JPH0321352A - Crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily crush an object to be crushed by respectively providing a large number of projections to both side walls contributing to crushing among the side walls of the container having an almost rectangular parallelepiped shape constituting a crusher. CONSTITUTION:One side wall 5 of a container 1 having an almost rectangular parallelepiped shape moves to the other side wall 3 opposed to the side wall 5 in the direction shortening the distance between both side walls to crush the object to be ground placed in the container 1. A large number of long projections 7a-7n, 8a-8n having a trapezoidal or rectangular cross-section or a large number of truncated cone-shaped projections are provided to the inner surfaces of both side walls 3, 5. The protruding parts forming the projections of one side wall 5 and the recessed parts formed between the projections of the other side wall 3 form gaps 9a-9n for receiving the crushed pieces of the object to be crushed to be fitted in mutually. As a result, the object to be crushed can be easily crushed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention particularly relates to a crusher that can easily crush castings (cast iron, aluminum castings, etc.). [Prior Art] Conventionally, for example, a crusher as shown in Fig. 5 has been known. In the figure, a container 2 having an approximately rectangular parallelepiped shape with an open top
Among the four side walls 21 to 24 of the crusher having 0, three side walls 2
1 to 23 are fixed, and the other side wall 24 is configured to be movable relative to the opposing side wall 22 in a direction to shorten or expand the distance between both side walls 24 and 22. here,
The four side walls 21 to 24 have flat surfaces. In this type of crusher, castings (for example, engines, cast iron such as manhole covers, aluminum casting products) and other medium-sized and large-sized waste materials (objects to be crushed) are placed in the rectangular parallelepiped container 2.
0 and the side walls 24 are moved relative to the side walls 22 by, for example, hydraulic drive means. 22 to compress and crush the object to be crushed. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional crusher shown in FIG. 5, each side wall 22.
Since the wall surface of 24 has a flat surface, even if it is possible to sufficiently compress the object to be crushed, it is impossible to apply stress such as shear stress other than sufficient compression to the object to be crushed. ．． Furthermore, since no force such as shear stress is applied to the object to be crushed, there is also the disadvantage that the object to be crushed is subjected to excessive compression, making crushing even more difficult. In addition, in the conventional crusher described above, the two side walls 22.
Since the object to be crushed is crushed only by the pressure exerted by the crusher 24, the size of the crushed pieces varies, which poses an inconvenience in that subsequent processing such as dumping and transportation is hindered. The present invention was proposed in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a crusher that can crush objects to be crushed very easily. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention provides a crusher having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container, in which one side wall of the container has a distance between the both side walls of the other side wall opposite to the side wall. In a crusher that moves relatively in a direction of shortening and crushes an object to be crushed placed in the container, in order to apply shear stress or other stress other than pressure to the object to be crushed, on each inner surface of the both side walls, We decided to provide multiple elongated projections with a trapezoidal or rectangular cross section, or multiple frustum projections. By the way, in general, in a crusher, a driving force in a direction that shortens the distance between the one side wall and the other side wall must be large.

On the other hand, the driving force in the direction in which the distance between the one side wall and the other side wall is increased does not need to be large.

Therefore, the mechanical strength of the components of the crusher (for example, the actuator attached to the one side wall) is designed to be smaller in the latter case than in the former case. Therefore, the convex portions of the one side wall and the concave portions formed between the protrusions fit into the concave portions and convex portions of the other side wall without creating a gap. Then, a part of the object to be crushed is sandwiched between the side surface of the convex portion of the one side wall and the side surface of the convex portion of the other side wall, and the one side wall and the other side wall are not separated. It becomes impossible. As a result, the efficiency of the crushing work is extremely reduced, and if the actuator is forced to move in a direction that increases the distance between the one side wall and the other side wall, an abnormal force is applied to the actuator, etc. The crusher breaks down.

Therefore, in the present invention, the convex portions, which are the respective protrusions provided on the one side wall, and the concave portions between the respective protrusions provided on the other side wall,
A gap for storing the crushed pieces of the object to be crushed is formed so that they fit together.

That is, the present invention provides a plurality of elongated projections having a trapezoidal or rectangular cross section or a plurality of frustum projections on each inner surface of the both side walls, and a convex portion forming each projection of the one side wall and the other. The concave portions formed between the protrusions on the side wall of the machine are characterized by fitting into each other to form a cavity for storing the fragments of the object to be crushed. [Operation] The object to be crushed placed in a roughly rectangular parallelepiped container is sandwiched between both walls and receives pressure due to the shortening of the distance between one side wall and the other side wall opposite this one side wall. At the same time, the object to be crushed is subjected to shear stress and other stresses other than pressure from a plurality of elongated projections having a trapezoidal or rectangular cross section or a plurality of frustum projections provided on the both side walls.

As a result, the object to be crushed is compressed, sheared, and crushed. The crushed pieces generated by this crushing are not forcibly pinched between the toilet surface of each protrusion provided on the one side wall and the side surface of each protrusion provided on the other side wall. and the debris storage space between each protrusion of the other side wall.

The degree of density of the crushed pieces is adjusted by performing the above operation a desired number of times. [Example] An example of the present invention will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1(A) and (B). In the same figure (A), 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container which constitutes the main part of the crusher. This rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container l has an open top surface, and three side walls 2, 3, and 4 of the four side walls 2 to 5 are fixed.

The side wall 5 facing the side wall 3 has an actuator 6
The structure is such that it can be moved in a direction that changes the distance between it and the side wall 3 by expanding and contracting. Long protrusions 7a to 7n and 8a to 8n each having a trapezoidal cross section are provided in the vertical direction on the opposing surfaces of the side walls 3 and 5, respectively. Here, the long protrusions 7a to 7n and 8a to 8n are arranged so as to fit into each other alternately. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 1(B), when the respective elongated protrusions 7a to 7n and 8a to 8n fit into each other, the distance between each elongated protrusion (for example, 7b and 8a in the same figure)
, 8b) to form gaps 9a to 9n for storing crushed pieces. In addition, in FIGS. 1(A) and (B), the long protrusions 7a to 7n
, 8a to 8n are arranged vertically, but these projections may be arranged horizontally or diagonally (not shown). Moreover, instead of the elongated protrusions 7a to 7n and 8a to 8n having a trapezoidal cross section as shown in FIGS. 1(A) and (B), elongated protrusions having a rectangular cross section as shown in FIG. 10a=lOn and lla to lln may be adopted.

Furthermore, a trapezoidal projection may be provided on one side wall and a rectangular projection may be provided on the other side wall. Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment in which frustum projections are provided on the side walls 3 and 5. In the example of FIG. 3, the frustum projections are square pyramid projections 1 12 a , 12 b --
-, 13a, 13b- are adopted. In this example, similarly to the case of the elongated projections shown in FIGS. 1(A) and (B), the square pyramidal truncated projections 12a, 12b...
. . 1, 13a, 13b, . . . , and 13a, 13b to . Further, as a frustum projection, a frustum projection 14a as shown in FIG.
, 14 b --, 15 a , 15 b --
- may also be used. Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 will be explained. First, an object to be crushed (not shown) is placed in the rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container 1 of each embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4.

Then, by operating the actuator 6, the side wall 5 is moved closer to the side wall 3. Then, the object to be crushed is compressed under pressure, and
Fractures due to shear stress and other stresses.

Furthermore, when the actuator 6 is operated, the crushed pieces that are part of the object to be crushed are placed in the crushed piece storage spaces 9a to 9n in the case of FIGS. In this case, it enters the space S for storing crushed pieces.

Therefore, the problem that the object to be crushed is unnaturally pinched between the protrusions and the actuator 6 cannot operate in the direction in which the distance between the side walls 3 and 5 increases is eliminated.

Also, is there a long protrusion as shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2? a~7
n and 8a to 8n or 10a to 10n and 11a=1
If the In is placed vertically, or if the illustration is omitted, or if it is arranged diagonally, it is possible to eliminate the inconvenience that the crushed pieces of the object to be crushed will get caught on the protrusions and the subsequent work will not proceed smoothly. Also, although not shown, even if the elongated projections are arranged horizontally, as shown in FIG. 1(A). (B
), even if the cross-sectional shape of the long protrusion is trapezoidal, or if the protrusion is shaped like a frustum (i.e., each protrusion is tapered) as shown in Figures 3 and 4. Even in the case of

〔Effect of the invention〕

In the present invention, a plurality of protrusions are provided on each of the side walls of the roughly rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container constituting the crusher, which contribute to crushing, so that in addition to pressure on the object to be crushed, shear stress
By applying stress other than pressure, the crushing operation can be performed extremely easily.

In addition, the arrangement and shape of each of the protrusions are adjusted so that when the protrusions on each side wall fit into the recesses between the protrusions on the other side walls, a gap for storing debris will be created between the sides of each protrusion. Therefore, the crushed pieces of the object to be crushed will not be forcibly caught between the side surfaces of each protrusion, and therefore the crusher can be driven smoothly, and furthermore, there will be no failure of the drive unit. Furthermore, when the protrusion is an elongated protrusion and is arranged in a vertical or diagonal direction, or when the cross-sectional shape of the elongated protrusion is trapezoidal, or when the protrusion is a frustum protrusion, Since the crushed pieces fall naturally and do not get caught on the protrusions, the crushing work can proceed extremely smoothly. In addition, by performing the crushing operation a desired number of times, the coarseness and density of the crushed pieces can be adjusted, resulting in subsequent dumping and
Transportation and other processes can be carried out smoothly. As described above, the crusher of the present invention can be used to crush various types of waste, especially cast iron, aluminum
It is extremely useful industrially because it can easily and effectively crush various types of castings, such as castings.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 (A) and (B) are explanatory views of a crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which elongated protrusions with a trapezoidal cross section are arranged on the side walls, and (A) is an illustration of the overall structure. Figure 2 (B) is an explanatory diagram showing its operation, Figure 2 is an explanatory diagram of a crusher in which elongated protrusions with a rectangular cross section are arranged, and Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of a crusher in which long protrusions with a rectangular cross section are also arranged. Explanatory diagram of a crusher with conical projections arranged, No. 4
The figure is an explanatory diagram of a crusher in which similarly truncated cone-shaped cone projections are arranged, and Fig. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of a conventional crusher. 1: Rectangular parallelepiped container 2-5: Side wall 6: Actuator 7a-7n*8 a-3n,

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A crusher having a generally rectangular parallelepiped-shaped container, wherein one side wall of the container moves in a direction to shorten the distance between the two side walls with respect to the other side wall opposing the side wall, and In a crusher for crushing objects placed in a crusher, a plurality of elongated projections having a trapezoidal cross section or a rectangular cross section or a plurality of frustum projections are provided on each inner surface of each of the side walls, and each projection of the one side wall A crusher characterized in that the convex portion forming the and the concave portion formed between the protrusions of the other side wall fit into each other to form a gap for storing crushed pieces of the object to be crushed.