JPH03219817A - Cultivation of pearl - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate refusing properties of a mother shell, make bedding on swarmer to effective and make possible to form a pearl layer in a high yield by inserting a nucleus comprising a formed body containing hydroxyapatite into the mother shell and breeding. CONSTITUTION:A nucleus composed of a formed body containing hydroxyapatite is inserted into a mother shell and the mother shell is bred, then a pearl layer is formed on the surface of the nucleus to produce a pearl. The formed body is obtained by adding at least a species of, e.g. pearl powder, coral powder, shell powder, calcium carbonate, inorganic pigment and a synthetic resin to hydroxyapatite powder (particle diameter: preferably 0.1-20mum, specific surface area: 2-100m<2>/g). Content of the hydroxyapatite is preferably >=30wt.%, more preferably 50-90wt.%.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating pearls. For more information, please see the pearls that are poisonous to mother oysters, have very little repulsion, and have an excellent yield! ! Learn how to breed.

``Prior art'' The core of a pearl is generally made by shaping the shell of a brown oyster into a small spherical shape, or by coating the surface of the raw pearl core with celluloid paint containing fish scale foil, etc. processed products are widely used. By inserting this nucleus into a mother mollusk such as a pearl oyster, the nucleus emerges from the outer capsule through subdivision *If! engulfs the nucleus and secretes calcium crystals on the surface of the nucleus. The mother oyster is then reared for a certain period of time to form a nacre layer on the surface of the nucleus.

However, of good quality! It has not been possible to obtain beads with a good yield, and the material of the nucleus and the treatment of the nucleus surface are being considered. Regarding nuclear v and strange, please refer to JP-A-60-25.
No. 9135 discloses a molded product made of powder made from pearl powder, marigold powder, and crustacean shell powder and calcium carbonate, and JP-A-63-219325 discloses a molded product made of calcium carbonate and a synthetic resin or a molded product made of calcium carbonate and a synthetic resin. A molded body made of a resin and an a material has been disclosed, and regarding the treatment of the core surface, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-31636 discloses that the core surface is treated with at least one
J! ! JP-A No. 1-148135 discloses a thin polymer film of collagen, fibronectin, fetuin, etc., which has a weaker rejection than calcium carbonate crystals! Instructions are given on how to coat with the substance. And the yield is 50-5
It has been improved from 8χ to 76-78z.

[The problem that the invention seeks to solve] However, the above! ! ! This breeding method involves inserting a foreign substance into the mother mollusk that is not compatible with living organisms, and although it is not toxic, there are problems such as the mother mollusk is likely to reject it, and the implantation of migrated cells is not sufficient. Yield is not a satisfactory value.

"Means for Solving the Problem" In order to solve this problem, the inventors investigated cough materials, and found that by using a core made of a molded body containing hydroxyapatite, the solubility of hydroxyapatite could be reduced. Due to its excellent affinity for soft tissues such as mucous membranes and skin, and its unique adsorption properties for wide-ranging substances, regardless of whether they are inorganic or inorganic, it eliminates the rejection of mother molluscs and effectively implants on migrated cells. They discovered that it was possible to form an X-nuclide layer with good yield, and based on this knowledge, they completed a great invention.

That is, the great invention is a pearl culturing method in which a nucleus is inserted into a mother oyster and the mother oyster is reared to form a nacre layer on the surface of the nucleus. A method of culturing pearls characterized by the following.

The great invention will be explained in detail below.

As the hydroxyapatite used in the invention, any conventionally known hydroxyapatite can be used.

For example, l) a solid-phase reaction method in which high-purity calcium carbonate, etc., and a phosphate or birophosphate are synthesized by mixing a specified amount and heat-treating the mixture, and (2) a calcium salt solution, etc. and a phosphate. 3) Precipitation reaction method in which the mixture is synthesized by mixing in a solution adjusted to an appropriate pH, followed by drying and heat treatment; 3) Water is added to a mixed powder of calcium carbonate, etc. and calcium hydrogen phosphate, etc. and pulverized. Hydroxyabatai 1 powder (Ca
-a(PQa)q(OH)2) can be used as a raw material powder for a molded body for culturing x i .

The particle size of the raw material powder is 500 μm or less, preferably 0.
．． 01 to 200Il, more preferably 0.1 to 200Il
20μm i! Hydroxyapatite powder having a specific surface area of 2 to 100i2/* is preferably used. Further, it is also possible to use granules of 0.5 to 3 m+aφ, or those made of these hydroxyapatite powders into compacted powder under pressure of 100 to 800 gICII2.

It is also possible to add at least one kind of pearl powder, coral powder, EE shellfish powder, calcium carbonate, inorganic pigment, synthetic #J fat, etc. to the hydroxyapatite powder as a core material. In this case, it is preferable that the core material contains hydroxyapatite powder of 30 weights or more, more preferably 50 to 90 weights of 1X. If the content of hydroxyapatite powder is less than 30% by weight, the biocompatibility of apatite will not be sufficiently expressed.
As a result, so-called scrap pearls and scrap P3m, which are extremely wasteful, can be used.

IE#-powder, coral powder, and rice hull powder from rice furnaces have calcium carbonate as the main component, and their r:AM calcium is arabite and calcite with low crystallinity, so Vt
It has excellent binding properties, and since it also contains organic substances such as chitin, it also acts as a binder. Particle size is 5
00 gm or less, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 200μ
! Add in the open.

As calcium carbonate, both chemically synthesized light calcium carbonate (precipitated calcium carbonate) and heavy calcium carbonate made from limestone can be used, but the particle size is 500 t1m or less, preferably 1 to 300 μm.
70% by weight or less, preferably from 1 to 30% by weight. ! Add within the range.

In addition, non-IM pigments are added as necessary to color the desired color, and include white pigments such as titanium oxide, barium sulfate, and zinc oxide, red pigments such as Hengara and Cadmium Red, and vanadium yellow ole. Yellow colors such as Orin, blue colors such as cobalt blue, vanadium blue, and ultramarine blue, green colors such as cobalt green,
Add 0 to 10 weight tχ of a purple pigment such as cobalt violet.
It! An envoy is sent.

Synthesis! When forming the fat into a pearl core, hydroxyapatite powder,] Eju powder, Tego powder, Tahanro rice hull powder, calcium carbonate, and MuII! It functions as a binder for pigments, and has a particle size of 0.1 to 10 μm.
static polymethacrylic acid ester, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride,
Powder of polyvinyl acetate, polyester resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, etc. is added at intervals of 0 to 5 weight x depending on the requirements.

Next, these raw material powders are processed into dense compacts or porous compacts by high-temperature, high-pressure treatment using a hot press machine or hot isostatic press (IIP) machine, or by pressureless sintering with the addition of a sintering aid. It can be used as a nucleus with excellent biocompatibility as a body. The size of the nucleus for culturing pearls depends on the size of the mother oyster, and the particle size is usually 20IIIffl or less, but in the case of Akoya pearls, m-dense compacts with a particle size of 81 or less are preferable.

When only hydroxyapatite powder is subjected to HIP treatment, the above raw material powder is compressed to 500 to 800 g/cm2 to form a green compact, dried until it has an appropriate moisture content, and then evacuated and sealed in a completely sealed tube. 800-1000℃, 500-4
000 z/cm2 for 1 to several tens of hours, it is possible to produce dense bodies with different Ca/P atomic ratios, and these IR dense bodies obtained can be used as nuclei to be inserted into the mother mollusk. I can do it.

Specifically, it is made into a compact at 600mm/cm2, dried until the water content becomes 5.1νtX, and then packed into a completely sealed tube.
+-Xit person, 100~300℃, 1500~
Ca obtained by accelerating at 3000Kg/am2 for 2 to 20 hours
/P atomic ratio is 9.18/6 Density 2.90g/cm
30 translucent tR dense body (water content) was obtained in the same manner except that it was dried to 12.3% by weight, with a Ca/P atomic ratio of 9.
．． 5/6, a milky white dense body with a density of 3.103/cm',
Alternatively, heat the above raw material powder at about 700℃ to remove water content.
．． 05 [After I, exhaust gas is sealed in the front sealed tube and 600 ~
900'C, 2-5 at g/cv2 at 1000-2000
Ca/? obtained by holding time? A transparent dense body with k of 1016 atoms, etc. is preferably used.

Hydroxyapatite powder, Xiazhuang, coral powder and shell powder, calcium carbonate, inorganic ML4 and synthetic wood lI
When adding at least one type of 5, etc., a predetermined amount of the above powder is sufficiently uniformly mixed in a ball mill, etc., and then subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure treatment using a hot press or hot isostatic press (IIP) device, or Pressureless sintering ζ with the addition of a sintering aid results in the same formation into a dense body.

Furthermore, the surface of the dense body is coated with titanium nitride, niobium nitride, chromium oxide, etc. by summer vapor deposition, sputtering, ion blasting, plasma spraying, plating, etc.
It is also a bee that is the core of the 5a month of cultivating beads.

By inserting the thus obtained kernels for culturing pearls into a tool for cultivating pearl oysters, white pearl oysters, black pearl oysters, black pearl oysters, mabe oysters, etc., pearls with a yield of a<X can be cultured in a relatively short period of time. It is something that can be done.

[Example 1] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail using test examples, reference examples, and comparative reference examples, but the present invention is not limited to these test examples.

Reference example 1 Calcium nitrate and ammonium hydrogen phosphate were combined into Ca/P
They were mixed at an atomic ratio of 10/6 and reacted to precipitate amorphous hydroxyapatite. This was then heat treated to obtain hydroxyapatite powder having a semi-average particle diameter of 5 μva and a representative area of 50!121 g. The crystal system was hexagonal.

Reference Example 2 Hydroxyabatai) 15) obtained in Reference Example 1 was added to 70
It was heated gently at 0° C. for 10 hours to bring the moisture content to 0.05 wH. This is evacuated and sealed in a completely sealed tube, and hot isostatic pressure press (
)Weight P) Using equipment at 800℃, 1500Kg/am
2 for 2 hours to obtain a single transparent W1 dense body with a diameter of 8 m and a weight of zero pores.

Reference Example 3 Hydroxyabatite powder (Central Glass Co., Ltd.) with an average particle diameter of 12 μm and a specific surface area of 5 weight 121 g
Iu) is 70 weight 2, particle size is 5μ, 1 scoop! 1 amount of 201 pieces of powdered powder, 10 pieces of calcium carbonate with a particle size of 8μ
After blending to give a heavy tχ, nylon 8tUIa1
Dry mixing was performed using a ball mill. The obtained mixed powder was held at 800° C. and 1500 z/cm2 for 2 hours using a hot rWI isostatic press (HIP) device in the same manner as in Reference Example 2 to form a dense body with a diameter of 6 mm and no 'X hole bulk. Reference Example 4 The hydroxyapatite powder obtained in Reference Example 1 is
t x, diamond pigment with a particle size of 0.1 μ- as the i color pigment (Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) 1 ott x,
After blending calcium carbonate with a particle size of 8 μm to a 301-membered χ and polymethyl methacrylate tree 1 (Nissui Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo 31 U) with a particle size of 0.4 μm to a 10-membered χ. , dry method using a ball mill made of nylon #tF3? We met together. The obtained mixed powder was heated to 1500 g at SOO℃ using the same hot isostatic press (HIP) device as in Reference Example 2.
/cm2 for 2 hours to obtain a dense body with a diameter of 6 and zero porosity.

Comparative Reference Example 1 Diamond pigment with a particle size of 0.1 μm (Mitsubishi Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) was used as a red pigment, 10 weight I2, particle size 8
80 μ weight of calcium carbonate 2. The particles had a particle size of 0.4 and were dry mixed in a 1.5W ball mill. The obtained mixed powder was maintained at 800° C. and 1500 g/am 2 for 2 hours using a hot isostatic press (weight P) device in the same machine as Reference Example 2 to obtain a dense body with a diameter of 61 III m.

Test Example 1 The hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatite-based dense bodies obtained in Reference Examples 2 to 4 and the calcium carbonate-based m-dense body obtained in Comparative Reference Example 1 were each inserted one round into a giant Akoya oyster as a core for pearl cultivation. This shellfish is placed in a pearl culture tank filled with seawater off Amizumi, Misaki City, and oxygen is blown into the tank to reduce the oxygen content in the water to 0.5 to 1 volume and weight z, and the water temperature to 20 to 20. Fighting was performed while adjusting the temperature to a range of 25°C. Chlorella was given as appropriate to the 9-year-old fish, and chloromycetin and tetracycline were added in an amount of 00Il1 each to prevent gR growth in the vessels. After about 6 months, the inserted nucleus is removed from the body! l! I investigated the breeding results.

As a result, the great invention of X beads obtained in Reference Examples 2 to 4! JJQ
The yield of nuclei is 82-87L ridge column I1. The yield of pearls for pearl cultivation obtained in Comparative Reference Example 1 was 65%, 3L ridgeline pearls, 7L pearls.
I had it.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a pearl cultivation method in which a nucleus is inserted into a mother oyster and the mother oyster is reared to form a nacre layer on the surface of the nucleus, the nucleus inserted into the mother oyster is made of a molded body containing hydroxyapatite. A method of cultivating pearls characterized by (2) The method for cultivating pearls according to claim (1), wherein the content of hydroxyapatite in the molded body containing hydroxyapatite is 30% by weight or more.