JPH03187798A - Locking device for moving element of drafting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To apply a strong stationary force to a moving element by providing operating means for rotating a connecting member in the opposite direction against an energizing means, and so forming the end of the member as to connect or separate the end with or from the surface of a brake plate in response to opening or closing of the member. CONSTITUTION:A bracket 14 protrudes from a moving element 10, and a pair of connecting members 15 are supported at the end of the bracket 14 at opposed positions to a brake plate 13. Energizing means of a compression spring 19 is disposed between the members 15, the members 15 are so energized as to open the end 21, and the end 21 is engaged with the surface of the plate 13. When one end 24a of operating means 14 is moved upward to lift a connecting piece, the members 15 are rotated in the closing direction against the elastic force of the energizing means 19, and the ends 21 of the members 15 are separated from the surface of the plate 13. When one end 14a of the means 14 is moved down, the members 15 are rotated in the opening direction by the elastic force of the means 19, and the ends 21 of the members 15 are again engaged with the surface of the plate 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Industrial Application Field) The present invention uses a freely movable moving body in a drawing machine. The present invention relates to a locking device that locks at a desired position or at a desired angle.

(Prior art and its problems) - When drawing S using a drawing machine, scale installation is done after determining the base line of the protractor on the head part according to the drawing on the drawing board. move freely in any direction,
This requires the work of drawing lines at a predetermined position and at a predetermined scale angle. Therefore, in order to adjust the angle by moving the head in the vertical and horizontal directions and rotating the protractor and scale, the drawing machine has an X rail, a Y rail, and a cursor and a protractor on the head. , a scale, and other movable bodies are installed, and a brake device for braking and locking these movable bodies is also provided.

The following brake devices are available for the movable body of such a drawing machine.

■Baseline brake device (Example: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 55-47000) This is done by locking and fixing the protractor to the supporting board of the head at the desired rotation angle to mount the scale according to the drawing placed on the drawing board. It is something.

(2) Angle brake device (Example: Utility Model Publication No. 56-31426) This is a device that locks and fixes the main shaft side to the support substrate or the protractor at an arbitrary rotation angle with respect to the support substrate as described above.

■Cursor brake device (Example: Utility Model Publication No. 54-6520) This device locks and fixes a cursor slidably attached to the X and Y rails provided on the drawing board at any position on the rails.

Incidentally, in any of the above cases, since locking is performed by operating a manual lever, the fixing force at the time of locking is proportional to the force at the time of rotating the manual lever. For this reason,
Reliable locking requires operation with great force. The same force is required to release the above lock. Drafting work requires repeated locking and unlocking operations, so long hours of work can easily lead to fatigue.

In addition, the force exerted when rotating the manual lever tends to cause the lock position to shift, making it difficult to determine the exact position and angle.

Therefore, as a solution to the above-mentioned problems, a device has been considered that locks the movement of the moving body by applying a load to the brake means using electric power, without relying on the force of the worker.

■ Driven by a solenoid (e.g. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-222797, Utility Model Application No. 1983-16)
No. 1567) This attempts to lock the movement of a moving body by driving a brake means using a solenoid. However, this is also a mechanism that obtains a fixing force proportional to the load generated by the solenoid, so in order to obtain a reliable lock (strong fixing force), a large solenoid is required, and it takes time to assemble the locking mechanism. In addition, the structure is complicated and the number of parts is large, and the wire connecting the solenoid and the brake means requires adjustment, which increases the cost. Also,
There is also the issue of the solenoid making a metallic sound when braking.

■Using the displacement of a piezoelectric element (e.g. Utility Model Application No. 1983-83495) The displacement of the piezoelectric element, which has excellent responsiveness and generates a large load despite its small size, is used to directly drive the brake actuating means, and the displacement is proportional to the load. This is an attempt to obtain a fixed force. However, the amount of displacement of a piezoelectric element is minute, so if it is used directly to drive a brake member, there are problems such as high precision dimensional control of brake-related parts, problems with adjusting brake surface clearance, and temperature changes. This may cause problems such as variations in braking force due to In order to solve this problem, it may be possible to combine the piezoelectric element with an expansion mechanism to increase the amount of displacement, but if the amount of displacement is expanded, the load generated at the final stage via the expansion mechanism will decrease. , the disadvantage is that it is difficult to obtain a reliable lock.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention focuses on the fact that the problems of conventional locking devices are caused by the fact that the load applied to the brake means is proportional to the locking force of the movable body, and has developed a simple mechanism. The object of the present invention is to provide a locking device that can apply a strong fixing force to a moving body with a small force.

(Means for Achieving the Object) In order to achieve the above object, a locking device for a movable body in a drawing machine according to the present invention provides rotational movement or linear movement with respect to one component constituting the drawing machine. a movable body that moves, a brake plate is fixed to one of the component member or the movable body, and a brake plate is fixed to the other of the component member or the movable body, facing the surface of the brake plate with respect to the moving direction of the movable body. A pair of engaging members are provided which can be rotated to open and close and whose tips are formed in a V-shape or an inverted shape. actuating means for rotating the engaging member in the opposite direction against the force means, and the tip thereof is formed to engage or separate from the surface of the brake plate in response to opening and closing of the engaging member. It is characterized by

When the scale is attached to the component as a support substrate of the head section or a member fixed to the support substrate, the movable body may be attached as a protractor on the head section.

When the constituent member is a protractor on the head portion, the movable body may be a member to which the scale is attached.

When the component is an X rail provided on a drawing board,
The moving body may be a Y-rail cursor that moves along the X-rail.

When the component is a Y rail provided on a drawing board,
The movable body may move along a Y rail, and the attachment may be a cursor on a head portion.

The actuating means may be operated manually or by an electromagnetic solenoid or a piezoelectric element in combination with a magnification mechanism.

(Operations and Effects of the Invention) According to the above configuration, when the actuating means is actuated to cause the tip of the engaging member to engage with the surface of the brake plate by the urging means,
Both engaging members are obliquely abutted against the brake plate from opposite sides.

In this case, when attempting to move the movable body, the vertical load on the brake plate at the tip is amplified by an amount determined according to the angle of inclination of the engaging member,
This acts as a movement restraining force for the moving member, and as long as the rigidity of the parts is maintained, the brake plate and the engaging member cannot move relative to each other.

As described above, the initial load for engaging the engaging member with the brake plate is small due to the biasing means, but the locking force of the movable body is extremely large. If the tip of the engagement member engages with the surface of the brake plate, a strong fixing force can be obtained regardless of the magnitude of the driving load of the engagement member. If the vehicle leaves the vehicle even if it is not in contact with the vehicle, the brake state is completely released.

Furthermore, since one of the opening and closing rotations of the engaging member is performed by the biasing means, and the other rotation is performed by the actuating means, the mechanisms of the actuating means and its driving means are simplified. In addition, the total number of parts is small and the structure is simple.

Furthermore, as mentioned above, the driving force for opening and closing the engaging member and the locking force are completely unrelated, so the driving force by the driving means opens and closes the engaging member against the urging force of the urging means. It can be as small as necessary. Therefore, the drive means does not require any special power, so manual drive, electromagnetic solenoid, piezoelectric element, etc. can be used as the drive means.If a solenoid is used as the drive means, a small one is sufficient. The device can be miniaturized, and when a piezoelectric element is used, it can be combined with a displacement magnification mechanism to provide reliable locking with excellent displacement. In addition, even in the case of manual operation, fatigue is significantly reduced, and since the force required for lock operation is small, lock positioning becomes more accurate.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Figure 1 shows an overview of the drawing machine (universal parallel ruler).
A drawing board 1, an X rail 2 fixed to the upper edge of the drawing board 1, a Y rail 4 connected to a 3° cursor that moves along the X rail 2, and a Y rail 4 that moves along the Y rail 4. A mounting provided at the tip of a support substrate 6 connected to the cursor 5 via a hinge is composed of a head portion 7 and a scale 8 attached to the head portion 7.

As shown in FIG. 2, the head section 7 is rotatably supported on the support substrate 6 via the main shaft 9a. In addition, a scale mounting member 10 including a scale 8 is fixed to a sub-shaft 9b provided coaxially with the main shaft 9a, and a protractor 11 indicating the degree of rotation of the scale 8 is rotatable. Supported. Note that a vernier 12 is fixed to the member 10 for attaching the scale. Further, the protractor plate 11 and the scale mounting member 10 are provided so as to rotate independently of each other.

By the way, in order to fix the head part 7 in a predetermined position when drafting, the cursor 3 is braked and locked in a predetermined position with respect to the X rail 2 and the cursor 5 with respect to the Y rail 4, respectively. Furthermore, when drawing a line, it is first necessary to lock the rotational movement of the protractor 11 in order to determine the base line of the drawing, and also to lock the scale 8 at an arbitrary angle with respect to the protractor 11. Therefore, a locking device is provided for each.

Among the above locking devices, the most frequently used locking device is a locking device that brakes and locks the rotational movement of the member (moving body) 10 when attaching the scale to the protractor 11 fixed by base line determination. It is structured as follows.

First, a thin disk-shaped brake plate 13 with a planar surface that protrudes in the outer radial direction is fixed to the outer edge of the protractor 11.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the scale is attached by a bracket 14 protruding from the member 10, and a pair of engagement plates at the tip of the bracket 14 facing the brake plate 13. A mating member 15 is pivotally supported. That is, the distal end side of the bracket 14 is bent so as to approach the brake plate 13 side, and then further extends to a position outside the brake plate 13. This tip 14a is formed as a locking surface, and above the locking surface 14a is a front wall 18a having a notch 17 in the center and side walls 18b on both sides thereof.
A holding frame 18 is formed on the front wall 18a facing the surface of the brake plate 13, and a pair of scales are mounted on the front wall 18a so as to be rotatable in opening and closing with respect to the moving direction of the member 10. An engaging member 15 is supported by a support shaft 20.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, both engaging members 15 are formed in an inverted V-shape with a line p connecting a support shaft 20 (rotation center) and a tip 21 opening inward, and both sides The lower surfaces of the two are inclined diagonally inward, and the upper inner sides are provided with other engaging members 15.
An engaging piece 16 that bends toward the side is formed, and both engaging members 1
5, biasing means by a compression spring 19 is arranged. As a result, both engaging members 15 are biased in the direction in which the tips 21 open, and the tips 21 of both engaging members 15 are pressed against the brake plate 13.
is engaged with the surface of

The bent end portion 14a of the bracket 14 faces the engagement member 15 on the opposite side with the brake plate 13 interposed therebetween. Then, the bent end portion 1 of the bracket 14
The surface of 4a is in contact with the plate surface of brake plate 13.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a metal support wall 22 is disposed between both side walls 18b of the holding frame 18, and is fixed to the bracket 14. One end 24 a of the upper part of the support wall 22 is connected to the lower part of the engagement piece 16 of the engagement member 15 through the notch groove 17 in the center of the front wall 18 a of the holding frame 18 via the fulcrum part (hinge part) 23 . At the same time, the other end 24b is provided with a rod-shaped actuating means 24 in the shape of a lever, extending to the opposite side. Although the actuation means 24 is formed integrally with the fulcrum portion 23 and the support wall 22, it may be supported by a support shaft.

The one end 24a of the actuating means 24 moves upward and the engaging piece 1
6 is pushed up, the engaging member 15 rotates in the closing direction against the elasticity of the urging means 19, and the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 separates from the surface of the brake plate 13. On the other hand, when the one end 24a of the actuating means 24 moves downward, the engaging member 15 rotates in the opening direction due to the elasticity of the urging means 19, and the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 again moves toward the surface of the brake plate 13. engage with.

Next, drive control of the actuation means 24 is carried out by a drive means that combines a piezoelectric element and an enlargement mechanism shown in FIG.

That is, the expansion mechanism is constituted by a horizontally long rhombic member 25 behind the support wall 22, and the piezoelectric element 26 is formed by the rhombic member 25.
is embedded inside.

Further, mounting pieces 27 and 28 are formed at the upper and lower ends of the diamond-shaped member 25, the lower end mounting piece 28 is fixed to the support wall 22, and the upper end mounting piece 27 is attached to the end of the actuating means 24. It is fixed with screws 29 (see FIG. 2).

With the above configuration, when a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 26 by operating the lock release switch (not shown), the piezoelectric element 26 has the property of elongating and displacing, so the rhombic member 25 extends laterally and vertically. to shrink. Therefore, when the actuating means 24 is mounted around the fulcrum part 23, the end on the side where the piece 27 is fixed is pulled down, whereas the end on the opposite side is driven upward and pushes up the engagement piece 16. , the engaging member 15 rotates in the closing direction against the elasticity of the biasing means 19, and its tip separates from the brake plate 13 (dotted line in Figure 4).

The displacement due to the expansion of the piezoelectric element 26 is magnified in the vertical direction by the diamond-shaped member 25, and the displacement in the vertical direction is further magnified in accordance with the ratio of the distance between the fulcrum part 23 of the actuating means 24 and each end. Although the elongation of the piezoelectric element 26 is minute, this 2
The two enlarging mechanisms can sufficiently rotate the engaging member 15 in the closing direction. Furthermore, since the piezoelectric element 26 has excellent responsiveness, the engaging member 15 is instantaneously driven.

Next, by operating the lock release switch, the piezoelectric element 26
When the voltage application to the engagement member 15 is released, the displacement also returns to its original state, so the actuation means 24 rotates in the opposite direction again, and the engagement member 15
The pressing force on the engagement piece 16 is also released, and the engagement member 15
is rotated in the opening direction by the biasing means 19, and its tip engages with the brake plate 13.

As described above, before the lock release switch is operated (before driving), the engaging member 15 is urged in the opening direction by the urging means 19, as shown in FIG. 4, and the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 is
It engages with the surface of the brake plate 13 and presses the brake plate 13 against the locking surface 14a at the tip of the bracket 14.

Length from the center of rotation O of the engaging member to the tip 21 (OA)
is formed a little longer than the vertical height (OB) from the rotation center O to the surface of the brake plate 13, so when the engaging member 15 engages with the surface of the brake plate 13, the urging means 19 A certain vertical load determined by the angle α is applied to the brake plate 13, and the tip of the engagement member 15
The brake plate 13 is sandwiched between the brake plate 4a and the brake plate 4a. Due to this vertical load, the tip of the engaging member 15 and the brake plate 1
At the point A where the engagement member 15 and the brake plate 13 engage, a certain frictional force is exerted between the tip of the engagement member 15 and the brake plate 13, which is determined by the materials of these members.

Here, when attaching the scale and trying to rotate the member 10 in the direction a, the tip 21 of one of the engaging members 15a is
Due to the initial friction caused by the above-mentioned frictional force, the brake plate 13
However, if the force of the tip 21 in the above direction at point A is F, the vertical load of the tip on the brake plate 13 in the vertical direction is OB/F of F.
AB times, the brake plate 13 becomes amplified by the amount determined by the angle α, and the engagement member 15 and locking surface 14
Since the clamping force caused by a also increases, the engaging member 15a neither slides nor rides on the brake plate 13, remains stationary without moving from point A, and is completely locked.

On the other hand, when the scale is attached, if the member 10 is to be moved in the b direction, the braking force from the other engaging member 15b is applied, and therefore rotational movement in the b direction is not possible for the same reason as described above. Therefore, when the scale is attached, the member 10 is fixed at a predetermined angle without shifting.

In this way, the locking force increases or decreases in proportion to the force that rotates the brake plate 13, so with this mechanism, it is theoretically possible to obtain an infinite braking force just by applying a small initial load to the pole.

In addition, since the spring must be moved in the compression direction when releasing the lock, it is preferable to set the angle α to be small (5° to 30°) in order to keep the spring constant relatively small.

As described above, the initial load for engaging the engaging member 15 with the brake plate 13 is due to the biasing means 19 and is small; however, the tip of the engaging member 15 is
3, when the engaging member 15 tries to rotate regardless of the magnitude of the driving load, a braking force determined by the angle α is generated, which becomes a fixing force and can be firmly locked.

On the other hand, when the lock release switch is turned on during driving and a voltage is applied to the piezoelectric element 26, the piezoelectric element 26 is extended and displaced, and the above-mentioned two displacement amplifying mechanisms work to raise the above-mentioned one end 24a of the actuating means 24. and push up the engagement piece 16. As shown in FIG. 3, the engaging member 15 rotates in the closing direction against the elasticity of the biasing means 19, and the distal end 21 of the engaging member 15 rotates in the closing direction.
is separated from the surface of the brake plate 13. If the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 separates from the brake plate 13 even slightly,
The lock is instantly and completely released, and the scale is attached to member 1.
0 can be moved freely.

Conversely, when the lock release switch is turned off, the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 engages with the brake plate 13 again due to the elasticity of the urging means 19, and from that moment on, the locking state is established.

In this way, engagement and disengagement with the brake plate 13 are performed by locking and releasing by a slight vertical movement of the tip 21 of the engaging member 15. Therefore, the vertical movement of the actuating means 24 can also be minute. The number of points is small and the structure is simple.

In addition, if an operation lock release switch is provided at an appropriate position on the head section 7, turn on the switch, release the lock, freely rotate the scale 8, determine the drawing angle, and then turn off the lock release switch. Then the scale 8 is locked and the angle is determined. In this way, the drawing angle can be controlled by pressing and releasing the lock release switch, and since this operation does not require any great force, the degree of fatigue caused by repeated operations is very small.

Moreover, among the opening and closing rotations of the engaging member 15, the rotation in the opening direction is performed by the biasing means 19, and the actuating means 24 is involved only in driving the engaging member 15 in the closing direction. Therefore, not only the mechanism of the actuating means 24 and its drive control means becomes simple, but also the clearance adjustment described later becomes easy.

(Other Embodiments) [Operating Means] There are many other possible operating means for driving the opening/closing movement of the engagement member 15 in addition to those described above.

For example, instead of the rod-shaped actuating means, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, a U-shaped actuating lever 30 is pivotally supported on both side walls 18b of the holding frame 18, and the actuating lever An actuating member 24 has actuating pieces 31 protruding from both ends of the actuating member 30, and the distal end of the actuating piece 31 is arranged so as to be able to engage with the inclined surface 32a of the outer lower part of the engaging member 15. Then, the actuating lever 30 is rotated to move the actuating piece 31 onto the inclined surface 3.
The engaging member 15 may be configured to be rotated in the closing direction by moving upward along 2a. in this case,
The bottom portion 30a of the actuating lever 30 is always urged by a spring 40 so that the actuating piece 31 moves away from the inclined surface 32a, and the bottom portion 30a is attached by operating a manual lever 41 provided on the head portion 7. The operating piece 31 may be operated against the spring force of the spring 40 to engage with the inclined surface 32a.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, an inclined surface 32b is formed inside the upper end of the engaging member 15, and the tip of the actuating piece 31 protruding from the operating lever 30 is arranged above the inclined surface 32b. A configuration may also be adopted in which the actuating piece 31 is moved downward to rotate the engaging member 15 in the closing direction.

The actuation lever 30 may be manually operated. This is piezoelectric element 2
When used in conjunction with said actuating means 24 driven by
It is convenient because it can be used when an unexpected situation such as a power outage occurs, or when it is necessary to release the lock during packaging and assembly. Since the operating force of the actuating lever 30 only needs to be greater than that of the urging means 19 of the engaging member 15, the degree of fatigue is significantly improved compared to the conventional one, and positional deviation does not occur, making it easy to operate the actuating lever 30. You can get the exact angle.

[Driving Means] Similarly, various modes can be considered for the driving means for driving and controlling the operation of the actuating means 24, in addition to using a piezoelectric element or hand force. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, one end 24a of a rod-shaped actuating means 24 rotatably supported by a support shaft 33a at the upper part of the support wall 22 is disposed below the engagement piece 16 of the engagement member 15, The other end 24b may be connected to the operating rod 35 of the electromagnetic solenoid 34 and the spring 36 so as to be biased in opposite directions. In this case, when not driven, the actuating means 24 is urged by the force of the spring 36 so that the tip of the actuating member 24 is slightly separated from the lower part of the engaging member 16.
is in an open state (locked state).

On the other hand, when the electromagnetic solenoid 34 is energized during driving, the rod 35 moves down and the tip 24a moves up, so the engagement piece 16 of the engagement member 15 is pushed up and the engagement member 15 is closed. direction and the lock is released.

In this case as well, opening and closing of the engaging member 15 can be electrically controlled.

Note that the electromagnetic solenoid 34 and the actuation lever 30 may be used in combination. In this case, as shown in FIG. Like the actuating means 24, it may have a lever configuration, and the actuating rod 35 and spring 36 of the electromagnetic solenoid 34 may be connected to the extended end 30b on the force side so as to urge them in opposite directions.

[Lock and Unlock] By the way, the above-mentioned example relates to a device in which when the movable body (the scale is attached to the member 10) is locked by the engaging member 15 when not being driven, the lock is released by driving the actuating means 24. However, on the contrary, it is also possible to lock the movement of the movable body when it is being driven and to release the lock when it is not being driven. To do this, when not driven, as shown in FIG. 8, the end 24a of the actuating means 24 on the side of the action point is engaged and pressed by the engaging piece 16 of the engaging member 15, so that the engaging member 15 is in the closed state ( When driving, the end portion 24a is moved downward as shown by the dotted line in the figure to release the engagement, and at the same time, the elasticity of the biasing means 19 rotates the engagement member 15 in the opening direction ( (locked state).

Similarly, when using the actuating lever 30 as the actuating means 24, the actuating lever 30 is placed outside the engaging member 15 and on the support shaft 2 as shown in the figure.
An inclined surface 38 is formed on the upper part of the locking jaw 37 provided at the lower position of 0.
or inside the engaging member 15 and the support shaft 2.
An inclined surface 39 is formed at a position above the inclined surface 3.
7. Move the actuating piece 31 of the actuating lever (30) in the vertical direction with respect to either one of 38, and as the actuating lever (30) is driven, the actuating piece 31 slides into contact with the inclined surface 37.38 and engages. The structure may be such that the member 15 is rotated in the opening direction.

In this case, when the piezoelectric element 26 is used as a drive control means for driving and controlling the operation of the actuation means 24, the ninth
As shown in the figure, a mechanism may be adopted in which the expanding member 25 expands and expands in the vertical direction when energized. Similarly, when using an electromagnetic solenoid, the position of the tip of the actuating means, the electromagnetic solenoid at the other end, and the spring may be reversed according to the example shown in FIG.

[Engaging Member] Further, the pair of engaging members 15 may be configured such that the tips thereof have a V-shape. In this case, if the settings are made as shown in Figure 1O (a), the engaging member 15 will be in a locked state when it is biased in the closing direction, and will rotate in the opening direction as shown in Figure 1(b). When it is unlocked. When the movable body 10 is not driven, the engaging member 15 locks the movable body 10, and when the lock is released by driving the actuating means 24, the actuating means 2 of the engaging member 15 operates.
4 and the drive control means for controlling the opening/closing drive may be configured as follows.

That is, while the pair of engaging members 15 is biased in the closing direction by the biasing means 19 made of a tension spring to keep the brake plate 13 in the locked state, the tip 24a of the rod-shaped actuating means (24) is The engaging member 15 is rotated in the opening direction by activating the actuating means (24) by a combination of the piezoelectric element and the expansion mechanism or by a solenoid. The lock may be released by moving the tip to move the tip away from the surface of the brake plate 13.

Further, when employing the actuation lever (30) as the actuation means, as shown in FIGS. 10(a) and (b), the engaging member 1
The outer upper part (above the support shaft 20 position) 32c of the actuating means (30
) may be brought into sliding contact with the inclined surface 32c in the direction of the arrow. Similarly, engaging member 1
An inverted V-shaped inclined surface 32d may be fixed to the inner lower part of the actuator 5, and the tip of the actuating piece 31 may be brought into sliding contact with the inclined surface 32d in the direction of the arrow.

Contrary to the above, when driving, the moving body (the scale is attached to member 1)
0) and release the lock when not driven, as shown in FIG. The upper surface of the engaging piece 16 is engaged and pressed to open the engaging member 15 (unlocked state), and when driving, the end 24
It may be configured such that the engagement member 15 is moved upward to release the engagement, and at the same time the engagement member 15 is rotated in the closing direction by the elasticity of the urging means 19 (locked state).

Similarly, when using the actuating lever 30 as an actuating means, as shown in FIGS.
An inclined surface 32d is formed on the upper outer side of the engaging member 15, or an inclined surface 32e is formed inside the engaging member 15 and below the support shaft 20.
is formed, the actuating piece 31 of the actuating means (30) is moved upward with respect to any of the inclined surfaces, the engaging state of the actuating piece 31 with respect to the said inclined surface is released, and the engaging member 15 is moved by the urging means 19. What is necessary is just to configure it so that it can be rotated in the closing direction.

When using a piezoelectric element to drive the actuating means in this case, it is sufficient to adopt an expanding mechanism in which the diamond-shaped member 25 expands and expands in the vertical direction when energized as shown in FIG. 9. Similarly, an electromagnetic solenoid can be used. In this case, the position of the tip of the actuating means, the electromagnetic solenoid at the other end, and the spring may be reversed according to the example shown in FIG.

In addition, in all the above-mentioned examples, the engagement member 15 has two support shafts 2.
0 directly in a V-shape or inverted V-shape, but the "V-shape" or "inverted V-shape" means that the line connecting the center of rotation and the tip is "C-shaped". For example, the first
As shown in FIG. 1, an example in which a pair of engaging members 15 are arranged in an inverted square shape on a common support shaft 20 is also included.

[Biasing means] Note that when rotating the pair of engaging members 15 so that each tip thereof comes into contact with the surface of the brake plate 13, it is usually sufficient to use a spring with a small elasticity as the biasing means. be. By selecting materials for the brake plate 13 and the engaging member 15 that have a large coefficient of friction with each other, or by forming the abutting portions of both to have a rough surface, the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 can be moved by gravity. If sufficient frictional force can be obtained by simply abutting the brake plate 13 naturally, the biasing means may be gravity.

[Mode of Attachment of Locking Device] In the locking device described above, the scale may be attached by providing the brake plate 13 on the member 10 and the engaging member 15 on the protractor board 11.

Further, a locking device for locking the rotational movement of the protractor board 11 in order to determine the baseline of the drawing is, for example, a locking device for the support substrate 6.
Alternatively, the above-mentioned pair of engaging members, biasing means, actuating means, etc. are provided on the outer edge of the main shaft body 9a fixed thereto via a bracket, and the tip thereof is connected to a protractor (moving body) as in the above example.
The brake plate may be configured to engage and disengage from the brake plate fixed to the brake plate.

Similarly, the cursor 3 supporting the Y rail 4 with respect to the X rail 2, and the cursor 5 supporting the head part 7 mounted with the scale with respect to the Y rail 4, are braked at predetermined positions when moving in a straight line. As a locking device for locking, the brake plate is fixed along the Y rail 4 or the X rail 2, and the above-mentioned pair of An engaging member, a biasing means, an actuating means, etc. may be provided, and the distal end thereof may be formed to engage or separate from the surface of the brake plate in accordance with opening and closing of the engaging member.

In the case of normal line drawing work, the locking device or scale is attached to the Y rail 4 or Sometimes lock,
It is preferable to control the lock so that it is unlocked during driving. In this way, by selecting one depending on whether the brake is applied for a long time or the brake is released for a long time, power consumption can be reduced.

(Lock Adjustment) Next, when rotating the engaging member 15 to separate its tips from the brake plate 13, the clearance between the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 and the brake plate 13 is too far apart. In this case, a time lag occurs during driving, resulting in a lack of quick response. Therefore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned clearance be as small as possible. However, if the batch amount is adjusted for this purpose, the accuracy will vary from drawing machine to drawing machine. It is preferable to adjust the clearance as follows.

■In the case of locking when not driving and releasing when driving, first, the 12th
As shown in the figure, the lower end of the diamond-shaped member 25 of the enlarging mechanism is attached by fixing the piece 28 and the support wall 22 with screws 41 in advance. Then, as shown in FIG.
is applied, and the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 is brought into contact thereon. In this state, when the adjusting screw 46 is screwed in through the screw hole 45 formed in the actuating means 24 and further screwed in after its tip hits the upper surface 22a of the support wall 22, the actuating means 24 rotates around the fulcrum part 23. As it moves, the tip 24a on the side of the action point hits the engagement piece 16 of the engagement member 15, and the engagement member 15 starts to move. At this time, screwing in the adjustment screw 29 is stopped. Next, the end 2 of the actuating means 24 on the force side
The upper end of the diamond-shaped member 25 is attached to the end 24b of the actuating means 24 by inserting the fixing screw 29 through the elongated hole 46 formed in the vertical direction in the piece 27.
and are fixed with screws 29. This completes the adjustment work. After adjustment, the adjustment screw 29 is removed. Same figure (b)
shows the state after adjustment.

■When driven - locked, when not driven - released In this case,
As shown in FIG. 14 (al), an adjustment plate 44 that is slightly thicker than the brake plate 13 is placed on the locking surface 14a, and the tip 21 of the engaging member 15 is brought into contact with it.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 12, the adjustment screw 46 may be screwed in through the screw hole 45 formed in the actuating means 24, and the adjustment may be made in the same manner as described above. The figure (b) shows the state after adjustment.

Note that adjustment can be made in the same manner when using an electromagnetic solenoid.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a locking device for a drawing machine according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the above-mentioned drawing machine taken along the line x-X, and Fig. 3
4 is a front view of the locking device, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the combination of the piezoelectric element and the enlarging mechanism, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the combination of the electromagnetic solenoid and the actuating means, and FIG. Figure 7 is an explanatory diagram of a combination of the operating lever and electromagnetic solenoid, Figure 8 is an explanatory diagram of another locking manner, and Figure 9
The figures are explanatory diagrams of other enlargement mechanisms, Fig. 10 (a) (b)
11 is an explanatory diagram of another attachment mode of the engaging member, FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of an adjustment mode of the lock operating means, and FIGS. 13(a) (b) ) and FIG. 14(b) are explanatory views of the adjustment mode of the lock engagement member, respectively.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A drawing machine includes one component and a movable body that rotates or moves in a straight line with respect to the component, a brake plate is fixed to one of the component or the movable body, and a brake plate is fixed to one of the component or the movable body. On the other side of the movable body, there is a pair that faces the surface of the brake plate and can be rotated to open and close in the moving direction of the movable body, and a line connecting the center of rotation and the tip is formed in a V-shape or an inverted V-shape. and an actuating means for urging the engaging member in the closing or opening direction by a biasing means and rotating the engaging member in the opposite direction against the biasing means. A locking device for a movable body in a drafting machine, characterized in that a tip of the engaging member is formed so as to engage with or separate from the surface of the brake plate in response to opening and closing of the engaging member. (2) The drawing machine according to claim 1, wherein the component is a support substrate of a scale installation head or a member fixed to the support substrate, and the movable body is a protractor of the installation head. Locking device for mobile objects. (3) Claim (1) wherein the component is a protractor of the mounting head, and the movable body is a scale mounting member.
) A locking device for a movable body in the drawing machine described in ). (4) A locking device for a movable body in a drawing machine according to claim (1), wherein the component is an X rail provided on a drawing board, and the movable body is a cursor on a Y rail that moves along the X rail. . (5) The movable body in the drawing machine according to claim (1), wherein the component is a Y rail provided on a drawing board, and the movable body is a cursor of the mounting head that moves along the Y rail. locking device. (6) The locking device for a movable body in a drafting machine according to claim (1), wherein the actuating means is driven by manual operation. (7) A locking device for a movable body in a drafting machine according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the actuating means is driven by an electromagnetic solenoid. (8) A locking device for a movable body in a drawing machine according to any one of claims (1) to (3), wherein the actuating means is driven by a piezoelectric element combined with an enlarging mechanism.