JPH03254313A - Manufacture of sheet and its device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To manufacture a sheet at a low working bearing and at one stage by moving an anvil toward a container as sooner as a stock is pressurized toward the anvil and extruding the stock from a die hole formed between a part of the container and the surface of the anvil. CONSTITUTION:The stock 5 is inserted into an inner hole 4a of the container 4, a plunger 6a is pushed down by a pressurizing means 6 and the stock 5 is pressurized toward the upper surface of the anvil 3. When the anvil 3 is moved by pushing means 8 in the direction of an arrow A under this pressurizing state, the stock 5 is moved in the direction of A by the frictional force between the lower surface of the stock 5 and the upper surface of the anvil 3 and is extruded as a sheet 11 from the die hole 7. In this way, the working device is miniaturized and even a small lot of products can be worked quickly.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing thin plates, and in particular, to manufacturing ultra-thin foils from block-shaped solid materials, stacked plate materials, or powder materials. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for manufacturing plates with irregularities on the surface, clad plates made of different materials, and thin plates of various alloys and composite materials from powdered materials.

(Prior Art) One of the conventional thin plate manufacturing methods and apparatuses is to simply pressurize a material charged in a container from above and forcibly extrude it from a die hole below. In addition, as another method and apparatus, there is a method of manufacturing in several steps using a rolling mill.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In the former extrusion method and apparatus, the thinner the plate thickness is, the more the extrusion surface pressure must be increased, so there is a limit to the thickness of the plate that can be formed. In order to manufacture particularly thin foils, it is necessary to significantly reduce the processing surface pressure by heating the material in advance.

In addition, in the latter rolling method and equipment, it is necessary to sequentially reduce the thickness of the block-shaped material through numerous processes, which requires large-scale processing equipment and increases the time required for production. Not suitable for lot production.

For the reasons mentioned above, it has long been desired to develop a method and an apparatus by which small batches of thin sheets, especially foils, can be produced as simply as possible. The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional thin plate manufacturing method and apparatus, to achieve extremely low processing surface pressure, and to
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus capable of manufacturing a thin plate such as a foil into a cylindrical shape in a process.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In the thin plate manufacturing method according to the present invention, after charging a material into a container whose bottom surface is formed by the surface of a separate anvil,
Pressing the material toward the anvil and simultaneously moving the anvil relative to the container such that the surface moves along the surface of the anvil, thereby creating a gap between a portion of the container and the surface of the anvil. The method is characterized in that the material is extruded from the formed die hole in the moving direction.

The thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention has an anvil placed on a pedestal so as to be movable in the lateral direction, and a vertical through hole opening in the upper surface of the anvil, and the anvil is arranged at right angles to the lateral direction. a container whose lower end is pressed and fixed to the pedestal across the direction; a pressurizing means for pressurizing the material charged into the inner hole of the container from above toward the anvil; and a side wall of the container and the anvil. The anvil includes a die hole formed by a narrow gap between the anvil and the upper surface of the anvil, and a drive means for moving the anvil in the lateral direction with respect to the pedestal and the container.

Further, the thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention may be configured such that an anvil having a cylindrical surface and rotatably supported on a pedestal is rotated with respect to the pedestal and the container by a driving means. (Operations and Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, not only pressure from above or from the outside is applied to the material, but also shear force due to friction between the moving anvil surface and the lower surface of the material, so even a thin plate such as foil It can be easily formed with a relatively low pressure. In addition, the equipment becomes smaller, and thin plates such as foil can be easily formed in a single process even in small lots. Furthermore, the present invention is suitable for manufacturing clad plates, alloys or composite thin plates from powdered materials, as the strong shear deformation that acts on the materials causes the materials or powder grains to adhere to each other near the anvil surface. There is. Furthermore, in the present invention, relative slippage between the anvil surface and the lower surface of the material can be prevented by adjusting the pressing force from above or the outside and the movement or rotational speed of the anvil. In addition, it is also possible to manufacture a thin plate having an uneven pattern on its surface. Incidentally, if the surface of the anvil has irregularities, it is also effective in preventing relative slippage.

Furthermore, if an anvil having a cylindrical surface is rotatably supported on a pedestal, the same effect can be achieved with more compact equipment.

(Example) The first example of the method and apparatus of the present invention will be described below in Figures 1 to 3.
This will be explained based on the diagram. The thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to this embodiment includes an anvil 3 that is slidably placed in the horizontal direction on a pedestal 2 that is fixed substantially horizontally on a base 1, and an opening on the upper surface of the anvil 3. Vertical through-bore 4 with square cross section
a and a container 4 which straddles an anvil 3 in a direction perpendicular to its sliding direction and whose lower end is pressed and fixed to a pedestal 2 in a state described later, and a material charged into an inner hole 4a of the container 4. 5 is provided with a plunger 6a of a pressurizing means 6 for pressurizing 5 in the vertical direction from above. A slit-shaped die hole 7 is formed between the lower end of the side wall of the inner hole 4a on the sliding direction side of the anvil 3 and the upper surface of the anvil 3 at right angles to the sliding direction of the anvil 3. Further, the anvil 3 is provided with a pushing means 8 for pushing the anvil 3 and sliding it laterally with respect to the pedestal 2 and the container 4.

The pedestal 2 has a pedestal main body 2a whose upper surface forms a sliding surface against the lower surface of the anvil 3, and opposing side surfaces that are integrally fixed to the cradle main body 2a and are slidable on both sides of the anvil 3. It consists of a pair of guide members 2b. Further, the container holding member 9 has a lower surface fixed to the upper surface of the guide member 2b, and holds the container 4 slidably in the vertical direction in the vertical through hole 9a so as not to move in the horizontal direction. ing.

Next, the operation of this device will be explained. The lower end of the container 4 is pressed and fixed to the pedestal 2 as described above, but this is determined by an appropriate auxiliary pressure means 10 in conjunction with the pressure applied by the plunger 6a before the start of the extrusion operation, and the anvil 3 The pressure of the plunger 10 is the limit that allows sliding of the plunger 10.
This is done by bringing the lower ends of the remaining three side walls of the inner hole 4a of the container 4 into close contact with the upper surface of the anvil 3 and the guide member 2b of the pedestal 2, in addition to the upper end of the container 4 via the inner hole 4a. This prevents the material 5 from entering the contact surface between the lower end of the container 4 and the upper surface of the anvil 3 and guide member 2b due to the pressurization of the plunger 6a.

Next, the material 5 is charged into the inner hole 4a of the container 4, and the plunger 6a is pushed down by the pressurizing means 6 to pressurize the material 5 toward the upper surface of the anvil 3.

While keeping this pressurized state, move the anvil 3 in the direction of arrow A.
When the material 5 is moved by the pushing means 8 in the direction A, the frictional force between the lower surface of the material 5 and the upper surface of the anvil 3
direction, and is extruded from the die hole 7 as a thin plate 11. In this case, under the condition that no relative slip occurs between the upper surface of the anvil 3 and the material 5, the length of the formed thin plate 11 is equal to the sliding distance of the anvil 3. During this extrusion operation, the pressure applied to the container 4 by the auxiliary pressure means 10 continues.

I! Figure 4 shows that an industrial pure aluminum block of IOX IOX 10 mm' is used as the material, and a thickness of 2~
For the case of molding a 0.05 mm plate, the extrusion ratio R
2 is a graph showing a comparison between calculated values and actual measured values of relative machined surface pressure Pp/2 for =5 to 200.

The theoretical values for the relative machining surface pressure Pp/2 for the conventional method and apparatus and the method and apparatus of the present invention are expressed by the following equations (
1) and (2).

P p / 2k = 0.47 + 1.2 x 1n
R-(1)P p / 2k = (R2+ 1)/
2R-m11R/ 2+ 1...(2) However, R: Extrusion ratio; (Thickness of material ■ /Thickness of II product thin plate) Pp: Processing surface pressure; (GPa) k: Shear deformation resistance of material; (GPa) mq: new coefficient of frictional shear on the upper surface of the anvil 3 (0 to 1) In Fig. 4, the broken line is the calculated value of equation (1) using the conventional method and device, m is the actual measured value, and the solid line is the value calculated by the formula (1) using the conventional method and device. The calculated value for each value of m in equation (2) according to the method and apparatus, and the actual measured value.

As a result, in the conventional method and apparatus, the actual measured value almost agrees with the calculated value, and the value of the relative processing surface pressure Pp/2 increases significantly as the extrusion ratio R increases, and when manufacturing ultra-thin plates. It can be seen that the relative machining surface pressure becomes excessive and there is a limit to the thickness of the plate that can actually be formed. On the contrary,
In the method and apparatus of the present invention, the actual measured value agrees well with the calculated value when mQ=1, and it can be seen that as the extrusion ratio increases, the relative machined surface pressure tends to decrease gradually.

According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, according to the above, 0.05
It is clear that the forming of thin sheets or foils of less than m-thickness is also possible in one step due to the low processing surface pressure.

The above is an explanation of the case where the method and apparatus of the present invention are applied to a block-shaped material. It is also suitable for compaction forming alloy or composite plates from shaped materials, and the strong shear deformation near the top surface of the anvil brings the materials or powder grains into close contact with each other, making it possible to manufacture the desired product. In forming the clad plate, the raw materials such as plates are stacked perpendicularly to the extrusion direction for the required number of times and charged into a container.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, under the condition that no relative slip occurs between the top surface of the anvil and the plate to be formed, it is possible to transfer a pattern etc. to the top surface of the anvil, not only on a smooth surface but also on a smooth surface. Surfaces with irregularities can also be formed.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view for explaining the forming conditions of each of the above-mentioned thin plates, in which (A) is the compression molding of the thin plate from powder material, (0 is the compression molding of the thin plate from a material made of four layers stacked together). Pressure molding of a clad plate; (A) shows transfer molding of a thin plate with an uneven surface.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, there is an advantage that the processing equipment is also made smaller and that even products with small lofts can be processed quickly and at low cost.

In the apparatus of the present invention, the sliding friction of the anvil 3 on the pedestal 2 can be reduced by known means such as rolling bearings and roller conveyor systems even if the machining surface pressure increases.

FIG. 6 shows a thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to 1 to 2 embodiments of the present invention. In the figure, the anvil 3 has a cylindrical surface 3a, is rotatably supported on a cradle (not shown), and is moved by an arrow B to the pedestal and the container 4 by a driving means (not shown).
Rotate in the direction. The other configurations are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, so explanations will be omitted. In this embodiment as well, the material 5 charged into the inner hole 4a of the container 4 is pressurized by the pressurizing means 6 toward the surface of the anvil 3 via the plunger 6a, and at the same time the anvil 3 is moved in the direction of arrow B. When rotated by the driving means, the thin plate 1 is removed from the die hole 7.
1 and is pushed out. In this embodiment, since the surface 3a of the anvil 3 is cylindrical, there is no need to consider the length of the anvil in the extrusion direction, and there is an advantage that the equipment can be made more compact.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 11 shows a thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to the 1!1 embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the line I-1, and Figure jI2 is the 1st
FIG. 3 is a partial elevational view of the device shown in FIG. Graphic showing a comparison of relative machined surface pressure Part 5! ! 116 is an enlarged partial sectional view for explaining the forming state of each thin plate, and FIG. 116 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of the thin plate manufacturing apparatus according to the tII12 embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of symbols 2... cradle, 3... anvil, 4... container, 4a... through-hole, 5... material, 6... pressure means, 7... Dice hole, 8...driving means, 11.
・・Thin plate.

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) After charging the material into a container whose bottom surface is formed by the surface of a separate anvil, pressurize the material toward the anvil and at the same time move the anvil so that the surface moves along the surface. to the container,
A method for producing a thin plate, characterized in that the material is extruded in the moving direction through a die hole formed between a part of the container and the surface of the anvil. (2) An anvil placed on a pedestal so as to be movable in the horizontal direction; and a vertical through-hole opening in the upper surface of the anvil, with the lower end straddling the anvil in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction; is pressed and fixed to the cradle, a pressurizing means for pressurizing the material charged into the inner hole of the container from above toward the anvil, and a side wall of the container and an upper surface of the anvil. A thin plate manufacturing apparatus comprising: a die hole formed by a narrow gap provided therebetween; and driving means for moving the anvil in the lateral direction with respect to the pedestal and the container. (3) an anvil having a cylindrical surface and rotatably supported on a pedestal, and a through-hole opening in the surface of the anvil and extending radially outward with respect to the cylinder; a container whose lower end is pressed and fixed to the pedestal across the direction of the rotational axis; a pressurizing means for pressurizing the material charged into the inner hole of the container from the outside toward the anvil; A thin plate manufacturing apparatus comprising: a die hole formed by a narrow gap provided between a side wall and a surface of the anvil; and a drive means for rotating the anvil with respect to the pedestal and the container.