JPH03184801A - Cut end face impregnation method for timber or the like and its impregnation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out quickly impregnation without unevenness in an optional range by making cell cavities and the inside of cell cavities communicated with said cell cavities negative in pressure, working an impregnating agent force feeding section, and pressure injecting the impregnating agent into the cell cavities and the cell cavities communicated with. CONSTITUTION:An impregnation device consisting of an impregnating agent force feeding section 1 and an impregnating agent suction section 2 is provided, which is fixed onto one cut end face 3a cut in a manner that the impregnating agent force feeding section 1 of an impregnation device traverses in the trunk axial direction of a timber 3 or the like by using a fitment 10, while the other cut end face 3b is fixed in a manner that the impregnation suction section 2 corresponds to the impregnation force feeding section 1 by means of the fitment 10. Then, the impregnation suction section 2 is worked by a pressure reducer 9 to make cell cavities of a corresponding cut end face (a) and cell cavities 3c communicated with said cell cavities negative in pressure. Almost simultaneously, the impregnation force feeding section 1 is worked by an impregnation pressure applying device 6 to pressure inject an impregnating agent into cell cavities and the cell cavities 3c communicated with in the corresponding cut and face 3a. The inside of cell cavities are filled with the impregnating agent and made to be in the circulating state, and the impregnating agent is infiltrated even into a core section.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

"Industrial Application Field" The present invention uses various impregnating agents such as oak resin, resin, modifying chemicals, and insect repellents to prevent dry cracking after modifying wood, etc. The present invention relates to a wood end impregnation method and an impregnation device for the same. ``Prior art'' Traditionally, wood has been impregnated with insect repellents and tree oil, but in recent years, the characteristics of natural wood have been improved by impregnating wood with various chemical substances. Research on chemically modified wood to improve quality has begun to be conducted in various fields. For example, the hydroxyl group of cellulose is replaced by an acetyl group (-COCH
3), research on turning wood into plastic through so-called esterification or etherification, which involves chemical modification of substituting nitro groups (-No, Examples include research into creating inorganic composite wood (ceramic wood), and research into impregnating wood with organic impregnation agents to give it plasticity and making it unbreakable even when heated and dried under somewhat harsh conditions. be. The methods of impregnating wood etc. with these various impregnating agents can be broadly classified into the following three types. The first is a diffusion osmosis method, the second is a boiling treatment method, and the third is a reduced pressure treatment method. The first diffusion infiltration method is a method in which wood or the like is immersed in an aqueous solution containing an impregnating agent to diffuse and infiltrate the solute. This is based on the phenomenon that when the concentrations of different substances are not uniform, a diffusion phenomenon occurs that tries to make the concentrations nearly uniform, and the greater the difference in concentration, the greater the diffusion rate and amount. This is what I did. Therefore, when wood comes into contact with various solutions, the substances contained in the solutions diffuse into the wood from the surface and are adsorbed into the wood. This diffusion osmosis method (especially in the case of double diffusion treatment method)
The wood must have a high moisture content or be saturated with water, but it is difficult to make the wood saturated with water, and it takes a long time (generally about 1 to 6 months). The second boiling treatment method is a method in which wood or the like is boiled in an aqueous solution of a water-containing agent. Usually, the method involves repeating boiling for 5 to 10 hours multiple times. This is intended to promote impregnation through changes in wood quality due to boiling, changes in temperature conduction, changes in pressure, convection of the solution, etc. However, depending on the wood species, there are drawbacks such as the moisture content of some wood species not improving even after repeated boiling operations, and the color of the wood changing. The third reduced pressure treatment method is to dry the wood once, leave the wood raw material in a reduced pressure atmosphere for about 30 minutes, and then immerse the wood etc. in an aqueous solution containing an impregnating agent in the reduced pressure atmosphere. This is a method of repeating the procedure several times, in which the material is left in a pressurized atmosphere for about 2 to 4 hours. This method is an impregnation method that utilizes the difference between hydrostatic pressure and internal wood pressure. This requires that the wood be completely dried as a pre-treatment, but this pre-treatment takes a long time and is prone to cracking during the drying process, resulting in poor yields. ``Problems that the invention seeks to solve'' As mentioned above, impregnation methods for wood, etc. all take a long time to process, change the color of the wood, change the quality of the material, and cause cracks. There was a drawback. In addition, it was difficult to impregnate the target material evenly to the core or to impregnate it partially. The present invention takes into consideration the characteristics of the tissue structure of wood, etc., and utilizes cell cavities [tracheids (conifers), vessel elements (hardwoods), resin canals, etc.] to perform forced pressure injection from the end of the wood. and forced suction injection,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an impregnation method in which water is passed through an impregnating liquid and uniform impregnation is quickly carried out in an arbitrary range, and a simple impregnation apparatus capable of implementing the impregnation method. "Means for solving the problems" The means for solving the above technical problems are as follows. The first invention to be patented is a method for impregnating the end of wood, etc. An impregnating device consisting of an impregnating agent press-in part and an impregnant suction part is prepared, and the impregnating agent press-in part of the impregnating device is fixed to one end face of the wood etc. cut transversely to the trunk axis direction, and the other An impregnating agent suction part is positioned and fixed to the end face cut across the area so as to correspond to the impregnating agent press-in part. Then, first operate the impregnating agent suction section to create a negative pressure in the cell cavity of the corresponding butt end surface and the cell cavity communicating therewith, and then operate the impregnating agent press-in section to take appropriate action. The impregnating agent is injected under pressure into the cell cavity of the butt end surface and the cell cavity communicating therewith. Then, the impregnating agent forcibly injected by pressure from the impregnating agent injection part communicates with the corresponding end surface, moves rapidly along the cell cavity being sucked, and flows out from the impregnating agent suction part. Note that the suction by the impregnating agent suction section and the pressurized injection by the impregnating agent press-in section are repeated as necessary. This is a method for impregnating wood, etc., characterized in that the impregnating agent is rapidly and uniformly impregnated into the core of the wood along the corresponding cell cavities and the cell cavities communicating therewith. The second invention for which a patent is sought is an apparatus for impregnating wood, etc. It consists of an airtight lid with an impregnating area opening on the contact surface of the wood, etc., and an impregnant pressure supply device connected to the airtight lid; An impregnating agent suction section comprising an airtight lid provided with an opening for an impregnating region and a pressure reducing machine connected to the airtight lid, and a fixture for fixing the impregnating agent press-fitting section and the impregnating agent suction section to wood or the like. , a control unit that controls the operation of the impregnating agent pressurized supply device and the pressure reducing machine. "Function" The principle of the present invention is to study the structure of wood and utilize its characteristics to forcibly realize rapid impregnation in a predetermined direction. As shown in Table 1, wood can be roughly divided into two types of tissues: tissues arranged in the direction of the needle axis and tissues arranged radially outward from the pith. If you look closely at the structure of this wood, you will find the following. ■ The overall structure of wood, both in terms of quantity and type,
There is much more tissue arranged in the direction of the needle axis than tissue arranged radially outward from the pulp. ■ Tracheids, which make up the majority (96%) of conifers, are spindle-shaped cells that are elongated in the direction of the wheel axis, and function as water passages, so that water can flow in the direction of the wheel axis through the tracheids. Impregnation is quick. ■ There are tissues that are arranged in a radial pattern, such as radial parenchyma cells, but these are all small and have a small amount, and their cell walls have pores that make it difficult for the impregnation solution to penetrate. ■ Vessel elements make up the majority of hardwood materials. Vascular elements are vertically connected cells.
There are holes called perforations in both the upper and lower ends, which have a moisture-conducting function. Therefore, by using this pipe element, it is possible to force the impregnating liquid to flow rapidly. ■ Hardwood materials, such as radial cells, also had tissues arranged in a radial pattern, but there were pores between the cells, making it difficult to impregnate in the radial direction. ■ There are rimmed pores on the side walls of vessels and tracheids, and single-wall pores on the walls of parenchyma cells and true fibers. When the impregnating liquid tries to enter, the pores close, preventing seepage. Due to these characteristics, pressure injection is performed from one side by utilizing the cell cavities [tracheids (conifers), vessel elements (hardwoods), axial parenchyma cells] exposed on the butt surface and the tissues communicating with these cavities.
If suction is applied from the other side, the free water present in the tissue will move out and be replaced by the impregnating liquid, which will rapidly pass through to replace it. 2: No matter how deep the wood is, if you use the cell cavity, most of the wood structure (9
It was found that it is possible to quickly impregnate the impregnating liquid to a concentration of 0% or more. In addition, since the impregnation around the cell cavities is also carried out starting from the cell cavities through which the water passes, uniform impregnation can be quickly carried out even in places deep from the surface, such as the core of wood. Moreover, in areas where forced water flow is not performed using the cell cavity, the impregnating liquid hardly oozes out or impregnates the surrounding area through the wall holes, until the bound water diffuses and the impregnating liquid seeps into the surrounding area. Since this process requires a long time, it was also found that partial impregnation of any part of the wood can be easily carried out depending on whether or not forced water treatment is performed. In the case of the present invention, the impregnating agent press-in part 1 and the impregnating agent suction part 2
By preparing an impregnating device consisting of the following and attaching it to any part of the butt end, partial impregnation can be easily achieved. In addition, the experimental results revealed that suction force has a more effective effect on the cell cavity than pressurized injection force for reliable water passage of the impregnating agent. "Implementation side"<Example■> Figure 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the impregnating apparatus according to the present invention, which includes the impregnating bag W, the impregnating agent press-fitting part 1, the impregnating agent suction part 2, and the fixture 10. and the control section 11. The impregnating agent press-fitting section 1 is made of wood, etc.) and an airtight lid 5 having an impregnating region opening 4 on the contact surface thereof. The impregnating agent suction part 2 is connected to the impregnating water agent pressurizing unit 5 and the impregnating agent pressurizing unit 6 connected to the impregnating agent suction unit 2.
'The immersion area opening part 7 is sunk and connected to the airtight lid 8 and the reduced IF device 9 rt5 5 +:', ;', Fixed V G!
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1! Fix the dipping agent retracting part 2 to wood, etc. 1. 'c
: )l2 consists of A, 5, and control section 152, including Moeki.
Pressurized drug supply device 6.

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For [movement]? Let's go wholesale and get 1 piece of cargo. Second figure! j The impregnating and immersion, C and other examples・, Impregnant pressure ＼ Part 1, etc. Impregnant suction part:・S・”1 , l, ,; ′,t,+,,:
Island,, s8: i So7j, l ”” ”' T
A1+, j blue impregnated area"al l-11ffi 4.
7, the airtight cover 5 is formed not on the entire surface but on a part thereof. Solid airtight lid J5 that adheres to both the upper and lower butt ends
．． The eight impregnating region openings 4.7 are each configured with a corresponding shape. By preparing the impregnating agent press-in section 1 and the impregnating agent suction section 2 having such partially openings, corresponding partial impregnation of wood or the like can be easily performed. The present invention has such an impregnating agent press-in part 1 and an impregnating suction part 2.
An impregnating device consisting of is prepared, and the impregnating device J1 impregnating agent press-in part is fixed on one end surface 3a of the wood cutter 3, which is cut with a tau cross-cut with respect to the wheel axis direction.
・The determining tool 10 is used and fixed on the other end surface 3b of the other end surface 3b so as to correspond to the impregnating agent press-in part. Then, by operating the pressure reducing machine 9, the impregnating agent suction section 2 is operated, and the corresponding end surface δ/D is
At the same time as creating a negative pressure inside the cell cavity and the cell cavity 3c that communicates with it, the impregnating agent pressurized supply device 6 is operated.11. lI let you L
2, the impregnating agent press-in section 1 is operated to inject the impregnating agent under pressure into the cell cavity of the L-J surface 3a of the wood and the cell cavity 3c communicating therewith. In this way, by suctioning from one end surface of the wood, etc., and injecting the impregnating agent under pressure from the other end surface, the free water inside is forcibly sucked out and removed. The impregnating agent is injected into the cell cavity, passes through the cell cavity, and is expelled. In this way, the inside of the cell cavity is filled with the impregnating agent, creating a circulatory state, so even if the wood is 2 to 3 meters long, the impregnating agent can be forcibly sucked and injected into the entire length of the wood, even reaching the core. state. In addition, the suction force at this time is a vacuum of about 10-3 mmHg,
It is preferable that the pressurizing pressure is not so high, such as about 1 to 5 atmospheres. Moreover, as necessary, suction by the impregnating agent suction section 2 and pressurized injection by the impregnating agent press-in section 1 are repeated, thereby applying the impregnating agent to the corresponding cell cavities 3c of the wood etc. 3.
By impregnating along the direction, the wood etc. can be impregnated more reliably. In this case, there are pores in the cell wall adjacent to the cell cavity,
It closes when negative pressure due to suction or pressurized force due to pressurized injection is applied, and instead acts to prevent penetration into adjacent cells. Therefore, when the impregnating method according to the present invention is performed, the impregnating agent hardly oozes out to the surrounding area, and the boundary line can be clearly distinguished. (Reference photo) As described above, the following characteristics of the impregnation method according to the present invention were found. ■ It causes efficient impregnation using cell cavities and the processing time is short. ■ Since the operating pressure is low, the equipment is simpler than conventional reduction and pressure impregnation equipment, and the equipment cost is also lower. ■ It is now possible to impregnate the entire surface, even the core, which was previously difficult to impregnate. ■ It has also become possible to impregnate highly viscous fluids such as 30% polyethylene glycol solution. Table 2 shows the differences in characteristics when comparing the case of using a conventional low-pressure impregnation device and the case of the present invention. (
(See Table 2) Next, the present inventor conducted an experiment to confirm the impregnation state of a high viscosity fluid using the impregnation apparatus and impregnation method according to the present invention. This is 30% polyethylene glycol as a high viscosity fluid.
A colored pigment was mixed into an aqueous solution and the pressure was maintained at 4 to 5 kgf/crri'' for several hours, during which time the solution was circulated.The degree of impregnation was then observed.The results are shown in Table 3. What we learned from this experiment is that a certain amount of holding time is required to impregnate even the thin duct tissue.It takes 4 to 8 hours to penetrate from the thick duct tissue to the narrow duct tissue. It was found that it is effective to maintain the load pressure at a constant pressure for a long time without making it too high.In addition, regarding the method of impregnating wood, etc. with a 30% aqueous solution of polyethylene glycol, the wood end impregnation power according to the present invention was found to be effective. We compared the power of impregnation by hot bath diffusion and the power of high-pressure pressure impregnation.As a result, we found that wood treated with this impregnation method and heat-treated in the air at 170℃ for 8 hours had no cracking. However, in the other two impregnation methods, when heat-treated under the same conditions, cracks occurred in the center section.This is probably due to the impregnating power of the present invention being uniformly and sufficiently impregnated to the core. "Effect" As described above, the first invention of the present application fixes the impregnating agent press-fitting part to one end surface of the wood etc. which is cut so as to intersect with the growth direction, and the impregnating agent press-fitting part is fixed to the other end surface. The agent suction section is fixed so as to correspond to the impregnating agent press-fitting section, and the impregnating agent suction section is operated to create a negative pressure in the cell cavity and the cell cavity communicating therewith, and the impregnating agent press-fitting section is The impregnating agent is actuated to inject the impregnating agent under pressure into the cell cavity and the cell cavity communicating therewith, so that the impregnating agent is forcibly moved from the impregnating agent press-in section to the impregnating agent suction section. By combining this forced pressure injection and forced suction injection, the impregnating agent is quickly and evenly distributed to the core of the wood. In particular, an impregnating agent press-fitting part is fixed to one end surface cut perpendicularly to the growth direction of the wood, etc., and an impregnating agent suction part is fixed to the other end surface so as to correspond to the impregnating agent press-fitting part. Therefore, the direction in which the forced migration force of the impregnating agent acts is almost the same as the direction of the conduit surrounded by the cell wall and the direction of water movement in the cell, so the impregnating agent transfers smoothly and quickly. Do not forcibly destroy the organization of In addition, the impregnating agent hardly migrates outside the surrounding cell walls and does not inadvertently bleed beyond a predetermined range. As a result, partial impregnation, which was previously considered difficult, has become possible. Furthermore, if necessary, by repeating the suction by the impregnant suction section and the pressure injection by the impregnant press-in section, the impregnant is applied along the corresponding cell cavities of the wood, etc. and the cell cavities communicating therewith. This makes it possible to reliably and evenly impregnate the material. Next, the second invention of the present application has an impregnating area opening 4 on the surface that comes into contact with wood, etc., and an impregnating agent press-in part that is connected to an impregnating agent pressure supply device, and an impregnating agent press-fitting part that has an impregnating area opening 4 on the surface that comes into contact with wood, etc. An impregnating agent suction part having a region opening and connected in a vacuum-like manner, a fixture for fixing the impregnating agent press-fitting part and the impregnating agent suction part to wood, etc., and the impregnating agent pressurized supply device and the depressurizing machine. Since it is a device consisting of simple components such as a control section that controls the operation, it is easy to use and inexpensive. Furthermore, since it can be freely attached to any configuration according to the configuration, it is a highly versatile and highly practical device.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the impregnation method for wood, etc. and the structure of the impregnation device according to the present invention, and Fig. 2 shows other embodiments of the main parts of the impregnation device (impregnation agent press-in part and impregnation agent suction part). FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an embodiment of an impregnating region opening formed on the contact surface of the impregnating agent press-in part and the impregnating agent suction part shown in FIG. 2. "Explanation of symbols" 1... Impregnating agent press-in part, 2... Impregnating agent suction part, 3... Wood, etc., 4... Impregnation area opening, 5... Airtight lid, 6. ... Impregnation agent pressurized supply device, 7 ... Impregnation area opening, 8 ... Airtight lid, 9 ... Pressure reducer, 10 ... Fixture, 11 ... Control section. Patent applicant Hideaki Takahashi

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Prepare an impregnation device consisting of an impregnation agent press-in part and an impregnant suction part, and fix the impregnant press-in part of the impregnation device to one end surface of the wood, etc., cut transversely to the trunk axis direction. Then, fix the impregnating agent suction part to the other cross-cutted end face so as to correspond to the impregnating agent press-fitting part, and operate the impregnating agent suction part to remove the cell cavities of the corresponding butt end face and the like. While creating a negative pressure in the communicating cell cavities, the impregnating agent press-in section is operated to inject the impregnating agent under pressure into the corresponding cell cavities of the butt end surface and the communicating cell cavities, as necessary. Then, suction by the impregnating agent suction unit to the wood end surface and pressurized injection by the impregnating agent press-fitting unit to the corresponding wood end surface are repeated, thereby communicating the impregnating agent to the corresponding cell cavities of the wood, etc. A method for impregnating the end of wood, etc., characterized in that the impregnation is carried out along the cell cavities of wood. (2) An impregnating agent press-fitting section consisting of an airtight lid with an impregnating area opening provided on the contact surface of the wood, etc., and an impregnant pressure supply device connected to the airtight lid, and the wood, etc. are brought into contact with each other. An impregnating agent suction section consisting of an airtight lid with an impregnating area opening on its surface and a depressurizer connected to the airtight lid, and the impregnating agent press-fitting section and the impregnating agent suction section are fixed to wood, etc. An impregnating device comprising: a fixture; and a control unit that controls the operation of the impregnating agent pressurized supply device and the pressure reducing machine.