JPH03199501A - Paving thickness measurement device in grounding levelling device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To accurately measure the paving thickness by determining the difference between the absolute height of each measurement point, based on detection values from an angle sensor provided on a reference member that is mounted on a running car, and from a remote distance sensor. CONSTITUTION:A reference member 51 is mounted on a levelling arm 11 by which a grounding levelling device of a running car is suspended, so as to rotate freely within a vertical face along running direction, and so as to be attached or detached freely. The reference member 51 is then bridged between two points on a road surface, and the tilt angle is detected by an angle sensor 59. The distance from each point to the road surface is detected by remote distance sensors 60, 77 fixed on the reference member 51 in a certain interval. The difference between the absolute height of each measurement point on the road surface is determined based on these data. These data are accumulated in a paving thickness calculating device, and the paving thickness is calculated based on the difference in height between two point at the time of non- pavement, and on that after one of them is paved.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a leveling machine such as an asphalt finisher that measures pavement thickness accurately and quickly to achieve economical and high-quality pavement. This article relates to a pavement thickness measuring device for a leveling machine.

[Prior Art] FIG. 9 shows an asphalt finisher having a conventional pavement thickness measuring device, in which a pair of left and right crawler devices 2 are disposed below a traveling vehicle 1. As shown in FIG. These crawler devices 2 each have a support shaft 3 and a drive shaft 4 arranged in the front and back, and each 2.
A pair of front and rear guide devices 6. having two guide rollers 5.5.
7, and a plurality of crawler links 8 connected endlessly and stretched around each of the shafts 3.4 and the guide rollers 5.
The rotation of the engine installed inside the traveling vehicle 1 is transmitted from the gearbox to the drive shaft 4 via the intermediate shaft and chain, thereby rotating the rotation around each shaft 3.4 and the guide roller 5. An endless crawler link 8 revolves around the asphalt finisher AP.

A hopper 9 is installed at the front of the vehicle I, and the asphalt mixture fed into the hopper 9 is fed to the rear of the vehicle 1 by a pair of left and right feeders (not shown). A pair of left and right screws 1 placed in
It is conveyed to the front position of 0. A pair of leveling arms It are provided on both sides of the traveling vehicle l so as to be able to swing up and down within a vertical plane along the longitudinal direction of the traveling vehicle l, centering on each pivot shaft 12,
At the rear ends of these leveling arms 11, a pair of screeds 13 are installed, which are shifted back and forth and extendable left and right, and are suspended via a screed frame 14 so that their mounting angles can be adjusted within a vertical plane. ing.

Furthermore, each leveling arm l! The tips of rods of a pair of left and right screed cylinders 15 whose base ends are rotatably connected to the upper rear end of the traveling vehicle l are rotatably connected to the rear end portion, and these screed cylinders 15 By operating each screed 13, the above-mentioned axis! 2
Each screed cylinder 15 can move up and down around
It is in a state where it can expand and contract freely without applying +.

Further, a guide shaft 16 is attached to the base end 11a of the leveling arm 11 in parallel with the pivot shaft 12, and guide rollers 17,
18 is rotatably attached.

A guide member 19 installed in the vertical direction of the traveling vehicle body l is inserted between these guide rollers 17 and 18, and the guide roller 17 on the side of the pivot shaft 12
is always in contact with one side of this guide member 19. Further, between the traveling vehicle body 1 and the base end 11a of the leveling arm 11, a lifting cylinder 20 has an end 20a,
20b is pivotally connected, and by expanding and contracting this elevating cylinder 20, the base end 11a of the leveling arm 11 is raised and lowered along the guide part 4t19, avoiding a change in the height of the pivot 12, and paving. The angle (attack angle) between the bottom surface of the screed 13 and the horizontal surface can be adjusted in four ways.

In this asphalt finisher, while the vehicle is running, asphalt mixture (paving material) is fed into a hopper installed in the vehicle and fed to a rear screw by a pair of left and right feeders, where it is uniformly distributed left and right. Spread it out and level it with a screed.

By the way, when paving roads with a leveling machine such as the asphalt finisher mentioned above, if the pavement thickness is thinner than the design value, the pavement strength will be weakened, and conversely, if it is thicker than the design value, there will be no problem with the pavement strength. However, there are drawbacks such as increased consumption of asphalt mixture and economic losses. Therefore, when paving roads, it is necessary to proceed with the work while checking from time to time whether the pavement thickness is as designed.

Conventionally, such work was carried out by a worker different from the one operating the asphalt finisher, who inserted a gauge rod whose insertion distance was adjusted to the target pavement thickness into the constructed pavement. Previously, the length was checked, but this required a lot of manpower and was a major hindrance to efforts to save labor.Additionally, it could not be connected to a mechanism that automatically controlled the pavement thickness. . Furthermore, not only is the paving that has been constructed damaged, but the thickness of the pavement cannot be checked continuously, and this checking process itself requires skill.

Therefore, as a device for measuring pavement thickness accurately and without manpower, the present applicant proposed a pavement thickness measuring device as shown in the same figure and FIG.
No. 4).

That is, a first linear sensor 26 and a second linear sensor 27 are rotatably attached to the base end IIa and the center of each leveling arm 11 via the mounting brackets 2+, 22, shaft pins 23, 24, and mounting plate 25, respectively. It is set in. The mounting positions of the linear sensors 26 and 27 are the pivot point Q,
P, that is, an extension of the line connecting the centers of the shaft bins 23 and 24 (hereinafter referred to as the basic line Q), and the front and rear screeds L 3,1
If the intersection with the perpendicular line at the rear end of 3 is O, then Ol)
-f) It is set to be Q. In this example, the pair of left and right screeds 13 are installed shifted back and forth, so the relative position 1 of the pivot point Q, 2) and the intersection O is indicated by -, and the left leveling arm 1 2 and the right IF7 of screed 13 in leveling arm 11?
The whole unit is shifted by nJ in the overall direction of the traveling vehicle 1 by the length of &, and each unit is arranged in this way, but there is no difference in the basic configuration between the left and right ones, so The left leveling arm 11 will be explained below. Further, the screed frame I4 is attached to the rear end of the leveling arm 10 via the mounting member 28 and the pin 28a, and as described above, the screed frame 14 can be rotated by a minute angle with respect to the leveling arm 11. However, at normal operating angle, point O
can be considered to be on the reference line e, and the distance from the point O to the lower surface of the screed 13 is constant (=L).

Screed frame 14 and these linear sensors 26.
27 is telescopically formed from a cylindrical member 29 and a bar-shaped member 30 that slide against each other, and converts the relative displacement thereof into an electric signal. are pivotally connected to the connecting member 31. This connecting member 31 is attached to the front frame 1a and the rear frame 1b of the traveling vehicle body l, with mounting brackets 32, 32 and cushion rubbers 32a and 32g each having an angular cross section.
It is installed via a bolt and a nut I, and directly below the pivot point of the rod-shaped member 30 is a laser sensor (remote distance sensor) that detects the distance to the road surface.
33 and 34 are attached respectively. The linear sensors 26, 27 and the laser sensors 33, 34 constitute a road distance meter 35, and an angle sensor 36 is installed on the leveling arm II to detect its inclination angle. Detection outputs of 26, 27, laser sensors 33, 34, and angle sensor 36 are manually input to a pavement thickness calculation device 37.

As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 11, this pavement thickness calculating device 37i includes the above-mentioned sensors 2G, 27, 33, 34.
An A/D (analog-to-digital) converter 38 that manually converts the analog output of 36 into a digital output; 110 where the output is human-powered (human-powered ~
output interface) 40, a calculation unit 41 that performs calculations based on data from this I10 interface 40;
, a data storage section 42 that inputs and stores the numerical value obtained by this calculating section 41 and outputs it to the calculating section 41; 110 interface 44 for processing data to be sent to a display device 43. This pavement thickness calculation device 37 includes each linear sensor 26, which is manually operated.
27. Of the data from the laser sensor 33, 34, and angle sensor 36, the count value of the odometer 39 is the length O of the reference line Q.
Data obtained every time the road surface distance corresponding to Q increases by 1/2 (-jl) is sequentially manually calculated. That is, the measurement value of the first linear sensor 26 for the nth time is an s, the measurement value of the second linear sensor 28 is bns, the measurement value of the th loser sensor 33 is Xn s, the measurement value of the second laser sensor 34 is y
The value obtained by converting the measured value of the r11 angle sensor 36 into the inclination p1 degree of the reference line e with respect to the horizontal line is θ. Then, these data input as analog signals such as voltage are converted into digital signals by the A/D converter 38 and sent to the calculation section 41. The calculation unit 41 performs the following calculations based on these data.

δH-bn+yn 10 x・tanon an x
n''41) Then, this δ1 is sent to the data storage unit 42 and stored therein.Then, the previous calculated value δn-+ is called from this storage unit, and the newly measured an.

bn, Xn, Yn, θ. From the data, the pavement thickness Ln at the n-th measurement position is calculated according to the following formula.

jn ”bn +Yn+δ, -, -5-tanθn
L(2) These formulas will be explained with reference to FIG. 12. The legs of the perpendicular to the unpaved road surface from points 0, P, and Q at the nth measurement position are A, B, C1 and point B.

The absolute height difference at C is δ. , if the distance (constant) from point 0 to the bottom surface of the screed is L, then PI3+s+-
tanθ, -QC+δn ”'”' (3) holds true. Here, P [3= bll + Fn ・++ +++ (4
)Q C= all + Xn +・+ +++ (5
) Therefore, by substituting these into equation (3), we obtain the equation (ri).Also, similarly, OA+mtanθ,=PB+δn −,・−・−・−(
6) Since OA = L + Ln -- (7) holds, equations (4) and (7) are substituted into equation (6) to obtain equation (2). That is, each linear sensor 26.
Reference parts for 27! The distance between the pivot points to AC
Since the difference in absolute height between point A and point B is expressed as δn in the measurement for each traveling distance l, the difference in height when one is unpaved and the difference when one is paved is The pavement thickness t can be determined by comparing the difference after the calculation.

The pavement thickness t calculated in this way is output to the pavement thickness display device t43 via the I10 interface 44.

According to this device, it is possible to obtain the height difference based on absolute horizontality at the same point when it is unpaved and when one side is paved, so by comparing these, the exact pavement thickness can be determined. Based on this, the pavement thickness can be easily managed, speeding up the paving work and saving labor, and making it possible to perform pavement with better quality.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, in such a pavement thickness measuring device,
There were issues to be resolved as follows.

In other words, since the connecting member is suspended from the leveling arm, the number of parts is large, the structure is complicated, and each road distance meter must consist of two sensors, so a large number of sensors are required. . Additionally, because the mounting position of the sensor changes depending on the shape and length of the leveling arm, the constant used to calculate the pavement thickness changes, so it was necessary to reset it by actually measuring it each time. Furthermore, since the leveling arm receives loads during paving work, it tends to undergo elastic or plastic deformation, resulting in problems such as unstable measurement values.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a traveling vehicle that supplies paving material to a road surface and spreads it out to pave the road surface, and a vehicle that supplies a paving material to a road surface, and a vehicle that supplies paving material to the road surface, A reference member is rotatably installed in a vertical plane along the running direction so as to span the surface and an unpaved road surface, a sensor detects the inclination angle of this reference member, and a distance is set between the reference member and the unpaved road surface. The difference in absolute height between the measurement points on each road surface is calculated from remote distance sensors that are fixedly installed facing multiple road surfaces, and the measurement values of each measurement distance and angle sensor, and this data is accumulated.
A pavement thickness calculation device is provided that calculates the pavement thickness from the height difference when the point is unpaved and the height difference after one side is paved, and the reference member is attached to the traveling vehicle body in the traveling direction. The leveling arm is configured to be detachably attached to a leveling arm that is rotatable in a vertical plane along the horizontal plane and suspends the leveling device.

[Function] In such a pavement thickness measuring device, the means for measuring the distance to the road surface measures at least two points on the unpaved road surface and at least one point on the decorative road surface on the reference member at a certain point in time. The distance from to the road surface is measured. Then, in the pavement thickness calculation device, the difference in height at each measurement point is calculated from each measurement distance and the measurement value of the angle sensor, and the data of this difference is accumulated. And from the calculated values, extract the difference in height between two points when unpaved and the difference in height after one is paved at a certain point based on the distance traveled, etc. The thickness is calculated.

The reference member is removable from the leveling arm, so when necessary, you only need to select the one that matches the model of the leveling machine and attach it, and you can attach accessories such as distance sensors in advance. .

[Embodiment] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 8. Note that the structure of the asphalt finisher AP is basically the same as the conventional example, so a description thereof will be omitted.

In these figures, 51 is a reference member, which is formed into a hollow corner column shape from a lightweight and highly tough material such as an aluminum alloy. At its front end, left and right side plates 52 are provided.
A sensor support member 54 consisting of a bottom plate 53 having a cross-shaped shape when viewed from the side and connecting the lower ends of the side plates 52 is fixed with bolts.

A first shaft member 55 is provided to protrude from one side plate 52,
A easily removable bearing 56 is provided at its tip. This easily attachable/detachable bearing 56 is used by being connected to a second shaft member 57 provided protruding from the side surface of the leveling arm 11, and is attached/detachable by moving a cover 58 having a circumferential groove inside in the axial direction. It is designed to do this.

An angle sensor 59 for detecting the inclination angle is attached to the horizontal part of the bottom plate 53, and an angle sensor 59 for detecting the distance from the opposing surface (ground) is attached to the vertical part. An ultrasonic sensor (remote distance sensor) 60 is attached. The position of the second shaft member 57 of the leveling arm 11 is preferably the same as the center of rotation (pivot 12) of the leveling arm 11, but there is no problem even if it is shifted as in the illustrated example.

On the side surface of the screed frame 14, pin support parts are provided at the upper and lower ends, and a support fitting 62 is provided to vertically and detachably support the pin 61 chained to the screed frame 14.
This pin 61 is provided with a pair of vibros 3a,
A connecting fitting 64, in which the connecting fittings 63b are connected by a plate-like member, is inserted through one of the vibros 3a and is attached to be rotatable around the pin 61 within a horizontal plane. An arm holder member 65 is inserted and attached to the other vibro 3b of the connecting fitting 64 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. This arm holder member 65 has a connecting rod 66 inserted through the other tube 63b, and is attached to the upper end of this connecting rod 66 to form the base member 5! A support member 67 with a U-shaped cross section that sandwiches the support member 67, and a pair of first cam frames attached to the tip of a shaft 69 supported by a first side plate 68 of the support member 67 and rotatably provided in a vertical plane. The screed slide plate 7 is attached to the lower end of the lower 70 and the connecting rod 66! The second cam foot 73 is attached to one of the second side plates 72 and comes into contact with the upper end of the screed slide plate 71. The screed slide plate 71 is a vertical plate attached to the left and right screeds 13, and even when the screed 13 is expanded or contracted to change the paving width, the screed slide plate 71
The cam follower 73 is always in contact with the screed slide plate 71, and is oriented such that the height position of the rear end of the reference member 51 relative to the lower surface of the screed is kept constant.

A sensor support member 76 consisting of a side plate 74 and a bottom plate 75, which are substantially the same as the front end portion, is attached to the center in the length direction of the reference member 51, and a second ultrasonic sensor (remote distance sensor) 77 is provided at the vertical portion of the sensor support member 76. It is being

The two remote distance sensors 60, 77 and the angle sensor 5
The detection output No. 9 is input to a pavement thickness calculation device 78. (See Figure 8) This pavement thickness calculation device 78
Of the input data of each ultrasonic sensor 60, 77 and angle sensor 59, the data obtained every time the count value of the odometer 39 increases by the horizontal distance (=I) between the ultrasonic sensors is input sequentially. and calculate. That is, the nth measurement value of the first ultrasonic sensor 60 is an, and the second ultrasonic sensor 7 is
The measured value of 7 is l)ns The measured value of the angle sensor 59 (a value converted to an inclination angle with respect to the horizontal line) θ. Then, these data input as analog signals such as voltage are converted into A/
The calculation unit 4 converts it into a digital signal using the D converter 38! send to

The calculation unit 41 performs the following calculations based on these data. (See Figure 7) an - (bn - a
n)cos(Jp+z-sinθn-(8) Then, this δ. is sent to the data storage unit 43 and stored.

Then, the previous calculated value δn-+ is called from this storage unit 43, and a is newly measured and calculated. , bo, θ. From the data, the pavement thickness tn at the nth measurement position is
Calculate according to the following formula:

t, =b, -t,'-+ (δn-+l'Sr
nθn )/cosθn (9) Distance between the F end of the ultrasonic sensor 60.77 and the road surface, which can be divided into rope and frame wall conditions (the distance is set to be the same, and the distance between the bottom surface of the screed and the sensor at this time is The vertical distance from the bottom edge is L' (constant)
It is said that

The above equation will be explained with reference to FIG.

At the nth measurement position, the intersection of the center line Q° of the base or member 51 and the unpaved road surface is A1, the intersection with the paved road surface is Ao, the lower end of the second ultrasonic sensor 77 is I), 1. The lower end of the ultrasonic sensor 60 is Q, the intersection of the straight line Q° and the straight line QP is 01. The opposing point of the ultrasonic sensor 77 to the road surface is B, C.
, the difference in height between points B and C is δ. , OA' length is L' (constant), then bncosθn+-5inθ11
= an cos θ. Ten δ.

......(10) (L' + tll) cosθn +x-sinθ
n=blcosθn +δn −1 (11)
holds true. Note that the equation (lO) is the height of the point Q with respect to the point B, and the equation (11) is the height of the point P with respect to the point A. Also, the thickness tn measured here is not the thickness in the vertical direction, but the thickness in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal part of the leveling arm 2, and the value of the thickness tn in the vertical direction is within the following range. .

tncosθn≦tn゛≦tn /cosθ,...
(12) As for the value of pavement thickness, [n], which is a value measured along the slope of the road surface, seems to be closer, but any value may be used.

As described above, since the distances in the traveling direction between the first ultrasonic sensor 60 and the second ultrasonic sensor 77 and between the second ultrasonic sensor 77 and the center of the lower surface of the screed 13 are set equal, the n-th measurement I The difference in absolute height between the two points when unpaved is represented by an, and the difference in height after paving is determined in the next measurement, and these differences become the pavement thickness.

In the above calculation formula, the slope of the road surface is measured by the odometer 39
In the method of the present invention, since the measurement interval shoulders are set along the leveling arm 11, there is no need to carry out Uramasa (less).

- tn obtained as described in ! 10 (input/output) is sent to the interface 44 and converted into an analog signal, and then sent to the liquid crystal (LCD) installed in the driver's seat S etc.
), etc., and is sent to the pavement thickness display device 43 and displayed.

These measurement data, which are input to the pavement thickness calculation device 78 when the jl value of the odometer 39 increases by a constant value (= 1), are adopted as data of the same system. By collecting and calculating data from multiple systems at travel intervals smaller than this distance l, pavement thickness can be measured almost continuously.

When paving a road with asphalt using an asphalt finisher AP equipped with the above-described pavement thickness measuring device, as in the past, while the vehicle is running at a constant speed, the asphalt mixture charged into the hopper 9 is fed into the feeder ( (not shown) to the screw 10 and uniformly supplied to the front part of the screed 13. At this time, the screed frame summer 4 and the mounting member 2 at the rear end of the leveling arm 11
A mounting angle adjusting device (not shown) provided between the screed cylinder 15 and the screed cylinder 15 is adjusted appropriately, and the screed cylinder 15 is left in a free state. As a result, the screed 13
The asphalt mixture is pushed upward by the resistance, and the asphalt mixture is compressed by the weight of the screed cylinder, but the inclination state of each leveling arm If is determined by the balance between the resistance and the weight of the screed 13. The angle (attack angle) that the bottom surface of the screed 13 makes with the horizontal plane is determined, and the asphalt mixture is spread on the road to a predetermined paving thickness.

At this time, in the pavement thickness calculation device 78, the detected values of the ultrasonic sensors 60, 77 and the angle sensor 59, an, b
n, θ. is connected to the I10 interface 40 via the A/D converter 38, and the output of the odometer 39 is directly connected to the I10 interface 40.
0 interface 40, and these data are continuously sent to the arithmetic unit 41. and calculation section 4
1, data is selected every time the measured value of the odometer 39 increases by l, and δ is calculated according to equation (8). is calculated and stored in the data storage section 42. Then, the previous calculated value δn
-1 and the current measured value, the pavement thickness tn is calculated according to equation (9).
is calculated and output to the pavement thickness display device 43 via the I10 interface 44 for display. This process sequentially selects data from multiple systems and performs calculations based on them, so pavement thickness is continuously measured and displayed.

The operator can proceed with the paving work while checking the displayed value of the pavement thickness tn.

In the above example, the road distance meter 35 is replaced by the ultrasonic sensor 60.
．． Since it is composed of only non-contact type sensors such as 77, and the sensor support members 54 and 76 are used to measure from relatively close to the road surface, the sensor has sufficient directivity and accurate measurement. value is obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the present invention provides a traveling vehicle that supplies paving material to a road surface and spreads it evenly to pave the road surface, and a vehicle that applies paving material to a paved road surface and an unpaved road surface. a reference member rotatably installed in a vertical plane along the running direction so as to span over the vehicle; a sensor that detects the inclination angle of the reference member;
Using remote distance sensors fixedly installed on this reference member facing multiple road surfaces at intervals, and the measurement values of each measured distance and angle sensor, the absolute height difference between the measurement points on each road surface is calculated, and this data is A pavement thickness calculation device is provided which calculates the pavement thickness from the difference in height between two points when it is unpaved and the difference in height after one of the points is paved. It is configured to be detachably attached to a leveling arm that is rotatably provided on the vehicle body in a vertical plane along the running direction and suspends the leveling device, so it , the difference in height with respect to the absolute horizontal after one side is paved can be obtained, so by comparing these, the accurate pavement thickness can be obtained, and based on this, the pavement thickness can be easily determined. This system speeds up paving work, saves labor, and allows for better quality paving. Since the remote distance sensor is attached to the reference member, there is no need to use a complicated mechanical structure like the conventional connecting member.
Further, since the distance meter only needs to have a remote distance sensor, the number of sensors can be reduced, the cost of parts can be reduced, and highly accurate measured values with little need for correction can be obtained. For example, even if the leveling arm is installed on a leveling machine with different shapes and lengths, all you have to do is change the position of the second remote distance sensor in the center and change the setting of the constant l. Highly adaptable to machine types. In addition, the leveling arm receives loads during paving work, but since the reference member is provided separately, it does not undergo elastic or plastic deformation, making it possible to always obtain stable measured values. It is effective.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the main parts of a pavement thickness measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the main parts, and FIG. Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the main part of Fig. 1, Fig. 5 is a v-■ arrow view of Fig. 4, and Fig. 6 is a view of V of Fig. 5.
l-Vl arrow view, Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the mechanism for calculating pavement thickness, Fig. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the pavement thickness measuring device, Fig. 9 and Fig. 1O are diagrams showing the conventional example, Fig. 11 This figure shows the configuration of a conventional pavement thickness calculation device, and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an outline of pavement thickness calculation. l... Running vehicle, 11... Leveling arm, 13... Screed, 51...
- Reference member, 59...Angle sensor, 60.77...Ultrasonic sensor (remote distance sensor), 78...Pavement thickness calculation device.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A traveling vehicle that supplies paving material to the road surface and spreads it evenly to pave the road surface, and a vehicle that can freely rotate within a vertical plane along the traveling direction so that it spans the paved road surface and the unpaved road surface. A reference member installed in From the measured values, we calculate the absolute height difference between the measurement points on each road surface and accumulate this data.
The reference member is provided with a pavement thickness calculation device that calculates the pavement thickness from the difference in height between two points when the two points are unpaved and the difference in height after one of the points is paved. A pavement thickness measuring device for a leveling machine, characterized in that it is detachably attached to a leveling arm that is rotatable in a vertical plane along the running direction and suspends the leveling device.