JPH0321281B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Technical Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a chuck device for a lathe that can quickly attach and detach pawls at a plurality of locations.

(b) Background of the technology In order to speed up machining operations using lathes, an important issue is how efficiently setup operations such as pawl replacement can be performed.

(c) Prior art and problems Most of the conventional chuck devices have the pawl fastened and fixed to the master jaw with bolts, etc. Therefore, when replacing the pawl, it is necessary to remove the bolts one by one. However, it has the disadvantage that it is complicated and time-consuming.

Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-168806 discloses a chuck device used in an automatic chuck pawl changing device, but the chuck device can be operated at multiple locations only by a cylinder for chuck removal provided in the changing device. The chuck pawls can be attached and detached, and cannot be applied to a lathe alone, that is, a lathe without an automatic chuck pawl exchange device.

(d) Purpose of the Invention In order to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention eliminates the need to attach and remove bolts and the like every time the pawl is replaced, so that the pawl replacement work can be done quickly and efficiently.
Moreover, it is an object of the present invention to provide a chuck device in which the chuck can be replaced only on the chuck device side, regardless of the presence of other devices such as an automatic claw changing device.

(e) Structure of the Invention That is, the present invention provides a pawl holding hole in the master jaw, and a pawl is provided in the holding hole so as to be detachable in a direction parallel to the spindle axis via a shank portion.
Furthermore, the engagement and holding means of the claw of the master jyo,
The main body is provided so that the engagement state with the pawl can be released from the outer peripheral side, and a releasing means for the engagement holding means is provided around the main body.

(f) Examples of the invention Examples of the invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the chuck device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 5 is a front view showing the stopper pin, FIG. 6 is a rear view of the stopper pin shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the lock block, and FIG. 8 is the same as the one shown in FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the lock block and pawl disengaged, and FIG. It is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the chuck device 1 has a main shaft 3 rotatably supported by a head stock 2, and a cylindrical main body 5 attached to the main shaft 3.
is installed. The headstock 2 is also provided with three cylinders 6 around the main body 5 in the form of rods 6a that can protrude and retract in the directions of arrows A and B. A pusher 7 is provided to surround the main body 5. Note that an inclined surface 7a is formed on the pusher 7 on the main body 5 side.

On the other hand, a shifter 9 is engaged with the central portion of the main body 5 so as to be slidable in the directions of arrows A and B.
Arrows A and B are aligned with the axis 3a of the main shaft 3.
A rod 10 provided so as to be able to protrude and retract in the direction is screwed and fixed. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer circumference of the shifter 9 has three engaging grooves 9a arranged at a pitch of 120°.
Each engagement groove 9a is formed in a direction oblique to the axis 3a in FIG.
1a is fitted and engaged so as to be freely slidable. In addition, the Jyo 11 also has the following for the main body 5:
The guide groove 5a is fitted into a guide groove 5a formed radially in the main body 5, and is supported so as to be movable in the directions of arrows C and D in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, a hole 11f is bored in the master jaw 11 toward the axis 3a, and a guide tube 20 is fitted into the hole 11f. The guide tube 20 is fixed to the master jaw 11 via a lid 21, and a stopper pin 12 is attached to the guide tube 20 with the pin tip 12a protruding toward the outer peripheral portion 5b of the main body in the directions of arrows C and D. That is, it is fitted into and engaged with the axis 3a in the second figure so as to be movable in the radial direction. Pin 12 is the fifth
As shown in the figure and FIG. 6, a guide groove 12b is bored parallel to the direction of the pin axis 12e, and a guide groove 12b is formed at an angle α with respect to the direction of the pin axis 12e on the substantially opposite side of the guide groove 12b. Guide groove 1 drilled diagonally
2c, and a collar 12d is formed at the upper part of the pin 12 in the figure. A coil spring 13 is compressed between the collar 12d and the guide cylinder 20, and the spring 13 always urges the pin 12 in the direction of arrow C. Further, a guide pin 22 screwed into the lower part of the guide cylinder 20 is provided in the guide groove 12b, with its tip fitted into the stopper pin 12, and a lock block 23 is provided in the stopper pin 12, as shown in FIG. They are engaged to be rotatable in the directions of arrows E and F in FIG. 9 about the pin 12 via 23a. A screw 23b is screwed into the block 23 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the hole 23a, and a guide pin 25 is attached to the screw 23b, and the tip thereof is inserted into a guide groove as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. 12c.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 9, each master jaw 11 has a claw holding hole 11b formed therein, and the claw holding hole 11b has two cylindrical holding surfaces 11c. , 11d and their holding surfaces 11
A substantially conical guide surface 11e is formed between c and 11d.

The pawl 15 is inserted into the pawl holding hole 11b, and the pawl 15 is attached to the shank portion 1.
As shown in FIG. 4, the shank portion 15a has cylindrical portions 15b and 15c provided above and below in the figure, and a substantially cylindrical engaging portion 15d. It is formed. Engagement part 1
5d, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 9, a notch 15e is formed in contact with the cylindrical portion 15b, and below the shank portion 15a in FIG.
Top jyo 15g via base jyo 15f
is provided.

Since the chuck device 1 according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, the gripping operation of the workpiece by the claws 15 is performed by protruding and retracting the rod 10 in the directions of arrows A and B. That is, when the rod 10 is first projected in the direction B, the shifter 9 also moves in the direction B relative to the main body 5, and the engagement groove 9a and the guide rail 1
Each master jaw 11 engaged via 1a
slides in the direction C along the guide groove 5a together with the pawl 15, and the pawl 15 opens. In this state, when the workpiece 16 is inserted along the axis 3a and the rod 10 is moved in the A direction together with the shifter 9, each claw 15 converges in the D direction together with the master jaw 11 and grips the workpiece 16. .

In this state, when the main shaft 3 is rotated together with the main body 5, the workpiece 16 is rotated via the master jaw 11 and the claws 15, and predetermined machining can be performed.

Next, when replacing the pawl 15, the pawl 15 is moved together with the master jaw 11 in the C direction to remove the workpiece 16 from the pawl 15, and then the shifter 9 is further moved in the B direction. As a result, the master jaw 11 further moves in the C direction and is positioned at a predetermined claw replacement position.

Next, the cylinder 6 is driven to project the pusher 7 in the direction B via the rod 6a. Then,
The inclined surface 7a of the pusher 7 and the tip 12a of the stopper pin 12 abut and engage with each other, and as the pusher 7 further moves in the direction B, the stopper pin 12 is moved against the elasticity of the coil spring 13 via the inclined surface 7a. It is pushed down in the D direction. At this time, pin 1
2 moves in the direction of arrow D without any rotation about the pin axis 12e by the guide pin 22 and guide groove 12b screwed into the guide cylinder 20. However, the guide groove 12c is located at the pin axis 12e.
When the pin 12 moves in the D direction without rotating, the lock block 23 engaged with the guide groove 12c and the guide pin 25 moves in the E direction around the pin 12. Rotate. Then, until then, the shank part 1 of the claw 15
The lock block 23, which was in abutting engagement with the cylindrical portion 15b through the notch 15e of the shank portion 15a to prevent the pawl 15 from falling off in the direction B, is disengaged from the shank portion 15a, as shown in FIG. And as shown in FIG. 11, it retreats from the surface of the claw holding hole 11b.

In this state, when the claw 15 is pulled out in the direction B, the shank portion 15a is removed from the master jaw 11 without being hindered by the block 23 in any way.

The pusher 7 surrounds the main body 5 in an annular shape, so when the pusher 7 protrudes in the B direction, the three stopper pins 12 are simultaneously pressed down in the D direction, and therefore the three corresponding claws 15 7, the engagement and holding state is released at the same time, and the state becomes such that it can be removed from each master jaw 11.

Therefore, all the nails 15 currently installed,
Remove the claw 15 from each master jaw 11 by pulling it out in the direction of arrow B, which is a direction parallel to the axis 3a, and then insert the claw 15 to be replaced into the claw holding hole 11b of each master jaw 11 in the shank portion 15a.
is inserted in the A direction, and the base jyo 15f
is set so that it fits into the guide groove 5a.
At this time, the shank portion 15a is inserted with the cylindrical portion 15b being guided by the guide surface 11e of the holding hole 11b, so the claw 15 is smoothly fitted and engaged with the master jaw 11.

When all three claws 15 are fitted and engaged with the master jaw 11, the cylinder 6 releases the rod 6a.
move in direction A. Then Pushya 7 is also A
Due to the elasticity of the spring 13, each stopper pin 12 that was moved in the C direction and was in abutment engagement with the pusher 7
By the guide groove 12c, the lock block 23 also rotates in the F direction as shown in FIGS. engage with each other.

The angle α of the guide groove 12c with respect to the pin axis 12e is such that even if a force in the direction B acts on the claw 15, the pin 12
Since the claw 15 is set at an appropriate angle so that it will not be pushed down in the D direction, the claw 15 is held by the block 23 without slipping out into the holding hole 11b. Further, since the pin 12 is always urged in the C direction by the coil spring 13, and the lock block 23 is also always urged in the F direction, the claw 15 is always pulled in the A direction via the cylindrical portion 15b. Thus, the claw 15 is securely held in the holding hole 11b.

Furthermore, since the base jaw 15f of the pawl 15 is fitted into the guide groove 5a of the main body 5, each top jaw 15g is correctly set in the direction of the axis 3a. Also, when the shifter 9 grips the workpiece 16, the stress caused by the gripping is applied to the cylindrical portions 15b, 15c.
The holding surface 11d, 1 of the master jaw 11 is
The force is transmitted to the 1c side, and the workpiece 16 is reliably gripped. As is clear from the figure, the fit between the engaging portion 15d of the pawl 15 and the guide surface 11e of the master jaw 11 is a loose fit, so when the pawl 15 is set in the holding hole 11b, the shank portion 15a is Even if the guide surface 11e is damaged due to collision with the guide surface 11e, the holding accuracy of the claw 15 in the holding hole 11b will not be adversely affected.

(g) Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, the master jaw 11 is provided with the claw holding hole 11b, and
A claw 15 is removably provided in the holding hole 11b in a direction parallel to the spindle axis 3a via a shank portion 15a, and a stopper pin 1 is provided in the master jaw 11.
2 and a lock block 23 are provided so that the engagement with the claw 15 can be released from the outer circumference 5b side of the main body 5, and a pusher 7 or other claw is provided around the main body 5. Since the release means for the 15 engagement and holding means is provided, the claws 15 can be attached and detached from the chuck device 1 by simply driving the release means, pulling out each claw 15 in a direction parallel to the axis 3a, and inserting it. This can be done immediately, and there is no need to perform the cumbersome work of attaching and detaching bolts for each pawl as in the past, and the replacement work can be done quickly and efficiently.

In addition, the replacement work of the pawl 15 can be performed only on the chuck device 1 side (that is, manually) without being concerned with the presence of other devices such as an automatic pawl exchange device, which makes the work of replacing the pawl 15 extremely useful. This makes it possible to provide a chuck device 1.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the chuck device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 5 is a front view showing the stopper pin, FIG. 6 is a rear view of the stopper pin shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing the lock block, and FIG. 8 is the same as the one shown in FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing the lock block and pawl disengaged, and FIG. It is a sectional view taken along the line XI-XI. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Chuck device, 3...Main shaft, 3a...Axis center, 5...Main body, 5b...Outer periphery, 7...Release means (pusher), 11...Master jaw, 11
b...Claw holding hole, 12...Engagement holding means (stopper pin), 15...Claw, 15a...Shank portion,
23... Engagement holding means (lock block).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a chuck device for a lathe, which has a main body mounted on a rotatable main shaft, and in which a plurality of master jaws are provided on the main body so as to be movable radially around the main shaft axis, the master jaw holds a pawl. In addition to providing a hole, a pawl is provided in the holding hole so as to be detachable in a direction parallel to the axis of the main shaft via the shank portion, and furthermore, a pawl engaging and holding means is provided in the master jaw on the outer peripheral portion of the main body. What is claimed is: 1. A chuck device for a lathe, wherein the chuck device is provided so as to be able to release the engagement state with the pawl from the side, and includes a release means for the engagement holding means provided around the main body.