JPH0323058Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] (1) Industrial application field This invention relates to Amashiyo's rotating drum type defoliator, and more specifically, the defoliation using the rollers of the rotary drum type defoliator. This prevents leaf efficiency from decreasing.

(2) Problems to be solved in relation to conventional technology A defoliator that mechanically and continuously removes leaves attached to mown grass was developed in 1973.
The rotary drum type defoliator described in Japanese Patent No. 38587 is conventionally known and in public use.

This conventional rotary drum type defoliator has a mechanism as described in the above publication, and
It is extremely compact and can continuously remove large amounts of Amashiyo leaves, and it is possible to perform the removal work extremely efficiently with less labor, dramatically improving existing defoliation technology. As such, it is highly regarded in society.

The outline of this conventional rotary drum type defoliator is as follows.

That is, a pair of rollers 2, 2' with the same diameter, which have a roughened surface with multiple axial lines, are brought into contact with each other, and the shafts 3, 3' at both ends are held in contact with each other by annular plates 5, 5. It is rotatably supported, and a rotating drum 7 is constituted by a large number of rollers 2, 2'. A drive wheel 4 such as a chain wheel is connected to the annular plate 5 at the right end.

The roller shafts 3 and 3' are provided with small gears 8 and 8' of the same diameter, respectively, and these small gears mesh with each other, so that the rollers 2 and 2' move at the same speed in opposite directions. Rotate. roller shaft 3,
A pinion 9 is provided on one shaft of 3',
It is meshed with an internally toothed ring gear 12 fixed to the machine base 11.

The drive wheel 4 is driven by a chain 18 etc.
The entire drum 1 is rotated via the annular plate 5 at the right end. The annular plates 5, 5 which rotatably support the roller shafts 3, 3' are supported at their lower portions by a pair of left and right rollers 13, 13'. A cassette feed cylinder 14 fixed to a machine base 11 is provided adjacent to the left side of the rotating drum, and a cassette discharge cylinder 15 is provided at the tip of the rotary drum. When the entire drum 1 rotates on the roller 13, each roller 2, 2' revolves due to the rotation of the drum 1. roller shaft 3,
3' pinion 9 is connected to the fixed ring gear 1
Since it meshes with the internal teeth of rollers 2 and 2, it rotates on its own axis as it revolves, causing the rollers 2 and 2' to rotate on their own axis. When the rotary drum 7 is rotating and the rollers 2 and 2' are rotating, when the amashiyo with leaves is introduced from the amashiyo charging cylinder 14, the amashiyo is mixed in the rotating drum. At this time, the leaf tip of the sweet potato is sandwiched between the rollers 2 and 2' rotating inwardly and drawn in, and then pushed out of the rotating drum. Since the Amashiyoi cannot pass between the rollers 2 and 2', the leaf opening is torn off from the Amashiyoi and the leaves are removed. The defoliated leaves are pushed out of the circumference of the rotating drum 7 and are discharged outside the rotating drum 7.

In the rotary drum 7, the input tube 14 is slightly raised and slanted than the discharge tube 15, so the loaded amashiyo is moved forward by the rotation of the rotary drum and eventually reaches the discharge tube. It is discharged from 15. During the passage through the rotating drum, the leaves attached to the sweet potatoes are completely detached from the sweet potatoes.
This defoliation work is done continuously.

Regarding the above conventional rotary drum type defoliator,
There is a problem in that during operation, defoliated leaves wrap around the outer surface of the rollers, which often reduces the leaf gripping force of the pair of rollers 2, 2', resulting in a decrease in defoliating efficiency. When the leaves are dry, even if the leaves are wrapped around the rollers, they may naturally separate from the rollers, but when the leaves are damp, the leaves have a strong tendency to wrap around the rollers, and It does not come off the roller easily.

In conventional rotary drum type defoliators, once the leaves are wrapped around the rollers, they do not separate from the rollers. The cause lies in the fact that no positive force is applied to the leaf to make it detach. When a part of the wrapped leaf is cut by the pressure between rollers 2 and 2', the wrapped leaf may unravel and separate from the roller, but the pressure between rollers 2 and 2' If the rollers 2 and 2' are made so large that they can easily push through the leaves, there is a strong tendency for the leaves to be cut during leaf retraction, impeding the leaf retraction action, and the surfaces of the rollers will wear out prematurely. It is not possible to press them together too strongly.

Therefore, in order to automatically detach leaves from the roller once they have been wrapped around the roller, the idea was to use the other roller to detach the leaves that were wrapped around one roller from the other roller. The objective is to use this force to lift the wrapped leaves from the surface of the roller and cut them.

(3) Measures taken to solve the problem and their effects The means taken to solve the above problem is to make the circumferential speeds of the pair of rollers 2 and 2', which are in contact with each other and rotate in opposite directions, different.

The effect of this means is as follows. In other words, when the circumferential speed of roller 2 is V and the circumferential speed of roller 2' is V', when the edge of the leaf of Amashiyo wraps around roller 2, the edge of the leaf is faster than the circumferential speed of roller 2'. The roller 2' is fed toward the contact area with the roller 2'. However, since the roller 2' rotates at a peripheral speed slower than the above-mentioned feeding speed of the leaf opening, a braking force is applied to the leaf opening at the portion where it contacts the roller 2'. Therefore, the leaf tip flexes on the inside of the rotating drum, that is, at the part A in FIG. 4, by the amount of braking applied, and rises from the surface of the roller 2 in this part. Roller 2 is used for the leaf opening.
Rollers 2 and 2' are raised from the surface of
In between, it is bitten again and crushed. After passing through the contact portion of both rollers, the roller 2
is pulled again at a high speed by the At this time,
Since the leaf opening is gripped by both rollers at the contact area between rollers 2 and 2', roller 2
The tensile force caused by this acts on the leaf opening as a force that attempts to cut it. At the same time, the outer surfaces 1, 1 of the rollers 2 and 2' are rough surfaces with multiple streaks in the axial direction, and when they come into contact with each other, the difference in peripheral speed V-V' causes the rollers to 2 produces a rubbing action on the leaves wrapped around it. The above action is performed once during one rotation of the roller, so this action is instantaneously repeated 2 to 3 times, and the wrapped leaf is reliably cut in part, and when it is cut in part, the part The folding action of the leaf at A ensures that the leaf tip is separated from the roller 2 and pushed out of the rotating drum 7. If the leaf end is wrapped around the roller 2, it is removed from the roller 2 as described above, but due to the above-mentioned release action, the leaf that is rolled up from the outside to the inside of the rotating drum by the roller 2 is It is tucked up in part A and has less tendency to wrap around the roller 2.

When the circumferential speed of the roller 2 is faster than the circumferential speed of the roller 2', the leaves are dragged by the roller 2 with the faster circumferential speed, so there is almost no chance that the leaves will wrap around the roller 2'. Even if it wraps around the roller 2', it is pulled on the inside of the rotating drum 7, slackens on the outside, and is separated from the roller 2 in the same way as when it is wrapped around the roller 2.

Therefore, the leaves wrapped around the rollers are quickly and automatically released from the rollers.

(4) Example A specific example of the above means, that is, rollers 2 and 2'
A specific example in which the circumferential speeds of the small gears 8 and 8' are different from each other is that the diameters of the small gears 8 and 8' may be made different in the conventional one, or the small gears 8 and 8' may be made the same diameter and the rollers 2 and 2 may be made to have different diameters. ′ may be different in diameter.

Regarding the difference in circumferential speed, if the difference is large, the roller wears quickly, and if the difference is small, the ability to separate the wrapped leaves from the roller is reduced. Therefore,
It is preferable to keep the circumferential speed as low as possible within the limits that ensure a satisfactory disengagement effect. If the diameter of the roller is large, the roller itself will get caught between rollers 2 and 2' and pushed out to the outside of the rotating roller 7. On the other hand, if the diameter of the roller is small, the defoliation efficiency will only decrease. This will accelerate the wear of the outer surface of the roller. Considering the thickness of Amashiyo produced in Japan, the roller diameter is preferably around 55 mm, but when the roller diameter is 55 mm and the standard rotational speed is 200 rpm, the ratio of the above peripheral speed is 20:17. It is most preferable to select it to the extent that

If you want to change the circumferential speed by using different roller diameters, the roller diameter of one roller will need to be larger or smaller than around 55mm.
A method in which the circumferential speeds of the rollers 2 and 2' are made different based on the rotational speed difference is preferred. In addition, by making the axial lines on the surfaces 1 of the rollers 2 and 2' slightly helical and making the direction of inclination the same as the rotation direction of the rollers, the defoliation effect and the release effect of leaves wrapped around the rollers can be improved to some extent. be able to.

When implementing the present invention, the outer surfaces of the rollers 2 and 2' wear out somewhat faster than the conventional rollers in which the peripheral speeds of the rollers 2 and 2' are equal. In order to ensure the durability, it is necessary to increase the abrasion resistance of the roller surface to some extent, but there is no need to pay particular attention to other matters.

(4) Unique effects produced by this invention The above problem can be solved by providing a peeling blade on the outside of the rotating drum and bringing the tip of the peeling blade close to the outer surface of the roller 2.2'. However, in this case, the mechanism for attaching and supporting the peeling blade is not only complicated, but also increases the weight of the rotating drum, and furthermore, the peeling blade requires maintenance. Become. In contrast, this invention does not require any additional mechanical elements.

For conventional rotary drum type defoliators,
It is necessary to make the length of the rotating drum sufficiently long, taking into account that the defoliation efficiency will be reduced due to the leaves wrapping around the roller, but with this invention,
As a result of being able to completely prevent leaves from wrapping around the roller, the length of the rotating drum can be shortened. This means that the entire length of the defoliator can be shortened to make it more compact, and the practical merits of this are extremely large.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a conventional rotary drum type defoliator, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary drum of FIG. 1 taken along line A-B, and FIG. 3 is a conventional roller 2.
2' is an explanatory diagram of the defoliation action, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the action of the present invention. 2 and 2'...roller, 3 and 3'...roller shaft, 7...rotating drum, 8 and 8'...small gear.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] The surface of the rollers is roughened by adding multiple axial lines, and the two rollers are brought into contact with each other to form a set, and the roller shafts 3, 3' at both ends of each roller 2, 2' of the multiple sets are made into a rough surface. A rotary drum is constructed by rotatably supported by bearings of a large number of annular plates 5 arranged on the circumference, and a small gear is provided at one end of each roller of each set so that the gears mesh with each other. , 3' is provided with a pinion 9 at one end thereof, and this pinion 9 is connected to a fixed ring gear 1 having internal teeth.
2 are engaged and driven by a transmission mechanism such as a chain to rotate the entire drum, and each set of rollers is rotated in opposite directions to rotate the Amashiyo leaves put into the drum. In Amashiyo's rotary drum type defoliator, which strips the leaves to the outside of the drum by holding them between sets of rollers, the circumferential speeds of the two rollers 2 and 2' in each set that are in contact with each other are set to be different from each other. Amashiyo's rotating drum type defoliator.