JPH03210996A - Press apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To expensively manufacture a press apparatus low in overall height by connecting plural connecting shafts with one cylinder device, operating plural pairs of lever links and plural pairs of pull links synchronously through this operation and moving the ram vertically. CONSTITUTION:A pair of pull link bearing shafts 18 are born by an upper end part of the ram 4. A pair of lever links 20 are arranged on both sides of a bed 2 and their lower end parts are born by lever link bearing shafts 16. A pair of pull links 22 are arranged on both sides of the ram 4 and their lower end parts are born by pull link bearing shafts 18. The upper end parts of two lever links 20 and two pull links 22 are connected by common connecting shafts 24 on the sides of the bed. The two connecting shafts 24 are connected by a cylinder device 26 and the two pairs of lever links 20 and the two pairs of pull links are synchronized by its operation and the ram 4 is moved vertically. In this way, a press apparatus excellent in dynamic accuracy can be realized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a press device that eliminates a rigid frame, increases dynamic precision, and is resistant to eccentric loads.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, demands for high processing accuracy and high productivity in press working have been increasing.

That is, automation by robots and multi-stage molds for progressive feeding are frequently used, and in order to cope with this, a highly rigid press that is resistant to eccentric loads and has high dynamic accuracy is desired. However, this pre-structure satisfies all of these requirements. At present, these devices are large and tend to be expensive.

Typical press frames include a C-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 9 and a portal-shaped frame as shown in FIG. 10, both of which have rigid structures. C
A gate-shaped frame has a lower pressing force and lower machining accuracy than a gate-shaped frame, so a gate-shaped frame is used for high-pressure-force, high-precision machining.

In either frame, when pressurizing force and its reaction force are applied during processing, the bed portion 52 and the crown portion 54 are deformed as shown by the two-dot chain line in the figure.

An upper mold and a lower mold are attached to the ram part 56 and the bed part 52, respectively, and the pressurizing force and its reaction force act as a bending moment on the bed part 52 and the ram part 56 during processing. These are deformed and the bed part 5
2 and the ram portion 56, the mold attached thereto is deformed. When the mold is deformed, processing accuracy decreases and its lifespan is shortened.

Here, among the deformations of the press frame, deformations caused by bending moments in particular have a negative effect on processing accuracy and mold life, so the bending force must be reduced to reduce the bending force.

In order to reduce the bending deformation of a rigid frame, it is necessary to increase its rigidity. In order to increase the rigidity of the frame, the bed portion 52 and the crown portion 5 that make up the frame must be
4. It is necessary to increase the section modulus of structural members such as the ram portion 56, and increasing the height of each member is effective for this purpose.

Bed portion 52 and crown portion 54 that constitute the frame
If the height of the ram part 56 is increased, the total height of the frame will be increased, and if the press is large, it will not be possible to install it in a factory building without digging a focus and burying a part of the bed part. The total weight increases, and in addition to these problems, it is necessary to maintain the horizontality and verticality of the large structures of the bed section 52, crown section 54, ram section 56, and amplifier light section 58 with high precision. It becomes difficult to assemble strongly, which ultimately leads to an increase in costs.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60 are attached to the crown portion 54 of the frame, and the ram portion 56 is raised and lowered by these hydraulic cylinders 60, thereby creating a multi-point hydraulic press that is resistant to eccentric loads. In order to realize this, a synchronization mechanism for synchronizing the operations of the plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60 is essential, and this synchronization mechanism is complicated and expensive.

Furthermore, in a mechanical crank press as shown in FIG. 12, a crank loft 62 and a plunger 64
are connected by a connecting rod 66, and the ram portion 56 is attached to the plunger 64, and the plunger 64 is configured to slide within a plunger guide 68, and the plunger guide 68 applies a pressing force. Horizontal component of P
Efforts are being made to improve dynamic accuracy by removing x. However, if a mechanism for removing the horizontal component of the pressing force using a plunger and a plunger guide is provided, the press becomes large and expensive.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The present invention abandons the general concept of conventional press equipment that uses a rigid frame, and connects the bottom and ram with two pairs of pull links and two pairs of lever links. The objective of this project was to make it possible to inexpensively manufacture an energy-saving press device that has a low overall height, high dynamic accuracy, and is resistant to eccentric loads by synchronously operating each link using a cylinder device.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the press device according to the present invention, the ram is arranged above the bed via a guide part so as to be movable up and down, and the pair of lever link support shafts are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line of the side surface of the bed. so that the pair of lever link support shafts are supported horizontally on the bed along the longitudinal direction of the bed, and the -pair of pull link support shafts are symmetrical with respect to the vertical center line of the side surface of the bed. By arranging the pair of pull link support shafts along the longitudinal direction of the bed and supporting the upper end of the ram, a pair of lever links are arranged on both sides of the bed, and the lower end of each lever link is and supporting the lever link support shaft on the lever link support shaft;
Place a pair of pull links on each side of the ram,
The lower end of each pull link is supported on the pull link support shaft, and the two lever links disposed on both sides of the vertical center line on the side of the bed, and the upper ends of the two pull links are supported on the pull link support shaft. The two connecting shafts are connected by a connecting shaft, and the two connecting shafts are connected by one cylinder device, and the two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links are operated synchronously by the operation of the cylinder device to raise and lower the ram. It is characterized by being configured as follows.

[Action of the invention]

When the cylinder device is actuated, the four lever links synchronously perform a reciprocating rotational movement around each lever link support shaft, and the four pull links are caused by the reciprocating rotational movement of each lever link. Due to this link movement, which performs reciprocating rotational movement around the support shaft, the ram is guided by a guide section provided on the bed and moves up and down between the rising end position and the falling end position, and the pressure force is increased. A reaction force acts on the lever link support shaft, and pressing is performed continuously between the upper die attached to the lower surface of the ram and the lower die attached to the upper surface of the bed.

〔Example〕

1 to 6 show a press apparatus according to the present invention.

Ram guides 6 for guiding the raising and lowering of the ram 4 are integrally provided on both sides of the bed 2.

The pair of ram guides 6 are provided facing each other along the longitudinal direction Q of the bed 2 at a predetermined interval. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, guide plates 8 are attached to the front and rear surfaces of each ram guide 6 in the vertical direction via fixing bolts 10, and these guide plates 8
It protrudes inward from the inner surface of the ram guide 6 by a predetermined length.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 6, the ram 4 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and is provided with fitting grooves 12 along the vertical direction at the four corners, and a lever described later is provided in the center of the ram 4. Two shaft insertion holes 14 for inserting the link support shaft 16 are provided horizontally at a predetermined interval. The above-mentioned guide plate 8 is fitted into the fitting grooves 12 provided at the four corners of the ram 4.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, a pair of ram guides are provided facing each other with the guide plate 8 fixed to the ram guide 6 being fitted into the fitting groove 12 of the ram 4. A ram 4 is fitted between the holes 6 so as to be movable up and down.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a pair of lever link support shafts 16 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center vAC of the side surface of the bed 2, and are integrally formed on both sides of the bend 2. It is supported horizontally by a ram guide 6 provided in the ram guide 6. This lever link support shaft 16 is inserted into a shaft insertion hole 14 provided in the ram 4 in the longitudinal direction Q of the bed 2.
is in line with

A pair of pull link support shafts 18 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line C of the side surface of the bed 2, and are supported horizontally at the upper end of the ram 4 at a predetermined interval. Therefore,
The pull link support shaft 18 also extends along the longitudinal direction Q of the bed 2.

A pair of lever links 2 are provided on each side of the ram guide 6.
0 is arranged, and the lower end of each lever link 20 is supported by the lever link support shaft 16. Also, Ram 4
A pair of pull links 22 are arranged on both sides of the pull link 22, and the lower end of each pull link 22 is supported by the pull link support shaft 18. Therefore, two lever links 20 and two pull links 22 are arranged on both sides of the vertical center line C of the side surface of the bend 2, respectively. Two lever links 20 separated by the vertical center line C of the bed 2 and facing each other along the longitudinal direction Q of the bed 2 and two similar pull links 22 have a common upper end. axis 24
are connected with.

Further, the two connecting shafts 24 are connected by one cylinder device 26. m, one of the connecting shafts 24 has a cylinder. The body 28 is supported, and a knuckle 30 is supported on the other connecting shaft 24, and the tip of the loft 32 of the cylinder device 26 is connected to the knuckle 30.

Furthermore, an upper mold 34 and a lower mold 36 are attached to the lower surface of the ram 4 and the upper surface of the bed 2, respectively.

Next, the operation of the above-described press device will be explained. Note that FIGS. 7 and 8 show the state in which the ram 4 is located at the ascending end and the descending end, respectively.

When the cylinder device 26 is actuated to move the loft 32 in and out, the four lever links 20 perform a reciprocating rotation movement in synchronization around each lever link support shaft 16.
Due to the reciprocating rotational movement of each lever link 20, the four pull links 22 perform reciprocating rotational movement around the pull link support shaft 18. By this link movement, the ram 4 is guided by the ram guide 6, The upper mold 34 and the lower mold are moved up and down between the ascending end position and the descending end position shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively, and the reaction force of the pressurizing force acts on the lever link support shaft 16. 36, press working is performed continuously.

Here, there are two pairs of lever links 20. for raising and lowering the ram 4. Since the two pairs of pull links 22 perform reciprocating rotational motion in synchronization with each other, the ram 4 moves up and down while maintaining a high degree of parallelism to the bed 2. For this reason,
The dynamic precision of the press device is maintained at a high level, and as a result, the precision of press processing is increased. Also, during press working, the lever link support shaft 16 becomes a load point, and since two lever link support shafts 16 are provided, as shown in FIG.
The structure is such that the horizontal component force Px of the pressurizing force P applied to is canceled out, leaving only the vertical component force Py effective for pressurizing. For this reason,
Since the horizontal component force Pi unrelated to pressurization is no longer applied to the guide portions such as the guide plate 8 and the ram guide 6, the dynamic accuracy of the ram 4 is improved.

〔Effect of the invention〕

(1) The bed and the ram are hingedly connected by two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links, and each of the links is
Since the structure is such that a reciprocating rotational movement is performed synchronously by a single cylinder device, there is no need for a rigid press frame and a crown portion, which are essential in conventional press devices. Therefore, a press device with high dynamic accuracy, resistance to eccentric loads, and low overall height can be manufactured at low cost.

(2) There are two lever link support shafts that serve as load points, and the structure is such that the horizontal components of the pressing force applied to each lever link support shaft cancel each other out, so it is similar to a conventional crank press. What about the mechanism? 3 [91] Moreover, there is no need to provide an expensive plunger guide to remove the horizontal component of the pressing force, and a press device with a simple mechanism and high dynamic accuracy can be realized.

(3) If the hydraulic press is configured to raise and lower the ram using multiple hydraulic cylinders, each hydraulic cylinder's *I
However, the press device according to the present invention synchronizes two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links with one cylinder device to generate a ram. Since it is configured to move up and down, there is no need for a synchronization mechanism in conventional hydraulic presses.

(4) Since the press device is constructed by hinge-coupling the bed and the ram with two pairs of lever links and two pairs of pull links, the horizontality and verticality of each component can be adjusted with high precision. Compared to a press device having a conventional rigid frame that holds and rigidly connects each component, assembly is easier and accuracy for assembly is also easier.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 8 are diagrams for explaining the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a press apparatus according to the present invention,
Fig. 2 is a front view, Fig. 3 is a side view, and Fig. 4 shows that the ram 4 is lower! 5 is a sectional view taken along the line X-X in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the ram 4, and FIGS. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of a state where numeral 4 is located at the ascending end and the descending end. 9 to 11 are diagrams for explaining conventional press devices, in which FIG. 9 is a side view of the press device having a C-shaped press frame, and FIG. 1O is a portal-shaped press. FIG. 11 is a front view of a press device having a frame, FIG. 11 is a front view of a press device using a plurality of hydraulic cylinders 60, and FIG. 12 is a plunger guide 6 of a crank press.
8 is a diagram of part 8. The explanation of the symbols of the main parts constituting the present invention is as follows: C: Vertical center line of the side of the bed Q: Long horizontal direction of the bed 2: Bed 4: Ram 6: Ram guide 16: Lever link support Shaft 18 Nibble link support shaft 20 Nibbler link 22 Nibble link 24: Connecting rod 26: Cylinder device

Claims (1)

[Claims] By arranging the ram so that it can be raised and lowered above the bed via the guide part, and by arranging the pair of lever link support shafts symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line of the side surface of the bed,
The pair of lever link support shafts are supported horizontally on the bed along the longitudinal direction of the bed, and the pair of pull link support shafts are arranged symmetrically with respect to the vertical center line of the side surface of the bed. By doing so, the pair of pull link support shafts are supported on the upper end of the ram along the longitudinal direction of the bed, and a pair of lever links are respectively disposed on both sides of the bed, and the lower end of each lever link is supported on the upper end of the ram along the longitudinal direction of the bed. The lever link is supported on the lever link support shaft, and a pair of pull links are arranged on each side of the ram, and the lower end of each pull link is supported on the pull link support shaft, and the lever link is supported on both sides of the vertical center line of the side of the bed. The upper ends of the two lever links and the two pull links, which are respectively placed in the A press device characterized in that the two pairs of lever links and the two pairs of pull links are operated synchronously to raise and lower the ram.