JPH03212145A - Electromagnetic rotary machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an output torque by passing a magnetic flux generated by an armature coil only into a single loop by using the magnetic path of a closed circuit, and introducing a field magnetic flux also into the same loop. CONSTITUTION:The outer peripheral rotary surfaces of rotors 4a, 4b are uniformly magnetized to N-, S-poles, and a closed magnetic path shown by arrows 24a, 24b are formed by armature cores 13a, 14a opposed to the outer periphery through an air gap of a predetermined distance. Here, when armature coils 5a, 6a wound on the cores 13a, 14a are energized, a magnetic path as shown by an arrow 23 is formed. Accordingly, the magnetic fluxes by the coils 5a, 6a and the magnetic fluxes by rotors 4a, 4b become the same direction at the upper sides of the cores 13a, 14a to increase magnetic flux amounts, and both the magnetic fluxes at the lower side are opposed to reduce the amounts. Accordingly, the rotors 4a, 4b are rotated by driving torque in the direction of an arrow L. The other armature is similarly operated.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] It is used as a generator (tacho generator) that is proportional to rotational speed and has no voltage ripple and noise, or as a high-efficiency DC motor without output torque ripple. .

[Conventional technology]

Many techniques with configurations similar to the device of the present invention have been proposed, many of which have theoretical errors, and none of which have been put to practical use. For example, there is a technique described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-89911.

[Problems to be solved by the present invention]

First issue Multi-phase generators include ripple voltage in their DC output, so it is not possible to obtain a DC output proportional to the rotation speed, and when the ripple voltage is smoothed with a capacitor, a time lag occurs. However, there is a problem in that it is not possible to obtain a voltage that accurately follows changes in rotational speed, which is a disadvantage when used as a tacho generator.

Second Problem: In the case of a multi-phase DC motor, especially a brushless DC motor, the number of phases is small, so there is a problem that torque ripple, electronic noise, and mechanical vibration are generated.

Third Problem In the case of brushless generators and DC motors, the rectifier is a semiconductor circuit, which is expensive, and there are problems in that electromagnetic noise is generated during phase switching. It also has the disadvantage of generating mechanical vibrations.

Fourth Problem: In the case of a brushless DC motor, the number of phases is 1 to 3, so it takes time for the magnetic energy in the armature coil to disappear and accumulate during phase switching.

Therefore, if the speed is set to high, the generation of counter torque increases, there is a limit to the increase in rotational speed, and there is a problem that the efficiency deteriorates. When the speed is high (100,000 revolutions per minute or more), there are problems in that iron loss increases, heat generation increases, and efficiency deteriorates.

Fifth Problem: There is iron loss due to disappearance and accumulation of magnetic energy in the armature coil, and there is a problem that efficiency deteriorates. As mentioned above, high speeds pose a major problem.

[Means to solve the problem]

First means: a disc-shaped first rotor whose outer peripheral surface is uniformly magnetized with the same polarity; a second rotor; a first rotor; A non-magnetic outer casing that houses the second rotor, and a first rotor fixed to both sides of the outer casing. a second side plate; A rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in the center of the second side plate;
．． The first rotor is arranged such that the outer circumferential rotating surface of the second rotor faces the inner surface of the outer casing with a gap in between. a plurality of armatures provided with means for fixing the second rotor to the rotating shaft in a spaced-apart manner; armature coils wound around at least one of opposing sides of a rectangular armature core; The above-mentioned opposing sides of the magnetic core are respectively connected to the first side.
along the direction of rotation of the magnetic pole rotation surface of the second rotor, so as to face each other with an air gap therebetween along with the wrapped armature coil.
means for arranging and fixing armatures at equal pitches and spaced apart from each other inside the outer casing; Due to the rotation of the second rotor,
When electricity is applied to the generator or each armature coil that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil, the first. It is configured as any DC motor that generates output torque in one direction to the second rotor.

The second means includes a disc-shaped magnetic rotor, the outside of one rotating side of the rotor is uniformly magnetized to the north pole, the inside is uniformly magnetized to the south pole, and the rotating side of the rotor on the opposite side is uniformly magnetized to the south pole. The outside is uniformly magnetized as an S pole, and the inside is uniformly magnetized as an N pole. Rotation is rotatably supported by a bearing installed in an outer casing made of non-magnetic material. A shaft, a plurality of armatures each having an armature coil wound around one side of a rectangular armature magnetic core, and a rotation of an outer magnetic pole rotating surface of a magnet rotor using one side of the armature magnetic core. They are made to face each other along the direction along the wound armature coil with a gap in between, and the other opposing side faces the inner magnetic pole rotating surface with a gap in between, and are spaced apart from each other at equal pitches on the inner side of the outer casing side. means for arranging and fixing the armature, and if the fixed armature is arranged and fixed only on one side of the outer casing, the N and S magnetic pole rotation surfaces of the magnet rotor facing the other side; A generator that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil by the rotation of the magnet rotor and the rotation of the magnet when energized to each armature coil. The motor is configured as a DC motor that generates output torque in one direction.

The third means includes a disc-shaped magnetic rotor whose rotating surfaces on both sides are uniformly magnetized to N and S poles, respectively, and whose rotating shaft is supported by bearings provided on the side plates of the outer casing, and two outer casings. Each side plate is a magnetic rotor N.

An outer casing facing the S magnetic pole with an air gap therebetween, a plurality of armatures each having armature coils wound around a central recess of the U-shaped armature core, and the aforementioned central recess of the armature core, The armature is arranged and fixed inside the outer casing side plate, facing each other with an air gap along the direction of rotation of one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor, and spaced apart from each other at equal pitches. and closing the open end of the magnetic path of the U-shaped armature magnetic core with a magnetic material on the opposite side of the outer casing, and applying the magnetic material to the other one magnetic pole rotating surface of the magnet rotor through an air gap. A generator that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil by the rotation of the magnet rotor, or a generator that generates output torque in one direction in the magnet rotor when energized each armature coil. It is configured as one of the DC motors.

Fourth means: A disk-shaped magnetic rotor whose rotating surfaces on both sides are uniformly magnetized to N and S poles, respectively, and which is supported by a rotating shaft or a bearing provided on the outer casing side plate, and two outer casings. Each side plate is a magnetic rotor N.

A plurality of first armatures each having an outer casing facing the S magnetic pole with an air gap therebetween and an armature coil wound around a central concave portion of a U-shaped armature core, and a plurality of second armatures having the same configuration. and the central recessed portion of the armature magnetic core of the first armature are made to face each other with a gap therebetween along with the wrapped armature coil along the rotational direction of one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor, The armatures are arranged and fixed inside the outer casing side plate at equal pitches, and the central concave part of the armature magnetic core of the second armature is aligned along the rotational direction of the other one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor. The first armature coil and the wound armature coil are opposed to each other through a gap. A generator or a generator that derives a generated voltage induced in each armature coil by means of closing the magnetic path by closely contacting two magnetic path open ends of the armature magnetic core of a second armature, and rotation of a magnet rotor. The motor is configured as a DC motor that generates an output torque in one direction in a magnet rotor when each armature coil is energized.

[For production]

The first to fifth problems described above are common drawbacks of well-known one-phase, two-phase, and three-phase electric motors. This may be a problem due to the concept of phase. What can be deduced from the concept of 3, 2, 1.0 is that the above-mentioned problems can be eliminated by escaping from the concept of phases and creating a 0-phase, ie, phaseless, electric motor.

The device of the present invention solves the first to fifth problems by configuring a phaseless electric motor.

Next, its effect will be explained.

Since the armature coil is always energized in one direction at a set value, there is no phase switching and there is no large amount of magnetic energy in or out of the armature coil.

Therefore, when used as a generator, the first problem is solved because a voltage output with good responsiveness that is accurately proportional to the rotational speed can be obtained.

When used as an electric motor, the second problem is solved for the same reason, since there is no torque ripple and electrical or mechanical vibrations are eliminated.

Since there is no need for a rectifying device for phase switching, there is no need for a semiconductor control circuit including a Hall element for that purpose, and it is possible to obtain a motor that obtains the driving force for the rotor simply by energizing the armature coil from a DC power source.

The above-mentioned situation is the same in the case of a generator.

Therefore, the third problem is solved.

Since there is no increase or decrease in the magnetic energy stored in the armature coil, there is no generation of counter torque due to the release of magnetic energy when power is cut off, unlike in the case of a general electric motor. Therefore,
Since it is possible to obtain a high-speed electric motor (more than 100,000 revolutions per minute), the fourth problem can be solved.

Although the armature coil has a magnetic core, the amount of magnetic flux passing through it does not change, so there is no iron loss and a highly efficient electric motor can be obtained.

Therefore, there is an effect of solving the fifth problem.

〔Example〕

The details of the apparatus of the present invention will be explained with respect to the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 and subsequent figures. Since the same symbols in the drawings indicate the same members, a redundant explanation thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 1(a) is an explanatory diagram of the rotor 4a and armature coil 5a of the device of the present invention. These members are indicated by the same symbols in FIG. 2(a).

The rotor 4a has a disk shape, and the magnet 4 is omitted and not shown. A rotating shaft 1 is fixed at the center.

The outer periphery of the rotor 4a is uniformly magnetized to the north pole.

The symbol 5a indicated by a dotted line is an armature coil, which is wound in a rectangular shape. Arrows 7a, 7b, and 7c indicate lines of magnetic force.

FIG. 1(b) shows the armature coil 5a and magnetic lines of force 7a.

7b and 7c are shown enlarged.

As shown in the figure, the lower and upper portions of the armature coil 5a are in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotor 4a, and both side portions are perpendicular to the magnetic pole surface. When the rotor 4a rotates in the direction of arrow A, the directions of the induced voltage induced in the armature coil 5a are indicated by arrows 8a and 8b.

The directions are 8c and 8d.

All induced voltages generated on other sides are in the opposite direction to the voltage in the direction of arrow 8a.

Since the amount of magnetic flux penetrating the lower coil portion is equal to the amount of magnetic flux penetrating the coil portions on the other three sides, the induced voltage in the entire armature coil disappears.

When the armature coil 5a is energized in the direction opposite to the arrow 8a, the torque that drives the magnet rotor 4 in the direction of the arrow A is also not generated for the same reason.

As explained above, it is impossible to obtain output torque by general means.

In the device of the present invention, the magnetic flux from the armature coil is passed only in a single loop using a closed circuit magnetic path, and the field magnetic flux is also introduced into the same loop to increase the output torque. explain.

In FIG. 2(a), side plates 2a and 2b are fitted on both sides of the cylindrical outer casing 11 as shown.

The outer casing 11 is made of a non-magnetic material such as a plastic material or die-cast aluminum. The inner circumferential surface of the outer casing 11 has the same shape as the inner circumferential surface of the cylinder, but the outer circumferential surface may be square.

Side plates 2a, 2b are fastened to both sides of the outer casing 11 by screws 5a, 6b, . . . .

A ball bearing 3g is provided at the center of the side plates 2a and 2b.

3b is provided, and the rotating shaft 1 is rotatably supported. A central portion of a disk-shaped magnet 4 is fixed to the rotating shaft 1, and both sides of the magnet 4 are uniformly magnetized with north and south poles. In close contact with the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet 4, mild steel discs 4a and 4b
are provided and configured to rotate coaxially and synchronously.

The mild steel disk rotors 4a, 4b can also be made of other known magnetic materials. The outer rotating surfaces of the rotors 4a and 4b are uniformly magnetized to N and S magnetic poles, respectively, and an armature core 1 made of a magnetic material faces the outer circumferential surface with an air gap of a predetermined distance therebetween.
The magnetic path is closed by 3a*14a, the details of which will be described later.

The armature core 13a includes an armature coil 5a.

5b, . . . are attached, the details of which will be described later with reference to the developed view of FIG.

Symbol 7 is a load connected to the rotating shaft 1 by a connecting member indicated by an arrow C. In the case of a generator, it becomes the driving source.

FIG. 3 shows cylindrical armature cores 13a, 13b, -, 14a, 14b made of the above-mentioned mild steel.

... and armature coils 5a, 5b, ...6a, 6b,
... is a 180 degree development view.

The developed view of FIG. 3 is a developed view of FIG. 2(a) viewed from the direction of the arrow, that is, from the outer circumferential direction, and shows a half circumferential portion, and the other half circumferential portions are omitted and not shown. The other half circumferential portions also have exactly the same configuration.

Both armature magnetic cores 13a and 14g are U-shaped,
Manufactured by pressing a mild steel plate.

The armature coil 5 is placed in the central recess of the armature cores 13a and 14g.
After wrapping a and 6a, the flux between the two magnetic paths passes through rectangular magnetic cores 13a and 14b and is closed by a closed circuit magnetic path.

Therefore, most of the magnetic flux generated by the armature coil passes through the above-mentioned closed circuit, and almost no magnetic flux leaks.

The armature magnetic cores 13b, 14b and the armature coils wound around them also have the same configuration.

The armature cores 13c, 14b, 13d, and 14e and the armature coils 5c, 6c, 5d, and 6d have the same configuration.

Symbols 25a, 25b and symbols 25c, 25d respectively indicate the abutting portions of the open ends of the magnetic paths of the legs of the armature core.

The central concave portion of the U-shaped electric machine core faces the outer rotating surfaces of the rotors 4a and 4b with a gap in between.

The section indicated by the arrow 17a is opposed to the north pole surface of the outer circumference of the rotor 4a in FIG. 2(a), and the section indicated by the arrow 17b is opposed to the south pole surface of the outer circumference of the rotor 4b. The section of arrow 17C is rotor 4
This is the separation distance between a and 4b.

Armature cores 13a, 13b, -44a, 14b.

... can be made by processing a mild steel material or sintering its powder. It can also be made by sintering silicon steel powder.

Armature cores 13a, 14a and armature core 13b.

14b are spaced apart by a predetermined distance. The other armature cores are also spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.

Next, a description will be given of means for arranging and fixing each of the above-mentioned armatures inside the outer casing 11.

Armature core 13a made as shown in FIG.

13b, . . . and 14a, 14b, . . . are inserted from both sides of the outer casing 11 as shown in FIG.

In order to set the insertion position at a predetermined position, a protrusion corresponding to the width of the armature core is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the outer casing 11, and the armature core is inserted using the protrusion as a guide member. Fixed.

For this purpose, protrusions 2-1 and 2-2 are provided on the side plates 2a and 2b, and the armature cores 13a and 13b and 14a and 14
b, . . . are configured to be pressed from the left and right.

Other means may be used for arranging and fixing the armature core at a predetermined position inside the outer casing 11.

As can be understood from the above explanation, the distance between the inner circumferential surface of the outer casing 11 and the outer circumferential surfaces of the rotors 4a and 4b becomes the set gap length, and each armature core and armature coil also
It faces the outer circumferential rotating surface of 4b with the same gap length.

A recess is provided in the outer casing 11 in order to insert the armature coil into the outer casing 11 together with the armature magnetic core.

A cross-sectional view of dotted line B in FIG.
) is shown.

In FIG. 4(a), the magnetic flux of the north pole of the rotor 4a passes through the armature magnetic cores 13b and 14b, and the magnetic path is closed at the south pole of the rotor 4b.

The same applies to the armature magnetic cores 13a and 14a, and these magnetic paths are shown as arrows 24a and 24b in FIG. 3. The other armature cores have similar magnetic paths.

The magnetic flux caused by the energization of the armature coils 5a, 6a forms a magnetic path indicated by an arrow 23.

Therefore, above the armature cores 13a, 14a, the magnetic flux from the armature coils 5a, 6a and the rotor 4a.

The magnetic fluxes due to 4b are in the same direction and the amount of magnetic flux increases, and on the lower side, both magnetic fluxes are in opposite directions and the amount of magnetic flux decreases.

Therefore, the rotors 4a and 4b rotate in response to driving torque in the direction of the arrow.

Since the above-mentioned circumstances are the same for the other armatures, the motors generate driving torque for the rotors 4a and 4b in the same direction.

When the rotors 4a and 4b are rotated by a drive source, power generation output is obtained.

Power generation output can be obtained from the series connection of each armature coil.

The output torque or power generation output by the armature on the other half circumferential surface is obtained in the same manner.

In the above case, the armature coils 6a, 6b, . . . can also be removed. In this case, the driving torque and power generation output are reduced, but such means can be adopted depending on the application.

In FIG. 4(a), the air gap length between the armature magnetic cores 13b, 14b and the rotors 4a, 4b is greater than the thickness of the lower coil portion of the armature coil, so the air gap length becomes large. However, there is a problem in that the magnetic resistance between the rotors 4a and 4b is increased and the field magnetic field is weakened.

Fig. 4(b) shows a means to eliminate such inconvenience (
This is explained by c).

Figure 4(b) is a cross section taken along the dotted line in Figure 3 from the direction of the arrow.
A cross section taken along the dotted line C in the direction of the arrow is shown in FIG. 4(e).

Projections (indicated by symbols 13-1 and 13-2 in FIG. 4(b)) are provided on both sides of each armature coil. These protrusions are marked 22a and 22b in FIG. 4(e).
It is shown as.

The above-mentioned protrusions allow the armature magnetic core to face the outer rotating surfaces of the rotors 4a and 4b with a small gap length, so that the magnetic resistance is reduced and the arrows 24a and 24 in FIG.
The amount of magnetic flux b increases. Therefore, it is an effective means for large output motors.

The magnetic flux due to the armature coil will be explained using the armature coil 5b of FIG. 4(C) as an example.

In FIG. 4(C), the magnetic path of the magnetic flux by the armature coil 5b is an ineffective magnetic flux (sometimes generating counter-torque) in addition to the above-mentioned magnetic flux effective for output torque passing through the armature cores 13b and 14b. There is.

The magnetic paths of such magnetic flux are shown as arrows 23c and 23d.

The magnetic flux indicated by the arrow 23c passes through space, so there is no problem with the small amount of magnetic flux, but the magnetic flux indicated by the arrow 23d is caused by the protrusion 22a.

22b and the rotor 4a. Since the rotor 4a is a magnetic material, its magnetic resistance is small, and the amount of magnetic flux due to the armature coil 5b increases, which inconveniently reduces the amount of magnetic flux indicated by the arrow 23 described above and significantly reduces the output torque.

A means for eliminating such inconvenience will be explained next.

The first method is to replace the rotors 4a, 4b with magnet rotors 10c, 10d, as will be described later with reference to FIG. 2(d). In this case, the magnet is attached to the protrusion 22.
a and 22b, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path passing through the magnet is about the same as that of air, so the above-mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated. The second means is rotors 4a, 4b
is deformed as shown in FIG. 2(C) to reduce the width of the outer rotating surface.

The width of the outer rotating surface is small, so the rotor weighs 4g.

A magnetically saturated state can be achieved in the vicinity of the outer circumferential rotating surface of 4b.

Therefore, the induction constant becomes small, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic path indicated by the arrow 23d becomes large, and the above-mentioned disadvantages can be eliminated.

When the armature core becomes magnetically saturated, leakage flux increases,
This generates counter torque, so in order to prevent this it is necessary to make the cross-sectional area of the armature core sufficiently large.

When the rotor 4a faces the left and right protrusions of the armature coil 5a, the magnetic flux density near the outer peripheral surface of the rotor 4a increases, causing iron loss during rotation. Rotor 4a, 4
If b is composed of a laminate of silicon steel plates, the iron loss will be minimal.

Armature cores 13a, 13b, --... and 14
Since the magnetic flux density passing through a, 14b, . . . does not change, there is no iron loss.

When each armature coil is energized from a DC power source, it rotates as a DC motor, and the losses are only copper loss and mechanical loss, so a highly efficient motor can be obtained. Furthermore, there is an effect that torque ripple can be obtained without any torque ripple. Since there is no position detection element and semiconductor circuit, there is an effect that a heat resistant and inexpensive brushless motor can be obtained.

Since there is no phase switching, there is no generation of counter torque.

Therefore, there is an effect that a high speed electric motor can be obtained.

The principle of drive torque generation is similar to that of the well-known brush-type, lap-wound DC motor, so it is characterized by the ability to obtain a high-output DC motor.

When the rotor 4a is driven in one direction by a drive source, an induced voltage is generated in each armature coil, so if the armature coils are connected in series and the induced voltages are added and derived, a generator is obtained. For small output, it can be used as a tacho generator.

The effect is the same as when used as an electric motor.

This is an effective method because there is no ripple in the output voltage.

FIG. 2(b) shows another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

In FIG. 2(b), members other than the rotors 10a, 10b, the mild steel cylinder 10, and the excitation coil 9 have the same configuration as in FIG. 2(a).

The center of a mild steel cylinder 10 is fixed to the rotating shaft 1,
On both sides of the rotor 10a, 1 made of a mild steel ring,
The inner peripheral part of 0b is fitted.

The excitation coil 9 is wound around an annular core 8, and the outer periphery of the core 8 is fixed to the center portions of the armature cores 13a and 14a and another set of armature cores.

When the excitation coil 9 is energized from a DC power source, the rotor 10a
, 10b have N in the same way.

Excited to S pole. Therefore, the rotors 10a and 10b are
Since the rotors 4a and 4b in FIG. 2(a) perform the same function, they can be used as an excitation type DC motor as shown in FIG. 2(a).
) has exactly the same effect as the case. It also has the same effect as a generator. Therefore, the objectives of the invention are achieved.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 2(d) will be described.

In FIG. 2(d), the rotating shaft 1 includes a cylinder 1 made of mild steel.
0, and the inner peripheral parts of annular magnets 10c and 10d are fitted on both sides thereof. The inner circumferential surface of the magnet 10c is uniformly magnetized as an S pole, and the outer circumferential surface is uniformly magnetized as a N pole, and the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the magnet 10d are uniformly magnetized as N and S poles, respectively. Therefore, the magnet 10c.

10d is a rotor, and the outer rotating surface is uniformly N.

Since it is magnetized to the S pole and performs the same function as the rotors 4a and 4b in FIG. 2(a), the outer part indicated by the dotted line B is connected to the outer casing 11. in FIG. 2(a). Armature cores 13a, 13b,
- and 14a, 14b, =- armature flow motor or generator.

Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved.

FIGS. 5(a), 5(b), and 5(c) show other embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 5(a), outer casings 15a and 15b are made of a non-magnetic material such as plastic material or die-cast aluminum, and are fitted together at the outer periphery.

A rotary shaft 1 is rotatably supported by ball bearings 3a and 3b, and a disk-shaped magnet portion is attached to the south pole of the rotary shaft 1.
It is magnetized in the same way. 2h 1) 叉吋bh k4p?
&l 1 Mild steel disk 19a is attached to the N and S magnetic pole faces to close the magnetic path. Armature magnetic cores and armature coils 5a, 5c, indicated by symbols 16a and 16c, are opposed to the magnetic pole surface on the lower surface of the magnet rotor 19.

The armature described above will now be described in detail.

A plan view of the armature seen from the direction of arrow P in FIG. 5(a) is shown in FIG. 6(a).

Figure 6(a) shows the armature on the circumference at the entire circumference, that is, at 3
This shows a 60 degree section.

In FIG. 6(a), a U-shaped armature core 16 made of magnetic material
The armature coil 5a is placed in the central recess of a, 16b, .
, 5b, . . . are wrapped.

At the open ends of the magnetic paths of the armature cores 16a, 16b,...
Both ends of the magnetic yokes 26a, 26b, . . . are closely fixed to close the magnetic path of the magnetic flux caused by the armature coil.

After the armature coils are attached to the armature cores 16a, 16b, . . . , the electric machine cores are fitted into the recesses (not shown) of the outer casing 15b shown in FIG. 5(a). At this time, the armature coil portion needs to be housed in a deeper recess. The magnetic yokes 26a, 26b, . . . are also fitted into the recesses of the outer casing 15b by the same means.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), the radial width of the armature core is approximately equal to the radial width of the N pole of the magnet rotor 19, and the magnetic yoke 26a.

The protrusions of the armature core including 26b, . . . are opposed to the S pole of the magnet rotor.

FIG. 7(b) is a sectional view taken along the dotted line Q in FIG. 6(a) in the direction of the arrow.

FIG. 7(a) is a plan view of the armature.

In FIG. 7(b), the armature cores 16a are N opposed to each other.

The magnetic flux of the N pole is transmitted through the armature magnetic core 16a1 and the magnetic yoke 26a.
It passes through and is closed at the south pole.

This magnetic flux is shown as arrows 24a, 24b in FIG. 7(a).

The magnetic flux due to energization of the armature coil 5a is shown as an arrow 23, and since this magnetic path is closed without any air gaps, the leakage magnetic flux in other parts is small.

The magnetic flux on the right side of the armature core 16a is the sum of arrows 23 and 24b, and the magnetic flux on the left side is the difference between arrows 23"k and 24a, so the magnet rotor 19 is driven in the direction indicated by the arrow by magnetic repulsion. be done.

The situation is similar for the other armature coils, so the magnet rotor 19 becomes a DC motor driven in the direction of the arrow, and when the magnet rotor 19 is driven by a drive source, it becomes a generator.

Dotted lines 30a and 30b in FIG. 7(b) indicate the armature magnetic core 16
This is the protrusion provided in a. A dotted line 1 indicates the position of the rotation axis.

The protrusions 30a are provided on both sides of the armature coil 5a, and the protrusions 30b are provided on the left side of the armature core 16a.

According to this means, the gap length between the protrusions 30a and 3Qb and the N and S magnetic pole rotation surfaces of the magnet rotor 19 is reduced, and the amount of magnetic flux shown by arrows 24a and 24b can be increased to increase the output torque. This is an effective method. As shown in FIG. 6(a), in this embodiment, there are four armatures, but the number of armatures can be increased or decreased depending on the purpose of use.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), the armature is provided only on the inner surface of the outer casing 15b, but an armature with exactly the same configuration is installed inside the outer casing 15b.
The object of the present invention can also be achieved even if it is additionally disposed inside a.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5(b) is based on the outer casing 15 of FIG. 5(a).
A portion corresponding to the outer casing 15b is shown as a symbol 15c by removing a.

The symbol 15c has the feature that it can be constructed flatly because it can use a part of the main body of, for example, a hard disk that uses an electric motor. That is, one portion 15c of the main body also serves as the outer casing 15b. A rotary shaft 1 is rotatably supported by ball bearings 3a and 3b provided on the main body, and a central portion of the bottom surface of a rotor 19a made of a cup-shaped mild steel plate is fixed to the lower end thereof.

A magnet rotor 19 (the same as that shown in FIG. 5(a)) is attached to the rotor 19a, and the magnetic paths of the N and S poles are closed.

Armature magnetic cores 16a, 16b,... and magnetic yoke 26
a, 26b, . . . have the same configuration as those with the same symbols in FIG. Thus, the object of the present invention is achieved.

The cross-sectional area of each magnetic path in the embodiments described above must be such that the magnetic flux does not become saturated.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5(C) will be described.

In FIG. 5(e), an outer casing 15b made of a non-magnetic material such as a plastic material or aluminum die-casting and an outer casing 15a made of a magnetic material are fitted at their outer peripheries, and their central parts are fitted together. A rotary shaft 1 is rotatably supported by ball bearings 3a and 3b provided in the rotary shaft 1.

A central portion of a disc-shaped magnet rotor 31 is fixed to the rotating shaft 1 .

Both sides of the outer periphery of the magnet rotor 31 are uniformly magnetized into N and S poles as shown.

Symbols 18a and 18c are armature magnetic cores fixed to the outer casing 15b, to which armature coils 5a and * are attached.

Next, details of the armature core and armature coil will be explained.

FIG. 6(b) is a plan view of the outer casing 15b viewed from the direction of arrow P.

In FIG. 6(b), armature coils 5a, 5b, . . . are wound around armature cores 1ga, 18b, .

The magnetic cores 18a, 18b, . . . are fitted and fixed in recesses provided in the outer casing 15b, and the armature coil portion is an even deeper recess.

The ends of the armature magnetic cores 18a, 18br... are bent in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper to form upright parts 27a, 27b.
.

27c, 27d, . . . are provided.

Since each of the four armatures has the same configuration, the details are shown in Fig. 7 (c) (d) (e) (
f') will be explained.

FIG. 7(C) is a plan view of the armature core 18a and the armature coil 5a wound around it.

The 7th cross-sectional view taken along the dotted line Q in Figure 6(b) in the direction of the arrow.
It is figure (d).

The armature coil 5a wound around the armature magnetic core 18a faces the N-pole surface of the magnet rotor 31 with an air gap interposed therebetween.

A dotted line 1 indicates the position of the rotation axis.

The magnetic flux of the N pole of the magnet rotor 31 is the magnetic flux of the armature magnetic core 18
a and the upright portion 27a at its end, and the outer casing (magnetic material) 1
5a and passes through a magnetic path closed by the south pole face.

This magnetic flux is shown as arrows 24a and 24b in FIG. 7(c).

The magnetic flux due to energization of the armature coil 5a is shown by arrow 23 in Fig. 7a.
The armature magnetic core 18a1 upright portion 27a,
27b, which becomes the magnetic flux passing through the outer casing 15a.

Since there is no air gap in this magnetic path, the magnetic resistance is extremely small and there is almost no leakage magnetic flux.

On the right side of the armature core 18H in FIG. 7(C), the magnetic flux 24b due to the magnet rotor 31 and the magnetic flux 23 due to the armature coil 5a are in the same direction and are added together.

On the left side of the armature core 18a, there is a difference between the two.

Therefore, due to the magnetic repulsion, the magnet rotor 31 generates a driving force in the direction of the arrow and rotates.

Since the above-mentioned circumstances are the same for the other armature coils, the magnet rotor 31 becomes a DC motor driven in one direction.

When the magnet rotor 31 is rotated by a drive source, generating power is generated in the armature coil and becomes a generator.

The cross-sectional area of each magnetic path is set to a size that does not saturate the magnetic flux.

The magnetic flux of the N pole of the magnet rotor 31 is the magnetic flux of the armature magnetic core 18
When it enters the armature coil 5a, it passes through a space equal to the thickness of the armature coil 5a, which has the disadvantage of increasing magnetic resistance.

By providing protrusions indicated by dotted lines 28 on both sides of the armature coil 5a, the gap between the protrusions and the N-pole surface of the magnet rotor 31 can be reduced, so the magnetic resistance is significantly reduced, and the amount of magnetic flux indicated by arrows 24a and 24b is reduced. This is an effective means because it can increase the output torque.

In the above-described embodiment, the armature is arranged and fixed to the outer casing 15b, but the output can be doubled by adding an armature to the outer casing 15a.

This means is shown in FIGS. 7(e) and (f').

The armature in FIG. 7(e) is modified as shown in FIG. 7(e). That is, the open end of the magnetic path of the armature magnetic core 19a becomes straight. The upper part of the upright part is bent vertically and is marked 29a,
29b.

The electric machine magnetic core 19a is attached to the outer casing 15 by the same means as in the previous embodiment.
It is arranged and fixed inside b.

The armature core 20a has a U-shape in which the upright portion of the armature core 19a and its bent portions 29a and 29b are removed, and
The armature coil 6-a is wound around the central recess.

The armature core 20a is arranged and fixed inside the outer casing 15a by the same means. The outer casing 15a is made of non-magnetic material.

The magnetic flux of the N pole of the magnet rotor 31 is
a, its protrusion, upright portion 29a.

29b, the armature magnetic core 20a, and a magnetic path closed at the S pole surface.

This magnetic flux is indicated by the arrow 24a in FIG. 7(e).

24b, and in the armature core 20a, it is in the right direction.

The magnetic flux by the armature coils 5a and 6a is in the direction of arrow 23 in FIG. 7(e) and is closed through the U-shaped portion of the armature core 20a.

The magnetic flux 24b and the magnetic flux 23 are connected to the armature core 19a.

On the right side of 20a, they are in the same direction and are added, and armature core 1
Since there is a difference on the left side of 9a and 20a, the magnet rotor 31 becomes a DC motor that rotates by obtaining a driving torque in the direction of the arrow.

The protrusions indicated by dotted lines 28a and 28b are the armature coil 5a,
When provided protrudingly on both sides of each of 6a, the effect is the same as that of the protruding portion indicated by the dotted line 28 in FIG. 7(d),
By increasing the amount of magnetic flux indicated by arrows 24a and 24b, the output torque can be increased.

One set of armatures including armature cores 19a and 20a is connected to the outer casing 15.
A plurality of armatures are disposed along the circumferential surfaces of the arms a and 15b, and each armature has the configuration shown in FIG. 7(f) to constitute a DC motor that generates output torque in the same direction. Further, when the magnet rotor 31 is rotated by a driving source, a generator can be configured.

Therefore, the object of the present invention can be achieved.

In the apparatus of the present invention shown in FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b), the rotor 4a rotates even at high speeds of around 100,000 revolutions per minute.

Since 4b, 10a, and 10b are made of mild steel, they are characterized by being prevented from being damaged by centrifugal force. In the case of Figure 2(a),
If the outer periphery of the magnet 4 is covered with the nickel sleeve 3, centrifugal damage can be prevented.

Next, the features when the device of the present invention is configured as a generator or an electric motor will be described below.

Since a constant current always flows in one direction through the armature coil, there is no change in the stored magnetic energy. Therefore, in the case of an electric motor, an output torque without torque ripple can be obtained, and in the case of a generator, a voltage output proportional to the rotation speed without voltage ripple can be obtained. Furthermore, when there is a speed fluctuation, a voltage output with quick response can be obtained, so it can provide an effective technology as a tacho generator.

Since it has a brushless configuration and does not require an electronic circuit for controlling energization of the armature coil, a small, inexpensive, and heat-resistant generator or motor can be obtained.

It has the feature that a rectifier for switching the energization of the armature coil is not required.

Since there is no storage and release of magnetic energy in the armature coil,
Even at high speeds, there is no generation of counter-torque, and a high-speed motor with good efficiency can be obtained.Efficiency is good because there is no iron loss.

Since the armature current does not change and its direction does not change, it is characterized by eliminating electromagnetic noise and mechanical vibration.

In the case of an electric motor, by using one of the multiple armature coils as a power generation coil and the others as torque generation coils, the energization of the armature coil can be controlled by the output of the power generation coil. Constant speed control can be performed. Since there is no time lag in the output of the generator coil,
It has the characteristic of providing accurate and responsive constant speed control.

〔effect〕

First effect: An electric motor with flat torque characteristics without torque ripple or a generator without ripple voltage can be obtained.

The second effect rectifier is not required, the structure is brushless, and the energization control circuit for armature current control is eliminated.

Third effect: Since no reaction torque is generated, a high-speed electric motor can be obtained.

Fourth effect: Since there is no iron loss and no counter torque is generated, a highly efficient electric motor or generator can be obtained.

Fifth effect: Since the amount of current flowing through the armature coil does not change and the direction of current flowing does not change either, electromagnetic noise and mechanical vibration are significantly reduced.

Since there is no switching of the sixth effect phase, there is no iron loss. Therefore, a soft steel material, or a sintered product of mild steel powder or silicon steel powder can be used as the magnetic core. Therefore, the configuration becomes easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the principle of torque generation and induced voltage generation by the magnetic rotor of the device of the present invention, Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is a developed view of the fixed armature. ,
Figure 4 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the armature coil and armature core,
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the outer casing containing the armature coil of the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, and FIG. 7 is the same as that shown in FIG. (b) Detailed explanatory diagrams of the armature coil and armature core of the embodiment of (c) are shown, respectively. 1... Rotating shaft, 2a, 2b... Side plate, 3a. 3 b...Bearing, 4, 4a, 4b, 10, 10a
. 10b, 19.31... magnet and rotor, 5a,
5b, ., 6a, 6b, -=armature coil, 7...
Load, 8a, 8b, . . . Current direction, 7a. 7b... Direction of magnetic field lines, 3... Nickel sleeve, 8... Winding frame (core), 9... Exciting coil,
11゜15a, 15b, 15c=・Outer casing, 13a. 13b, -, 14a, 14b, -, 16a. 16b, -18a, 18b, -, 19a. 19b,..., 20a, 20b,... Armature core, 13-1.13-2, 22a, 22b, 30a. 30b, 28, 28a, 28b--protrusion, 27a,
27b, .=upright portion, 26a, 26b. ...Magnetic material yoke, B...Motor outer casing part, 23
．． 23c, 23d, 24a, 24b--direction of magnetic flux,
19a...mild steel disc. This figure (α) School figure (6) μm-U fold 2 cause (C) ,B turn (d) Figure 3 sheep 4 mortar (a> sheep 4 times (4) sheep country ((L> fold) Sun (-6) Certain drawing (C> Kyo θ film> Juku 6 drawing (4) Art 7 drawing (CL) Na 7 drawing (C) Juku drawing (d) Procedural amendment (voluntary) February 1990 - 23 Day

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A disk-shaped first rotor whose outer circumferential surface has the same polarity and is uniformly magnetized, and a disk-shaped first rotor whose outer circumferential surface has the same polarity and is uniformly magnetized; A non-magnetic outer casing that houses the second rotor and the first and second rotors, first and second side plates fixed to both sides thereof, and the center of the first and second side plates. A rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in the section, and the first and second rotors are arranged such that the outer circumferential rotating surfaces of the first and second rotors face the inner surface of the outer casing with a gap in between. a plurality of armatures provided with armature coils wound around at least one of opposing sides of a rectangular armature core; The electric motors are spaced apart from each other at equal pitches inside the outer casing so that their sides are opposed to each other with an air gap along the rotational direction of the magnetic pole rotation surfaces of the first and second rotors along with the wound armature coils. means for arranging and fixing the child, and a generator that derives a generated voltage induced in each armature coil by the rotation of the first and second rotors, or when energizing each armature coil, the first,
An electromagnetic rotating machine characterized in that it is configured as one of a DC motor that generates an output torque in one direction in a second rotor. (2) A disc-shaped magnetic rotor, the outside of one rotating side of the rotor is uniformly magnetized as a N pole, the inside is uniformly magnetized as an S pole, and the outside of the opposite rotating side is uniformly magnetized as an S pole, and the inside is uniformly magnetized as an N pole, and a rotating shaft rotatably supported by a bearing provided in an outer casing made of a non-magnetic material. and a plurality of armatures each having an armature coil wound around one side of a rectangular armature core;
One side of the armature core is opposed to the wrapped armature coil along the rotational direction of the outer magnetic pole rotating surface of the magnet rotor via a gap, and the other opposing side is opposite to the inner magnetic pole rotating surface. means for arranging and fixing armatures facing each other with a gap in between and spaced apart from each other at equal pitches on the inner side of the outer casing; and the fixed armature being arranged and fixed only on one side of the outer casing. In this case, by attaching a magnetic plate to the N and S magnetic pole rotation surfaces of the magnet rotor facing the other side to close the magnetic path, and by rotating the magnet rotor,
It is characterized by being configured as either a generator that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil, or a DC motor that generates an output torque in one direction to the magnet rotor when each armature coil is energized. Electromagnetic rotating machine. (3) A disk-shaped magnetic rotor whose rotating surfaces on both sides are uniformly magnetized to N and S poles, respectively, and whose rotating shaft is supported by a bearing provided on the outer casing side plate, and two outer casing side plates. an outer casing that faces the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor through air gaps, a plurality of armatures each having an armature coil wound around a central concave portion of a U-shaped armature core; The central concave portion of the magnetic core is opposed to the wrapped armature coil with an air gap along the rotational direction of one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor, and the armature is removed with equal pitches from each other. A means for disposing and fixing the inside of the case side plate, and closing the magnetic path of the open end of the U-shaped armature magnetic core with a magnetic material on the opposite side of the outer case, and connecting the magnetic material to the other one of the magnet rotors. A generator that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil by the rotation of the magnet rotor, or a generator that derives the generated voltage induced in each armature coil by the rotation of the magnet rotor, or when each armature coil is energized, the magnet rotor An electromagnetic rotating machine characterized in that it is configured as a DC motor that generates output torque in one direction. (4) A disc-shaped magnetic rotor whose rotating surfaces on both sides are uniformly magnetized to N and S poles, respectively, and whose rotating shaft is supported by a bearing provided on the outer casing side plate, and two outer casing side plates. a plurality of first armatures each having an outer casing that faces the N and S magnetic poles of the magnet rotor through an air gap, and an armature coil wound around a central concave portion of a U-shaped armature core; A plurality of second armatures having the same configuration and the central recessed portion of the armature magnetic core of the first armature are wound together with the armature coil wound along the rotational direction of one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor. The armatures are arranged and fixed inside the outer casing side plate, facing each other with a gap in between and spaced apart from each other at equal pitches.
The central concave portion of the armature magnetic core of the second armature is opposed to the wound armature coil along the rotational direction of the other one magnetic pole rotation surface of the magnet rotor via a gap, and the first and second A generator or each armature that derives a generated voltage induced in each armature coil by means of closing the magnetic path by closely contacting two magnetic path open ends of the armature magnetic core of the armature, and rotation of a magnet rotor. An electromagnetic rotating machine characterized in that it is configured as any one of a direct current motor that generates an output torque in one direction in a magnet rotor when a coil is energized.