JPH03261336A - Supervisory control method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To deal quickly with malfunction of a computer by a method wherein the computer execute supervisory control based on a data base and communicating information relevant to the modified content between the computers if the content of the data base is modified through the execution. CONSTITUTION:A computer 11a operates from time (a) to time (b) and takes in information relevant to a supervisory control object. If the state of the supervisory control object is different from the information, information relevant to the state change of the supervisory control object is broad casted from the computer 11a to other computers during an interval from time (b) to time (c). When computers 11b-11e receive information from the computer 11a, a processor 12a modifies the content in a data base memory 13a based on the transmitted information. At that time, processors 12a-12e modify the content in data base memories 13a-13e based on the received information and execute supervisory control of objects based on the modified information.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a supervisory control method and an apparatus thereof, and in particular, the present invention relates to a supervisory control method and an apparatus thereof, and in particular, the state of a supervisory control target is monitored by a plurality of computers, and information regarding the state of the supervisory control target is collected. The present invention relates to a supervisory control method and apparatus suitable for carrying out exchanges between computers.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, devices for monitoring the status of power systems have been described in the literature (
IEEJ Electric Power Study Group Materials, PE-89-83, 1989
As described in Jul. 2007), one is known that is configured with a plurality of computers and a database representing the state of the power system that is subject to monitoring and control. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-212762 and Japanese Patent Laid-open No. 1-166230 are related to this type of device.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the conventional technology described above does not take into consideration dividing and transmitting the contents of the database, and instead transmits the entire contents of the database, so when the capacity of the database increases, The problem with the interconnection means is that high-speed arithmetic processing cannot be performed due to a lack of communication capacity.

In particular, as systems to be monitored and controlled become more complex and large-scale, the content of monitoring and control will also become more sophisticated, and the amount of data to be handled will become enormous. In such a case, in the conventional method, the insufficient communication capacity of the computer interconnection means may become a bottleneck in high-speed processing operations.

In addition, in the above-mentioned conventional technology, sufficient consideration has not been given to means for configuring a flexible distributed system according to computer interconnection means such as LAN and bus, and countermeasures in the event of computer failure. It wasn't.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a supervisory control method and apparatus that enable high-speed processing even in a system where the communication capacity of computer interconnection means is small.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a supervisory control method or device that can quickly deal with computer failures.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a first method in which a plurality of computers are connected via a computer interconnection means, and each computer shares the status of a monitoring and controlling object to monitor and control. A database containing information on the status of monitoring and control targets is placed on each computer, and each computer periodically executes monitoring and control processing using the database. If the contents of the database change during this execution, the This method employs a supervisory control method in which information regarding changes is exchanged at the same time.

The second method is to divide the system to be monitored and controlled into multiple subsystems, install a computer for monitoring and control in each subsystem, and connect each computer via a computer interconnection means to control the monitoring and control. When monitoring and controlling the state of a target by each computer, a database containing information regarding the state of the entire system as the target of monitoring and control is placed in each computer.

This method employs a monitoring control method in which each computer periodically executes processing using a database, and when the contents of the database change due to this execution, information regarding the changed contents is exchanged between the computers.

As a third method including the first or second method, a monitoring control method is adopted in which each computer edits the contents of the database based on the changed contents when the information regarding the changed contents is exchanged. It is.

As a fourth method including the third method, a monitoring control method is adopted in which each computer determines the operation timing for editing the contents of the database based on the processing status of other computers.

As a first device, in a supervisory control system in which a plurality of computers are connected via a computer interconnection means, and each computer shares and monitors and controls the state of a supervisory control target, the state of the supervisory control target is A database containing information is placed on each computer, and each computer uses the database to periodically execute monitoring and control processing, and when the contents of the database change during this execution, information about the changes is shared with other computers. This configuration constitutes a supervisory control device that executes the exchange of information.

As a second device including the first device, each computer includes a communication control unit that exchanges information regarding the contents of the database with other computers, an application processing unit that executes an application for a monitoring control target, and an application processing unit that executes an application for a monitoring control target. The monitoring control device includes an editing section that edits a database according to the processing results of the communication control section and information received from the communication control section.

As a third device including the second device, the application processing section of each computer constitutes a monitoring control device configured to be able to transfer data to other computers depending on the operating state of each computer.

As a fourth device including the second or third device, the communication control section and editing section of each of the five computers constitute a monitoring control device that is periodically operated.

[Effect]

According to the method and apparatus of the present invention constructed in this way, the above object is achieved by the action of the shaft.

That is, a plurality of computers operate based on a database representing the state of a system to be monitored and controlled, and resulting changes in the database are exchanged between the computers via a computer interconnection means. The magnitude of this change is
It can be made sufficiently small compared to the capacity of the database representing the state of the system to be monitored and controlled, and therefore high-speed processing is possible even in a computer system with a small capacity of the computer interconnection means.

In addition, the computers installed in each system of the system to be monitored and controlled perform processing based on a common database that represents information for the entire system, and information on changes in the database that occur as a result of that processing is communicated between each computer. This enables advanced monitoring and control using a large amount of information.

Further, the computer interconnection means includes various types of hardware, and the part that controls computer interconnection in the processing executed by the computer strongly depends on the configuration of the hardware. However, as a process directly related to the part that controls this computer interconnection, a part that edits a database representing the status of the monitoring and control target is provided, and the application processing related to monitoring and control is limited to the part that edits this database. By making it related, there is no need to modify or change the application processing related to this monitoring control for various computer interconnection means, resulting in a highly flexible system.

In addition, the part that edits the database can be the same on all computers, so the part that performs application processing related to monitoring and control can be moved freely between multiple computers. Even if a failure occurs in a certain computer, the processing that was being executed by the computer in which the failure occurred can be transferred to the remaining healthy computers.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

In FIG. 1, a plurality of computers 11a, 1.1b, l
IE, LID, and LIE are distributed and arranged, and each computer is connected via a LAN 14 as a computer interconnection means. Each computer 11a to lle has a processor 12
It is configured with database memories 13a to 13e as well as database memories 13a to 13e, and exchange of information between each computer is carried out by LA.
This is done via N14. Then, each computer monitors the state 1 of the power system, such as the opening/closing state of protective relays and circuit breakers, and transmits the monitoring results to the processor 12a.
~12e are database memories 13a~13e, respectively.
At the same time, the processors 12a to 12e periodically start accessing the database memories 13a to 13e to process the monitoring results.

Database memory 13a installed in each computer
As shown in Figure 2, the 13e database stores information such as the open/close status of protective relays and circuit breakers in the power system, bus voltage, and power flow of transmission lines. . The capacity of this database 31 is 200 kilobytes to 2 megabytes. When the state of the power system subject to monitoring and control changes, a flag indicating that the state of the subject to monitoring and control has changed is stored in a predetermined area of the database 41 shown in FIG. There is. For example, when the B bus line LS changes, the change information is stored as II 1 ++.

The processors lla to lie can determine whether a state change has occurred by searching for this change information flag.

In the above configuration, the processors 12a to 12e of the computers 11a to 11e operate periodically to monitor the status of the monitoring control target and change the contents of the database memories 13a to 13e based on the monitoring results.

When changing the contents of the database memories 13a to 13e, since information common to each computer is stored in each database memory 13a to 13e, only the contents whose information has changed are changed. .

For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the computer 11a operates from time a to time t to take in information on the monitoring and control object, and if there is a change in the state of the monitoring and control object from this information, it is determined that the computer 11a operates from time a to time t. At time C, the computer 11a broadcasts information regarding changes in the status of the monitoring and control target to other computers via the LAN 14. Calculator 11
When the processors b to 11e receive the information from the computer 11a, the processor 1'2a changes the contents of the database memory 13a based on the transmitted information. At this time, the processors 12a~
12e is a database memory 13b to 1 based on the received information.
The contents of 3e are changed and the monitoring control for the monitoring control target is executed based on the changed information.

Next, when the processing of computer lie is completed at time d, if a processing result indicating that there has been a change in the state of the monitoring and control target is generated, L from computer lie between time d and e
Information about the changed content is broadcast to the AN 14.

When other computers receive this information, the contents of the database memory of each computer are modified as described above.

When change information is broadcast from the computer lie, if the processor 12d of the computer 11d accesses the database memory 13d and continues predetermined processing, the contents of the database memory 13d are modified after the processing of the computer 11cl is completed. Execute. and the calculator li
When the processing of d is completed at time f, information regarding the change in the status of the monitoring control target is broadcast via the LAN 14 between time f and time g. This makes it possible to modify the contents of the database memory of each computer from time f to time g. At this time, the computer li
d is the database memory 13 based on the information received between time d and time e and the information of the processing result completed at time f.
Execute the content modification of d.

When each processor modifies the contents of the database memory, the database capacity is between 200 kilobytes and 2
Whereas it's about a megabyte.

Even if each computer takes over the processing of monitoring tasks such as system monitoring and accident recovery and operates periodically, for example, for one second at a time, the maximum capacity of the changed data memory is about 5 kilobytes. Therefore, if the method of the present invention in which changes are transferred between computers is adopted, the speed can be increased by 40 to 400 times compared to a method in which the entire database is transferred. Therefore, by executing such processing, information can be exchanged between computers in a short time even in a system where the communication capacity of the LAN 14 is small.

High-speed processing responsiveness can be achieved. Next, another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, a plurality of calculation units 51a and 51b are connected via a common bus 53, and are also connected to a shared memory 52 via the common bus 53. Each computer 51a, 51b has a cache memory 54a.

54b is provided. In such a configuration, each computer 51a, 51b is provided with a common database 41 representing the state of the power system as shown in FIG. 3, and a shared memory 52 and a cache memory 54a.
, 54b are arranged, and change information of each database is transferred between the shared memory 52 and the cache memories 54a and 54b.

That is, when modifying the contents of the database in the cache memory 54a, a copy-through method is applied in which the contents of the shared memory 52 are also changed, and when modifying both the cache memory 54a and the cache memory 54b, the contents of the shared memory 52 are changed. A copy hack method is applied in which the contents of the cache memory 54b are also rewritten at the same time. By using these methods, it is possible to match the changes in the cache memories 54a, 54b with the changes in the shared memory 52.

Also, in a system consisting of multiple computers.

- When a computer goes down or is stopped for maintenance, backup processing is required to have a standby computer perform business processing on its behalf. In order to realize such back amplification processing, as shown in FIG. By layering the management sections 63a and 63b, backup can be easily performed. That is, the application processing unit 6
1a and 61b execute applications for monitoring and control targets, and network management units 63a and 63b exchange information regarding the contents of the database with other computers. .

Further, the database editing sections 62a and 62b edit the database according to the processing results of the application processing sections 61a and 61b and the information received from the network management sections 63a and 63b.

The database to be edited is common to each computer, and even if the processing of the application processing units 61a and 61b differs from computer to computer, the database editing unit 62a,
62b can perform common processing. Therefore, the application processing section 61a can operate even on the computer 11b, and the application processing section 61b can also operate on the computer 11a. Therefore, if - computers stop, execution can be performed by switching to the standby system. A specific configuration for such a case is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 7, computers 11a-lie are the regular system, and computer 11f is the backup system.

The software of each computer is the application processing section 61
It is hierarchically divided into a to 61e, database editing sections 62a to 62f, and network management sections 63a to 63f.

The standby computer, Lf, always operates the data base editing section 62f and the network management section 63f cyclically, so that the contents of the data base always match those of the regular system. .

Here, if the operation of the computer 11b stops, the computer 1
While 1f is cyclically performing database editing and network management processing, the application processing unit 61b of computer 11b is loaded onto computer 11f via LAN 14 using free time other than these processing, and the necessary Perform initial processing. After this preparation is completed, the computer 11a is switched to the regular system in accordance with the start timing of the cyclic cycle. By following such a procedure, it becomes possible to switch the computer 11f from the standby system to the regular system in a short time.

Next, an embodiment in which a large scale system such as an electric power system is monitored and controlled in real time using a plurality of computers will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 8, computers 82a, 82b, 82c, 82
d is connected via a LAN 81 as a computer interconnection means, and database devices i 83 a to 83 d containing information common to each computer are arranged. The database devices 83a to 83d are configured to store information representing the overall status of the power systems 84a to 84d that are subject to monitoring and control. And each computer is connected to each power system #E 84
monitor the status of power systems 84a to 84d;
If the status of
1 to another computer. As a result, even when monitoring and controlling a large-scale system in real time, each computer 82a to 82d only needs to send and receive information on processing results based on state changes in the power grids 84a to 84d, and L
Efficient monitoring and control is possible even if the capacity of the AN 81 is small.

In the above embodiments, the present invention was applied to a power system monitoring and control system, but it can also be applied to a monitoring and control system using general distributed processing computers in steel, chemical plants, railways, transportation, cities, etc. It is possible to apply the invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the present invention, a database that stores information common to each computer is arranged in a plurality of computers, and when the state of a subject to be monitored and controlled changes, the change caused by the change in state is Since only the contents are received and passed between each computer, efficient processing is possible even in a system where the communication capacity between computers is small.

Furthermore, since each computer has a common database editing section, the application processing section specific to each computer can be easily moved between computers.

This allows you to respond flexibly when a computer malfunctions or when maintenance is required.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of a database, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of another database, and FIG. 4 shows the operation of the device shown in FIG. A time chart for explanation, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the configuration of software used in the computer. FIG. 7 is a block diagram when the present invention is applied to a system having regular and standby computers, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram when the present invention is applied to a power system. 11a-11f, 82a-82d...calculator, 12a
~12e...Processor, 13a~13e...Database memory, 14...
LAN, 31.41...Database, 52...Shared memory, 54a, 54b...Cache memory, 61a-6
1e...Application processing unit, 62a to 62f...
- Database editing department, 63a-63f...Network management department, 84a-84d...Power system. 1a 1b

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Connecting a plurality of computers via a computer interconnection means,
When monitoring and controlling the state of a supervisory control target by sharing it among each computer, a database containing information regarding the state of the supervisory control target is placed in each computer, and each computer uses the database to periodically perform supervisory control processing. A monitoring control method in which information about the changed contents is sent and received between computers when the contents of the database change as a result of this execution. 2. Divide the system to be monitored and controlled into multiple subsystems, install a computer for monitoring and control in each subsystem, connect each computer via computer interconnection means, and check the status of the monitored and controlled object. When monitoring and controlling each computer,
A database containing information regarding the status of the entire system as a subject of monitoring and control is placed in each computer, and each computer periodically executes processing using the database, and if the contents of the database change during this execution, each computer A monitoring control method for exchanging information regarding changes between computers. 3. The monitoring control method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each computer edits the contents of the database based on the changed contents when transmitting and receiving information regarding the changed contents. 4. The monitoring control method according to claim 3, wherein each computer determines the operation timing for editing the contents of the database based on the processing status of the other computers. 5. Connect multiple computers via computer interconnection means,
In a supervisory control system in which each computer shares the status of a supervisory control target and performs supervisory control, a database containing information regarding the status of the supervisory control target is placed in each computer, and each computer uses the database to perform supervisory control. A monitoring and control device characterized in that it periodically executes a process, and when the content of a database changes as a result of this execution, it sends and receives information regarding the changed content to and from another computer. 6. Each computer has a communication control unit that exchanges information regarding the contents of the database with other computers, an application processing unit that executes an application for the monitoring control target, and a communication control unit that receives the processing results of the application processing unit and the communication control unit. 6. The monitoring and control device according to claim 5, further comprising an editing section that edits the database according to the information. 7. The monitoring and control device according to claim 6, wherein the application processing section of each computer is configured to be able to transfer data to other computers depending on the operating state of each computer. 8. The supervisory control device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the communication control section and the editing section of each computer are operated periodically.