposed at the end and stores various tools. A rail 16 connecting both the tool magazine 15 and the turret tool post 14 is installed on the upper part of the lathe body, and a carrier 17 is mounted so as to be able to travel on this rail 16. A ready station 18 for holding tools is fixed to the carrier 17 and transports the tools. Further, a sub-arm device 19 for transferring tools between the tool magazine 15 and the ready station 18 is attached to the bed 11 by a bracket 20. This sub-arm device 19 is provided with a gripper 21 for gripping a tool so as to be movable in the direction of the main axes and in the direction perpendicular to the main axes. Furthermore, an exchange arm device 22 for transferring tools between the ready station 18 and the turret tool rest 14 is provided at a position between the tool magazine 15 and the turret tool rest 14. This exchange arm device 22 has grippers for gripping tools at both ends, and is configured to be able to move along the axis of the main axis and rotate 180 degrees. In the tool magazine 15, in addition to ordinary cutting tools, a suitable number of pawl holders 23 holding chuck pawls are housed. A set of three replacement pawls 7 are attached to one pawl holder 23 so as not to be displaced by balls 25 pressed by springs 24, and are removably inserted.

Operation To replace the pawl of the chuck 2, first move the empty pawl holder 23' that does not hold any pawls, which is housed in the tool magazine 15, through the sub-arm device 19, the ready station 18, and the exchange arm device 22. Transfer to the turret turret 14. Then, the turret tool post 14 is rotated to index the empty pawl holder 23' to the chuck 2 side. Next, the pawl holder 23 holding the pawl to be replaced is selected from the tool magazine 15 and transferred to the turret tool rest 14 via the sub-arm device 19, ready station 18, and exchange arm device 22 again. Further, the main shaft 1 is rotated to index and position the pawl position of the chuck 2 to a predetermined pawl exchange angle position. After moving the turret tool rest and inserting the pawl in the chuck 2 into the empty pawl holder 23', the cylinder piston device 6 is operated to easily engage the pawl 7 in the chuck 2 so that it can be removed from the chuck 2. Release. Then, when the turret tool rest 14 is moved in a direction perpendicular to the main axis, the pawl moves to the ball 25 pushed by the spring 24 in the pawl holder 23'.
It is held by the chuck 2 and comes out of the chuck 2. In this way, the first claw 7 in the chuck 2 is transferred to the empty claw holder 23'. Then sequentially 120 to spindle 1
The second and third pawls are also accommodated in the pawl holder 23' by indexing the angle one by one. Next, by rotating and indexing the turret tool rest 14, the pawl holder 23 holding the new pawl is indexed and positioned toward the chuck 2 side, and the new pawl housed in the pawl holder 23 is transferred to the chuck 2 in the opposite manner to the above. When the installation of the new pawl to the chuck 2 is completed, the two pawl holders 23 and 23' of the turret tool rest 14 are moved to the tool magazine 15.
The tool for cutting the new claw is transferred from the tool magazine 15 to the turret tool post 14.
After sliding the actuating rod 4 to move the plug 3 forward, the sleeve 5 is slid to clamp the plug 3 with a new claw, and the turret tool rest 14
A new pawl attached to chuck 2 is formed using a nail cutting tool attached to chuck 2. FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the claw holder, in which the claws are arranged and held in the axial direction.

Effects As detailed above, in this invention, the pawl holder is housed in a normal tool magazine, the pawl holder is transferred to the tool rest using a tool changer, and the pawl is replaced using the movement of the tool rest. I made it possible to
There is no need for a dedicated magazine for claws or a replacement device for claws,
A conventional tool changer can be used as is, and the claws can be managed within the tool changer. Furthermore, it becomes possible to create a system that also includes molding of raw nails.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the entire structure of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a perspective view of Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the chuck and the turret when changing the claw, and Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the chuck and the turret when changing the claw. 3
FIG. 5 is a partially sectional view showing a part of the inside of the chuck, and FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the claw holder. 1...Main shaft, 2...Chuck, 7...Claw, 14
... Turret tool post, 15 ... Tool magazine, 1
7...Carrier, 18...Lady Station,
19... Sub-arm device, 22... Exchange arm device, 23... Claw holder.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Attach a removable chuck to the tip of the angle-indexable spindle to grip the workpiece, select various cutting tools stored in the tool magazine, attach them to the turret tool post, and attach various cutting tools to the workpiece. In a numerically controlled lathe with a tool changer that performs machining, an appropriate number of chuck holders are housed in the tool magazine along with the tools so that a set of chuck jaws can be replaced one after another without indexing. Using an exchange device, move any pawl holder to the turret tool post, index the pawl of the spindle chuck to a fixed angle position, and move the turret tool post by numerical control to sequentially change the chuck pawl and the pawl of the pawl holder. A chuck claw replacement method characterized by automatic replacement.