JPH03213563A - Production of ultrafine fiber - Google Patents

Production of ultrafine fiber

Info

Publication number
JPH03213563A
JPH03213563A JP2002905A JP290590A JPH03213563A JP H03213563 A JPH03213563 A JP H03213563A JP 2002905 A JP2002905 A JP 2002905A JP 290590 A JP290590 A JP 290590A JP H03213563 A JPH03213563 A JP H03213563A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
molecular weight
compound
component
high molecular
oxide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2002905A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2623017B2 (en
Inventor
Takeshi Fujita
武志 藤田
Chuzo Isoda
磯田 忠三
Susumu Fuyo
夫世 進
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DKS Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd filed Critical Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd
Priority to JP2002905A priority Critical patent/JP2623017B2/en
Priority to DE69033492T priority patent/DE69033492T2/en
Priority to EP90125859A priority patent/EP0436966B1/en
Priority to US07/636,813 priority patent/US5059630A/en
Priority to KR1019910000265A priority patent/KR950013490B1/en
Publication of JPH03213563A publication Critical patent/JPH03213563A/en
Priority to KR1019950009166A priority patent/KR950010518B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2623017B2 publication Critical patent/JP2623017B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
  • Polyamides (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Polyethers (AREA)
  • Polymers With Sulfur, Phosphorus Or Metals In The Main Chain (AREA)

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。
(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention] 【産業上の利用分野】[Industrial application field]

本発明は、極細繊維の製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for producing ultrafine fibers.

【従来の技術】[Conventional technology]

近年、極細繊維は種々の用途、例えば、高性能フィルタ
ー、人工皮革、不織布、高級織編物などに広く活用され
ている。 極細繊維の製造方法としては1例えば、ポリエステルと
ポリアミドまたはポリオレフィンを溶融複合紡糸した後
、ポリアミドまたはポリオレフィンを酸や溶剤で選択的
に溶解除去する方法があるが、ポリマー相互間の親和性
が低く、紡糸時に剥離を生じたり、また溶解工程で装置
の腐食の原因や人体への悪影響などの問題になり好まし
くない。 また、大量のポリエチレングリコールを共重合したポリ
エステルを溶解性ポリマーとして用いる方法の場合には
、仮撚での白粉の発生が多く、操業性を低下させる等の
問題があった。
In recent years, ultrafine fibers have been widely used in various applications, such as high-performance filters, artificial leather, nonwoven fabrics, and high-grade woven and knitted fabrics. As a method for producing ultrafine fibers, for example, there is a method in which polyester and polyamide or polyolefin are melt-spun and then the polyamide or polyolefin is selectively dissolved and removed using an acid or a solvent, but the affinity between the polymers is low, This is undesirable because it may cause peeling during spinning, cause corrosion of equipment during the melting process, or have an adverse effect on the human body. Further, in the case of a method in which a polyester copolymerized with a large amount of polyethylene glycol is used as a soluble polymer, there is a problem in that white powder is frequently generated during false twisting, reducing operability.

【発明が解決しようとする課題】[Problem to be solved by the invention]

本発明の目的は、ポリマー相互間の親和性を上げ、紡糸
時の溶融粘度が適度に有り、水に簡単に溶解するポリマ
ーを使用することによって、極細繊維を製造する方法を
提供することにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing ultrafine fibers by increasing the affinity between polymers, having an appropriate melt viscosity during spinning, and using a polymer that easily dissolves in water. .

【課題を解決するだめの手段】[Means to solve the problem]

本発明は(A)ポリエステルまたはポリアミド(以下A
成分という)と(B)活性水素基を2個有する有機化合
物にエチレンオキシドを含有するアルキレンオキシドを
付加重合せしめたポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価
カルボン酸、その無水物もしくはその低級アルキルエス
テル又はジイソシアネートとを反応させて得られる重量
平均分子ff11万以−にの高分子量化合物(以下B成
分という)が、混合された状態で紡糸され、該B成分の
ポリアルキレンオキシド系高分子量化合物を除去するこ
とによって得られる極細繊維の製造方法である。 (手段を構成する用件) 本発明に使用するアルキレンオキシド化合物において、
活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物としては、例えばエ
ヂレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレ
ングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ブヂルアミ
ン、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、アニリン等が挙げ
られる。 かかる活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物にイマ1加重
合せしめるエヂレンオキシドを含有するアルキレンオキ
シドとしては、エヂレンオキシド単独、またはエヂレン
オキシドを含有するアルキレンオキシドである。エヂレ
ンオキシド以外のアルキレンオキシドとして目次素数3
〜30のものであり、例えばプロピレンオキシド、ブヂ
レンオキシド、スヂレンオキシド、α−オレフィンエポ
キシド又はクリシジルエーデル類が挙げられる。ここで
、炭素数3〜30のアルキレンオキシドの含有量は任意
であるが、水でB成分を除去する場合はエヂレンオキシ
ドの含有量としては、全アルキレンオキシドに対して7
0〜100%(重量比)とするのが好ましい。 なお、前記有機化合物に対する前記アルキレンオキシド
のイマ1加重合は、公知の方法で行なうものである。 得られるポリアルキレンオキシド化合物の重量平均分子
■は100以上であることが好ましく、重量平均分子量
が100未満の場合、本発明の目的が達成されない。 前記ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と反応させる多価カ
ルボン酸、その無水物またはその低級アルキルエステル
としては例えばフタル酸、イソフタル酸、テレフタル酸
、セバシン酸、またはそのジエチルエステルまたはジエ
チルエステル等、またはピロメリット酸無水物や他の無
水テトラカルボン酸類等が挙げられる。 又ジイソシアネートとしては、トリレンジイソシアネー
ト、ヘキザメチレンジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイ
ソシアネート等の通常のジイソシアネートはすべて使用
できる。また、ポリプロピレングリコール等とジイソシ
アネートとの予備反応を行なった、いわゆるプレポリマ
ーも同様にジイソシアネートとして使用できる。 前記ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と前記多価カルボン
酸、その無水物またはその低級アルキルエステルとのエ
ステル縮合反応やジイソシアネートとのウレタン化反応
は、熱分解が起こり易いため、密閉した容器内で酸素の
不存在下で行なうことが好ましい。 ポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価カルボン酸、その
無水物もしくはその低級アルキルエステル又はジイソシ
アネートどの反応割合は任意である。ずなわぢ、高分子
量化合物の重量平均分子量が、10,000以上となる
ような割合であれば、いかなる割合でも良い。 本発明で用いるポリエステルは、通常知られているポリ
エチレンテレフタレート、ポリブヂレンテレフタレ−1
・で代表されるが、原料の一部分を変化させたポリエス
テル樹脂等もすべて実用に供される。また、ポリアミド
も同様に一般的なものはすべて実用に供される。 これらのΔ成分とB成分の混合は、通常オートクレーブ
中で280〜320℃、10分間程度で行なう。この際
、酸化防止剤や老化防止剤等の安定化剤を添加してお(
方が好ましい。また、混合比はA成分二B成分=20〜
80 : 80〜20好ましくは30〜70 : 70
〜30(重量比)である。 さらに、必要に応じて帯電防止剤、無機フィラ、着色剤
など適宜添加することができる。 得られた混合物は通常の溶融紡糸装置に導入して紡糸さ
れる。更に、その後3〜5倍に延伸し、1−10デニー
ルの太さの混合紡糸繊維とする。 このほかにΔ成分およびB成分を直接溶融紡糸装置に投
入し、そのまま溶融、紡糸することも可能である。 本発明においては、以」二のようにして得た混合紡糸繊
維から次の工程でB成分を溶解除去する。 溶解除去の仕方は従来の方法で用いられた溶剤を用いて
も良いが、水により除去するほうが作業環境の面や火災
の危険性の面で有利である。この際、溶解除去は糸条の
状態で行なっても、混合紡糸繊維から不織布、織物、編
物等の布帛の状態で行なっても良い。また、熱湯で処理
すると溶解除去が速(行なえるが、冷水でも十分に溶解
除去能力がある。
The present invention is made of (A) polyester or polyamide (hereinafter referred to as A
component) and (B) a polyalkylene oxide compound obtained by addition polymerizing an alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide to an organic compound having two active hydrogen groups, and a polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride or its lower alkyl ester or diisocyanate. A high molecular weight compound (hereinafter referred to as component B) with a weight average molecular weight of 110,000 or more obtained by the reaction is spun in a mixed state, and the polyalkylene oxide type high molecular weight compound of the B component is removed. This is a method for producing ultrafine fibers. (Requirements constituting means) In the alkylene oxide compound used in the present invention,
Examples of the organic compound having two active hydrogen groups include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, butylamine, polytetramethylene glycol, and aniline. The alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide that is monopolymerized with such an organic compound having two active hydrogen groups is ethylene oxide alone or an alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide. Table of contents prime number 3 as alkylene oxide other than edylene oxide
-30, such as propylene oxide, butylene oxide, sutylene oxide, α-olefin epoxide, or cricidyl ethers. Here, the content of alkylene oxide having 3 to 30 carbon atoms is arbitrary, but when removing component B with water, the content of ethylene oxide is 7 to 7% of the total alkylene oxide.
It is preferable to set it as 0-100% (weight ratio). Incidentally, the imerization of the alkylene oxide to the organic compound is carried out by a known method. The weight average molecular weight (1) of the obtained polyalkylene oxide compound is preferably 100 or more. If the weight average molecular weight is less than 100, the object of the present invention will not be achieved. Examples of the polyhydric carboxylic acid, anhydride thereof, or lower alkyl ester thereof to be reacted with the polyalkylene oxide compound include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, sebacic acid, diethyl ester or diethyl ester thereof, or pyromellitic anhydride. and other tetracarboxylic acid anhydrides. As the diisocyanate, all common diisocyanates such as tolylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, and isophorone diisocyanate can be used. Furthermore, a so-called prepolymer obtained by preliminarily reacting polypropylene glycol or the like with a diisocyanate can also be used as the diisocyanate. The ester condensation reaction between the polyalkylene oxide compound and the polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride, or its lower alkyl ester and the urethanization reaction with diisocyanate are likely to cause thermal decomposition, so they must be carried out in a closed container in the absence of oxygen. It is preferable to do this below. The reaction ratio between the polyalkylene oxide compound and the polyhydric carboxylic acid, its anhydride, its lower alkyl ester, or diisocyanate is arbitrary. Any ratio may be used as long as the weight average molecular weight of the high molecular weight compound is 10,000 or more. The polyester used in the present invention is commonly known polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate-1.
・All polyester resins made by partially changing the raw materials are also put into practical use. Similarly, all common polyamides can be put to practical use. The Δ component and the B component are usually mixed in an autoclave at 280 to 320° C. for about 10 minutes. At this time, stabilizers such as antioxidants and anti-aging agents are added (
is preferable. Also, the mixing ratio is A component 2 B component = 20~
80:80-20 preferably 30-70:70
~30 (weight ratio). Furthermore, an antistatic agent, an inorganic filler, a coloring agent, etc. can be added as appropriate. The resulting mixture is introduced into a conventional melt spinning device and spun. Furthermore, it is then stretched 3 to 5 times to obtain mixed spun fibers having a thickness of 1 to 10 deniers. In addition, it is also possible to directly charge the Δ component and the B component into a melt spinning apparatus, and melt and spin them as they are. In the present invention, component B is dissolved and removed from the mixed spun fiber obtained as described below in the next step. Although solvents used in conventional methods may be used for dissolving and removing, removing with water is more advantageous in terms of the working environment and the risk of fire. At this time, the dissolution and removal may be carried out in the form of threads, or in the form of fabrics such as nonwoven fabrics, woven fabrics, and knitted fabrics made from mixed spun fibers. In addition, dissolution and removal can be done quickly when treated with hot water, but cold water has sufficient dissolution and removal ability.

【作用] 本発明の極細繊維の製造方法はいわゆる海島方式であり、海部分を溶解除去して、残る島部分が極細状態になるものである。前記B成分の高分子量化合物(海部分)が水溶前速度が大きく、また溶融紡糸時の粘度が適度にあることから、簡単にかつ安全に製造することができる。 【実施例】[Effect] The method for producing ultrafine fibers of the present invention is a so-called sea-island method, in which the sea portion is dissolved and removed, and the remaining island portions are left in an ultra-fine state. Since the high molecular weight compound (sea part) of the B component has a high pre-dissolution rate in water and has an appropriate viscosity during melt spinning, it can be easily and safely produced. 【Example】

(実施例1) ポリエチレングリコール(重量平均公刊10.000)
1.00部にジメヂルテレフタレ−1・2.2部を配合
し、エステル縮合反応して重量平均公刊t130.00
0の化合物(以下、高分子量化合物Xという)を得た。 この高分子量化合物Xを100部と、ポリエヂレンテレ
フタレー1−(?8融粘度2600ボイズat280°
C)のペレット100部を溶融紡糸装置に投入し、紡糸
温度270℃、巻取り速度1000n/minで紡糸し
、短繊維デニールが7デニールの未延伸糸を得た。この
未延伸糸を30℃の水中をlom走らせ、高分子量化合
物Xを溶解除去したところポリエヂレンテレフタレート
繊維の集合体からなる糸条が得られた。この糸条を15
0℃にて3.5倍に延伸して極細繊維を得た。 これをさらに仮撚、製織し、織布を得たが、製織時の問
題はなく、触感が爽やかであった。 (実施例2) ポリプロピレングリコール(重量平均分子量1 000
)100部にエチレンオキシド500部をセ1加せしめ
、ヘキサメヂレンジイソシアネト17部によりウレタン
重合を行ない、重量平均分子ff190,000の化合
物(以下、高分子量化合物Yという)を得た。 この高分子量化合物Yを100部に、ポリアミド樹脂(
ナイロン6;溶融粘度2850ボイズat280℃)1
00部を実施例1と同様の溶融紡糸装置にて紡糸した後
直ちに急冷し、45℃にて4倍に延伸した。 このようにして得た延伸糸を用いて製織し、水にて高分
子量化合物Yを溶解除去し、極細繊f、lfl織物を得
た。 この織物は風合いが柔らか(、感触が良好であった。 (実施例3.4) 実施例1.2の高分子量化合物X、Yを次の化合物に変
えて極細繊維を作成したが、いずれも同等の良好な布帛
が得られた。 高分子量化合物Z−1 ポリテトラメヂレングリコール(分子量2000)のエ
ヂレンオキシドイτ1加体で重量平均分子量10.00
0のものをセバシン酸でエステル縮重合した重量平均分
子量100,000の化合物高分子量化合物Z−2 ポリエチレングリコール(分子13000)の無水ピロ
メリット酸による重合物で重量平均分子量30,000
の化合物 (比較例−1) 実施例1の高分子量化合物Xに変え、ポリエチレングリ
コール(重量平均分子量20000)を使用して紡糸を
行なった。しかし、紡糸直後にポリエチレングリコール
の粘性が低いため、また凝固時の強度が低いために一部
剥離が生じるほど糸条の表面状態が悪く、巻き取りの工
程で糸切れが起こった。 (比較例−2) 実施例2の高分子量化合物Yに変え、ポリスチレンな用
いて紡糸し、トルエンにて脱ポリマー処理を行なった。 実施例2と比較して、実質的に100%脱ポリマーする
ために5侶の時間を要した。
(Example 1) Polyethylene glycol (weight average publication 10.000)
1.00 parts and 1.2.2 parts of dimedyl terephthalate were mixed and subjected to an ester condensation reaction to give a weight average publication t of 130.00.
A compound of No. 0 (hereinafter referred to as high molecular weight compound X) was obtained. 100 parts of this high molecular weight compound
100 parts of the pellets of C) were put into a melt spinning device and spun at a spinning temperature of 270° C. and a winding speed of 1000 n/min to obtain an undrawn yarn with a short fiber denier of 7 deniers. This undrawn yarn was run in water at 30° C. to dissolve and remove the high molecular weight compound X, and a yarn consisting of an aggregate of polyethylene terephthalate fibers was obtained. 15 pieces of this thread
Ultrafine fibers were obtained by stretching 3.5 times at 0°C. This was further false-twisted and woven to obtain a woven fabric, which had no problems during weaving and had a refreshing feel. (Example 2) Polypropylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 1,000
), 500 parts of ethylene oxide was added to 100 parts of ethylene oxide, and urethane polymerization was carried out with 17 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate to obtain a compound having a weight average molecular weight FF of 190,000 (hereinafter referred to as high molecular weight compound Y). 100 parts of this high molecular weight compound Y was added to polyamide resin (
Nylon 6; melt viscosity 2850 voids at 280°C) 1
00 parts were spun using the same melt-spinning apparatus as in Example 1, immediately quenched, and stretched 4 times at 45°C. Weaving was carried out using the drawn yarn thus obtained, and the high molecular weight compound Y was dissolved and removed with water to obtain ultrafine fiber f and lfl fabrics. This woven fabric had a soft texture (and a good feel. (Example 3.4) Ultrafine fibers were created by replacing the high molecular weight compounds X and Y in Example 1.2 with the following compounds. A similarly good fabric was obtained. High molecular weight compound Z-1 Polytetramethylene glycol (molecular weight 2000) with ethylene oxide τ1 added with weight average molecular weight 10.00.
High molecular weight compound Z-2 A compound with a weight average molecular weight of 100,000 obtained by ester condensation of Z-2 with sebacic acid.High molecular weight compound Z-2 A polymer of polyethylene glycol (molecules 13000) with pyromellitic anhydride and a weight average molecular weight of 30,000.
Compound (Comparative Example-1) Instead of the high molecular weight compound X of Example 1, polyethylene glycol (weight average molecular weight 20,000) was used for spinning. However, due to the low viscosity of polyethylene glycol immediately after spinning and its low strength upon coagulation, the surface condition of the yarn was so poor that some parts of the yarn peeled off, resulting in yarn breakage during the winding process. (Comparative Example-2) Instead of the high molecular weight compound Y of Example 2, polystyrene was used for spinning, and depolymerization treatment was performed using toluene. Compared to Example 2, it took 5 hours for substantially 100% depolymerization.

【発明の効果】【Effect of the invention】

本発明の極細縁JifIは従来のものど同等の性質を有
するものが得られるが、製造工程」二の爆発の危険性や
人体に対する悪影響がなくなるばかりではな(、製造時
間の短縮に効果がある。 特M’F出願人  第一工業製薬株式会社■
The ultra-fine edge JifI of the present invention can be obtained with properties equivalent to conventional ones, but it not only eliminates the risk of explosion and harmful effects on the human body during the manufacturing process (but also has the effect of shortening the manufacturing time). Special M'F applicant Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. ■

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 (A)ポリエステルまたはポリアミド と (B)活性水素基を2個有する有機化合物にエチレンオ
キシドを含有するアルキレンオキシドを付加重合せしめ
たポリアルキレンオキシド化合物と多価カルボン酸、そ
の無水物もしくはその低級アルキルエステル又はジイソ
シアネートとを反応させて得られる重量平均分子量1万
以上の高分子量化合物(以下B成分という) が、混合された状態で紡糸され、該B成分のポリアルキ
レンオキシド系高分子量化合物を除去することによって
得られる極細繊維の製造方法。
[Scope of Claims] (A) polyester or polyamide; (B) polyalkylene oxide compound obtained by addition-polymerizing alkylene oxide containing ethylene oxide to an organic compound having two active hydrogen groups; polyhydric carboxylic acid; and its anhydride. A high molecular weight compound having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more (hereinafter referred to as component B) obtained by reacting with a lower alkyl ester or diisocyanate thereof (hereinafter referred to as component B) is spun in a mixed state, and the polyalkylene oxide high molecular weight of component B is A method for producing ultrafine fibers obtained by removing compounds.
JP2002905A 1990-01-09 1990-01-09 Production method of ultrafine fiber Expired - Fee Related JP2623017B2 (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002905A JP2623017B2 (en) 1990-01-09 1990-01-09 Production method of ultrafine fiber
DE69033492T DE69033492T2 (en) 1990-01-09 1990-12-31 Process for the production of porous molded articles made of synthetic resin, of ultrafine fibers and of nonwovens with ultrafine fibers
EP90125859A EP0436966B1 (en) 1990-01-09 1990-12-31 Methods for manufacture of porous resin mouldings, ultrafine fibres and ultrafine fibre nonwoven fabrics
US07/636,813 US5059630A (en) 1990-01-09 1991-01-02 Methods for manufacture of porous resin moldings, ultrafine fibers and ultrafine fiber nonwoven fabrics
KR1019910000265A KR950013490B1 (en) 1990-01-09 1991-01-09 Manufacturing method of microfiber and microfiber nonwoven fabric
KR1019950009166A KR950010518B1 (en) 1990-01-09 1995-04-19 Manufacturing method of porous resin molding

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JP2002905A JP2623017B2 (en) 1990-01-09 1990-01-09 Production method of ultrafine fiber

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6040539A (en) * 1983-08-12 1985-03-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Production of digital signal recording and reproducing disk
JPS63152624A (en) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-25 Toray Ind Inc Copolymerized polyester soluble in hot water

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6040539A (en) * 1983-08-12 1985-03-02 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Production of digital signal recording and reproducing disk
JPS63152624A (en) * 1986-12-17 1988-06-25 Toray Ind Inc Copolymerized polyester soluble in hot water

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