JPH03260294A - Calculator of volume of void in shield work and calculation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a bag W for calculating the volume of voids in a shield method and a method for calculating the same, and particularly relates to a bag W for calculating the volume of voids in a shield construction method, and particularly relates to a bag W for calculating the volume of voids in a shield construction method, and particularly relates to a bag W for calculating the volume of voids in a shield construction method. This invention relates to a device for calculating the volume of voids in a construction method and an improvement in the calculation method.

(Conventional technology) Conventionally, in underground J1 excavators such as shield excavators,
To prevent ground surface subsidence, backfilling is being carried out to fill voids created by excavation with fast-acting concrete. This backfill injection work is carried out simultaneously with or immediately after shield propulsion to prevent the ground around the tail from collapsing, completely filling the tail void. In addition, backfilling injection work is performed with injection pressure and injection amount as management items.

(Plot B that the invention attempts to solve) However, according to the conventional shield method of backfilling, the size of voids is not included in the management items.
Backfill injection may not be performed accurately. For example, when controlling the injection source pressure, a smaller amount than the required specified amount may be injected due to a blockage at the tip of the injection nozzle. In addition, when controlling the injection amount, there is a problem that if the injection pressure is higher than necessary, the backfill material will wrap around toward the face and make excavation-1 difficult.

The present invention has focused on the above-mentioned problem, and aims to provide a device and a method for calculating the volume of voids in the shield construction method, which enable more accurate backfill injection work.

(Means for Solving the Problems) In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect of the present invention, a transmitting/receiving antenna is disposed in the main body of a shield excavator, and electromagnetic waves are radiated from the shield main body to the ground. A shield excavator that detects the condition of a ground includes a detection means for detecting a reflected signal larger than a predetermined value, a detection means for detecting a zero cross of the reflected signal, and a detection means for detecting a zero cross after transmitting a transmission signal. a time measuring means for measuring the time until detecting the ground, a calculation means for calculating the distance between the shield body and the ground from the needle side time, an advance measuring means for measuring the forward distance of the shield body, and a time measuring means for measuring the distance between the shield body and the ground. In the second invention, there is provided a main body of a shield excavator, which comprises a calculating means for calculating the void volume of the backfilling injection amount from the distance of wi and the forward distance of the shield main body, and a display means for displaying the volume of the void. A shield excavator that detects the state of the ground by emitting electromagnetic waves from the shield body to the ground with a transmitting/receiving antenna installed in the ground, detects a reflected signal larger than a predetermined value, and detects the reflected wave. The distance between the shield body and the ground is determined by measuring the zero-crossing time from when the transmission signal is sent until it is received, and the volume of the void for the backfill injection amount is determined from that distance and the forward distance of the shield body.

(Function) According to the above configuration, a transmitting/receiving antenna is provided on the shield excavator, the distance between the ground and the shield excavator is determined, and the volume of the void in the tail portion of the shield excavator is calculated using the distance. Since it is determined through calculations and included in management items such as comparing it with the actual amount of backfill injection, backfill injection can be performed accurately.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of an apparatus and method for calculating void volume of a shield construction method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The first factor is an overall configuration diagram of a device for calculating the void volume of the shield method, which shows an example of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 shows the operation of the present invention. It is an example figure of the reflected signal of explanation. FIG. 1 shows a shield excavator 2 excavating a ground 1. A cutter head 3 that is driven by a motor (not shown) and rotates is disposed at the front of the shield excavator 2. It is moving forward while digging. Normally, the segment 5 is assembled in the rear tail part of the shield excavator 2, and the back of the segment 5 and the ground l
The tail void (U) is filled with backfill material by backfill injection. The tail void is the gap obtained by subtracting the segment outer diameter from the skin plate outer diameter, that is, the difference between the inner diameter (Ds) of the skin play (2a) of the shield excavator 2 and the outer diameter (D, ) of the segment 5, which is necessary for construction. This value is the sum of the tail clearance (E), the thickness (T) of the skin plate 2a, and the gap created between the outer periphery of the segment and the ground after shield propulsion. The shield tunnel is constructed by repeating the assembly operation (L) of these segments. An antenna device IO is disposed on the skin plate 2a of the shield excavation fi2. Further, the main body 2b of the shield excavator 2 includes a control device 120 and a display device 30.
and are arranged. The antenna device 10 includes a transmitting antenna 11 that transmits electromagnetic waves towards the ground 1, a receiving antenna 12 that receives the electric wave reflected by the ground 1, and a trigger circuit for emitting the electric wave from the transmitting antenna 11. 1
3. It is composed of a balsa 14, a sampler 15 for sending the received electromagnetic waves to the control device 20, and a signal processing circuit 16. 11 control device 20 is a ROM (not shown).

It is composed of a storage device 21 such as a RAM, a calculation device 22 such as a CPU, an interface and an input device (not shown), and calculates the distance between the earth l and the shield body 2b or the amount of backfill injection. The backfill injection amount calculated by the I control device 20 is sent to a display device 30 that displays the result. In addition, a position detector 40 is attached to the shield jack 4, which detects the movement amount of the skin play (skin play) 2a, and detects the amount of movement of the skin play (skin play) 2a.
I am sending it to Further, in the shield excavation #R2, although not shown, a known device for measuring the amount of backfilling injection, such as a hopper type measurement device or a measurement device using a flow rate needle, is installed to measure the amount of backfilling injection Q.

In the above configuration, the operation will be explained next. A pulse signal generated at a constant timing by the trigger circuit 13 is controlled by the balsa 14 to have a predetermined pulse oscillation frequency component and power, and is sent to the transmitting antenna 11. The electromagnetic waves radiated from the transmitting antenna 11 are reflected by the medium boundary surface of the ground 1, etc., and are transmitted to the receiving antenna 12 as reflected waves.
will be received. The reflected wave received by the receiving antenna 12 contains a signal component that is directly transmitted from the transmitting antenna 11 to the receiving antenna 12 and interferes with target object detection, as shown in FIG. That is, FIG. 4 shows an example of a signal received by the receiving antenna 12, and the horizontal axis shows time and the vertical axis shows the magnitude of the reception level.
) Figure a shows the direct wave of radiated electromagnetic waves that is directly received. Therefore, as shown in Figure (b), if the reflected waves from the object include the direct wave a, it becomes difficult to detect the reflected waves from the object. In order to eliminate the direct wave a of the interference signal, the sampler 15 masks the received signal for a predetermined time t from the trigger signal as shown in FIG. is improved to obtain a predetermined reflected signal. In the signal processing circuit 16, the signal is converted into a signal corresponding to the functional characteristics of the transmission cable and transmitted to the aim device 20. In the control device 20, the distance between the skin plate 2a and the ground 1 is calculated from the arrival time of the reflected wave by means described later.

Next, in order to explain the operation of the present invention, a description will be given using the flowchart of FIG. 2 and the time chart of FIG. 3.

The trigger signal output from the trigger circuit 14 is sent to the balsa 13
is sent to the AM device 20 via the signal processing circuit 16 to start the operation of the balsa 13, and is sent to the control device 20 via the signal processing circuit 16.
(step 1), and in step 2, the timer circuit is activated by a trigger signal output from the trigger circuit 14. The signal received by the arithmetic unit W22 is a reflected signal that appears after the trigger signal is masked for a certain period of time and a zero signal continues. In step 3, the continuously input received signal is constantly checked by the zero cross detection function to detect a rising signal passing through the zero level. If there is a rising signal, the timer value at the time of passing the zero level is stored in the storage device 21 in step 4. Further, in step 5, the reception level S is recorded in the storage device 121.
In step 6, a predetermined reference value Sk and S preset in the storage device 21 are compared. If S, -3k is 0, the process returns to step 3 and processes the next reception level. s, -sk
>o, skin play with Jiyama l in step 7)2
The distance (M) from the outer diameter of a is calculated and recorded in the storage device [21].

Next, use this measured distance to calculate the cross-sectional area of the void (step 8)6 For example, as shown in Figure 4, the measurement point A
, B, C, and expand the void as shown in Figure 5 to simplify the surface I.
IN+, Nt-N2, and Na are determined by the following equations.

N+ = (sr-Wa) ・Ma/2- (π-
θa) ・ r−M a / 2N z = (M
a + M b ) ・W a / 2 = (M
a 4M b) ・r' θ a /
2Ns = (Mb + Mc) HWc/ 2=
(MbtMc) ・r ・θc / 2N a
= (ttr −W c )・M c /
2= (π-θ C) · r - Mc/2 In the above formula, Wa and 2θa'r Wb-2θc'r r-(Ds+27)/2 where r is the radius of the skin play) 2a. From the above formula, the cross-sectional area Nv of the void is Nv circle ΣN! True ((M a + M c ) π + Mb (θa + θc)) r/2 Here, if θa-8(! p -r, then Nv = (M
atMc+2p-Mb)rg/2 to find the cross-sectional area Nv of the void in the space between the ground mass 1 and the skin plate 2a.

Next, the cross-sectional area NL of the tail void between the outer diameter (2r) of the skin plate 2a and the outer diameter (Dl) of the segment is N t = tt (r ”D r ” / 4
).

Next, in order to determine the amount of backfilling when one segment (length L) is excavated, the volumes of the void Vv and the tail void Vt are determined.

When the number of data sampling per ring is 256, the void body IIIVv is Vv = 5'@Nv (x)d x-(L/256
) *ΣNvI However, Nvl −(Mat +MC++2p−Mb〼)πr/2.

The volume of the tail void is Vt-L・*(r”-Dr”/4) Therefore, 1
The total void volume V of the segment (length) is: ■Full Vv+Vt = (L/2 5 6) * (r tc/
2) *ΣNv1 (Mat +Mc+ +2p
−Mbt)+L・π(r”
It is calculated by D r / 4).

Using this total void volume ■ and the actual backfill injection amount Q, calculate the ratio of total void volume ■/actual backfill injection amount Q (step 9), and be careful if the ratio exceeds a predetermined value. Take measures such as issuing a signal. The obtained total void volume (2) and the actual back-filled injection amount Q are displayed on the display device f30 (step 10).

In the above embodiment, the injection was performed after advancing one segment, but the injection may be performed by cutting into smaller pieces, and the cross section may be divided into four parts, but the injection may be made into more parts.

(Effects of the Invention) As explained above, according to the present invention, a transmitting/receiving antenna is provided, the distance between the ground and the shield excavator is determined, and the volume of the void is determined using the distance. Since it is included in the management items, backfill injection is performed accurately. In addition, if there is an abnormality in the amount of backfill injection, it can be visually seen and appropriate measures can be taken, which is an excellent effect.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an apparatus for calculating the void volume of a shield method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a flow chart diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an example diagram of a reflected signal for explaining the operation of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the dimensions of the shield body and the ground in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the development of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating dimensions for determining the volume of a void.・Ground, ・Shield excavator, ・Shield jack, ・Segment, ・Antenna device, 11... Transmitting antenna, 12... Receiving antenna, 13... Trigger circuit, 14... Balsa, 15...Sampler, 16...Signal processing circuit, 20...@Control device 20. 21...Storage device, 22...Arithmetic device, 30...Display device, 40...Position detector

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In a shield excavator that detects the condition of the ground by radiating electromagnetic waves from the shield body to the ground by installing a transmitting and receiving antenna on the main body of the shield machine, a reflected signal larger than a predetermined value is detected. a detection means for detecting the zero cross of the reflected signal; a time measurement means for measuring the time from transmitting the transmission signal until detecting the zero cross; and a detection means for detecting the zero cross of the reflected signal; a calculating means for calculating the amount of backfill injection, an advancing measuring means for measuring the forward distance of the shield body, a calculating means for calculating the volume of the void of the backfill injection amount from the distance between the shield body and the ground and the forward distance of the shield body; A device for calculating the volume of a void in a shield method, comprising: a display means for displaying the volume of the void. (2) In a shield excavator that detects the state of the ground by radiating electromagnetic waves from the shield body to the ground by installing a transmitting and receiving antenna on the main body of the shield machine, a reflected signal larger than a predetermined value is detected. In addition to detecting the reflected wave, the distance between the shield body and the ground is determined by measuring the zero-crossing time from when the transmitted signal of the reflected wave is transmitted until it is received.
A method for calculating the volume of a void in a shield construction method, characterized by determining the volume of a void in a backfill injection amount from that distance and the forward distance of the shield body.