JPH0325529B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to improvements in polyester yarns for pile fabrics that have excellent color development and tone, and have good texture and pile standing. More specifically, the present invention uses basic dyes to
This invention relates to a polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics such as velvet, vestine, corduroy, etc., which can be dyed deeply at a dyeing temperature of 0.degree. Pile fabrics are generally referred to as pile weaves, pile weaves, velvet weaves, etc., and there are two types: vertical pile weaves and horizontal pile weaves. As shown in Figure 1, velvet is made by applying a warp double weave, with 1 ground thread and 2 ground weft threads.
In addition, a special warp thread, that is, a wool warp thread 3 is woven into the fabric, and this is cut to form a pile 4. Betutin and corduroy are pile fabrics that have a double weft structure and use a special wool weft yarn in addition to the ground date yarn and ground weft yarn. Previously, velvet was made from rayon, acetate,
Silk and other materials have been widely used, but in recent years formalin resin, which is applied to rayon velvet to stretch it and give it elasticity, can no longer be used due to clothing pollution concerns, and instead, the use of woven filament, which does not require the use of formalin, has been introduced. There is a growing desire to develop velvet for However, the nylon velvet that has been trial-produced so far has weak pile resilience and the pile surface is rough, and polyester velvet has more tension and stiffness than rayon velvet, and has strong pile resilience, so the pile flattening occurs. Although it has the advantage of being less likely to fall out or break due to its excellent abrasion resistance, it is difficult to obtain the vivid and deep hues of rayon velvet. On the other hand, due to the high strength and high Young's modulus of polyester yarn, the pile cutting properties are poor, and as a result, the shape of the pile tip after shearing is deformed into a nail head shape.To improve this problem, basic dyes are used. Utility Model Application Publication No. 54-69965 proposes the use of a dyeable modified polyester yarn as a pile yarn. However, when a modified polyester yarn that can be dyed with a basic dye is used for the pile yarn, it is preferable to use the same modified polyester yarn for the ground yarn from the viewpoint of the same dyeability. However, even if dyed with a basic dye and further increased in shrinkage, the shrinkage of the woven fabric structure, so-called process shrinkage, is insufficient, and the densification of the woven structure is not achieved, resulting in a lack of density in the pile fabric, resulting in a high-quality texture and appearance. No feeling, 2nd
As shown in Figure A, the opening degree θ of the pile 4 is wide and the uprightness of the pile is insufficient, resulting in a lack of deep color tone, and the product has shortcomings such as insufficient tear strength. The present inventors have conducted repeated studies aimed at solving the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, have arrived at the present invention. The objects of the present invention are as follows: (1) 90 mol% or more of the total repeating units are ethylene terephthalate;
A ground yarn for pile fabrics made of a modified polyester yarn containing 4.25 to 5.75 mol% of ethylene-5-sodium sulfoisophthalate and having a relative viscosity of 11 to 16. A polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics, which has random intermittent crimp, has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or more, and has a bulk height of 15 c.c./g or more after heat treatment under no load; (2) 90 mol% or more of the total repeating unit is ethylene terephthalate, 4.25~
A drawn polyester yarn containing 5.75 mol% of ethylene-5-sodium sulfoisophthalate and a relative viscosity of 11 to 16 was subjected to random heat treatment at 160 to 210 °C T ₁ under an overfeed rate of 3% or more. This can be achieved by a method for producing a polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics, which is characterized in that the shrinkage development property is made latent at a temperature T ₂ that satisfies T ₁ −T ₂ ≦40° C. The first feature of the polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention is that 90 mol% or more of the repeat units are ethylene terephthalate and ethylene-
5-Sodium sulfoisophthalate 4.25~
The content was set at 5.75 mol%. If the ethylene terephthalate content is less than 90 mol%, it is not preferable because the functionality and durability of the polyester ground yarn are poor. 100 if the ethylene-5-sodium sulfoisophthalate copolymerization rate is less than 4.25 mol%
If the dyeing temperature is below .degree. C., the degree of dyeing will be low and the desired dyeing property cannot be obtained. That is, conventional pile fabric materials such as rayon, acetate, and silk can be dyed at temperatures below 100°C, and atmospheric pressure dyeing machines have been used as dyeing equipment for pile fabrics. Therefore, in order to develop polyester yarn into the field of pile fabrics, it is necessary to be able to dye it under normal pressure without using a carrier.
On the other hand, if the ethylene-5-sodium sulfoisophthalate copolymerization rate exceeds 5.75 mol%, it is not preferable because not only the cost of the raw material increases but also the strength of the obtained yarn decreases. The second feature of the polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention is that the modified polyester constituting the yarn has a relative viscosity of 11 to 16. If the relative viscosity is less than 11, the molecular weight of the polymer decreases, and when it is made into a pile yarn, single filament breakage occurs during brushing, and when it is made into a ground yarn, the strength of the product decreases due to a decrease in strength, which is undesirable. on the other hand,
If the relative viscosity exceeds 16, the cutting properties will be poor when made into a pile yarn, and the spinning and threading properties will deteriorate due to a significant increase in the viscosity of the polymer, which is preferable. In addition, there is a tendency for the strength of both pile yarn and ground yarn to reach a plateau. The relative viscosity in this invention is 8g of polymer at 100°C.
After dissolving the polymer in 100 ml of orthochlorophenol over 1 hour, the viscosity of this polymer solution and the viscosity of orthochlorophenol itself were measured at 25°C under the same conditions, and the value is expressed as a ratio. The third feature of the polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention is that it has random and intermittent crimping along the length of the yarn, has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or more, and has a It has a characteristic of having a height of 15 c.c./g or more. The above-mentioned yarn having random and intermittent crimp along the length of the yarn is a yarn in which the portion 5 where there is relatively more crimp and the portion 6 where there is relatively less crimp are the same, as shown in Fig. 3. These filaments coexist in a block-like manner within the filament, and the phases of the filament portions 5 and 6 are randomly shifted from each other as shown in FIG. In addition, the above-mentioned characteristics increase the pile density through processing shrinkage when dyeing pile fabrics, giving uprightness to the piles 4 as shown in Figure 2-B, improving the appearance quality, and making the fabric structure denser. It is necessary to improve the tear strength of the product by reducing pile shedding. At this time, the amount of processing shrinkage is an important factor that determines the product characteristics, but simply increasing the shrinkage rate of the ground yarn cannot overcome the mutual restraining force of the woven fabric and cause processing shrinkage. Satisfactory processing shrinkage can only be obtained when the apparent structural shrinkage of the yarn due to shrinkage is taken into account along with the shrinkage. However, if the apparent amount of structural shrinkage and shrinkage force are too large, the woven fabric will develop wrinkle-like undulations, which will cause a deterioration in the quality of the pile fabric. For this reason, in order to satisfy the amount of processing shrinkage and also to prevent the occurrence of grain-like waving, the yarn must have random intermittent crimp along the length direction, and the bulk due to the occurrence of crimp under no load. Altitude is 15c.c./g
It is necessary to use a polyester ground yarn having a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or more. If the bulk height of the ground yarn is less than 15 c.c./g, the processing shrinkage force is weak and satisfactory processing shrinkage cannot be obtained.
It is desirable that this bulk height is high, but the range that can be stably manufactured industrially is up to 40c.c./g.
From the viewpoint of shrinkage amount and manufacturing stability, 20 to 35 c.c./g is preferable. In addition to random intermittent shrinkage, the boiling water shrinkage rate also affects the amount of processing shrinkage; if the boiling water shrinkage rate is less than 5%, a satisfactory shrinkage amount cannot be obtained, and if the boiling water shrinkage rate is 20% or more, In this case, the variation in shrinkage rate during manufacturing becomes large, which is not preferable. Note that the boiling water shrinkage rate is preferably in the range of 8 to 15%. The bulk height is a value determined by the following method. [Method of Measuring Umbrella Height] FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a device for measuring the bulk height, and FIG. 5 is a sketch for explaining the measuring method using this device. Two notches 8 were provided on the top surface of the sample stage 7, and the interval T between the outer edges was 6 mm, and a flexible thin cloth tape 9 with a width of 2.5 cm was stretched over the notches 8.
A metal fitting 10 with a pointer is connected to the lower end of the thin cloth tape 9 at a point 20 cm below the notch 8, and a load 11 is suspended below the metal fitting 10. The pointer on the metal fitting 10 is set so as to indicate the 0 position on the scale 12 when no sample is attached. For the sample, prepare 2 to 10 skeins of 80 m yarn with a circumference of 1 m, depending on the indicated fineness, and leave each skein individually in an atmosphere of 200 ± 2°C for 5 minutes without any load. Hang the skein and heat treat it, then hang the skein after heat treatment so that the indicated fineness is 48,000 denier (for example, for a 30 denier yarn, 30 x 80 x 2
= 4800, 48000 ÷ 4800 = 10, 10 skeins, 75 denier yarn, 75 x 80 x 2 = 12000, 48000 ÷
12000 = 4 (4 skeins)) Align them in parallel. Next, this aligned skein is folded into four as shown in FIG. 5A to form a sample 13, which is then wrapped with a thin cloth tape 9 as shown in the front view of FIG. 5B and the cross-sectional view of FIG. and the sample stage 7. The load 11 is the total of the metal fitting 10 with a pointer.
Adjust the weight to 50g, and read the value S (cm) indicated by the needle. Measurement sample 13 was measured three times in total by moving the position, the average value (cm) was calculated, and the bulk height M
is calculated from the following formula. M (cc/g) = Volume in tape/Weight of yarn in tape = V/W V = S ² / π x 2.5 W = D x 100/100 - H x P x 0.025 x 1/9000 where, D is the fineness (denier) of the sample yarn before heat treatment, and P is the number of yarns inserted in parallel in the tape. Moreover, H is a dry heat shrinkage rate, and the value is determined by the following method. 80m of yarn is made into a skein with a circumference of 1m,
Read the initial length l ₁ (cm) under a load of 0.1g/d,
The skein was heat treated by hanging it under a load in a 200±2°C atmosphere for 5 minutes, and after the heat treatment the skein was again placed under a load of 0.1 g/d and the skein length l ₂ (cm) was read. Then, the dry heat shrinkage rate H is calculated using the following formula. H (%)=(l ₁ -l ₂ )/l ₁ ×100 The polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention can be produced, for example, as follows. That is, a predetermined amount of 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid or its diester is added until the polymerization of terephthalic acid or its diester with ethylene glycol is completed, and the polymerization is carried out by a conventional method to reach a specified degree of polymerization. When it reaches this point, it is discharged and made into chips. This chip contains ethylene-5
- copolymerized components other than sodium sulfoisophthalate, such as derivatives of carboxylic acids such as isophthalic acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, and trimellitic acid;
Diols such as diethylene glycol and polyethylene glycol or other copolymer components,
It can be contained within a range where the total copolymerization rate does not exceed 10 mol%. In addition, matting agents, heat resistance improving ingredients,
Antioxidants and the like may also be added. The chips thus obtained are dried by a conventional method and then melt-spun to obtain undrawn yarn. The raw yarn having random intermittent crimp as defined in the present invention, a specific boiling water shrinkage rate, and a bulk height after heat treatment under no load is manufactured, for example, by the process shown in FIG. 6. be able to. In FIG. 6, the undrawn yarn 14 is drawn by a supply roller 15, a drawing pin 16, and a drawing roller 17. The supply roller 15 is preferably one that nips the rubber surface. The yarn passes through a heating pin 20 between the drawing roller 17 and the first take-up roller 18, but the drawing roller 17 and the first take-up roller 18 have different circumferential speeds, and the heating pin 20 causes thermal contraction of the yarn. Low tension below the stress (low tension where loop formation can occur on the pin, e.g. 10-120
mg/d) and the heat of the heating pin 20 is uniformly transmitted to the entire running yarn, and the yarn is contacted and run within a short period of time. At this time, it is necessary to supply the yarn to the heating pin 20 by actively applying vibration to the yarn using a vibration applying device or an interlacing applying device 19, or by applying a slight entanglement without forming a loop. By applying such vibration or entanglement, only a specific single yarn is prevented from touching the heating pin 20. The thread 14' is the heating pin 2
Random crimp is applied by running in contact with 0. The yarn that has passed through the first take-up roller 18 is passed through a hot plate 22 at a fixed length between the yarn and the second take-up roller 21 to make shrinkage latent, and then wound onto a winder 23 . In the above process, a conventional hot stretching method may be used for the stretching, but the temperature _T1 of the heating pin 20 that performs random heating must be 160 to 210°C. If the heating pin temperature is less than 160℃, the ability to develop shrinkage is weak and a bulk height of 15 c.c./g or more cannot be obtained after heat treatment, and 210
If the temperature exceeds .degree. C., the resulting yarn will have a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or less, and the strength of the yarn will also decrease, which is not preferable. In addition, it is preferable that the said temperature _T1 shall be 180-200 degreeC. Furthermore, in order to provide random densification due to non-uniform heating, it is necessary to perform heat treatment under low tension with an overfeed of 3% or more. However, an overfeed rate of 5 to 10% is a preferable range in order to stabilize the ability of the resulting yarn to develop shrinkage. Furthermore, when making densification latent using the hot plate 22 after non-uniform heating, it is necessary to adopt a hot plate temperature _T2 condition that satisfies _T1 - _T2 ≦40°C. T ₁ −T ₂ ＞40℃
In this case, the shrinkage is not sufficiently latent, and when it is wound on a winder, loops and sag remain as loops and sag, which causes deterioration in unwinding properties from the pirn and in weaving properties, which is undesirable. In addition, in the present invention, the pile yarn is also similar to the ground yarn, and can be manufactured by winding it on a winder immediately after drawing. The present invention will be explained in detail with reference to Examples below. Example (Pile Yarn) Polyester chips having a relative viscosity of 14.32 were obtained by copolymerizing polyethylene terephthalate with 4.8 mol % of ethylene-5-sodium sulfoisophthalate. The temperature of this chip is 160℃, 3mm
Dry under reduced pressure of Hg, using a spinneret with five lobe holes and 36 holes, output rate 40g/min, spinning speed.
An undrawn yarn was obtained by spinning at 1300 m/min. This undrawn yarn was drawn by a factor of 2.8 to obtain a drawn yarn of 100 denier 36 filaments, which was further twisted at 100 T/M. (Ground Yarn) Using the same polyester chips as the pile yarn, it was dried under the same conditions and spun from a 24-hole circular hole spinneret at a discharge rate of 40 g/min and a spinning speed of 1300 m/min to obtain an undrawn yarn. After stretching this undrawn yarn by 2.8 times in the process shown in FIG. 6, it was processed at the heating pin temperature T ₁ , overfeed rate, and hot plate temperature T ₂ shown in Table 1 below, respectively.
Additional twisting of 400T/M was performed. Table 1 shows the boiling water shrinkage rate and bulk height of each yarn obtained after heat treatment under no load.
displayed.

[Table] In Table 1, experiment numbers 2, 3, and 5 are ground yarns according to the present invention, experiment numbers 1, 4, 6, and 7 are comparative examples to clarify the present invention, and experiment number 7 is a stretched yarn. This is the case in which no random shrinking process was performed. The pile yarn and each ground yarn of experiment numbers 1 to 7 were used vertically and horizontally to create a double structure with a weaving density of 60.
Weaving with 95 strands/in x 95 strands/in, 2 vertical and pile threads
A velvet gray fabric was obtained by cutting into mm pieces. Next, shear the pile length to 1.6mm.
After relaxing scouring at 95℃ for 30 minutes, dyeing with estol basic dye for 60 minutes at 98℃, and after reduction washing, finish with 30g/l each of Scotchgard FC232 water repellent, Fcol AS-100 antistatic agent, and Safanol N-700 softener. After processing, the pile was sheared to a final pile length of 1.4 mm. When each of the ground yarns described above was used, the processing shrinkage, pile standing, and surface quality of the pile fabric were evaluated, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] As is clear from the evaluation results in Table 2, number 3,
The pile fabric using the ground yarn of the present invention in No. 5 had excellent pile standing surface quality and tear strength of 1.5 kg or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, which was fully satisfactory. On the other hand, the ground yarns of comparative examples that do not have the characteristics specified in the present invention, especially experiment number 7, have a high shrinkage rate of 14% in the drawn yarn, but the processing shrinkage rate is small and the velvet has a satisfactory pile standing surface quality. I couldn't get it.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a side view of velvet, Figures 2A and B are warp pile yarns disassembled from velvet, Figure 3 is an enlarged side view of the polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a measurement of bulk height. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the apparatus; FIGS. 5A, B, and C are views showing a method for measuring bulk height; and FIG. 6 is a preferred process diagram for producing the polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics of the present invention. 1: Grand warp thread, 2: Grand weft thread,
3: Hairy yarn, 4: Pile, 14: Undrawn yarn, 1
5: supply roller, 16: stretching pin, 7: stretching roller, 18: first take-up roller, 19: vibration imparting device or entanglement imparting device, 20: heating pin,
21: Second take-up roller, 22: Hot plate, 23: Winder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 At least 90 mol% of the repeat units are ethylene terephthalate and 4.25 to 5.75 mol% are ethylene-terephthalate.
5- Sodium sulfoisophthalate, a ground yarn for pile fabrics made of a modified polyester yarn with a relative viscosity of 11 to 16, which is randomly and intermittently crimped along the length of the yarn. A polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics, which has a boiling water shrinkage rate of 5% or more and a bulk height of 15 c.c./g or more after heat treatment under no load. 2 Totally 90 mol% of repeat units are ethylene terephthalate and 4.25 to 5.75 mol% are ethylene-5-
Polyester drawn yarn which is sodium sulfoisophthalate and has a relative viscosity of 11 to 16 is
Overfeed rate below 160~210℃( _T1 )
1. A method for producing polyester ground yarn for pile fabrics, which is characterized by subjecting it to random heat treatment at temperature T ₂ that satisfies T ₁ −T ₂ ≦40° C., thereby making the shrinkage development latent.