JPH03201941A - Grain-classifying method in grain drying and processing facility and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To uniformize the quality of grains dried and processed by operations comprising receiving, storing, drying and processing steps by classifying grains sampled in the receiving step by quality and carrying out the storing, drying and processing operations on each classified grain group. CONSTITUTION:The drying and processing operations of grain are carried out by a receiving step comprising a receiving hopper 2, a rougher 3, a weighing apparatus 5, etc., a storing step comprising a plurality of storage tanks 13, a drying step comprising a drier 16 and a processing step comprising a husker 29, a classifier 27 for unhulled rice and unpolished rice, etc. The grain is sampled in the receiving step and classified by its quality (preferably shape, taste, chemical contents, etc.). The drying and processing operations of the grain are controlled on each classified grain group to uniformize the quality of the processed grain.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a grain sorting device in grain drying and preparation facilities such as rice centers and country elevators.

[Conventional technology]

Among conventional grain drying and preparation facilities such as rice centers and country elevators, a country elevator will be described as an example with reference to FIG. The harvested high-moisture rice is inputted into a receiving process 76 and into a receiving hopper 77, and then temporarily stored in a storage tank 78. At that time, weighing machine 7
The paddy collected from 9 is determined based on the variety and moisture content, and in rare cases, the visual quality is taken into consideration, and the received paddy is supplied to a predetermined storage tank 78 and collected into paddy of the same grade. and weighing machine 79
The paddy collected from the dryer is dried in a test dryer that is part of the self-testing device 80, and then the paddy is weighed.The weighed paddy is de-scaled and sorted, and then weighed again to calculate the amount of brown rice relative to the received paddy. Ru. Farmers are then paid based on the calculation results, but the self-inspection is usually completed the day after receiving the cargo, so it cannot be used to sort the received paddy. Next, the received paddy is dried in a dryer 81, sent to a gap silo 82 (one size smaller silo installed in the gap between the storage silos 83), tempered, and then dried in a dryer until it is dried to a storage-safe moisture content. 81 and a gap silo 82, and then moved to a storage silo 83 and dried to a predetermined moisture content.

After the paddy has reached a predetermined moisture content, it is sold to the government, stored in a storage silo 83, hulled if necessary, and shipped.

However, in conventional grain drying and preparation facilities such as those mentioned above, grains are sorted by variety and moisture content, and in rare cases, the appearance quality of the received paddy is visually determined, and the received paddy is transferred to a designated storage tank based on that grade. However, determining the quality visually requires relying on human intuition, which poses the problem of inaccurate sorting of paddy into storage tanks.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

This invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides grain drying and preparation that can accurately measure the quality, taste, or content of received paddy and accurately supply paddy of the same quality to the same storage tank. The purpose is to provide facilities.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention has the following configuration.

The receiving process consists of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.
Grain drying consists of a storage process that consists of multiple storage tanks that temporarily store grain that has passed through the receiving process, a drying process that dries high-moisture grains, and a preparation process that consists of a huller, paddy/brown rice sorting equipment, etc. At the preparation facility, the trait quality, taste, or chemical component content of the sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process is measured, and based on these measurements, the received grains are transferred to predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks. Sort into.

In the grain drying and preparation facility, a grain quality discrimination device that measures the trait quality of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process, a grain taste evaluation device that measures the taste of the sample grains, or the sample grains. a chemical component measuring device that measures the chemical component content of the grain, and the received grain is placed in a predetermined tank of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values from the grain quality discrimination device, grain taste evaluation device, or chemical component measuring device. Communicate with the control device for sorting.

[For production]

Grain, such as paddy, placed in the receiving hopper is removed with impurities by a rough separator, weighed, and transferred to a storage tank.

At that point, a sample of paddy is taken from a weighing machine, and the character quality of the paddy is measured by a grain quality discriminator. Based on the measured values, the received paddy is sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks, and a fixed amount of paddy of the same grade is stored. The paddy stored in the storage tank is dried by a dryer until it reaches a predetermined moisture content. The dried paddy is hulled by a huller, sorted by a paddy/brown rice sorter, and the brown rice is grain-sorted, weighed, and shipped as a product. When the received grain is paddy, it is measured on the brown rice obtained by hulling the paddy, and the quality of this brown rice is measured for grain size, damaged grains, immature grains, dead rice, colored grains, and foreign grains. It is expressed by the degree of contamination, etc. In addition, in the case of wheat, the main quality items stipulated in the agricultural product standards regulations are also shown.

Furthermore, the taste of the sample paddy collected from the weighing machine is measured by a grain taste evaluation device, and based on the measured value, the received paddy is sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks. In the case of rice, the term taste here has a correlation with the sensory value of rice when it is cooked and eaten.

Furthermore, the chemical component content of the sample paddy collected from the weighing machine is measured by a chemical component measuring device, and based on the measured value, the received paddy is sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks. Regarding the chemical components of rice, the more amylose in the starch, the better the quality, and the less protein, the better the quality.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a country elevator in which the present invention is implemented, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the self-inspection device, Fig. 3 is a configuration diagram of the grain quality discriminating device, and Fig. 4 is a diagram of the grain quality discriminating device. A perspective partial view of the sorting device, FIG. 5 is a schematic front view of the grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, and FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the main part of the near-infrared spectrometer used in the device of FIG. FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the sample drying device.

The code shows the receiving process for raw material grains such as paddy (see Figure 1), in which a receiving hopper 2 for inputting raw materials and a coarse sorter 3 for sorting the received raw material paddy are operated by a grain lifting machine 4. The fine product discharge port of the coarse sorter 3 communicates with the weighing machine 5. Reference numeral 6 denotes a sample measuring device, which includes a self-inspection device 7, a grain quality discrimination device 8, a grain evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9, and a sample dryer 10. The discharge port of the weighing machine 5 is a grain lifting machine 11,
The storage tanks 13A to 13F are connected to each other via an inlet conveyor 12, and the tanks 13A to 13F are connected to a dryer 16 via a discharge conveyor 14 and a grain lifting machine 15. The dryer 16 is connected to a silo 19 via a grain frying machine 17 and a carrying conveyor 18, and the silo 19 is composed of a storage silo 20 and a gap silo 21 for tempering the paddy that has been subjected to the drying action. The discharge conveyor 22 provided at the bottom of the silo 19 has a 20 switching valve 23,
The grain sorting machine 26 is connected to the grain sorting machine 26 through the grain lifting machine 25 of the sorting process 24, and the wind sorting machine 26 is connected to the grain raising machine 17 through the paddy/brown rice sorting machine 27 consisting of an indented cylinder and the weighing machine 28. . In addition, the two-way switching valve 23 communicates with the preparation process 28,
The preparation process 28 includes a huller 29 and a swinging type paddy/brown rice sorter 30.
, a grain sorter 31, and a stone remover 32. The stone removal machine 32 communicates with the shipping process 34 via the Niro switching valve 33, and the shipping process 34 includes a weighing machine 35, a flexible container bag 36, a weighing machine 37,
It consists of a bag opening sewing machine 38.

Next, the sample measuring device 6 will be explained in detail. Self-testing device 7
A paddy weighing machine 40 is provided at the lower part of the supply hopper 39 (see FIG. 2), and the weighing machine 40 is connected to the hulling rolls 43 and 43 via a gutter 41 and a thrower 42. Hulling roll 4
The brown rice grain sorter 44.44 installed below 3.43 is connected to the brown rice weighing machine 45, and the weighing machine 45 is connected to the gutter 46 and the thrower.
It communicates with the sample extraction section 48 via 47.

Next, the case of rice using the grain quality discriminating device (see FIG. 3) will be explained. A valve 50 is provided below the supply hopper 49 to discharge a sample of hulled brown rice in appropriate amounts, and the valve 50 is connected to the supply side of the feeder 51. The discharge side of the feeder 51 is connected to a sorting feeder 53 via an inclined gutter 52, numeral 54 is a light amount measuring device, and numeral 55 is a light quantity measuring device, and numeral 55 is used to detect low-quality grains, such as deformed grains, cracked grains, colored grains, and dead rice. This is a sorting device that sorts out such things. The sorting device 55 has a suction tube 56 facing above the sorting feeder 53, and the upper end of the suction tube 56 is connected to a conveying tube 57 horizontally suspended.

One end of each conveying pipe 57 is connected to an air compressor (not shown), and the other end faces into a rice grain receiving box (not shown).
Reference numeral 8 represents a solenoid valve, and reference numeral 59 represents a nozzle portion.

Next, the case of rice using the grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9 (see FIG. 5) will be explained.

A display device 60 is provided on the front, a near-infrared spectrometer 61 and a control device 62 are provided inside, and numeral 63 is a sample container mounting box.

Next, the sample dryer 10 (see FIG. 7) will be explained. A drying rack 64 with many ventilation holes arranged inside is hung horizontally,
- For example, a heat generator 65 is provided, and an exhaust fan 66 is provided on the other side, and numeral 67 is a sample drying box, and the bottom wall portion 68 is made of a breathable material such as a wire mesh. The rice stored in the sample drying box 67 is dried by drying air generated by a hot air generator 65 and an exhaust fan 66.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be explained. Receiving hopper 2
The raw paddy put in is supplied to the coarse sorter 3 via the grain lifting machine 4 to remove ear cuts, impurities, and immature grains, and the coarsely selected paddy is sent to the weighing machine 5 and weighed. Ru. At that time, weighing machine 5
A sample of paddy is collected from the sample and measured by each measuring device of the sample measuring device 6. However, the sample collection does not necessarily have to be at this location, but can be arbitrarily selected such as a receiving hopper.

First, the sample paddy is dried to a predetermined moisture content (approximately 14.5%) by the sample dryer 10, and the dried paddy is supplied to the supply hopper 39 of the self-inspection device 7. The paddy supplied to the supply hopper 39 is weighed by a paddy weighing machine 40,
The weighed paddy is fried from the gutter 41 by the thrower 42 and hulled by the hulling rolls 43 and 43. The hulled brown rice is sorted by a brown rice grain sorter 44, and the sorted brown rice is weighed by a brown rice weighing machine 45 to measure the yield.

Further, a portion of the sample paddy collected from the receiving process 1 is hulled using a test hulling machine, and the hulled grains are supplied to the supply hopper 49 of the grain quality discriminating device 8. Rice grains are valve 5
The light is discharged to the feeder 51 at 0 rotation, and is supplied to the inclined gutter 52 of the light amount measuring device 54 by the feeder 51-. While the rice grains pass through the slit 69 of the inclined gutter 52, the signals obtained from the reflected measurement signal and the transmitted light amount measurement signal are digitally processed and their waveforms are analyzed. Determine the quality of.

The signal obtained by the light amount measuring device 54 is sent to an arithmetic and control device (not shown), and the quality of the rice grains is determined by determining whether the rice grains are regular grains, skin-displaced grains, split grains, or colored grains. When the rice grains determined to be of low quality pass through the sorting device 55, a solenoid valve 58 is actuated by a signal from the arithmetic and control device, and the rice grains are sucked through the suction pipe 56 and transported to the rice grain receiving box through the transport pipe 57.

Note that the quality may be measured using paddy without hulling.

To measure the taste or chemical content of rice,
The sample paddy was dried at high speed to a moisture content of about 18%, the unhulled brown rice was hulled using a test huller, and the brown rice was polished using a small rice milling machine. (see Figure 6). The near-infrared monochromatic light generated after passing through the narrow band pass filter 71 is irradiated onto the sample rice in the sample container 70 from directly above, and the diffused light from the sample rice is reflected off the inner wall of the integrating sphere 72 and is sent to the detector. 73.7
3, from which the intensity of the reflected light is measured. In the arithmetic unit 74 of the control device 62, R of the storage device 75
Measure the ingredient content of the rice based on the actual measurements obtained by the absorbance measurement stored in the AM and the ingredient conversion coefficient values for calculating the content of each ingredient that are stored in advance in the ROM of the storage device 75. do. Furthermore, the taste value of the rice is determined based on the component content and a taste conversion coefficient value for calculating the taste value that is stored in advance. In addition, there are few classifications,
If high precision is not required, the taste may be measured using paddy or brown rice without hulling or polishing.

The control device (
(not shown), and a predetermined tank 13A- of the storage tank 13 is inputted for each quality by an output signal from the control device.
1". In other words, the paddy with grain quality of - and high in taste is transferred from the weighing machine 5 to the grain frying machine 15.
The sorted paddy is supplied to the tank 13A via the carry-in conveyor 13, and in the same way, the paddy with higher quality and lower taste is sent to 13B.
Paddy with high quality and high taste goes to 13C, paddy with low quality and low taste goes to 13D, paddy with low quality and high taste goes to 13E, paddy with low quality and low taste goes to 13F Each sort is supplied to each. Note that various combinations are possible, and paddy may be sorted and supplied to each tank based only on quality or taste. In addition, in the case of rice, the chemical component content is closely related to the taste, so it is only necessary to use either the taste or the chemical component content, whereas in the case of wheat, the quality of the flour depends on the chemical component content. It is better to use chemical component content.

When a certain amount of paddy is stored in the storage tank 13, the paddy is sent from the discharge conveyor 14 to the dryer 16 via the grain lifting machine 15, and the paddy dried by the dryer 16 is transferred to the gap silo 21.
The dryer 16 and the interstitial silo 21 circulate until the dryer 16 and the interstitial silo 21 are sent to the dryer 16 and tempered, and dried to the set moisture content.

In this way, during the harvest period, the paddy is received and dried, and the paddy that has reached a set moisture content, for example 18%, is temporarily stored in the storage silo 21. Then, from the end of the receiving period, further drying is performed to a finished moisture content of, for example, 15%. Next, the finished paddy is sold to the government, stored in storage silos, hulled if necessary, and shipped. The selling process is as follows.

The paddy dried to a predetermined finished moisture content (15%) is wind sorted by a wind sorter 26 in a sorting step 24, and then sent to a paddy/brown rice sorter 27 consisting of indented cylinders provided in multiple stages. After the paddy/brown rice sorter 27 separates and removes the culled grains mixed with the primary rice, that is, brown rice, the paddy is transferred to the weighing machine 2.
After being weighed at step 8, it is sent to a storage silo 20 and stored.

On the other hand, at the time of hulling and shipping, the paddy in the storage silo 20 is sent to the hulling machine 29 in the preparation process 28 to be hulled, and then the rice is sent to the hulling machine 29 in the preparation process 28, and then the rice is sent to the hulling machine 29 in the preparation process 28, and is then sent to the hulling machine 30, the grain sorting machine 31, and the stone removal machine 32. Then, it is weighed by a weighing machine 35 and shipped in a flexible container pack 36, or it is weighed into small pieces by a weighing machine 37 and shipped as a bag by a bag opening sewing machine 38.

In addition, as another example, if the grain quality discrimination device 8 and the taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device 9 cannot be used for measurement in a short time (if the received paddy is difficult to culm due to high moisture content), in front of the storage tank 13, A large number of receiving tanks are installed in the tank, and each paddy is once loaded into the receiving tank, and after the measurement results of brown rice are determined, the paddy is supplied to a predetermined tank of the storage tank 13.
They may be aggregated into paddy of the same quality. Also storage tank■3
The paddy may be used as a receiving tank and dried with ventilation if necessary, after the measurement results are obtained, and the paddy of the same quality may be collected in the silo 21 with a predetermined gap.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the quality of sample grains collected from received grains is measured by a grain quality determination device, and the received grains are sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks based on the measured value. Grain can be sorted accurately without relying on intuition, and drying, preparation, and shipping can be managed according to grain quality, making it possible to standardize product quality.

In addition, the taste or chemical component content of sample grains is measured using a grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, and the received grains are sorted into predetermined tanks of multiple storage tanks based on the measured values. Drying, preparation, and shipping can be managed by taste rank or chemical component content, making it possible to standardize product quality.

Then, the quality of the sample grain is measured by a grain quality discriminator, and the taste or chemical component content is measured by a grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device, respectively, and the measured value of the quality and the measured value of the taste or chemical component content are measured. Since the received grains are sorted into predetermined tanks of a plurality of storage tanks based on this, the quality of the grains can be controlled in more detail.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a country elevator in which the present invention is implemented, Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the self-inspection device, and Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a country elevator implementing the present invention.
The figure is a block diagram of the rice grain quality discriminating device, Figure 4 is a perspective partial view of the sorting device, Figure 5 is a front view of the rice quality evaluation device, and Figure 6 is the near red color used in the quality evaluation device of Figure 5. FIG. 7 is a side sectional view of the main part of the external spectroscopic analyzer, FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view of the sample drying device, and FIG. 8 is a flowchart of a conventional KAN/IJ elevator. 1... Receiving process, 2... Receiving hopper, 3... Rough sorting machine, 4... Grain frying machine, 5... Weighing machine, 6... Sample measuring device, 7... Independent Verification device, 8... Grain quality discrimination device, 9... Grain taste evaluation or chemical component measuring device,
10... Sample dryer, 11... Grain frying machine, 12...
Carrying conveyor, 13A-F...Storage tank, 14.
...Discharge conveyor, 15... Grain lifting machine, 16... Dryer, 17... Grain lifting machine, 18... Carrying conveyor,
19...Suiro, 20...Storage silo, 21...
Gap silo, 22...Discharge conveyor, 23...Two-way switching valve, 24...Selection process, 25...Grain frying machine, 2
6... Wind sorter, 27... Paddy/brown rice sorter, 28...
・Preparation process, 29...hulling machine, 30...paddy/brown rice sorting machine, 31...grain sorting machine, 32...stone removing machine, 33.
... Niro switching valve, 34... Shipping process, 35... Weighing machine, 36... Flexible container bag, 37... Weighing machine, 3
8... Bag opening sewing machine, 39... Supply hopper, 4
0... Paddy weighing machine, 4 (... Gutter, 42... Thrower-143... Hulling roll, 44... Brown rice grain sorting machine,
45... Weighing machine for brown rice, 46... Gutter, 47... Thrower-148... Sample collecting section, 49... Supply hopper, 50... Valve, 51... Sending feeder, 52... Inclined gutter, 53... Sorting feeder, 54
...Light amount measuring device, 55...Selecting device, 56...
Suction pipe, 57... Conveyance pipe, 58... Solenoid valve, 59.
... Nozzle part, 60 ... Display device, 61 ... Near-infrared spectrometer, 62 ... Control device, 63 ... Sample container mounting box, 64 ... Drying shelf, 65 ... Heat generator, 6
6... Exhaust fan, 67... Sample drying box, 68... Bottom wall, 69... Slit, 70... Sample container, 71
... Narrow band pass filter, 72 ... Integrating sphere, 73
...Detector, 74...Arithmetic device, 75...Storage device, 76...Receiving process, 77...Receiving hopper, 7
8...Storage tank, 79...Weighing machine, 80...Self-inspection device, 81...Dryer, 82...Gap silo, 83...Storage silo.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc., a storage process consisting of a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process, and drying of high-moisture grains. In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a drying process and a preparation process consisting of a huller, a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., the trait quality of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process is measured, A grain sorting method in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that the received grain is sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured value. (2) In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc., and a preparation process consisting of a receiving rice sorting device, etc., the grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process are A grain sorting method in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that the taste of sample grains is measured, and the received grains are sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured value. (3) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of multiple storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., the trait quality and taste of sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process are measured, and the measured values are A grain sorting method in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that the received grain is sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the method. (4) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of a plurality of storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., the chemical component content of the sample grains collected from the grains received in the receiving process is measured, and the chemical component content is determined based on the measured value. A grain sorting method in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that the received grain is sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the method. (5) The grain sorting method according to claim (4), wherein the chemical component content is the content ratio of amylose or amylopectin constituting starch among the chemical components contained in the grain, or protein. Grain sorting method in grain drying facilities. (6) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of multiple storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., there is provided a grain quality discriminating device for measuring the trait quality of sample grains collected from the receiving process, and a grain quality discriminating device. A grain sorting device in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that it communicates that the received grains are to be sorted into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on measured values from the device. (7) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of multiple storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; A grain taste evaluation device for measuring the taste of sample grains collected from the receiving process in a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., and the grain taste evaluation device A grain sorting device in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized in that the grain sorting device is connected to a control device that sorts received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on measured values from the storage tanks. (8) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of multiple storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., there is a grain quality discriminator that measures the trait quality of the sample grains collected from the receiving process and a grain quality discrimination device that measures the taste of the sample grains. Communicating between the grain taste evaluation device that performs the measurement and a control device that sorts the received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values from the grain quality discrimination device and the grain quality evaluation device. A grain sorting device in a grain drying and preparation facility, characterized by: (9) A receiving process consisting of a receiving hopper, a rough sorter, a weighing machine, etc.; a storage process consisting of multiple storage tanks for temporarily storing grains that have passed through the receiving process; a drying process for drying high-moisture grains; In a grain drying and preparation facility consisting of a grinding machine and a preparation process consisting of a paddy/brown rice sorting device, etc., a chemical component measuring device for measuring the chemical component content of sample grains collected from grains received in the receiving process; , a control device for sorting received grains into predetermined tanks of the plurality of storage tanks based on the measured values from the chemical component measuring device.