JPH0322469B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0322469B2
JPH0322469B2 JP2237587A JP2237587A JPH0322469B2 JP H0322469 B2 JPH0322469 B2 JP H0322469B2 JP 2237587 A JP2237587 A JP 2237587A JP 2237587 A JP2237587 A JP 2237587A JP H0322469 B2 JPH0322469 B2 JP H0322469B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
plating
film
gloss
plating solution
hardness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP2237587A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS63192889A (en
Inventor
Yosuke Matsumoto
Takashi Konase
Mitsuyoshi Nakajima
Original Assignee
Nippon Mining Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Mining Co filed Critical Nippon Mining Co
Priority to JP2237587A priority Critical patent/JPS63192889A/en
Publication of JPS63192889A publication Critical patent/JPS63192889A/en
Publication of JPH0322469B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0322469B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

産業上の利用分野 本発明は、Ni−めつき液に関するものであり、
特にはめつき皮膜中のP含有率を安定化すること
を可能ならしめ、それにより耐蝕性、硬度、接触
抵抗、外観光沢等に優れた特性を持つNi−めつ
き液皮膜の生成をもたらす新規なNi−めつき液
に関する。本発明は、コネクタ、リードスイツ
チ、等に代表される電気接点の作製に有用なNi
−めつき液を提供する。 従来技術との問題点 電解ニツケル−リン合金皮膜の作製には、次の
ようなめつき液及びめつき操作条件が提案されて
いる。 NiSO4・6H2O 240g/ NiCI2・6H2O 45 〃 H3BO3 30 〃 亜リン酸 5 〃 電流密度 1〜5A/dm2 液温度 55〜80℃ pH 2〜4.4 これらから得られるめつき皮膜は数wt%から十
数wt%のPを含有するNi−合金であり、一般に、
ピンホールが少なく、耐食性が良好でしかも適度
な硬さを持つ点で、工業的に広く使用されてい
る。 生成するめつき皮膜の性状は、めつき液の成分
に依存して、広範に変化し、コネクター、リード
スイツチ等の電気接点、装飾品等の用途目的に応
じて適切な、めつき液及びめつき条件を選択する
必要がある。 しかしながら、このNi−Pめつき液を使用し
て上記のような接点材料を作製すると、ピンホー
ル発生耐蝕性、硬度、接触抵抗、外観光沢等の点
で十分でなく、近時益々厳しくなる製品信頼性基
準を満足しないことが新たに認識されるようにな
つた。 発明の目的 本発明は、電気接点用途向けの厳しい品質要求
に答えうる、ピンホールの少ない、厚付けの可能
な、更には耐蝕性、硬度、接触抵抗、外観光沢等
の特性に優れたNi−P合金皮膜を生成しうるNi
−めつき液を開発することを目的とする。 発明の概要 従来からのNi−めつき液を使用して生成され
るNi−P合金めつき皮膜について検討を重ねた
結果、それが耐蝕性、硬度、接触抵抗、外観光沢
等において充分でない事実の根本的原因は析出皮
膜中のP含有率を安定化しえないことにあること
を究明するに至つた。また、ピンホールの発生が
多いのは析出皮膜の応力減少が充分でないことも
判明した。こうした考察を通して、本発明者等
は、上記のような原因を排除しうる新たなNi−
Pめつき液を開発するべく広範なる試行を重ね
た。その結果、 (1)水酸化ニツケルの使用 (2)アンモニア水の使用 が非常に良好なめつき皮膜を生成しうるとの知見
を得た。 斯くして、本発明は、 硫酸ニツケル 10〜450g/ 次亜燐酸ナトリウム 1〜25g/ 燐酸 10〜100g/ クエン酸ナトリウム 20〜飽和g/ 水酸化ナトリウム 中和量 水酸化ニツケル 1〜25g/ アンモニア水 2〜20ml/ から成るNi−Pめつき液を提供する。 発明の具体的説明 本発明のNi−Pめつき液の各成分の作用と濃
度範囲について説明する: (1) 硫酸ニツケル 硫酸ニツケルはNiの供給成分である。硫酸
ニツケルはNiの電着に必要な10g/からめつ
き液に溶解可能な限度の450g/の範囲をと
りうるが、好ましくは100〜400g/とされ
る。100g/未満では光沢不良となりやすく
なり、また400g/を超えるとピツトやクラ
ツクの発生を起こし易くなる。 (2) 次亜燐酸ナトリウム 次亜燐酸ナトリウムが25g/を超えると付
き回り及び光沢が不良となり易くなる。1g/
未満では皮膜のP含有率が低下し、耐蝕性が
悪くなる。 (3) 燐酸 燐酸は主たるP供給源である。燐酸は10g/
未満になると析出物のP含有率が低下し、耐
蝕性が悪化し、逆に100g/を越えると、付
き回り不良となりまた光沢が悪化する。 (4) クエン酸ナトリウム クエン酸ナトリウムは錯化剤として働く。め
つき液の安定剤として作用し、めつき液を長期
的に安定化させるためには20g/以上が必要
である。その上限は溶解可能な飽和量として決
定される。好ましい量は50〜200g/である。 (5) 水酸化ナトリウム 過剰な燐酸の中和によつて燐酸ナトリウムと
してP析出率の安定化をもたらす。水酸化ナト
リウムが過剰になるとpHを高くするので中和
に必要な量に制限される。 (6) 水酸化ニツケル 燐酸と反応してニツケルを溶存せしめる。溶
存ニツケルは応力の減少によつてクラツクの無
い厚付けめつきを可能とし、また析出面のピン
ホール減少とともにP含有量を安定的に皮膜中
に電着させるに効果的である。水酸化ニツケル
は1g/以下では効果がなく、逆に25g/よ
り高くなると溶解しなくなり、ピツト発生を誘
起しやすい。 (7) アンモニア水 Pの析出を安定化するのにきわめて効果的で
あり、光沢を安定して維持すると共に、硬度、
耐蝕性、接触抵抗等を所要水準に維持する。ア
ンモニア水は2ml/未満では所定の効果を発
現せず、例えば光沢等がバラツキやすくなり、
逆に20ml/を超えるとpHを高くし、逆効果
となり、光沢が悪化する。 本発明のNi−Pめつき液の使用条件及び使用
方法は次の通りである。 pH 1.0〜6.5好ましくは2.6〜3.2 液温度 30〜80℃好ましくは50〜60℃ 陰極電流密度
0.5〜20A/dm2好ましくは1.5〜2.0A/dm2 本発明めつき液はクラツクのない厚付けめつき
を可能とするので接点用めつきとして殊に適して
いる。 本発明により生成されるNi−Pめつき皮膜は、
P含有率を安定化され、また応力除去された結果
として、ピンホールやクラツクの無い、耐蝕性、
硬度、接触抵抗及び外観光沢特性に優れたもので
ある。苛酷な環境で使用用される接触部、摺動部
等を具備するコネクタ、リードスイツチ等の電気
接点の作製に有益である。 実施例 1 Ee−Ni合金製コネクタ材料を次の組成のめつ
き液及びめつき条件で電解して3μm厚のNi−P
合金皮膜を形成した:
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a Ni-plating solution,
In particular, it is possible to stabilize the P content in the plating film, thereby producing a Ni-plating liquid film with excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, hardness, contact resistance, and gloss appearance. Regarding Ni-plating liquid. The present invention describes the use of Ni
-Provide a plating solution. Problems with the Prior Art The following plating solution and plating operating conditions have been proposed for producing an electrolytic nickel-phosphorus alloy film. NiSO 4・6H 2 O 240g/ NiCI 2・6H 2 O 45 〃 H 3 BO 3 30 〃 Phosphorous acid 5 〃 Current density 1~5A/dm 2 liquid temperature 55~80℃ pH 2~4.4 The coating film is a Ni-alloy containing P from several wt% to more than ten wt%, and generally,
It is widely used industrially because it has few pinholes, good corrosion resistance, and moderate hardness. The properties of the plating film that is produced vary widely depending on the components of the plating solution. You need to select a condition. However, if this Ni-P plating solution is used to make the contact materials mentioned above, it is not sufficient in terms of pinhole generation corrosion resistance, hardness, contact resistance, appearance gloss, etc., and products that are becoming increasingly demanding these days. It has become newly recognized that reliability standards are not met. Purpose of the Invention The present invention has developed a Ni-Ni film that can meet the strict quality requirements for electrical contact applications, has fewer pinholes, can be made thicker, and has excellent properties such as corrosion resistance, hardness, contact resistance, and glossy appearance. Ni that can form a P alloy film
- The purpose is to develop a plating solution. Summary of the Invention As a result of repeated studies on Ni-P alloy plating films produced using conventional Ni-plating solutions, we have discovered that they are insufficient in terms of corrosion resistance, hardness, contact resistance, appearance gloss, etc. It was discovered that the fundamental cause was that the P content in the deposited film could not be stabilized. It has also been found that the reason why many pinholes occur is that stress reduction in the deposited film is not sufficient. Through these considerations, the present inventors have developed a new Ni-
Extensive trials were conducted to develop a P plating solution. As a result, we found that (1) the use of nickel hydroxide (2) the use of ammonia water can produce a very good plating film. Thus, the present invention provides the following: Nickel sulfate 10 to 450 g / Sodium hypophosphite 1 to 25 g / Phosphoric acid 10 to 100 g / Sodium citrate 20 to saturated g / Sodium hydroxide neutralization amount Nickel hydroxide 1 to 25 g / Ammonia water A Ni-P plating solution consisting of 2 to 20 ml/ml is provided. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The action and concentration range of each component of the Ni-P plating solution of the present invention will be explained: (1) Nickel sulfate Nickel sulfate is a component that supplies Ni. The amount of nickel sulfate can range from 10 g required for electrodeposition of Ni to 450 g, which is the limit that can be dissolved in the plating solution, but preferably from 100 to 400 g. If it is less than 100g//, poor gloss tends to occur, and if it exceeds 400g//, pits or cracks are likely to occur. (2) Sodium hypophosphite If the amount of sodium hypophosphite exceeds 25g/2, coverage and gloss tend to be poor. 1g/
If it is less than this, the P content of the film will decrease and the corrosion resistance will deteriorate. (3) Phosphoric acid Phosphoric acid is the main source of P. Phosphoric acid is 10g/
If it is less than 100 g/l, the P content of the precipitate will decrease and the corrosion resistance will deteriorate, and if it exceeds 100 g/l, the coverage will be poor and the gloss will deteriorate. (4) Sodium citrate Sodium citrate acts as a complexing agent. 20g/or more is required to act as a stabilizer for the plating solution and to stabilize the plating solution over the long term. The upper limit is determined as the saturation amount that can be dissolved. The preferred amount is 50-200g/. (5) Sodium hydroxide Stabilizes the P precipitation rate as sodium phosphate by neutralizing excess phosphoric acid. Excess sodium hydroxide increases the pH, so the amount is limited to that required for neutralization. (6) Nickel hydroxide Reacts with phosphoric acid to dissolve nickel. Dissolved nickel enables thick plating without cracks by reducing stress, and is effective in reducing pinholes on the deposition surface and stably electrodepositing the P content into the film. Nickel hydroxide has no effect if it is less than 1 g/g, and on the other hand, if it is more than 25 g/g, it becomes insoluble and tends to cause pitting. (7) Ammonia water It is extremely effective in stabilizing the precipitation of P, stably maintaining gloss, and improving hardness and
Maintain corrosion resistance, contact resistance, etc. at required levels. If the ammonia water is less than 2 ml/ml, it will not exhibit the desired effect, and for example, the gloss will tend to vary.
On the other hand, if it exceeds 20 ml/ml, the pH will increase, causing the opposite effect and deteriorating the gloss. The conditions and method for using the Ni--P plating solution of the present invention are as follows. pH 1.0-6.5 preferably 2.6-3.2 Liquid temperature 30-80℃ preferably 50-60℃ Cathode current density
0.5 to 20 A/dm 2 Preferably 1.5 to 2.0 A/dm 2 The plating solution of the present invention enables thick plating without cracks and is therefore particularly suitable for plating contacts. The Ni-P plating film produced by the present invention is
As a result of stabilizing the P content and removing stress, it has no pinholes or cracks and is corrosion resistant.
It has excellent hardness, contact resistance, and glossy appearance. It is useful for producing electrical contacts such as connectors and reed switches that have contact parts, sliding parts, etc. that are used in harsh environments. Example 1 Ee-Ni alloy connector material was electrolyzed using a plating solution with the following composition and plating conditions to form a 3 μm thick Ni-P
Formed alloy film:

【表】 pH 2.6 液温度 55℃ 電流密度 2A/dm2 めつき時間 30分 得られためつき皮膜の特性は次の通りであつ
た: P含有率 14.5wt% 耐蝕性
濃硝酸液に24時間、室温にて浸漬しても外観の変
化はなかつた 硬度 423HV(G10g) 接触抵抗 35mΩ(10mA×10g荷重) 光沢 鏡面光沢でクラツクなし いずれも非常に良好であり、許容水準を充分に満
たしている。 実施例 2 Fe−Ni合金製コネクタ材料を次の組成のめつ
き液及びメツキ条件で電解して1.5μ厚のNi−P
合金皮膜を形成した。
[Table] pH 2.6 Solution temperature 55°C Current density 2A/dm 2nd plating time 30 minutes The properties of the resulting matte film were as follows: P content 14.5wt% Plating in a corrosion-resistant concentrated nitric acid solution for 24 hours. There was no change in appearance even after immersion at room temperature.Hardness: 423HV (G10g) Contact resistance: 35mΩ (10mA x 10g load) Gloss: Mirror-like gloss with no cracks. Both are very good and fully meet the acceptable standards. Example 2 Fe-Ni alloy connector material was electrolyzed using a plating solution with the following composition and plating conditions to form a 1.5μ thick Ni-P
An alloy film was formed.

【表】【table】

【表】 pH 3.0 液温度 52℃ 電流密度 1.5A/dm2 時間 22分 得られためつき皮膜の特性は次の通りであつ
た。 P含有率 15.2wt% 耐蝕性
濃硝酸液に48時間、室温にて、浸漬しても、外観
変化なく耐蝕性に優れたものであつた。ちなみ
に、従来技術の項で説明した提示例液で得られた
めつき物は、濃硝酸液に浸漬して、15分後には、
ガス発生しながら腐蝕された。 硬度 438HV(G5g) 接触抵抗 31mΩ 光沢 鏡面光沢でクラツクなし 次に、多数のサンプルを用意して50回以上のめ
つき試験を行つたが、いずれのめつき皮膜も良好
な品質を保持した。 発明の効果 実施例に示される通り、本めつき液により生成
されるNi−Pめつき皮膜はコネクタ、リードス
イツチ等の電気接点用途に殊に優れ、高品質、高
信頼性の下でこれら部品の作製に寄与する。
[Table] pH 3.0 Liquid temperature 52°C Current density 1.5A/dm 2 hours 22 minutes The properties of the resulting damped film were as follows. P content: 15.2wt% Corrosion resistance Even when immersed in a concentrated nitric acid solution for 48 hours at room temperature, there was no change in appearance and excellent corrosion resistance was observed. By the way, the impurities obtained with the example solution explained in the prior art section were immersed in concentrated nitric acid solution, and after 15 minutes,
Corroded while producing gas. Hardness: 438HV (G5g) Contact Resistance: 31mΩ Gloss: Mirror-like gloss with no cracks Next, a large number of samples were prepared and plating tests were conducted more than 50 times, and all the plating films maintained good quality. Effects of the Invention As shown in the examples, the Ni-P plating film produced by this plating solution is particularly excellent in electrical contact applications such as connectors and reed switches, and can be used for these parts with high quality and high reliability. Contributes to the production of

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 硫酸ニツケル 10〜450g/ 次亜燐酸ナトリウム 1〜25g/ 燐酸 10〜100g/ クエン酸ナトリウム 20〜飽和g/ 水酸化ナトリウム 中和量 水酸化ニツケル 1〜25g/ アンモニア水 2〜20ml/ から成るNi−Pめつき液。[Claims] 1 Nickel sulfate 10-450g/ Sodium hypophosphite 1-25g/ Phosphoric acid 10-100g/ Sodium citrate 20~saturated g/ Sodium hydroxide neutralization amount Nickel hydroxide 1-25g/ Ammonia water 2-20ml/ Ni-P plating liquid consisting of.
JP2237587A 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Ni-p plating solution Granted JPS63192889A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2237587A JPS63192889A (en) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Ni-p plating solution

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2237587A JPS63192889A (en) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Ni-p plating solution

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63192889A JPS63192889A (en) 1988-08-10
JPH0322469B2 true JPH0322469B2 (en) 1991-03-26

Family

ID=12080891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2237587A Granted JPS63192889A (en) 1987-02-04 1987-02-04 Ni-p plating solution

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63192889A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4519727B2 (en) * 2005-07-13 2010-08-04 株式会社神戸製鋼所 Abrasion resistant titanium
CN103582722B (en) * 2011-06-03 2016-11-23 松下电器产业株式会社 electrical contact parts
CN112064073A (en) * 2020-08-04 2020-12-11 深圳市生利科技有限公司 Nickel alloy electroplating solution and application thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63192889A (en) 1988-08-10

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