JPH032503B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a binder for fish feed. [Conventional technology] Conventionally, fish feed has been fed by mincing or cutting raw or frozen fish such as sardines, mackerel, and sea urchin, but this has resulted in a large amount of water-soluble nutritional components leaking out and dispersion in seawater. This has become a major problem as it reduces feeding rates for fish and contaminates fish farms, leading to declines in survival and growth rates. In recent years, so-called moist pellets, which are feed prepared by mixing and stirring fishmeal, vitamins, minerals, etc. with a binder, and then mixing, kneading, and forming crushed raw bait, have become rapidly popular. [Problems to be solved by the invention] Moist pellets can improve the above-mentioned problems with conventional feeds, and the pellet diameter can be changed according to the size of the fish's mouth, and the pellet size can be adjusted according to the growth rate of the fish. It is very efficient because the mixing ratio with feed or the mixing ratio of nutrients such as vitamins can be adjusted. Examples of the binder include guar gum, xanthan gum, carboxymethylcellulose salt (CMC salt), sodium alginate, and sodium polyacrylate, but none of them have sufficient effects. Although guar gum has water-retaining properties, it does not have sufficient shape-retaining properties, and since it is a natural product, it has the drawback of inconsistent quality. Sodium alginate and polyacrylic acid have good shape retention due to the presence of Ca salt, but do not have sufficient water retention, and CMC salts have good water retention but do not have sufficient shape retention. There are methods that use sodium alginate and calcium salt (Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-46350), and methods that mix water-soluble polymers such as CMC with sodium alginate and calcium salt (Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-34136).
Since sodium alginate is a natural product, its quality is unstable, and it is difficult to obtain a uniform sol or gel form of sodium alginate and calcium salt. Recently, questions have also begun to arise that gelled products of indigestible substances, such as CMC salts, may cause fecal clumps in young fish. In addition, in CMC salt, to improve caking property,
Although there has been a shift towards products with higher DS and higher viscosity (Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-61546), the physical properties of high DS and high viscosity are contradictory;
DS0.8mol/C ₆ ) with high viscosity (for example, 1% viscosity of 9000cp) requires advanced technology and is also economically disadvantageous due to a decrease in the addition rate of the raw material monochloroacetic acid. It is. [Means for Solving the Problems] As a result of intensive studies to solve these problems, the present inventors have found that by pulverizing CMC salt, which has the least defects, the conventional advantages of CMC salt can be lost. discovered that it could compensate for the drawbacks of CMC salt without
This has led to the present invention. That is, the present invention provides a powder for fish feed using finely ground CMC salt. By finely pulverizing CMC salt, its physical properties become extremely smooth and sticky, and it exhibits good workability with a short kneading time, as well as good moldability and shape retention in water, making it extremely smooth on the skin. I was able to obtain beautiful moist pellets. [Effect] The reason why the kneading time was shortened is thought to be because the surface area became larger due to miniaturization, which resulted in faster water absorption and penetration rates, faster swelling and dissolution rates, and faster development of viscosity. . The reason why the skin became clear is that CMC salt generally contains microgels and microfibers, which are thought to affect the surface condition of the pellets, and this effect is caused by fine pulverization. It is thought that it was removed. In addition, the swollen gel particle size of finely ground CMC salt is 1/5 to 1/6 of that of conventional products, and is expected to reduce mortality due to fecal clumping of Miyabi fish. The particle size of the finely pulverized CMC salt is such that it contains 80% by weight or more, more preferably 90% by weight or more of the salt that can pass through a 400 mesh sieve. If the content of finely ground CMC salt is low, the above-mentioned effects will not be observed. The amount of finely ground CMC salt added to fish feed is 0.1
If it is less than 10%, it has no effect as a binder, and if it exceeds 10%, it is economically disadvantageous.
Moreover, it becomes difficult to maintain a balance with other additives, and the physical properties tend to deteriorate. CMC salts include, for example, Na, K, or ammonium salts, with various degrees of etherification (hereinafter referred to as
DS) and viscosity can be used, but it is preferably a CMC salt with a 1% viscosity of 500 cp or more. DS is not particularly limited as long as it is 0.5 mol/C ₆ or more to be water-soluble. The DS referred to here indicates how many hydroxyl groups of glucose are substituted with carboxymethyl groups in one glucose unit of cellulose through ether bonds. In addition, there is no problem in adding binders other than CMC salt, such as sodium polyacrylate and guar gum, as usual, and other additives such as vitamins, minerals, oils and fats may also be used. I can do it. Examples of the present invention are shown below, but the present invention is not limited thereto. [Example] Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 Fishmeal and CMC-Na were mixed and stirred in the proportions shown in Table 1. The above powder was added to frozen sardines crushed with a crusher, kneaded, and then molded with a molding machine to obtain moist pellets with a diameter of 6.0 mm. The results are shown in Table 2. Compared to conventional products, the finely pulverized product has better moldability and shape retention in water, and its effectiveness is particularly high when using brown fish meal, which has lower caking properties. clearly appeared.

【table】

【table】

【table】 evaluation Moldability, texture, workability, underwater shape retention; ◎: Very good, ○: Good, △: Normal, ×: Bad Stickiness; ○: Not sticky at all △: Slightly sticky, ×: Sticky

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A binder for fish feed, characterized in that it contains a carboxymethylcellulose salt that has been finely ground to a particle size of 80% by weight or more that passes through a 400 mesh sieve. 2. The binder for fish feed according to claim 1, wherein the addition rate of finely pulverized carboxymethyl cellulose salt is 0.1 to 10.0 wt% (based on fish feed).