JPH0324329Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial application field This invention relates to an improved hand planer for woodworking.

Prior Art As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, a conventional hand planer for woodworking is a planer table 10 made of hard wood such as oak and provided with a relief amount Δ on the lower end surface 101a.
1, a planer blade 102 is attached with the blade surface 102a facing downward and has a clearance angle θ ₁ of about 10 degrees with respect to the lower end surface (shitabamen) 101a, and a backing metal 103 for preventing reverse eyelids is attached to the planer. It was attached in pressure contact with the blade back surface 102b of the blade. Also known as a hand-held planer is Utsukai No. 59-171902. In this tool, a planer blade is fixed with a bolt to the support surface of a pedestal provided behind an opening in the center of the reference surface on the lower surface of a substantially rectangular parallelepiped block.

The problem that the invention aims to solve The conventional clearance angle θ ₁ of around 10° is an angle set in consideration of the fact that the cutting edge wears and the biting into the workpiece becomes worse. As shown in Figure 8, both the back surface and the cutting surface wear out, causing the cutting edge to become rounded and move away from the cutting surface. That is, the depth of cut d changes, and the blade length must be adjusted frequently during use. In addition, when the wear reaches its limit, the planer blade must be removed and resharpened, and since the planer table is made of wood, it tends to warp and the lower end surface (shibamen) must be adjusted from time to time. Re-sharpening and adjusting the installation of these planer blades are tasks that rely on very delicate intuition, and there is a problem in that only an experienced person can fully master the use of a hand planer.
In addition, although the planer blade mounting structure of Utility Model Application Publication No. 59-171902 is simplified, there is no consideration given to the relief angle on the back of the blade for the planer blade itself or its mounting surface, and the cutting edge It has more problems than conventional planers in terms of wear and adjusting the depth of cut.

Means for Solving the Problems A planer has a cutting edge 1f and an opening 1b for discharging planer waste at the center position near the ridge 1a, and a lower end base 1 is formed of a metal or hard resin material with no deviation. On the stand 5, a lower end surface (shitabamen) 1e of the planer stand 5 at a position near the ridge 1a following the blade opening 1f.
A planer blade mounting groove 1c having a bottom surface 1d with a slight slope for the relief angle of the plane blade is cut, and the blade has inclined surfaces 6d with a small angle that widens from the cutting edge toward the peak side on both sides of the back surface 6a of the blade. The back surface 6a and the inclined surface 6b are coated with a hard layer 7 that is harder than the base material of the blade, and the cutting surface 6c is not coated with the hard layer.The planer blade 6 has a cutting edge on the bottom surface 1d of the planer blade mounting groove 1c. The blade protrudes from the lower end surface 1e by a depth of cut d, and is attached with a small clearance angle θ ₂ such that the back surface 6a of the blade is substantially parallel to the lower end surface 1e.

Embodiments Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. As shown in Figures 1 to 3, upper ends 2 and 3 are made of wood except for the central part that discharges chips on both sides of a lower end 1 made of aluminum material, for example. are fixed by a plurality of bolts 4, and a planer stand 5 is constituted by a lower end stand 1 and upper end stands 2 and 3. Width center portion 1a of lower end stand 1
Blade mouth 1f and planer waste discharge opening 1 at the close position
b is bored, and a planer blade 6 mounting groove 1c is further formed at a position near the ridge 1a following the blade mouth 1f.
The bottom surface 1d of the mounting groove 1c is provided with a slight slope for clearance angle, and the clearance angle θ ₂ is set to 0.05 to 0.3°. A planer blade 6 is installed in the mounting groove 1c with a plurality of bolts, and the back surface 6a of the planer blade 6 has a relief angle θ ₂ with respect to the lower end surface 1e.
The cutting edge 6d is attached so as to protrude by a cutting depth d. With this installation, the planer blade 6
is almost parallel to the lower end surface ((shitabamen) 1e).
The amount of protrusion corresponding to the depth of cut d is preferably 30 μm to 70 μm. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the planer blade 6 is provided with inclined surfaces 6d on both sides of the back surface 6a of the blade, which become wider from the cutting edge toward the peak side, and this inclination angle θ' is 0.5 to 6. It is set at 5°. Furthermore, the back surface 6a and inclined surface 6b of the planer blade 6 are coated with hard chromium plating, which is harder than the base material of the blade, or a hard layer 7 of 0.3 to 6 μm having equivalent properties, and the cutting surface 6c is not plated with hard chromium. The carbon tool steel of the blade base material is exposed.

Note that the material for the lower end stand 1 is not limited to aluminum, and it is of course possible to use materials such as aluminum alloy or hard resin that are lightweight and less likely to warp or wear.

Operation The work of attaching the planer blade 6 to the planer stand 5 is extremely simple and does not require any adjustment.The method is to align the blade surface 6e with the bottom surface 1d of the mounting groove 1c, and tighten the bolt with the blade edge 6d facing the blade mouth 1f side. Then, a predetermined small relief angle θ ₂ and depth of cut d can be obtained. When a long piece of wood is cut with a hand planer to which the planer blade 6 is attached in this way, the back surface 6a and inclined surface 6d of the planer blade 6 are coated with a hard layer 7 made of wear-resistant hard chrome plating. ,Shinogimen 6c
Since the carbon tool steel of the blade base material is exposed, as the cutting time passes, the cutting surface 6c wears out quickly as if it were polished by the outflow pressure of chips, resulting in crater-shaped wear as shown by the imaginary line in Figure 3. As the process progresses, a hard chrome layer is left behind on the cutting edge, and the cutting edge remains sharp at all times. As shown in the experimental results shown in Figures 7a and 7b, this self-polishing characteristic maintains the roundness of the cutting edge even after cutting 4 km.
It is smaller and much sharper than when cutting 0.2 km with 02. Also, the clearance angle θ ₂ is extremely small and the back surface of the blade 6
Since a is almost parallel to the lower end surface 1e, there is little change in the position of the cutting edge as a result of wear, and a nearly constant depth of cut d can be stably obtained, and the natural biting force can be used. Easy cutting with less pressing force is possible.

Furthermore, it is known from the past experience that the back-grain run-down that occurs when cutting wood in the opposite grain direction does not occur even if a backing metal is not attached when the cutting depth d is about 50 μm with a sharp knife immediately after polishing. Furthermore, when the cutting length exceeds 1 km, the cutting surface 6c is hollowed out in the shape of a crater, creating a counter-grain prevention effect similar to that of a planer blade with a backing. become.

When cutting the surface of a piece of wood that is wider than the planer blade 6, if you cut with the planer at an angle, the clearance angle θ ₂ will be small, so one of the back surfaces 6a of the blade near both ends of the blade will end up on the uncut adjacent surface that is higher than the cutting surface. When they come into contact with each other, the planer blade 6 becomes lifted and becomes unable to cut. For this reason, inclined surfaces 6b are provided at both ends of the back surface 6a of the blade, thereby making it possible to completely cope with diagonal cutting and meandering cutting.

Effects As detailed above, the present invention consists of the lower end stand of the planer stand made of a material with less distortion, such as aluminum alloy or hard resin, and is engraved at a position adjacent to the protrusion following the cutting edge of the planer stand. The planer blade mounting groove has a slight slope for clearance angle on the bottom surface, and the blade has sloped surfaces on both sides of the back surface that become wider from the cutting edge toward the peak side, and the back surface and sloped surface have a hard layer that is harder than the base material of the blade. A planer blade with a hard layer coating and a cutting surface is installed so that the cutting edge protrudes from the bottom surface by the depth of cut, so adjustment can be made simply by installing the planer blade in the specified position. The self-sharpening properties of the planer blade allow it to maintain its sharpness, significantly increasing its durability. In addition, the slope for the clearance angle of the blade in the blade mounting groove can be made very small because the sharpness of the blade edge is maintained, and the synergistic effect with the fact that the back surface of the blade is almost parallel to the lower end surface (shibamen) reduces the wear of the blade edge. There is almost no reduction in the depth of cut, and there is no need to adjust the blade length of the planer blade. In addition, a planer blade has an inclined surface near both ends on the back side of the blade that gets wider as it goes from the cutting edge toward the peak, so it can reduce the step that occurs at the seam when cutting a wood surface that is wider than the blade width while shifting in the width direction. It can be blurred, making it possible to make the first cut with a planer blade that has almost no relief angle. Furthermore, by using a material that does not go out of order for the bottom end of the planer table, there is no need to modify the planer table, eliminating the need for re-sharpening and adjustments that require skill, making it easy to use even for beginners. This has the effect of making it possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front cutaway view of the hand planer of the present invention, Figure 2
The figure is a bottom view of the hand planer of the present invention, Figure 3 is an enlarged view of part A of Figure 1, Figure 4 is a front view of the plane blade of the present invention seen from the back of the blade, and Figure 5 is the figure of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a side view of the planer blade, Fig. 6 is a view taken along line A-A in Fig. 4, and Fig. 7 shows the wear shape of the planer blade of the present invention. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the wear shape of a conventional planer blade, FIG. 9 is a front cutaway view of a conventional hand planer, and FIG. 10 is a detailed view of section B in FIG. 9. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Lower end stand (shitabadai), 1e... Lower end surface (shitabamen), 5... Planer stand, 6... Planer blade, 6a... Blade back surface, 7... Hard layer coating.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A planer table having a cutting edge and an opening for discharging planer scraps at the central position near the top, and a lower end table formed of a metal or hard resin material with no irregularities. A planer blade mounting groove having a slight slope for the relief angle of the planer blade is cut on the lower end surface (shitabamen) of the planer stand at a position near the protrusion following the blade opening,
On both sides of the back surface of the blade, there are sloped surfaces with small angles that become wider from the cutting edge toward the peak.The back surface and the sloped surfaces are coated with a hard layer that is harder than the base material of the blade, and the second surface is coated with the hard layer. An uncoated planer blade is set in the planer blade mounting groove with a small clearance angle such that the cutting edge protrudes from the lower end surface (shitabamen) by the cutting amount and the back surface of the blade is almost parallel to the lower end surface (shitabamen). This hand planer for woodworking is characterized by the self-sharpening property of the planer blade and the fact that it is installed almost parallel to the lower end surface, thereby eliminating the need for adjusting the blade length. (2) The fine slope for the relief angle of the planer blade is 0.05~0.3°,
The hand planer for woodworking according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the inclined surface is 0.5 to 5 degrees. (3) The hand planer for woodworking according to claim 2 of the utility model registration claim, wherein the depth of cut is 30 to 70 μm.