JPH03176701A - N to one backup controller - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain backup operation only by one arithmetic and control unit (ACU) and to improve the reliability and economic efficiency of the backup controller by detecting the occurence of abnormality in one ACU out of plural ones by an abnormality detector and outputting the executed result of operation. CONSTITUTION:When abnormality occurs in one of the ACUs 11a, 12a or the like, the abnormality is detected by the abnormality detector 13g and the other normal ACU executes operation and outputs the executed result instead of the abnormal ACU. Since the other normal ACU backs up the abnormal ACU, it is unnecessary to switch respective inputs/outputs by a switch like the case of an one-loop controller without doubling respective CPUs.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a digital control device used for process control, and relates to an N-to-1 system in which a plurality of arithmetic and control devices are backed up by one arithmetic and control device. Regarding the backup controller.

(Prior Art) Modern digital control devices have become central to advanced control devices as an alternative to conventional analog control devices or relay sequences in terms of control, and CR
CRT operations such as starting and stopping plant auxiliary equipment and manually operating closed-loop control are performed directly from the T screen, reducing the number of instruments attached to conventional control panels and making them boardless. is progressing. That is, since the conventional panel and panel size are eliminated and operations are performed from a CRT screen using a digital control device, high reliability of the arithmetic and control device in the digital control device is required.

Failure of the digital control device poses problems such as the plant becoming unable to operate and having to be shut down.

An example of the configuration of the simplest digital control device is shown in FIG.
is an input/output control device (hereinafter abbreviated as I10 controller), and 53 is a system bus that connects the CPU 51 and the I10 controller 52. 54 is an I10 processing unit for outputting data sent from the system bus to the outside and transmitting and receiving data input from the outside to the CPU 51. 55 is the I10 bus. I10 substrate and I10 processing unit 5 that interface with external processes
This is a bus that sends and receives data to and from 4. Here I10
Boards 56a, 56b, 56c, and 56d each have analog inputs.

These are digital input, analog output, and digital output boards, each of which interfaces approximately 16 to 32 input/output points with a process on a single board.

In this case, the number of human output points is increased by adding input/output crab units and boards. In such a system t1, especially CP
Since failure of a U causes a serious impact, the CPU is duplicated to increase reliability. 1 configuration with dual CPUs
It is shown in Figure 56.

Here, two identical CPUs are provided, and the same program is operated by the CPU 31a and the CPU 31b.

The results are sent to the work/○ processing units 54a and 54b through system buses 53a and 53b, respectively. ■／○
In the processing units 54a and 54b, CPU 31a and CP
If both U31b are Jl: normal, one of the determined I10 processing units performs I10 processing with an external process via the I10 bus 55. However, for example C
When PU51a becomes abnormal, I10 processing section 57a opens.

57b side is closed, and the result calculated by 51b is passed through the processing section 54b and the I10 bus 55 to the boards 56c and 5.
Sent to 6d. Conversely, regarding input, the input board 56
a.

The data input from 56b is transferred to the engineering/○ bus 55. The CPU 5 via the input processing unit 54b and the system bus 53b.
Sent to 1b.

A system with a dual CPU configuration as shown in FIG. 6 is often installed in a power plant or the like with several or more units because the functions of the digital control devices are distributed. Duplicating the CPUs of each digital control device in this way is economically disadvantageous and also takes up a large amount of space, which is not a desirable system configuration.

Next, the configuration of an N-to-1 backup controller, which is a one-loop controller with several work/○ points, will be described in FIG. That is, the one-loop controllers 71 and 72 of the N units of the unified system are backed up by one normal one-loop controller 73 for both the arithmetic control section and the I10 section. In this case, each one-loop controller 71, 72, and 73 are hardware with the same number of work/○ points, and 74 is an abnormality detection device, which detects an abnormality in each one-loop controller and detects the abnormality in the one-loop controller. This is a device that issues a switching command 74a to the one-loop controller that backs up the controller. The programs of all the one-loop controllers are stored in the one-loop controller database station 75, and the one-loop controller program that has become abnormal is transferred to the one-loop controller 73 by the downline command 74b from the abnormality detection device 74.
Download to. 76 is a network. 77 and 78 are switchers. Switchers 77 and 78 switch external I10 signal 79 using relays. That is, for example, when the one-loop controller 71 is normal, the switch 80c is connected to 80a and input is input to the one-loop controller 71, but when the one-loop controller 71 is abnormal, 80c is connected to 80b and performs the input/output of the one-loop controller 73 for backup. Become.

As described above, the input/output signals of the one-loop controller are switched using a one-point relay contact or the like. Although this is possible with a one-loop controller that has only a few input points, it is possible to implement a large-scale digital control device as shown in FIG. An N-to-1 backup controller using a switching device would be extremely complicated and unreliable, so it could not be applied.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an N:1 backup controller capable of backing up the CPU on a N:1 basis even in a large digital control device having more than 1000 input/output points.

[Structure of the invention]

(Example) FIG. 1 shows an example of the present invention. lla and 12a are arithmetic and control units, and it is assumed that there are a plurality of arithmetic and control units. 13a is also an arithmetic and control device, and serves as a backup for the plurality of arithmetic and control devices 11a and 12a in the event of an abnormality. Reference numerals 14 and 15 indicate a plurality of input/output control devices.

Generally, the input/output control device [1
4 corresponds to the input/output control device 12a, and the input/output control device 15 corresponds to the calculation control device [12a. This input/output control device can accommodate up to about 1000 points by adding input/output boards. 16 is a man-machine controller equipped with a CRT 17 and the like. 18 is a plurality of arithmetic and control devices 11
This is a database station that stores programs 1a and 12a and tracking data llf and 12f necessary for backup.

19 is an optical bus network, and is an arithmetic and control unit 111a.
.

12a, 13a, the man-machine controller 16, and the database station 18.

20 is a plurality of arithmetic and control devices 11a, 12a, 13
This is an optical bus network between a and multiple input/output control devices [14, 15].

Each arithmetic and control device 11a, 12a, 13a is arithmetic and control device [11b, lie, 12b,
12c, 13b, and 13c, and the transmission control device has data areas lid, lie, 12d, and 12 for storing data in a fixed format, respectively.
It has e, 13d, and 13e.

Similarly, the input/output control device 14.15 is the transmission control device 14b.
.

15b and data areas 14e and 15e.

Man-machine controller 16. The database station 18 similarly has transmission control devices 16b, 18b and data areas 16e, 18e.

13 has a database station 18 which is a storage device.
This is a device that directly receives programs from the computer via the transmission device 13b and stores them. The data is transmitted via the data area 13d, but the logic program is transmitted to the storage device 13K.

Next, there are normal arithmetic and control units 11a and 12a, respectively.

! 3a and the input/output control devices [14, 15].

FIG. 2 shows the data transmission timing of each control device. The first pulse signal is the timing at which the transmission control device lie of the digital control device ELL outputs the data to the data transmission network 20. This is the timing to output.

Similarly, for ■, the transmission control device 12e, for (King), the transmission control table Hisb, for ■, the transmission control device 13
c is the timing at which data is transmitted to the data transmission network 20, respectively. This order can be arbitrarily determined. Also, each order is a unit of several microsecs, so it is very fast.

This is an acceptable value for the input/output time required for normal control.

Next, data areas lle, 12e, 13e are shown in Figure 3.
, 14e.

15e format is shown. That is, the data output in the order shown in FIG. 2 is stored in the data areas lie, 12e, 13e, 14e, and 15e in exactly the same format as in FIG. 3. That is, 31 is a value calculated by the control device 11a and transmitted from the transmission device 11c to the data transmission network 20.

Next, reference numeral 32 transmits data input from the outside by the input/output control device 14 from the transmission device 14b to the data transmission network 20.
This is the data sent to. In this way, each arithmetic and control device 11a,
12a, 13a and an input/output control device [14, 15 are data areas 12e and 14, 15 are data areas for storing common data.

It has 13e, 14e, and 15e. When the arithmetic and control device 11a wants to perform a calculation using the input data of the input/output control device 14, the arithmetic and control device 1.1a should take in the contents of the data 32 shown in FIG. I can do it. Input/output control bag on the contrary! i
14 outputs the calculation results of the arithmetic and control unit 11a to the process, the contents of the data 31 in the data area 14e can be brought to the I10 processing unit 14a and output to the process from each output board. The same applies to other arithmetic control devices and input/output control devices. In FIG. 3, 33 is data outputted from the arithmetic control bag W112a through the transmission control device 12c, and 34 is data similarly outputted from the input/output control device 15. 3
5 is a backup controller. Arithmetic control bag 5i
This is data output from 13a. When all of the plurality of arithmetic and control devices are normal, the arithmetic and control devices perform calculations and output according to arbitrary programs.

Next, details of the N-to-1 backup operation will be described.

The normal operation is as described above, but the arithmetic control bag [13a, which is a backup controller], stores the self-diagnosis results of a plurality of arithmetic and control devices in the abnormality detector 13g, 1
I am constantly inputting signals such as 2g. Arithmetic control bag [11
When an abnormality occurs in a, 12a, etc., the abnormality detector 13
g, performs calculations in place of the abnormal calculation and control unit, and outputs the results.

The procedure is as follows. As an example, the arithmetic control unit 11
．． Consider the case where a is abnormal.

O) Determine the abnormal arithmetic and control device.

(13h) requesting the database station 18 to downline load the program of the arithmetic and control unit which has become a different lit and the 1~ racking data.

(3) The program and tracking data are sent from the database station 18 to the arithmetic control unit 13a, which is a backup controller, to the storage device 13K via the transmission control device 13b. An abnormality in the device 11a is determined from the data of the arithmetic and control device 13a, and switching is made to receive the data output from the arithmetic and control device 13a.

That is, data 35 is now imported instead of the data 31 shown in FIG. 3.

FIG. 4 shows the details of the data transmitted by each control device shown in FIG. In the contact information, one point corresponds to one bit. 41 is a digital data area, and 42 is an analog data area. Reference numeral 43 denotes an abnormality information area, in which a bit corresponding to an abnormality is turned on by each control device, so that it can be determined by another control device.

In this way, by backing up the arithmetic control unit that has become abnormal with another arithmetic and control unit, it is not necessary to duplicate each CPU and to switch each input/output signal using a switch like a one-loop controller. Therefore, it is possible to provide an N-to-1 backup controller that is highly reliable and economical.

〔Effect of the invention〕

For multiple digital control devices where one arithmetic control device processes over 1000 input/output points,
This makes it possible to back up the system with a single arithmetic and control unit, and has the effect that a highly reliable and highly economical digital control system can be achieved at a relatively low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram of an N-to-1 backup controller which is an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a diagram showing the transmission timing of each control device to the data transmission network, and Fig. 3 is a diagram showing the data area of each control device. The configuration diagram, Figure 4 is a detailed diagram of transmitted data, Figure 5 is a VT diagram of the digital control device, and Figure 6 is a detailed diagram of transmitted data.
The figure is a configuration diagram of a digital control device with dual CPUs, and FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of an N-to-1 backup controller of a one-loop controller. 11a, 12a, 13a-arithmetic control device 11b,
12b, 13b...transmission control device 11c, 12c
, 13cm transmission control device 11d, 12d, +3
d...Data area lie, 12e, 13e-Data area 11f, 12f...Tracking data 11g, 12g...Abnormal signal 14b, 15b...Transmission control device 16b, 18b...Transmission control device +6e, 18e...Data area] 8...Database station 19...Optical bus network 20...Optical bus network 14a, 15a...I10 processing section 13g...Anomaly detector 13h...Downwriting data request 13
i...Downline loading 13K...Storage device 31...Transmission data 32 of the arithmetic and control unit 11a...Transmission data 33 of the input/output control device 12...Arithmetic and control unit+
Transmission data 34 of 2a...Transmission data 35 of input/output control device 15 Transmission data 41 of arithmetic control device 1.3a
... Digital data area 42, Analog data area 43, Abnormality information area 51, Arithmetic control device 52, Input/output control device 5
3...System bus 54...I10 processing unit 55...
...I10 bus 56a...Analog input board 5
6b... Digital input board 56c... Analog output board 56d... Digital output board 51a... Arithmetic control device (A) 51b... Arithmetic control device (B) 53a... System bus (A) 53b... ...System bus (B) 54a-I/O processing unit (A,) 54b...■/○ processing unit (B) 55...I10 bus 56a...Analog input board 56b...Digital input board 56c...Analog output board 56d...Digital output board 71...One loop controller 71a...Work/○ control section 72...One loop controller 72a...Work/○ control section 73...One loop controller 73a ... I10 control unit 74 ... Abnormality detection device 74
a... Switching signal 74b... Downline command 75... One-loop controller database station 76... Network 77... Switching device 78...
・Switcher 79...I1010g0a...
Switching relay contact 80b...Switching relay contact 80c.
・Switching relay contact

Claims (1)

[Claims] An arithmetic control device that inputs signals from the process and performs calculations, an input/output control device that outputs the results to the process, and an input/output control device that transmits data between the above arithmetic control device and the input/output control device and stores the transmitted data. a database station that stores programs of the plurality of arithmetic and control devices and stores tracking data necessary for backing up each arithmetic cycle;
A plurality of arithmetic and control units each have a self-diagnosis function that outputs an abnormality signal when the arithmetic and control unit has an abnormality, and a program for the arithmetic and control unit in which the abnormality signal is input is input from a database station to the arithmetic and control unit in the abnormality. An N-to-1 backup capable of backing up the arithmetic and control unit that has become abnormal by providing one backup controller for backup in place of the unit and communicating input/output signals via the data transmission control unit. controller.