JPH03224933A - Roof opening/closing mechanism in opening/closing roof stadium - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an optimum opening/closing roof mechanism by performing the closing and partial opening of a roof with a pair of domes and a circumferential-directional driving mechanism, where the domes leave from the upper space of field with a linear driving mechanism. CONSTITUTION:At a position symmetrical with that of the external side edge section of a stadium, a pair of linear rails 43 are arranged, and on the rails 43, a parallel moving base 30 provided with a driving truck 67 on the lower surface is mounted, and a linear driving mechanism is formed, and an upper section dome 10 and a lower section dome 20 leave the upper field space. After that, on the upper surface of a base 60, movable ring-shaped rails 41 in ring- shaped rails 40 for driving the domes 10, 20 in the circumferential direction are arranged. Besides, fixed ring-shaped rails 41 in the other rails 40 are arranged on the upper surface of a stadium structural-body 50, and driving trucks 61 arranged at the base end sections of the domes 10, 20 are mounted on the rails. Then, they are set to be a circumferential driving mechanism and the closing and partial opening of a roof are performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a roof opening/closing mechanism in a retractable roof stadium. More specifically, the roof structure is retractable,
In stadiums that have a structure in which the roof is closed during rainy weather and opened during sunny weather, the roof structure that covers the upper part of the field and bleachers is a lower dome with a bipolar line-shaped opening. The pair of domes are driven in a free direction relative to each other by a circumferential drive mechanism located along the outer edge of the stadium, allowing the roof to close and close. The present invention relates to a roof opening/closing mechanism that is most suitable as a mechanism for partially releasing the dome and moving the pair of domes in parallel using a linear drive mechanism to at least move them out of the upper space.

[Prior Art] Baseball is the most popular outdoor sport in Japan, but in the event of rain, the games are often canceled, causing frustration for fans. For this reason, it may have been a long-standing dream to build a facility that could hold games even on rainy days, and as a baseball field, it was realized as the first generation of steel-framed fixed-roof stadiums like the Astrodome. In Tokyo Dome, a fixed roof baseball stadium with an air membrane structure called the second generation was realized.

With the start of Tokyo Dome's operation, the long-awaited idea of a baseball stadium with a retractable roof has been rapidly gaining popularity in Japan, inspired by the Toronto Sky Dome, which opened in 1989 as a baseball stadium with a retractable roof. It has been hailed as the third generation of Monoka, and has now become the mainstream way of thinking. It is obvious that it is better to watch sports that are originally outdoors, such as baseball or American football, on a sunny day under a blue sky or starry sky, with a pleasant breeze and a sense of freedom. This is because it seems inevitable that there will be a shift from a fixed roof system to a retractable roof system.

For details on various types of roofed stadiums with fixed roofs or retractable roofs that have been realized or are currently in the proposal stage, see RE 19BB, 6.27. published by NIKKKEI ARCHITEC. No., same as 1!18'1
．． 3.6. No., Column No. I'111989.1,
It is described in Kensetsu Kogyo Shimbun, August 11, 1989, etc.

Among the stadiums with retractable roofs known to date, there are several stadiums with dome-shaped roofs that have one side of the dome roof cut out in a rectangular or curved shape, or in other words, there are several stadiums with half-bowl shapes. There is no known combination of an arch-shaped upper dome and a lower dome with open sides on both sides, such as the dome roof of a retractable roof stadium to which the present invention is applied.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] The ultimate goal of a retractable roof stadium is to make the stadium as closed as a stadium with a roof, and as open as an open stadium, but even if the stadium is mainly used for baseball games, ,
Considering regional characteristics and profitability, the basic requirement is to be able to accommodate a wide variety of events, and how the open and closed design of the retractable roof will be organically linked to its function as a multipurpose stadium. This has become an important issue that must be overcome.

Many of the retractable roof stadiums known to date have been so focused on the originality of each company that they have prioritized the unique design of the retractable roof structure over its ability to accommodate a variety of events. I don't like being there.

For example, a roof is not only used to block rain, wind, and snow, but depending on the type of event, the shape of the roof in its closed and open states is extremely important for lighting effects, sound effects, and the installation of these equipment. Therefore, how to design the shape of the retractable roof in the closed and open states depends on the basic concept of how the stadium will be used.

Therefore, the shape and movement of the closed and open states of a retractable roof should vary depending on the type of event considered by the designer, and the roof opening and closing mechanism should also vary depending on the roof shape and movement. It should be diverse due to differences.

From the above-mentioned viewpoint, the present invention reviews the retractable roof stadiums of various companies that have been revealed to date, and develops the basic idea of retractable roof stadiums that can accommodate a variety of events without focusing only on hosting baseball games. Accordingly, the present invention was completed as a result of a series of research aimed at realizing a retractable roof stadium that combines function and design. The main purpose of this study is to clarify the roof opening and closing mechanism.

Furthermore, a specific object of the present invention is a structure in which the roof is retractable, and the roof is closed during rainy weather and opened during sunny weather, and the roof is retractable in the field area and the bleacher area. The roof structure covering the upper part has a partially overlapping structure of a pair of arch-shaped upper and lower domes with hyperbolic openings on both sides, and the pair of domes are arranged along the outer edge of the stadium. A structure in which the domes are driven in mutually free directions by a circumferential drive mechanism that closes and partially opens the roof, and further, the pair of domes are moved in parallel by a linear drive mechanism to move out of at least the space above the field. The purpose of this research is to clarify the optimal roof opening/closing mechanism for dome roofs.

Another object of the present invention is to clarify an example of a roof opening/closing mechanism that satisfies the requirements of safety, reliability, low vibration, and low noise generally required for a retractable roof.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The above-mentioned problems of the present invention are as follows: (1) The upper part of the field part and the spectator seat part of the stadium is formed by partially overlapping an arch-shaped upper dome and a lower dome having a hyperbolic open part. the pair of domes are driven in mutually free direction by a circumferential drive mechanism located along the outer edge of the stadium to close and partially open the roof; This is a mechanism for moving the upper dome and lower dome in parallel to move them out of at least the space above the field.A pair of straight rails is placed at symmetrical positions on the outside edge of the stadium, and a driving A parallel movement base equipped with a trolley on the lower surface is mounted to form a linear drive mechanism, and an annular rail is mounted on the upper surface of this parallel movement base for driving the upper dome and the lower dome in the circumferential direction. The movable annular rail inside the ring rail is arranged, and the fixed annular rail among the annular rails is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the stadium structure, and the drive carts placed at both base ends of the upper dome and the lower dome are moved around the annular rail. A roof opening/closing mechanism for a stadium with an opening/closing roof, which is placed on top to form a circular drive mechanism; The roof opening/closing mechanism of the retractable roof stadium is characterized by having a lateral force receiver mechanism arranged on both sides of the roof. This is achieved by a roof opening/closing mechanism in a retractable roof stadium, characterized in that a prevention mechanism is arranged.

[Example] Next, before explaining the present invention, an outline of a retractable roof stadium to which the roof opening/closing mechanism of the present invention is applied will be described.

Figure 1 shows the retractable roof in a closed state.

The retractable roof is composed of an upper dome designated by 10 and a lower dome designated by 2o. The upper dome 1o has a dome-like cross section, and has hyperbolic openings on both sides when viewed from above, and the lower dome 20 similarly has a dome-like cross section, and has a different shape from the upper dome 10. It has a different hyperbolic opening on both sides, and can also be described as an arch shape that widens toward the end.

Further, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are each independently driven clockwise or counterclockwise in a circumferential direction (circular motion).
It is configured so that it can be done. Therefore, from the state in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 overlap in a cross shape (closed state) as shown in FIG. 1, to the state in which they are rotated by 90 degrees relative to each other as shown in FIG. Overlapping open state, however,
The release part can be set freely from the overlapping open state to the fully open state by driving linearly to the left in the drawing), so the release part can be adjusted depending on the direction of sunlight and wind. It has the advantage of being able to freely adjust the width and direction of release.

In the combination of the upper and lower domes in the half-bowl shape that has been known so far, even if the upper and lower domes are constructed so that they can rotate freely relative to each other, an open part can only be formed in one direction of the dome roof. It's Rutake.

The above-mentioned difference appears as an effective difference, for example, in a mode in which lighting equipment and audio equipment are provided on the lower surface of the dome roof. In other words, in the case of a two-bottom dome shaped like a half-bowl, if the upper and lower domes overlap, the lower surface of the upper dome will become a dead zone for lighting and audio equipment, and the lighting and acoustic effects will be affected. Taking this into account, it is necessary to minimize the overlap between the upper dome and the lower dome, and the roof opening ratio must be substantially very low. The structure of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 to which the present invention is applied has a high degree of freedom in terms of lighting and acoustic design, and the dome roof can be widely used as a part of stage equipment, and has a half-bowl shape. It is clear that this stadium is superior as a multi-purpose stadium compared to the upper and lower domes.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 are driven in the circumferential direction so that they overlap each other to the maximum, and then are driven in a straight line to fully open the sky above the field 30 and the bleachers 31. It shows.

1 A circumferential drive mechanism and a linear drive mechanism for driving and operating the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 in the manner described above will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, annular rails 40 for driving the -L dome lO and the lower dome 20 in the circumferential direction are installed on the outer edge of the bleachers 31 separately for the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. It is provided. For upper dome 10 and lower dome 20
Each annular rail 40 is composed of a fixed annular rail 41 and a movable annular rail 42.

The fixed annular rail 41 is attached to the upper part of the lower structure 50 of the stadium, and the movable annular rail 42 continuous with this is attached to the second part of the parallel movement base 60 placed on a straight rail 43, which will be described later. placed on the surface.

When the parallel movement base 60 is in the position shown in FIG. are configured such that they can be driven in the circumferential direction clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively.

2. As shown in FIG. 4, in the "overlap open state" in which the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 overlap in a parallel state, after operating so that both bases are positioned on the movable annular rail 42, By moving the base 60, the upper dome 1
0 and the lower dome 20 can be driven linearly along the straight rail 43, and the roof can be brought into a "fully open state" as shown in FIG.

A specific example of the movable annular rail 42, the parallel movement base 50, and the linear rail 43 will be explained according to FIG.

A plurality of drive carts 61 are attached to the bases of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20, respectively. 21 A hinge portion 1].21 is interposed between the hem 10 and the lower dome 20 and the drive base 61 for transmitting the load and reaction force of the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20. It has a structure that absorbs deformation due to temperature of the dome 10 and lower dome 20.

Each drive truck 6 for the upper dome or the lower dome
By independently driving and operating the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20, the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 can be independently driven in the circumferential direction.

The drive truck 61 runs along a movable annular rail 42 laid at the base of a groove-like track 65 provided on the upper surface of the parallel movement base 60. Wheels 62 rotated by a geared motor are provided on the lower surface of the drive truck 61. The wheels 62 include driving wheels and wheels simply serving as load receivers.

Of course, the driving force may be transmitted to all wheels 62.

Furthermore, the number of wheels 62 to be provided for one drive truck 61 is arbitrary in terms of design.

In the illustrated embodiment, the movable rail 42 is connected to the upper dome 10.
and lower dome 20, respectively.
Of course, a plurality of each may be arranged.

Further, a guide rail 63 for preventing floating is provided at the base of the grooved track 65, and a guide rail 63 for preventing floating is provided.
A roller 64 provided on the lower surface of the dome engages with the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20 to prevent the drive carriage 61 from floating due to wind.

A lateral force receiving mechanism 66 consisting of wheels, rails, pinion racks, etc. is provided between the side surface of the drive truck 61 and the wall surface of the groove-like track 65. The lower dome 20 is structured to resist forces from the right and left directions in the drawing.

Note that the lateral force receiving mechanism 66 has a wind pressure of, for example, 101Q/
A drive that assists the drive function of the main drive source when the frictional resistance between the annular rail 40 and the wheels 62 of the drive truck 61 decreases and an appropriate traveling speed cannot be maintained when configured to act as a source. Therefore, if the lateral force receiver is simply a mechanism for receiving the lateral force applied to the upper dome 10 and the lower dome 20, the lateral force receiver can be used as a mechanism 66 by attaching a spear to the side of the drive truck 61 and moving it along the wall surface of the grooved track 65. All you have to do is run it,
No driving force is required.

Similarly, a lateral force receiving mechanism for the parallel movement base 60 is also provided between the parallel movement base 60 and the convex portion 51 constructed at the upper end of the frame 50.

A plurality of drive carts 67 for parallel movement are provided on the lower surface of the base 60 for parallel movement and run along the straight rails 43 laid on the upper surface of the frame 5o. In the illustrated embodiment, two pairs of straight rails 6o are arranged on the left and right sides, but the number is of course not limited in terms of design.

In order to prevent the wheels 62 of the drive cart 61 for the upper dome IO and the lower dome 20 from coming off the annular rail 40 (fixed annular rail 41 and movable annular rail 42), the above-mentioned uplift prevention mechanism and sideways It is also preferable that the force receiver is not only a mechanism but also a derailing mechanism arranged between the rail and the wheel. Various structures are conceivable for such a derailing mechanism; examples include a structure in which the upper surface of the rail is formed into a concave shape and the wheels run within the groove; conversely, a structure in which the cross section of the wheel is formed in a concave shape , a structure that is formed like the wheels of a railway vehicle so that the rail can be pressed down in both directions or one direction, and furthermore, a kite member that runs along the rail in addition to the wheels, such as a rail clamp. A structure that provides a

[Effects of the Invention] The retractable roof stadium to which the present invention is applied has a dome-shaped cross section, and is composed of an upper dome and a lower dome each having a hyperbolic opening when viewed from above, each of which can be rotated clockwise independently. Alternatively, by driving in the counterclockwise direction, various roof open states can be created, from the "closed state" to the "overlapping concave jFLJJ", and the roof can be moved away from the upper part of the field with the two overlapped. According to the roof opening/closing mechanism of the present invention, the roof structure as described above can be opened according to the direction of sunlight or wind, or depending on the direction of sunlight or wind. The above arrangement makes it possible to freely adjust the width of the release section and the direction of release, thus solving the above-mentioned problems.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing the roof closed state of a retractable roof stadium to which the present invention is applied; Figure 2 is Figure 3; Figure 4 is Figure 5; Figure 6 is the same roof. They are a perspective view in a fully open state, a plan view with the roof removed, a plan view showing circumferential drive of the roof, a plan view showing linear drive of the roof, and a schematic sectional view of the roof drive section. In the figure, each symbol indicates the following. 10 - Upper dome 11 - Hinge part 20 - Lower dome 21 - Hinge part 30 - Field 31 - Grandstand 40 - Annular rail 41 - Fixed annular rail 42 - Movable annular rail 43 - Straight rail 50 - Framework 51 - Framework Convex part 6〇 - Base drive trolley for parallel movement Wheel guide rail Loaf grooved track Lateral force receiver is mechanism Drive trolley for parallel movement

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The upper part of the field part and the spectator seat part of the stadium are covered by partially overlapping arch-shaped upper and lower domes having a hyperbolic open part, and this pair of domes is a part of the stadium. A circumferential drive mechanism located along the outer edge drives the upper and lower domes in mutually free directions to close and partially open the roof, and a linear drive mechanism causes the upper and lower domes to move in parallel. A mechanism for moving the player out of at least the space above the field, which includes a pair of straight rails arranged at symmetrical positions on the outside edge of the stadium, and a parallel movement mechanism with a drive trolley on the underside of the straight rails. A linear drive mechanism is set by placing a base for the use, and further,
A movable annular rail among the annular rails for driving the upper dome and lower dome in the circumferential direction is arranged on the top surface of this parallel movement base, and a fixed annular rail among the annular rails is placed on the top surface of the stadium frame. A roof for a stadium with a retractable roof, characterized in that driving carts fixedly arranged on the upper surface and arranged at both base ends of an upper dome and a lower dome are mounted on an annular rail to form a circular drive mechanism. Opening/closing mechanism. 2. The opening/closing device according to claim 1, wherein lateral force receiving mechanisms are disposed on both sides of the parallel drive base and on both sides of the drive cart that drives the upper dome and the lower dome in the circumferential direction. Roof opening/closing mechanism in roof stadium. 3. The roof opening/closing mechanism for a retractable roof stadium according to claim 1, wherein a lifting prevention mechanism is disposed on the lower surface of the drive truck that drives the upper dome and the lower dome in the circumferential direction.