JPH0320029B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0320029B2 JPH0320029B2 JP24857683A JP24857683A JPH0320029B2 JP H0320029 B2 JPH0320029 B2 JP H0320029B2 JP 24857683 A JP24857683 A JP 24857683A JP 24857683 A JP24857683 A JP 24857683A JP H0320029 B2 JPH0320029 B2 JP H0320029B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- negative electrode
- positive electrode
- layer
- pellet
- pellets
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/30—Deferred-action cells
- H01M6/36—Deferred-action cells containing electrolyte and made operational by physical means, e.g. thermal cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は正極に硫化物を、負極にリチウム合金
を用いる熱電池の改良にかかわるものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in a thermal battery using a sulfide as a positive electrode and a lithium alloy as a negative electrode.
従来、熱電池を構成する素電池は正極層・電解
質層・負極層の三層を一体に成形した三層ペレツ
トを用いるか、正極層，電解質層，負極層を別々
に成形した単層ペレツトを、３枚積層するかの２
通りがあつた。前者の三層ペレツトを用いるもの
では、三層ペレツト成形時、正極の硫化物と負極
のリチウム合金は共に電導性があるため、ペレツ
トの側面などで両者が接触した絶縁不良の素電池
が多数発生する欠点があつた。絶縁不良のペレツ
トはペレツト側面を研磨して、絶縁不良をなくす
る方法もあるが、手間がかかり、絶縁不良も完全
になくならない欠点があつた。 Conventionally, unit cells that make up thermal batteries have either used three-layer pellets, which are formed by integrally forming the three layers of a positive electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer, or single-layer pellets, which have formed the positive electrode layer, electrolyte layer, and negative electrode layer separately. , 2 of laminating 3 sheets
The street was hot. In the former three-layer pellet, when the three-layer pellet is formed, the sulfide in the positive electrode and the lithium alloy in the negative electrode are both electrically conductive, resulting in many unit cells with poor insulation due to contact between the two on the sides of the pellet. There was a drawback. For pellets with poor insulation, there is a method of polishing the side surfaces of the pellets to eliminate the defective insulation, but this method is time-consuming and has the drawback that the defective insulation cannot be completely eliminated.
後者の単層ペレツトを別々に成形する方法は、
各構成層が薄くなるために機械的強度が低く、取
扱い中に割れやすいという欠点があり、本質的に
薄形の素電池の構成は困難であつた。 The latter method of separately molding single-layer pellets is
Since each of the constituent layers is thin, it has low mechanical strength and is easily broken during handling, making it essentially difficult to construct a thin unit cell.
本発明はこれら欠点を解消するものであり、正
型層と電解質層とを一体に成形した正極側ペレツ
トと、電解質層と負極層とを一体に成形した負極
側ペレツトとの２枚のペレツトを積層して、１素
電池を構成するものである。正極層と負極層とは
別々のペレツトになつているので、両者が密接に
接触することはなく、絶縁不良になることはな
い。また強度の低い正極層や負極層でも、強度の
高い電解質層と一体に成形されているので取扱い
が容易であり、薄形化も可能となつた。 The present invention solves these drawbacks by forming two pellets: a positive electrode pellet in which a positive layer and an electrolyte layer are integrally molded, and a negative electrode pellet in which an electrolyte layer and a negative electrode layer are integrally molded. They are stacked to form a single cell battery. Since the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer are formed into separate pellets, they will not come into close contact with each other, and insulation failure will not occur. Furthermore, since the positive electrode layer and negative electrode layer, which have low strength, are integrally molded with the high strength electrolyte layer, they are easy to handle and can be made thinner.
本発明に用いる正極活物質としては硫化鉄や二
硫化鉄、硫化ニツケル等の硫化物が好ましい。こ
れれらの硫化物は電導性がある特徴がある。 As the positive electrode active material used in the present invention, sulfides such as iron sulfide, iron disulfide, and nickel sulfide are preferable. These sulfides are characterized by electrical conductivity.
又リチウム合金としてはリチウム−アルミニウ
ム合金，リチウム−ケイ素合金あるいはリチウム
−ホウ素合金などががあり、通常粉末状である。 Lithium alloys include lithium-aluminum alloys, lithium-silicon alloys, and lithium-boron alloys, and are usually in powder form.
電解質層は352℃の共融点を持つLiCl−KClの
共晶塩に、流動をおさえるために酸化マグネシウ
ムを混合させたものである。 The electrolyte layer is made of LiCl-KCl eutectic salt, which has a eutectic point of 352°C, mixed with magnesium oxide to suppress flow.
以下本発明の実施例につき図面とともに説明す
る。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図は正極側ペレツトＡの断面図であり、二
硫化鉄70％とLiCl−KCl共晶塩30％からなる正極
層１と、LiCl−KCl共晶塩60％と酸化マグネシウ
ム40％からなる電解質層２から構成されている。 Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of positive electrode pellet A, with positive electrode layer 1 consisting of 70% iron disulfide and 30% LiCl-KCl eutectic salt, and 60% LiCl-KCl eutectic salt and 40% magnesium oxide. It is composed of an electrolyte layer 2.
第２図は負極側ペレツトＢの断面図であり、電
解質層２′と、リチウム−アルミニウム合金から
なる負極層４から構成されている。正極側ペレツ
トと負極側ペレツトはいずれも直径50mmで厚さが
0.8mmであり、成形金型にまず電解質粉末を充填
し、つぎに正極原料粉末もしくは負極原料粉末を
充填して1.5t／cm2の圧力で成形したものである。 FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the negative electrode pellet B, which is composed of an electrolyte layer 2' and a negative electrode layer 4 made of a lithium-aluminum alloy. The positive and negative pellets are both 50 mm in diameter and thick.
The molding die was first filled with electrolyte powder, then filled with positive electrode raw material powder or negative electrode raw material powder, and molded at a pressure of 1.5 t/cm 2 .
第３図は積層電池の断面図である。 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stacked battery.
正極側ペレツトＡと負極側ペレツトＢを電解質
層が内側になるように組合せて１素電池を構成
し、発熱剤５を包んだ接続板６と交互に積層す
る。７は正極集電板であつて、正極側ペレツトＡ
の正極層１に接しており、リード線を介して正極
端子９に接続されている。８は負極集電板であつ
て、負極側ペレツトＢの負極層４に接しており、
リード線を介して負極端子１０に接続されてい
る。１１は点火玉であつて、１２は点火用端子で
ある。１３はステンレス鋼からなる電池ケースで
あつて、１４はステンレス鋼からなる電池カバー
である。電池ケース１３と積層体との間には石綿
あるいはセラミツクフアイバーからなる断熱体１
５が充填されている。 A single cell is constructed by combining positive electrode pellets A and negative electrode pellets B with the electrolyte layer on the inside, and is alternately stacked with connection plates 6 in which exothermic agent 5 is wrapped. 7 is a positive electrode current collector plate, and the positive electrode side pellet A
It is in contact with the positive electrode layer 1 of , and is connected to the positive electrode terminal 9 via a lead wire. 8 is a negative electrode current collector plate, which is in contact with the negative electrode layer 4 of the negative electrode side pellet B;
It is connected to the negative electrode terminal 10 via a lead wire. 11 is an ignition ball, and 12 is an ignition terminal. 13 is a battery case made of stainless steel, and 14 is a battery cover made of stainless steel. A heat insulator 1 made of asbestos or ceramic fiber is provided between the battery case 13 and the laminate.
5 is filled.
本発明になる正極側ペレツトと負極側ペレツト
とに分けた素電池では絶縁不良は０であるが、従
来の三層一体ペレツトからなる素電池では100個
の内10個の絶縁不良がが生じた。この絶縁不良の
素電池10個の側面の研磨をしても、なお２個の絶
縁不良が生じた。この絶縁不良は素電池側面での
正極層と負極層の原料粉末の混合による接触が原
因であつた。本発明電池においては、正極ペレツ
トと負極ペレツトが別の工程で製造されるため
に、正極層と負極層の混合は起り得ない。また三
層を別々に製造することは一層の厚さが薄くなり
すぎて割れやすく実用的ではなかつた。 In the unit cell according to the present invention, which is divided into a positive electrode side pellet and a negative electrode side pellet, there were no insulation defects, but in the conventional unit cell consisting of three-layer integrated pellets, insulation defects occurred in 10 out of 100 cells. . Even after polishing the sides of the 10 cells with poor insulation, two defects still occurred. This poor insulation was caused by contact between the raw material powders of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer on the sides of the unit cell due to mixing. In the battery of the present invention, since the positive electrode pellets and the negative electrode pellets are manufactured in separate steps, mixing of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer cannot occur. Furthermore, manufacturing the three layers separately would be impractical because each layer would be too thin and would easily break.
第１図は本発明の一実施例を示す正極側ペレツ
トＡの断面図であり、第２図は負極側ペレツトＢ
の断面図である。第３図は本発明の一実施例を示
す熱電池の断面図である。
１……正極層、２，２′……電解質層、４……
負極層、５……発熱剤、６……接続板、７……正
極集電板、８……負極集電板、９……正極端子、
１０……負極端子、１１……点火玉、１２……点
火用端子、１３……電池ケース、１４……電池カ
バー、１５……断熱体、Ａ……正極側ペレツト、
Ｂ……負極側ペレツト。
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a positive electrode pellet A showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a negative electrode pellet B.
FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a thermal battery showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Positive electrode layer, 2,2'... Electrolyte layer, 4...
Negative electrode layer, 5... Exothermic agent, 6... Connection plate, 7... Positive electrode current collector plate, 8... Negative electrode current collector plate, 9... Positive electrode terminal,
10...Negative electrode terminal, 11...Ignition ball, 12...Ignition terminal, 13...Battery case, 14...Battery cover, 15...Insulator, A...Positive electrode side pellet,
B... Negative electrode side pellet.
Claims (1)
有する熱電池用素電池であつて、 正極側ペレツトＡは、正極活物質として粒化物
を用いた正極層１と、電解質層２とが一体に積層
成形されたものであり、 負極側ペレツトＢは、負極活物質としてリチウ
ム合金を用いた負極層４と、電解質層２′とが一
体に積層成形されたものであり、 正極側ペレツトＡと、負極側ペレツトＢとは、
電解質層２，２′が内側となるように積層された
ものであることを特徴とする熱電池用素電池。[Scope of Claims] 1. A unit cell for a thermal battery having positive electrode side pellets A and negative electrode side pellets B, wherein the positive electrode side pellets A include a positive electrode layer 1 using a granulated material as a positive electrode active material, and an electrolyte. The negative electrode pellet B is formed by integrally laminating a negative electrode layer 4 using a lithium alloy as a negative electrode active material and an electrolyte layer 2', Positive electrode side pellet A and negative electrode side pellet B are:
A unit cell for a thermal battery, characterized in that the electrolyte layers 2, 2' are stacked on the inside.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24857683A JPS60136172A (en) | 1983-12-23 | 1983-12-23 | Thermal cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24857683A JPS60136172A (en) | 1983-12-23 | 1983-12-23 | Thermal cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60136172A JPS60136172A (en) | 1985-07-19 |
| JPH0320029B2 true JPH0320029B2 (en) | 1991-03-18 |
Family
ID=17180185
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP24857683A Granted JPS60136172A (en) | 1983-12-23 | 1983-12-23 | Thermal cell |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60136172A (en) |
-
1983
- 1983-12-23 JP JP24857683A patent/JPS60136172A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60136172A (en) | 1985-07-19 |
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