JPH03182762A - Photosensitive body and image forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deterioration in a photosensitive layer by harmful materials by supplying a specific aniline deriv. onto the surface of the photosensitive body. CONSTITUTION:The aniline deriv. expressed by formula I is supplied onto the surface of the photosensitive body used for the image forming device. In the formula I, R1, R2 denote an alkyl group or aralkyl group which may have a substituent; R3 denotes hydrogen, alkyl group, alkoxy group, hydroxyl group, aryl group, halogen atom or aralkyl group; n denotes 1 to 4 integer. The deterioration in the photosensitive layer is suppressed by the aniline deriv. supplied to the surface of the photosensitive body even if the harmful materials, such as ozone and nitrogen oxide, are generated at the time of electrostatic charge. The good images free from image defects, such as unequal density and image blur, are stably obtd.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a photoreceptor used in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic process such as a copying machine or a printer, and an image forming apparatus using this photoreceptor. It is something.

[Prior Art and its Problems] Various photoreceptors have been used in image forming apparatuses such as copying machines and printers that form images using an electrophotographic process.

Here, in such photoreceptors, inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, cadmium sulfide, and zinc oxide have generally been used as materials constituting the photosensitive layer.

Here, these inorganic photoconductive materials have numerous advantages,
For example, although it has advantages such as less charge dissipation in the dark and the ability to quickly dissipate charge by irradiation with light, it has various drawbacks as described below.

For example, selenium-based photoreceptors have difficult manufacturing conditions, are expensive to manufacture, and are susceptible to heat and mechanical shock, so they must be handled with care; zinc oxide-based photoreceptors and cadmium sulfide-based photoreceptors However, the problem is that stable sensitivity cannot be obtained in a humid environment, and that the dye added as a sensitizer is
It has the disadvantage that stable characteristics cannot be obtained over a long period of time because charging deterioration due to corona charging and photobleaching due to exposure occur.

On the other hand, the use of various organic photoconductive polymers including polyvinylcarbazole as the photoconductive material used to form the photosensitive layer has also been considered.

Although these organic photoconductive polymers are superior to the above-mentioned inorganic photoconductive materials in terms of film formability and light weight, they still do not have sufficient sensitivity and have poor durability and It was also inferior to inorganic photoconductive materials in terms of stability against environmental changes.

In recent years, various research and developments have been carried out to solve problems with photoreceptors using such organic photoconductive materials, and the photoconductive function of the photosensitive layer has been improved by combining charge generation function and charge transport. Laminated or dispersed functionally separated photoreceptors have been developed in which functions are separated and each function is assigned to a separate substance.

These functionally separated photoreceptors have a wide range of materials to choose from, and combine the best materials in terms of electrophotographic properties such as charging characteristics, sensitivity, residual potential, repeatability, and printing durability to create a high-performance photoreceptor. Since it can be produced by coating, it has extremely high productivity and low manufacturing costs, and the sensitive wavelength range can be freely controlled by appropriately selecting the charge-generating material. It has become widely used by the general public.

On the other hand, when forming an image using a photoreceptor made of an inorganic or organic photoconductive material as described above, the photoreceptor is charged with a charger, and the photoreceptor is charged in this way. The photoreceptor is subjected to imagewise exposure using a suitable exposure means to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor, which is then developed with a developer to make it visible.

Here, when the photoreceptor is charged with a charger as described above, harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides are generated due to discharge by the charger, and especially when the photoreceptor is negatively charged with the charger described above. , the amount of these harmful substances generated increases, and the generated harmful substances are adsorbed on the surface of the photoreceptor, and these harmful substances deteriorate the characteristics of the photosensitive layer on the surface of the photoreceptor, resulting in long-term use. In this case, problems such as shading or blurring of the formed image occurred.

In the functionally separated photoreceptor as described above,
Generally, many are used for negative charging, and in particular, a functionally separated type laminate in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer containing a charge transport material in a resin are sequentially laminated on a conductive support. Photoreceptors are subject to severe deterioration due to the above-mentioned harmful substances, and when used repeatedly, the surface potential decreases and image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring as described above have become a major problem.

Furthermore, in recent years, progress has been made in miniaturizing image forming apparatuses by integrating small-diameter photoreceptors such as those described above, developing devices, cleaning units, and the like.

However, when the image forming apparatus is miniaturized in this way, the concentration of harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides generated when the photoreceptor is charged increases in the apparatus. A problem has arisen in that image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring become more severe.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in a photoreceptor used in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic process such as a copying machine or a printer, and in an image forming apparatus using this photoreceptor. The goal is to solve the following problems.

That is, in the present invention, in the image forming apparatus as described above, the characteristics of the photosensitive layer formed on the surface of the photoreceptor are deteriorated by harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides generated when the photoreceptor is charged. In particular, we aim to suppress the negative effects described above, so that even when this image forming apparatus is used for a long period of time, high-quality images without image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring can be stably obtained. To stably obtain high-quality images without image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring even when using a charged type functionally separated photoreceptor or downsizing an image forming device. This is the issue.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic process such as a copying machine or a printer, and a photoreceptor used in the image forming apparatus. An aniline derivative represented by the following general formula [1] was supplied to the surface of the wafer.

[In the formula, R1 and R2 represent an alkyl group or an aralkyl group that may have a substituent, and R8 is hydrogen.

Alkyl group, alkoxy group, hydroxyl group.

n represents an aryl group, a halogen atom, or an aralkyl group;
represents an integer from 1 to 4, where, in supplying the above aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor as described above, a resin layer containing the above aniline derivative is added to the surface of the photoreceptor. or impregnating the surface of the photoreceptor with the above-mentioned aniline derivative, and furthermore, providing a supply means for supplying the above-mentioned aniline derivative onto the surface of the photoreceptor in the above-mentioned image forming apparatus. It is also possible to supply the above-mentioned aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor as appropriate.

In addition, as the aniline derivative represented by the above general formula [I], specifically, the chemical formulas [11] to [I
44] can be used, but is not particularly limited to these.

[■] [I2] [I3 Ko [14 Ko [I5 Ko [I6]] [7] [I9 Ko [■] 1] [ia] [■ lo] [■ 12] [■ 13] [■ +s] [■ 17] [ ■ 14 pieces [ ■ 16] [ ■ 18 pieces [ 119 pieces [ I2□] [ I23 pieces [ I20 pieces [I2□]] [ 124 pieces [ I25] [ I27 pieces [ I29] [ I26 pieces [ I28 pieces [ I30 [■, 1] [ ■3. ] [ I35 Co [ I32 Co [ ■, 4] [ ■, 6] [ ■37] [ ■38] On the other hand, as a photoreceptor for supplying the above-mentioned aniline derivative, either inorganic or organic photoconductive material can be used. The photosensitive layer may be formed using a transparent material, but in particular,
As mentioned above, this is effective for functionally separated photoreceptors that are generally used with negative charging.

Further, from the viewpoint of downsizing the device itself, it is preferable to use a photoreceptor with a diameter of 60 mm or less, and as described above, the present invention is suitable for image forming devices using such a small-diameter photoreceptor. It is valid.

Such functionally separated type photoreceptors generally include a single-layer type photoreceptor in which a photosensitive layer is formed by dispersing a charge generating material and a charge ff transporting material in a binder resin on a conductive support; There are laminated photoreceptors, etc., in which a charge generation layer containing a charge generation material and a charge transport layer containing a charge transport material are laminated in order on a conductive support, and any of them may be used. .

Here, the above-mentioned conductive support may be a foil or plate made of metal or alloy such as copper, aluminum, silver, iron, or nickel in the form of a sheet or drum, or a plastic film or the like made of these metals and vacuum Those attached by vapor deposition, electroless plating, etc., or those formed by coating or vapor deposition on a support such as paper or plastic film with a layer of a conductive compound such as a conductive polymer, indium oxide, or tin oxide. can be used.

In addition, when producing the above-mentioned single-layer type photoreceptor, fine particles of the charge-generating material are dispersed in a resin solution or a solution in which a charge-transporting material and a resin are dissolved, and then the fine particles of the charge-generating material are dispersed in the above-mentioned conductive material. Apply it on a support, dry it,
A photosensitive layer is formed on a conductive support.

At this time, the thickness of the photosensitive layer is 3 to 30 μm, preferably 5 to 30 μm.
The thickness should be 20 μm. Furthermore, if the amount of the charge-generating material used is too small, the sensitivity will be poor, and if it is too large, the charging property will be poor and the mechanical strength of the photosensitive layer will be weakened. The amount should be in the range of 0.01 to 2 parts by weight, preferably 0.2 to 1.2 parts by weight per 1 part by weight.

On the other hand, in producing the above-mentioned laminated type photoreceptor, the charge-generating material is vacuum-deposited on the above-mentioned conductive support, dissolved in a solvent such as amine and applied, or coated with a suitable solvent. Alternatively, if necessary, a charge-generating material is dispersed in a solution in which a binder resin is dissolved, and this dispersion is applied onto the conductive support and dried to form a charge-generating layer. A solution containing a charge transport material and a binder resin is applied onto the generation layer and dried to form a charge transport layer on the charge generation layer.

In this case, the thickness of the charge generation layer is set to 4 μm or less, preferably 2 μm or less, and the thickness of the charge transport layer is set to 3 to 50 μm, preferably 5 to 30 μm.

The ratio of the charge transport material f3 in the charge transport layer is 0.2 to 2 parts by weight, preferably O13 to 1 part by weight, based on 1 part by weight of the binder resin.

The amount should be 3 parts by weight.

A bisazo pigment is used as a charge generating material for producing each photoreceptor as described above.

Triarylmethane dyes, thiazine dyes.

Oxazine dyes, xanthine dyes, cyanine dyes, styryl dyes, biryllium dyes, azo pigments, quinacridone pigments, indigo pigments, perylene pigments,
Organic substances such as polycyclic quinone pigments, bisbenzimidazole pigments, induthrone pigments, squalium salt pigments, azulene pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, selenium,
Inorganic substances such as selenium alloys such as selenium/tellurium and selenium/arsenic, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, zinc oxide, and amorphous silicon can be used, and even other substances can absorb light and become extremely Any material may be used as long as it generates charge carriers with a high probability.

In addition, charge transport materials used in each of the above photoreceptors include hydrazone compounds, pyrazoline compounds, styryl compounds, triphenylmethane compounds, oxadiazole compounds, carbazole compounds, stilbene compounds, enamine compounds, oxazole compounds, and triphenylamine. A variety of compounds can be used, such as a compound, a tetraphenylbenzidine compound, an azine compound, etc.

Among such charge transport materials, for example, butadiene compounds represented by the following general formula [■], general formula [
Distyryl compound represented by I[1], general formula [IV]
Pyrazoline compounds represented by the above have high charge mobility and low ionization potential, so they have good charge injection efficiency from the charge generation layer to the charge transport layer and exhibit high sensitivity. It is particularly effective for photoreceptors in which a charge transport layer is formed using such a charge transport material, since it is easily susceptible to deterioration.

[In the formula, A r 1. A r 2, A r 3
, A r4 are each an aryl group, and at least one has a substituent] [wherein A r5. A r6. Ar7 each represents an aryl group, and at least one has a substituent.

A represents an alkylene group, an arylene group, or a heterocyclic divalent group which may have a substituent; R4 represents hydrogen; each represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, or an aryl group which may have a substituent; ]R7[IV] [In the formula, R5 and R6 each represent a dialkylamino group, and R7 represents an alkyl group, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group that may have a substituent. ] The binder resin used for producing each of the above-mentioned photoreceptors includes thermoplastic resins, thermosetting resins, photocurable resins, photoconductive resins, etc., which are electrically insulating and are known per se. Suitable binder resins that can be used include, but are not limited to, for example,
Saturated polyester resin, polyamide resin.

Acrylic resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ionically crosslinked olefin copolymer (ionomer), styrene-
butadiene block copolymers, polycarbonates, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, cellulose esters, polyimides, thermoplastics such as styrene resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, silicone resins, phenolic resins,
Examples include thermosetting resins such as melamine resins, xylene resins, alkyd resins, thermosetting acrylic resins, photocurable resins, and photoconductive resins such as polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinyl anthracene, and polyvinyl pyrrole.

These binder resins can be used alone or in combination, and their electrical insulation properties are
It is desirable to have a volume resistivity of 1 x 1012 Ωcm or more when measured alone.In addition, in each of the above photoreceptors, halogenated paraffin, polychlorinated biphenyl, dimethylnaphthalene, etc. are used together with the above binder resin. , dibutyl phthalate,
Plasticizers such as 〇-terphenyl, chloranil, tetracyanoethylene, 2,4.7-dolinitrofluorenone,
Electron-withdrawing sensitizers such as 5.6-dicyazbenzoquinone, tetracyanoquinodimethane, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, 3.5-dinitrobenzoic acid, methyl violet,
Sensitizers such as rhodamine B, cyanine dyes, pyrylium salts, thiapyrylium salts, etc. may also be used. Furthermore, it is also possible to appropriately use antioxidants, ultraviolet absorber 2 dispersion aids, antisettling agents, and the like.

[Function] When the above-mentioned aniline derivative represented by the general formula 2N is supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor as in the present invention, even if harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides are generated during charging, the surface of the photoreceptor is The aniline derivative supplied to the photosensitive layer suppresses deterioration of the photosensitive layer, making it possible to stably obtain good images without image defects such as excessive image blurring.

Further, in an image forming apparatus using a photoreceptor, a supply means for supplying the above-mentioned aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor is provided in the apparatus, and the above-mentioned aniline derivative is appropriately supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor by this supply means. If you let
ozone.

Deterioration of the photosensitive layer due to harmful substances such as nitrogen oxides is further suppressed, and good images without image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring can be stably obtained over a long period of time.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be specifically described based on the accompanying drawings.

(Example 1) In this example, a photoreceptor produced as described below was used.

First, a conductive support with a diameter of 50 mm.

An aluminum drum with a length of 254 mm was used.

Then, as a charge generating material, a bisazo pigment represented by the following chemical formula [V] was used, and 0.45 parts by weight of this bisazo pigment and a polystyl resin (manufactured by Toyobo ■, Byron 200) were used.
)0.45 parts by weight and 50 parts by weight of cyclohexane were dispersed in a sand mill, and the resulting bisazo pigment dispersion was placed on the aluminum drum so that the film thickness after drying was 0.3 g/m2. After coating, this was dried to form a charge generation layer on the aluminum drum.

Next, 50 parts by weight of a charge transport material consisting of a butadiene compound represented by the following chemical formula [■1] and 5 parts by weight of a polycarbonate resin (Teijinka e, @Panlite-1300) were added.
0 parts by weight and fluorosilicone oil (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.,
A coating liquid for a charge transport layer was prepared by dissolving 0.05 parts by weight of X-22-819 in 400 parts by weight of 1,4-dioxane.

Then, the coating liquid for the charge transport layer prepared in this way was applied onto the above-mentioned charge generation layer formed on the conductive support so that the film thickness after drying was 20 μm. A charge transport layer was formed by drying, and a multilayer organic photoreceptor was prepared in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer were sequentially stacked on a conductive support.

When forming an image using the photoreceptor produced in this way, as shown in FIG. After being charged with electricity, the photoreceptor (1) was subjected to imagewise exposure using an appropriate exposure means (not shown) to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor (1).

Next, the photoreceptor (1) on which the electrostatic latent image was formed in this way
Toner is supplied from the developer (3) onto the surface of the photoreceptor (3).
A toner image is formed on the surface of the transfer paper (1), and the toner image thus formed is transferred to the transfer paper (
(not shown).

After the toner image is transferred to the transfer paper in this way, the toner remaining on the surface of the photoconductor (1> is removed by the first cleaning blade (5a), and then the toner image is transferred to the photoconductor (1). A supply means (1) for supplying an aniline derivative onto the surface of
0).

In this example, in order to supply the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor (1), an impregnating roller (11) impregnated with the aniline derivative shown in the chemical formula [I7] is installed in the apparatus. This impregnating roller (11)
was placed in circumferential contact with the surface of the photoreceptor (1), and the aniline derivative was supplied from this impregnation roller (11) to the surface of the photoreceptor (1).

After the aniline derivative represented by the chemical formula [17] is supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor (1) in this way, the second cleaning blade (5b) is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the photoreceptor (1), After uniformly applying the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor (1), the surface of the photoreceptor (1) is charged with an eraser lamp (6), and then the photoreceptor (1) is charged again with the charging device 2). 1) was charged to perform image formation.

Then, a 10,000-sheet printing test was conducted in this manner, and the initial surface potential V of the photoreceptor (1) was measured at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test. (V) and surface potential Vi after exposure
(V) was measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

(Examples 2 to 4) In these examples, in the image forming apparatus shown in Example 1 above, the type of aniline derivative impregnated into the impregnating roller (11>) was changed, and in Example 2, the type of aniline derivative impregnated was changed. In Example 3, the aniline derivative shown in the above chemical formula [I18] was converted into the above chemical formula [I2
In Example 4, the impregnation roller (11) was impregnated with the aniline derivative represented by the chemical formula [I32] and supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor 1). did.

For these Examples, a 10,000-sheet printing test was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, and the initial results of the photoreceptor (1) at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test were carried out. Surface potential Vo (V) and surface potential Vi after exposure
(V) was measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

(Comparative Example 1) In this comparative example, in the image forming apparatus of Example 1, the impregnating roller (11) that supplies the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor (1) is removed, and the
), except that the aniline derivative was not supplied to the surface of the film, and image formation was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 above.

And, regarding the comparative example 1, the above example 1
As in the case of ~4, a 10,000-sheet printing test was conducted, and the initial surface potential Vo (V) of the photoconductor (1) at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test and the surface potential Vi after exposure were determined.
(V) was measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

Here, in the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, the initial surface potential Vo (V) of the photoreceptor (1) measured as described above and during the 10,000-sheet printing durability test and the exposure The subsequent surface potential Vi (V) was as shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1 As is clear from the results, in Examples 1 to 4, the initial surface potential (■) of the photoreceptor (1) and the surface potential Vi after exposure were different from the initial value and the 10,000-sheet resistance. There was almost no change after the printing test, whereas in Comparative Example 1, the initial surface potential (■) of the photoreceptor (1) after the 10,000-sheet printing test and the surface potential Vi after exposure However, it was considerably lower than the initial value.

In addition, as a result of evaluating the image quality of each image formed by Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that Examples 1 to 4 had poor performance both at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test. Although a good image was obtained, in Comparative Example 1, the reproducibility of fine lines was poor in the image formed after the 10,000-sheet printing test, and the image quality was degraded.

(Example 5) In this example, a bisazo pigment represented by the following chemical formula [Vfl] was used as the charge-generating material, and a bisazo pigment represented by the following chemical formula [Vfl] was used as the charge-transporting material.
A distyryl compound shown in ] was used, and a photoreceptor produced in the same manner as in Example 1 was used except for the above.

[■C[1 [1D] Also in this example, as in the case of Example 1, the photoreceptor (1) is rotated, and the photoreceptor (1) is connected to the charger (2). After charging the photoreceptor (1) using a suitable exposure means, the photoreceptor (1) was imagewise exposed to form an electrostatic latent image on the surface of the photoreceptor (1).

Next, the photoreceptor (1) on which the electrostatic latent image was formed in this way
After a toner image was formed on the surface of the photoreceptor (1) by supplying toner from a developing device (3) to the surface of the photoreceptor (1), this toner image was transferred to a transfer paper by a transfer chart shark (4).

After the toner image is transferred to the transfer paper in this way, the toner remaining on the surface of the photoconductor (1) is removed by the first cleaning blade (5a), and then the toner image is removed from the photoconductor (1). A supply means (1) for supplying an aniline derivative onto the surface of
0).

In this example, in supplying the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor (1), a solid substance (12
), and the solid material (12) of the aniline derivative was scraped off with a rotating brush (13) and supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor (1).

After the aniline derivative represented by the chemical formula [I40] is supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor (1) in this way, the second cleaning blade (5b) is brought into pressure contact with the surface of the photoreceptor (1>), After making the above aniline derivative supplied to the surface of the photoconductor (1) uniform, eraser lamp (6)
The surface of the photoreceptor (1>) was neutralized, and the photoreceptor (1>) was charged again using the charger (2>) to form an image.

Then, in the same manner as in Example 1 above, a 10,000-sheet printing test was conducted, and the initial surface potential V of the photoreceptor (1) was determined at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test.

(V) and the surface potential Vi (V) after exposure were measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

(Examples 6 and 7) In these Examples, the type of solid material (12) made of an aniline derivative used in the image forming apparatus shown in Example 5 was changed, and In Example 7, the solid substance (12) made of the aniline derivative shown in the above chemical formula [I 39] was used, and in the case of Example 7, the solid substance (12) made of the aniline derivative shown in the above chemical formula [I 43] A solid material (12) made of these aniline derivatives was supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor (1) by a rotating brush (13).

For these Examples, a 10,000-sheet printing test was conducted in the same manner as in Example 5, and the initial surface potential of the photoreceptor (1) was determined at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test. Vo (V) and the surface potential Vi (V) after exposure were measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

(Comparative Example 2) In this comparative example, in the image forming apparatus of Example 5, the solid material (12) made of the above-mentioned aniline derivative supplies the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor (1).
The rotating brush (13) was removed to prevent the aniline derivative from being supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor (1), and an image was formed in the same manner as in Example 5 except for this.

The comparative example 2 was also subjected to a 10,000-sheet printing test, and the initial surface potential V of the photoreceptor (1) was measured at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing test.

(V) and the surface potential Vi (V) after exposure were measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

(Comparative Example 3) In this comparative example, in the image forming apparatus of Example 5, tris(nonyl phenyl), which is an antioxidant, was used instead of the solid material 12 made of the aniline derivative. Using a solid substance made of phosphite, this antioxidant is applied to the photoreceptor (1) using the rotating brush (13).
), and an image was formed in the same manner as in Example 5 above.

For Comparative Example 3, an L-sided printing durability test was also conducted, and the initial surface potential V of the photoreceptor (1) was determined at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing durability test.

(V) and the surface potential Vi (V) after exposure were measured, and the image quality of each image formed was evaluated.

Here, in Examples 5 to 7 and Comparative Example 2.3, the initial surface potential V of the photoreceptor (1) was measured as described above at the initial stage and during the 10,000-sheet printing durability test. (V)
The surface potential Vi (V) after exposure was as shown in Table 2 below.

Table 2 As is clear from the results, in the above Examples 5 to 7, the initial surface potential V□ of the photoreceptor (1) and the surface potential Vi after exposure were There was almost no change in Comparative Example 2.
．． In the case of No. 3, the initial surface potential Vo of the photoreceptor (1) after the 10,000-sheet printing test and the surface potential vi after exposure were considerably lower than those in the initial stage.

In addition, as a result of evaluating the image quality of each image formed in Examples 5 to 7 and Comparative Example 2.3, it was found that in Examples 5 to 7, both at the initial stage and after the 10,000-sheet printing durability test, However, in Comparative Example 2.3, the image density in the image formed after the 10,000-sheet printing test decreased, and the reproducibility of fine lines also deteriorated, and the formation The image quality of the images was degraded.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, in the present invention, the above-mentioned general method is applied to the surface of a photoreceptor used in an image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic process such as a copying machine or a printer. Since the aniline derivative represented by formula [I] is supplied, even if harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides are generated when this photoreceptor is charged with a charger,
This aniline derivative supplied to the surface of the photoreceptor suppresses deterioration of the photosensitive layer caused by the above-mentioned harmful substances, and prevents the electrophotographic properties of the photoreceptor from deteriorating.
Good images without image defects such as excessive density blurring can now be stably obtained.

In particular, image forming devices that use functionally separated photoreceptors that are used in negatively charged systems that often generate harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides, and small-sized image forming devices that generate high concentrations of harmful substances such as those mentioned above, In the image forming apparatus as well, the deterioration of the photosensitive layer on the photoreceptor was suppressed, and good images without image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring were stably obtained.

Further, as in the image forming apparatus according to the present invention, a supplying means for supplying the aniline derivative represented by the above general formula [I] to the surface of the photoreceptor is provided in the apparatus, and the supplying means supplies the aniline derivative to the surface of the photoreceptor. By appropriately supplying the photosensitive layer to the surface of the photoreceptor, deterioration of the photosensitive layer due to harmful substances such as ozone and nitrogen oxides is further suppressed, and good images without image defects such as density unevenness and image blurring can be maintained for a long time. It has become stable.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an image forming apparatus used in Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image forming apparatus used in Examples 5 to 7 of the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A photoreceptor characterized in that an aniline derivative represented by the following general formula [I] is provided on the surface of the photoreceptor. ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [I] [In the formula, R_1 and R_2 represent an alkyl group or an aralkyl group that may have a substituent, and R_3 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a hydroxyl group, n represents an integer of 1 to 4, representing an aryl group, a halogen atom, or an aralkyl group. 2) An image forming apparatus using a photoreceptor, characterized in that the image forming apparatus is provided with a supply means for supplying the aniline derivative represented by the general formula [I] to the surface of the photoreceptor.