JPH0327771B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a novel configuration for an electromagnetic clutch, and its object is to obtain an electromagnetic clutch that can be digitally controlled and has an exceptional effect compared to known electromagnetic clutches. be.

The purpose of a well-known electromagnetic clutch is to connect and disconnect a rotating system by controlling energization. Since it is activated by the presence or absence of an electrical signal, it is easier to control than other clutch devices. Therefore, it has found a wide range of uses. However, there are some drawbacks as described below.

First, there is a drawback that the current supplied is extremely large compared to the transmitted torque, and therefore a large capacity power source is required. Second, it has the disadvantage of generating a loud impact noise during operation. Thirdly, since torque is transmitted by frictional coupling of the clutch plates, there is a drawback that wear is involved and, therefore, the service life is limited. Fourth, since the torque transmission control is only on/off and involves slip, it is digitally controlled, that is, transmission of rotation at a predetermined angle in response to one pulse input is performed without integration error. This has the disadvantage that it is impossible to perform it accurately without

The device of the present invention has succeeded in completely eliminating the above-mentioned drawbacks, and can perform large torque transmission control using an extremely small pulse-like electrical input.
It operates quietly without producing mechanical noise, has no friction parts, provides a long service life, and has the characteristics of being able to control the transmission of the rotation angle or travel distance corresponding to the number of input electrical pulses. It also has the feature of being able to take out multiple outputs from a single drive shaft.

Because of the above characteristics, the clutch can be used in place of the well-known electromagnetic clutch and can produce remarkable novel and excellent effects.

In particular, as will be described later, a wiper device of an automobile, a reciprocating device of a document table of a copying machine or a lighting device,
It has the effect of providing effective technology that can be applied to the drive source for the operation of sewing machine needles, the drive source for printers, the control device for opening and closing valves for adjusting the flow rate of liquid, and various automatic machines (vending machines, robots, etc.) .

Next, details of the apparatus of the present invention having the above-mentioned features will be described with reference to embodiments.

In FIG. 1, the rotary lever 3 is rotatably supported on a support shaft 2a mounted on the main body, and the gear 2 is also rotatably supported on the support shaft.

A gear 4b is rotatably supported on a support shaft 4a mounted on the lever 3. Symbol 4 is gear 4b
This gear is made of plastic and rotates in synchronization with gear 4b. A gear 5b is fixed to a rotating shaft 5c of an electric motor 5 fixed to the main body, and rotates in the direction of the arrow (clockwise).

The yokes (magnetic paths) 7a and 7b made of mild steel are arranged in the air gap 7.
It is embedded in the plastic material 10 through the hole c and is fixed to the main body. The yokes 7a and 7b serve as a magnetic path for a magnet 8 (magnetized to N and S poles as shown), and also serve as a magnetic path for an excitation coil 9 at the same time.

The bent portion 3a of the lever 3 (made of mild steel) is connected to the yoke 7.
Since it touches the open end of the magnetic path on the right side of a and 7b and closes the magnetic path, the magnetic force of the magnet 8 causes
It is adsorbed and locked. At this time, when an electric pulse is input to the excitation coil 9, the magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil 9 is in the opposite direction to that generated by the magnet 8, so that the bent portion 3a of the lever 3
The electromagnetic attraction force temporarily disappears. Therefore, under the action of the spring 6, the lever 3 rotates counterclockwise, and the gear 4 meshes with the gear 5b. In order to ensure the meshing at this time, it is preferable to provide a long hole 4c in the gear 4 and employ a well-known means for maintaining elasticity in the teeth of the gear 4 at the initial stage of the meshing.

Due to the meshing of the gears 4 and 5b, the gears 4b,
4 rotates counterclockwise, and gear 2 rotates clockwise. A load 1 is connected to the gear 2 . This load is, for example, a car wiper. A well-known means is used for connecting the wiper and the gear 2. That is, a gear is provided which meshes with the gear 2, and the wiper can be reciprocated by a crank pin mounted on the gear and a crank lever connected thereto.

As gear 4b rotates, lever 3 receives counterclockwise torque, and gear 4 is pressed against gear 5b. The larger the load 1 is, the larger the above torque becomes, so the gear 4 is more strongly pressed against the gear 5b, which has the effect of ensuring power transmission. Therefore, since the spring 6 can be a relatively weak spring, the magnetic force of the magnet 8 can also be small, and the electric power applied to the excitation coil 9 to eliminate the attraction force of the bent portion 3a can also be small. be.
Therefore, the electromagnetic locking device described above is characterized by being small and lightweight. If the straight line A connecting the support shafts 4a and 5a is tilted to the position of the straight line B, the gears 4 and 5 mentioned above
The pressure contact force b becomes even greater, making it possible to transmit a large torque. Further, in order to optimize the depth of meshing between the gears 4 and 5b, it is conceivable to provide a restraining pin 3b that contacts the lever 3, but this method cannot be adopted for the following reason. That is, since the gear 4 is eccentric, as the gear 4 rotates, the lever 3 rotates counterclockwise and the abutment pin 3b
This is because the rotation of the gears 4 and 5b is inhibited and the gears 4 and 5b are separated. Therefore, in the present invention, as will be described in detail later with reference to FIG. 9, a disc coaxial with the gear 4 and having a slightly smaller diameter is molded into one body, and a disc with a slightly smaller diameter coaxially with the gear 5b is provided. The purpose is achieved by molding the gears into one piece and configuring the gears so that when the circumferences of both discs come into contact, the meshing of both gears is optimal.

When the gear 4 rotates approximately once, the lever 3 also makes one reciprocation, and the bent portion 3a again comes close to the open end of the magnetic path of the yokes 7a, 7b, so that it is again attracted and locked by the magnetic force of the magnet 8. When the gear 4 further rotates by a slight angle, the gear 4 separates from the gear 5b and power transmission is stopped. When the wiper is a load, it is necessary to set the reduction ratio of each gear so that one rotation of the gear 4 causes the wiper to make one reciprocation.

In the case of other loads, each time an electric pulse is input to the excitation coil 9, the load will rotate by a set angle or translate by a set distance.

In the case of a wiper, as in the embodiment described later,
It is preferable to mesh the worm gear fixed to the rotating shaft 5c of the electric motor 5 with the gear 4 in terms of the reduction ratio and the reliability of the mesh.

As explained above, since the load can be rotated and translated in accordance with the number of input electric pulses, it has superior performance compared to conventional well-known electromagnetic clutches, and is especially capable of numerical control using a computer, i.e., digital clutches. This has the effect of providing a controllable electromagnetic clutch.

In addition, it is small and lightweight, can control large torque, and requires only a small amount of control power.

Furthermore, the operation does not involve the generation of mechanical noise, there are no parts that wear out, and there is an effect that durability can be obtained.

The feature of the configuration that was able to eliminate the mechanical noise described above is that it uses an adsorption type electromagnetic locking device that locks the gear 4 at the position of the maximum deflection point. occurrence is unavoidable.

As will be described later in FIG. 4, the electromagnetic locking device removes the magnet 8 and when the excitation coil 9 is energized,
A means of locking the lever 3 as an electromagnet can also be adopted, but this has the drawback of increasing power consumption. If the rotational speed of the gear 5b serving as the drive source is high, it becomes difficult to mesh with the gear 4 that is close to it. In such a case, the gear 5b may be a rotating plastic ring, for example, and the gear 4 may be configured with a rubber ring fitted around the periphery of a plastic disc, thereby ensuring smooth and complete power transmission. It is. Note that other prime movers may be used in place of the electric motor 5.

The electric circuit shown in FIG. 5 is based on the excitation coil 9 when an automobile wiper is used as the load 1 in FIG.
This is the energization control circuit.

In FIG. 5, symbol 48 is a clock pulse oscillation circuit, and this output pulse is input to a frequency dividing circuit 49, and the frequency is divided. At the same time, the electric pulse shaped to a predetermined width is sent to terminals 49b, 49c, 49d. …
It is output from For example, the output from the terminal 49b is 2 cycles per second, the output from the terminal 49c is 1 cycle per second, and the output from the terminal 49d is 0.5 cycles per second. The outputs of other terminals are also sequentially set to slower frequencies.

By manually rotating the slider 51,
The outputs of the respective terminals 49b, 49c, . . . are selectively input to the excitation coil 9. Manually close the electric switch 50a and close the slider 5.
1 is in contact with the terminal 49a, the positive voltage terminal 50
Therefore, the excitation coil 9 remains energized. Therefore, the locking of the lever 3 shown in FIG. 1 by the electromagnetic locking device becomes ineffective, so that the load 1, that is, the wiper, continuously moves back and forth, and the wiper performance is at its maximum.

Next, when the slider 51 is in contact with the terminal 49c,
Since an input pulse is obtained to the excitation coil 9 every second, the wiper becomes an intermittent wiper that makes one reciprocation every second. An intermittent wiper with a corresponding period also applies to other terminals.

With the above configuration, it is possible to create an intermittent wiper with fine steps, and also to make the period accurate. Therefore, the following effects are achieved. That is, it is customary for wipers to move back and forth quickly or slowly depending on the amount of rainfall, but wipers that move slowly obstruct the driver's field of vision, thereby impeding safe driving. Ideally, one reciprocating motion of the wiper should be so fast that it is barely noticeable. Also, it is preferable to increase the cycle of the intermittent wiper depending on the amount of rain.

According to the means of the present invention, such an object is achieved.

In a well-known wiper device, during intermittent operation,
Electromagnetic braking is applied to position the wiper at the lower edge of the front window, but this device is expensive and can cause malfunctions, and the electromagnetic braking force decreases at low speeds, so the above-mentioned positioning action is not accurate. There are drawbacks that go away. According to the means of the present invention, such drawbacks can be completely eliminated.

Next, I will explain it. Electric switch 5 in Figure 5
When 0a is closed, the electric motor 5 is energized and at the same time an output is obtained from the frequency dividing circuit 49, resulting in an intermittent wiper with a set cycle. When the clock pulse oscillator circuit 48 is removed and the output of the crystal oscillator of the automobile watch is used as a clock pulse, the electric switch 50a must be inserted at a position to control the input to the frequency divider circuit 49.

Electric switch 50b is connected in parallel with electric switch 50a. Also electric switch 50b
is an electric switch which is opened by abutting against the wiper itself or the crank lever mentioned above with reference to FIG. 1, so that it is opened only when the wiper is at the lower edge of the windshield.

To stop the wiper operation, press the electric switch 50.
When opening a, the electric motor 5 is rotating because the electric switch 50b is closed. However, when the gear 4 in Fig. 1 rotates once and the wiper reciprocates once and reaches the lower edge of the front window, the electric switch 50b opens.
The power transmission is cut off, the wiper stops instantaneously, and the electrical power supply to the motor 5 is cut off by opening the electric switch 50b, so that the wiper can prepare for the next operation. Therefore, as described above, the complicated braking and wiper positioning devices can be eliminated, moreover, the positioning can be more accurate than the above-mentioned means, and this type of wiper can be provided without failure, in a small size, light weight, and at a low cost.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, another embodiment of the device of the present invention will be described.

In FIG. 2, electric motor 5 with the same symbol as in FIG.
As a result, the gear 12 that meshes with the gear 5b is driven. The gear 12 is supported by a support shaft 12a installed in the main body, and is integrated with a gear 12b.
b is a driving source, and the eccentric gears 13 and 13a that contact and mesh with the gears 13 and 13a receive torque transmitted in the same direction, and when they are separated, the power transmission is cut off.

Symbols 19 and 19a are U-shaped yokes made of mild steel, which are fixed to the main body and have excitation coils 21 and 21a attached thereto. Magnets 20, 20a magnetized as shown in the figure are fixed to the ends of the levers 11, 11a.
a is strongly electromagnetically attracted with its magnetic path closed by the yokes 19 and 19a. When electric pulses of a predetermined width are simultaneously input to the excitation coils 21 and 21a, the magnetic flux produced by the excitation coils 21 and 21a is in the opposite direction to that produced by the magnets 20 and 20a, so the attractive force disappears and the lever 11 , 11a as shown by the dotted line C, the levers 11, 11a rotate clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively. Therefore, the gears 13, 13a are pressed against the gear 12b at the same time. The levers 11, 11a are rotatably supported by support shafts 16, 16a installed in the main body,
The gears 15, 15a are also rotatably supported on support shafts 16, 16a. Gears 14, 14a are supported by support shafts 17, 17a set on levers 11, 11a, and gears 13, 14 and gears 13a, 14
Each a is made into one body. Also gear 14
and 15 and the gears 14a and 15a are in mesh with each other. The gear 18 has a support shaft 18a installed in the main body.
The gears 15 and 15a mesh with each other.
Braking members 25, 25a (made of soft plastic material) are attached to the ends of the levers 24, 24a whose bases are fixed to the main body, and are lightly pressed against the peripheries of the gears 14, 14a.

When the gear 12b is rotating clockwise as in the case of FIG. 1, as explained in FIG.
The gear 15a is driven clockwise, and the drive at this time is based on the biting angle, and the greater the load connected to the gear 15a, the stronger the pressure contact force between the gears 13a and 12b becomes, ensuring the power transmission. There is.

The load 1 in this embodiment is reciprocated left and right, and the lever 23 and the load 1 are connected to a connecting member (not shown).
are connected by. Further, the lever 23 is supported by a guide member 23b so as to be able to slide left and right, and the elongated hole 23a at the right end of the lever 23 is connected to the gear 15.
It is loosely fitted with the planting pin 22 planted in a. Further, the ratio of the diameters of the gears 14, 14a and the diameters of the gears 15, 15a is 1:2, respectively. At this time, gear 1
5 is also rotated clockwise by the gear 18, so that the gear 13 is lightly pressed against the gear 12b and the meshing state is maintained. However, it does not contribute to torque transmission.

Because of the above operation, the excitation coil 21a,
Each time one electrical pulse is input to 21, the load 1 is caused to reciprocate with a stroke of a predetermined distance. Also, if the electric motor 5 is reversed at this time, the torque transmission will be as follows: gear 12b→13→14→15→18→
15a has been changed, and a large torque can be transmitted with a biting angle. At this time, load 1
goes backwards. However, gears 14, 15 and gear 14
This is the case when the ratio of the diameters of a and 15a is 1:3 or more.

When the gears 13, 13a rotate once, they are at the maximum deflection point, so the braking members 25,
25a has the effect of being in pressure contact with each of the gears 14, 14a to prevent them from idling.

As in the previous embodiment, the gears 13, 13a are idlers with rubber rings fixed to their peripheries, and the gears 12b are
The present invention can be practiced even if the wheel is simply a rotating wheel.

Also, when an electric pulse of large power is input to the excitation coils 21, 21a to cause the magnets 20, 20a to repel outward, the gears 13, 13a
Either of them can mesh with the gear 12b at the biting angle. Therefore, the spring shown by the dotted line C is unnecessary.

When the electromagnetic locking device shown in FIG. 2 is applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the spring 6 can be omitted as well.

As can be understood from the above description of FIG. 2, the electromagnetic clutch is characterized in that it can digitally control the load in response to either forward or reverse rotation of the motor 5. Other effects are exactly the same as in the previous embodiment.

If a sewing needle of a sewing machine is used as load 1, the following effects will be obtained. In this case, gears 13, 13a
The reduction ratio of each gear is set so that the sewing machine needle stops at the upper or lower end of its stroke when the needle rotates once. Therefore, a predetermined number of pulses for hand movement is transmitted to the excitation coil 21 by the computer.
When input to 21a, the corresponding number of needle movements is performed, and by inputting one electric pulse to the excitation coils 21 and 21a, the sewing machine needle can be freely moved to the upper and lower ends of the stroke. As described above, the present invention has the effect of providing a technique for manufacturing an accurate computer sewing machine using simpler means than conventional means. The control means described below with reference to FIG. 6 can also be applied to the movement of the sewing machine needle. Second
By increasing the reduction ratio of each gear in the figure, as a load,
When the rotation of the valve that controls the liquid flow is controlled by the gear 15a, it is possible to obtain an inexpensive device that accurately and digitally controls the valve according to the number of input pulses to the excitation coils 21 and 21a.
As the electric motor 5, an inexpensive dielectric motor with few failures can be used, so it has the feature of providing superior technical means compared to conventional valve control means using servo valves or power pulse motors. be.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment which performs the same function as FIG. 2. Components with the same symbols as those in FIG. 2 are the same members and their functions and effects are the same, so their explanations will be omitted.

The electric motor 5 that drives the gear 12b serving as a drive source is omitted. A pot-shaped magnetic core 35 made of mild steel;
The yokes 34 are columnar and cylindrical, respectively. The excitation coil 35a is attached to the magnetic core 35. While the excitation coil 35a is energized,
The levers 11, 11a are electromagnetically attracted, and when there is no signal, the levers 11, 11a are moved by the spring C.
The gears 13, 13a are rotated by the gear 12b.
is pressed against. Therefore, this embodiment has the added effect of being able to lock the two levers 11, 11a with one electromagnetic locking device. Other effects are the same as in the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the load can be digitally controlled in accordance with the number of input no-signal pulses. The lever 37 can slide left and right by a guide member 39 provided on the main body, and is resiliently repelled to the left by a spring 38. Contact pin 4 planted on the left end of lever 37
0 is loosely fitted into a circular groove 36 provided in the gear 15. Therefore, each time the gears 13, 13a rotate once,
The abutment pin 40 enters into the recessed portion of the circular groove 36 to prevent free rotation of the gear 15, that is, the drift of the load 1.

Another embodiment of the electromagnetic locking device of FIG. 4 is shown in FIG.

In FIG. 3, cylinders 30a and 30b made of mild steel
shows a cross section, and cylindrical mild steel magnetic cores 31a, 31b are provided on the central axes of the cylinders 30a, 30b, and excitation coils 28a, 31b are provided in the magnetic cores 31a, 31b.
28b is attached. Further, a cylinder 30a, a magnetic core 31a, and a cylinder 30b, a magnetic core 31b are fixed to both sides of the disc-shaped magnet 29. The ferrite magnet 29 has a north pole at the center and an south pole at the outside.
Since they are magnetized as poles, the right end of the magnetic core 31a and the left end of the magnetic core 31b become magnetic path open ends, and the bent portions 25a, 25b of the adjacent mild steel levers 11, 11a
is magnetically attracted and locked. The dotted line 32 indicates the outer shape of the cylinders 30a, 30b, including the magnetic cores 31a, 31b, which are embedded in the plastic material and are fixed to the main body through the mounting holes 32a, 32b.

When the excitation coils 28a, 28b are energized, the magnetic flux generated by the respective coils cancels the magnetic flux of the magnet 29, so that the aforementioned locking of the levers 11, 11a is released. Since only a small amount of electric power is required for the electric pulses applied to the excitation coils 28a and 28b, the electric power required to lock the levers 11 and 11a is effectively reduced. Lever 11,1
Since 1a has the same symbol as in FIG. 4, it can be used in place of the electromagnetic locking devices 34, 35, 35a in FIG. The same can be applied to the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, which will be described later.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 will be described. In FIG. 7, levers 11, 11a, gears 13, 13
a, 14, 14a, 15, 15a, spring C
etc. have the same functions and effects as the members with the same symbols in FIGS. 2 and 4, so their explanation will be omitted. The difference from the previous embodiment is that a worm gear 5a fixed to the rotating shaft of the electric motor 5 is provided instead of the gear 12b serving as the drive source. Symbol D,
E shows the electromagnetic locking device of the previous embodiment.
When an electric pulse is input to the electromagnetic locking device D, or the excitation coil is de-energized by the input, the lever 11 is rotated by the elastic force of the spring C, and the gear 13 meshes with the worm gear 5a.
Since the rotation direction of the electric motor 5 is set so that the gear 13 is rotated clockwise by the worm gear 5a, the gear 15 is rotated counterclockwise to move the long rod 52 having the rack teeth to the left. Moving. One rotation of the gear 13 automatically causes the gear 13 to move away from the worm gear 5a and stop, so the input of one electric pulse moves the long rod 52 to the left by a set distance. That is, the movement of the long rod 52 is digitally controlled depending on the number of input electric pulses. By increasing the reduction ratio of each gear, it is possible to control small distances as units.

When an electric pulse is input to the electromagnetic locking device E, the gear 13a meshes with the worm gear 5a and rotates counterclockwise, and the gear 15a rotates clockwise, so the long rod 52 moves to the right. In this case as well, the long rod 52 is digitally controlled to move to the right in accordance with the number of input electric pulses. The larger the load, the more gears 13, 13a and worm gear 5a
This has the effect of increasing the pressure contact force and ensuring reliable power transmission.

As explained above, the left and right movement of the long rod 52 can be controlled by inputting an electric pulse to either the electromagnetic locking device D or E, and therefore there is no need to rotate the electric motor 5 in the forward or reverse direction. This has the effect of controlling the lateral movement of the long rod 52, which rapidly becomes a load.

Each drum is provided with a drum that rotates in synchronization with the gears 15 and 15a, and is configured to wind a steel belt, and the free ends of these two sets of steel belts are fixed on both sides of the load so that the load can slide from side to side. When provided via a guide member, the load can be moved left and right in accordance with the number of input electric pulses. This is effective when applied to moving the lighting device of a copying machine.
By changing the number of input electric pulses to the electromagnetic locking device, the stroke of movement of the illumination device can be changed, so the stroke can be automatically changed according to the size of the copy paper, allowing faster copying for small paper. It is effective to be able to

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the same devices are provided symmetrically, but when outputting rotation in only one direction, only one of the devices is used and the first
It can be used in exactly the same way as the embodiment shown.

Since the worm gear 5a is used as the drive source, the gears 13 and 13a can mesh with the worm gear 5a even when the rotational speed of the electric motor 5 is high. Assuming that the drive source is a spur gear and the number of teeth is 6, in the case of the worm gear 5a, 6
Even at double the speed, the gears 13 and 13a have the effect of being able to mesh without being thrown off. Next, FIG. 8 will be explained.

In FIG. 8, parts with the same symbols as those in the embodiment of FIG. 7 are the same members, and their functions and effects are the same, so a description thereof will be omitted. The difference is that gears 15 and 15a are in mesh with each other. By inputting an electric pulse to either the electromagnetic locking device D or E in the same manner as in the previous embodiment, torque is transmitted via the gear 13 or the gear 13a.
At this time, since the gears 15 and 15a are rotated in the forward and reverse directions, the connected load 1 can be rotated in the forward and reverse directions. Since the electric motor 5 rotates in only one direction, there is no need for a reversing device, and there is no inrush current when reversing.
It is characterized by the ability to prevent burnout accidents and to quickly switch between forward and reverse rotations. It is particularly effective when used in induction machines with small starting torque.

Next, FIG. 9 will be explained.

As mentioned above, the gears 13 and 13a move with the rotation of the levers 11 and 11a, and the gears 12
b or the worm gear 5a, and this pressure contact force is characterized by increasing as the load increases. Therefore, there is a risk of damaging the gear. A means for preventing this will be explained below.

In Fig. 9a and b, the support shaft 5 installed in the main body
3b, a gear 53 is rotatably supported. In addition, a lever 5 is attached to a support shaft 55a installed in the main body.
5 is rotatably supported and is resiliently repelled in the direction of arrow F by a spring (not shown). Lever 5
A gear 54 is rotatably supported on a support shaft 54b mounted on the shaft 5. A gear 53 serves as a driving source.

With the above configuration, the gears 53 and 54 rotate while being pressed against each other. The meshing depth of the teeth of the gears 53 and 54 has an appropriate value, and when this value is set, the transmission efficiency is good and the occurrence of mechanical noise is also minimized. Furthermore, if the force in the direction of arrow F becomes large, the teeth may be damaged during meshing.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the following measures may be taken. That is, when the gears 53, 54 are molded, discs 53a, 54a, which have a slightly smaller diameter than the gears 53, 54, are made into one body, and the circumferences of the discs 53a, 54a are brought into contact and rotated, thereby forming the gears 53, 54.
This has the effect of being able to maintain the depth of engagement of 54 at an optimum value.

In the previous embodiment, it is necessary to maintain the above-mentioned relationship when gear 4 and gear 5b in FIG. 1 mesh, and gear 12b meshes with gears 13 and 13a in FIG. 2, respectively. .

When one of the meshing gears is a worm gear, the configuration is as shown in FIG. 9c. Worm gear 5a (the electric motor is on the left, its rotation axis is marked 5)
It is shown in c. ), a disc 56 is rotatably supported on a support shaft 56a that is installed in the main body. The worm gear 5a is shown with the same symbol in FIGS. 7 and 8, and is pressed against the gear 13 or 13a to transmit torque. The gears 13 and 13a are coaxially molded into one piece and are provided with disks having a slightly smaller diameter. For example, it corresponds to the disk 54a in FIGS. 9a and 9b. Since the gears 13 and 13a are pressed against the worm gear 5a from the side (direction perpendicular to the plane of the paper), at this time, the above-mentioned discs of the gears 13 and 13a come into contact with the disc 56, and both rotate into the rotating wheel. The worm gear 5a and the gear 13 rotate as
This has the effect of maintaining the meshing depth of the teeth 13a at an optimum value.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the load 1 is transferred to the output gear 5 by forward and reverse rotation of the worm gear 5a serving as the drive source.
7 for forward and reverse rotation.

Lever 11, 11a and gear 13, 1 in Fig. 10
3a, 14, 14a, 15, 15a, spring C, electromagnetic locking devices 34, 35, etc. have exactly the same functions and effects as the members with the same symbols in FIG. 4, so their explanation will be omitted. As the electromagnetic locking device, other means already mentioned, such as the lever 11,
It is also possible to use one electromagnetic locking device (for example electromagnetic locking devices 7a, 7b, 7c, 8 in FIG. 1) in each case 11a. Either one in which the lock is released by energizing the excitation coil or one in which the lock is released by cutting off the energization can be adopted. Worm gears 5a and 5d are coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft 5c of the electric motor 5,
It is rotating in the direction of arrow G.

When the excitation coil 35a is temporarily de-energized via an input electric pulse, the lock is released and the gears 13, 13a are pressed against the worm gears 5a, 5d from the left and right, respectively, and the gear 13 moves in the direction of the arrow. (counterclockwise), and the gear 13a rotates in the direction of the arrow (counterclockwise). At this time, worm gear 5
The pressing force between a, 5d and the gear 13 becomes a large pressing force corresponding to the magnitude of the load 1 connected to the gear 57, which has the effect of ensuring torque transmission. gear 5
7 is an output gear that is supported by a support shaft 57a installed in the main body and rotates in a counterclockwise direction. At this time, gears 15a, 14a, 13a
is driven by the gear 57 and the worm gear 5
The gear 13a is only lightly pressed against d and does not participate in torque transmission.

When the worm gears 5a, 5d are reversed in the opposite direction of the arrow G direction, the above-mentioned relationship becomes opposite,
Torque transmission is performed by a worm gear 5d, a gear 13a,
The departure gear 57 is driven via the gears 14a and 15a.

As can be seen from the above, the load 1 is reversely reversed by forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor 5, and at the same time, the load 1 can be controlled to move in accordance with the number of input electric pulses. .

As can be inferred from the description of each of the embodiments after FIG. gear 1
2b Worm gears 5a, 5d in Figures 8, 9, and 10
etc.) can be moved to arbitrary positions to provide a plurality of them, thereby making it possible to digitally control a plurality of loads using a single electric motor.

The device of the present invention also serves as an effective technical means as a driving source for a printer, which is a terminal device of a computer.
When driving a load intermittently, by providing a flywheel on the rotating shaft 5c of the electric motor 5,
Another advantage is that a motor with smaller output can be used.

The electric circuit shown in FIG. 6 is constructed by the device of the present invention.
This is an example in which numerical load control is performed.

In FIG. 6, the number of pulses for which the load should be numerically controlled is sequentially input from a computer or a memory device through a terminal 42 according to a preset program, and is placed in a reversible counting circuit 43. While there is a residual count value in the counting circuit 43,
The value is input as a negative output voltage to the amplification circuit 45 by the DA conversion circuit 44, and the output thereof turns on the transistor 46a.

The circuit indicated by the symbol 47 is a well-known forward/reverse circuit for the DC motor 5 consisting of four transistors.
It is configured such that when a signal of a higher level than 7a is present, the rotation is forward, and when a signal of a low level is generated, the rotation is reversed. The input signal to the terminal 47a is also input to the terminal 4 described above.
This signal is input from the same computer as the second input signal. For example, when a normal rotation signal is input and an n pulse is input from the terminal 42, the transistor 46a becomes conductive and the motor 5 starts. In this case, there is no problem even if the electric motor 5 is constantly supplied with power during work.

If the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is used for load control, the excitation coils 21, 21a remain energized and the levers 11, 11a are not locked. Therefore, the levers 11, 11a reciprocate continuously, and the gears 13, 13a remain in pressure contact with the gear 12b. At this time, each reciprocation of the lever 11 activates the actuator 4 of the electric switch 41.
2 is closed by contacting the lever 11. This electric switch 41 is shown in FIG. 6 with the same signal, and each time it is closed, the counting circuit 43 is subtracted. When the residual count value reaches zero, the output of the amplifying circuit 45 changes to a high level, turning the transistor 46a into non-conducting state, and turning off the excitation coils 21, 2.
1a is de-energized. Therefore, the lever 11,1
When 1a returns, it is locked by an electromagnetic locking device,
With the power transmission cut off, the load 1 can rotate or move in response to the input signal of n pulses. Although the electric motor 5 is also de-energized, its inertia allows the levers 11 and 11a to return to their original positions. However, when the electric motor 5 is constantly energized, there is no need to utilize inertia. When the input signal at the terminal 47a is at a low level, the load 1 can be caused to move backward. Note that the symbol 50 is a power supply positive voltage terminal.

As described above, by using the apparatus of the present invention in combination, numerical control can be performed and technical means effective for the production of automatic machines and robots can be provided.

When the means shown in FIGS. 4 and 10 are used together, a transistor 46b is added in FIG. 6, and an excitation coil 35a is inserted into the collector side of the transistor 46b. When the transistor 46a becomes conductive, the transistor 46b becomes non-conductive, and the exciting coil 35a
is not energized, so the electromagnetic locking devices of FIGS. 4 and 10 are inoperative and accomplish the same purpose. At this time, as in the case of FIG. 2, it is necessary to provide an electric switch 41 at some location that can be closed only once for each reciprocating movement of the levers 11, 11a. The electric switch 41 can also be a non-contact switch.

In the case of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in which the forward and reverse movement of the load is not performed by forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor 5, the electric circuit shown in FIG. 6 is modified to become as shown in FIG. 11. Control of forward and reverse rotation of the electric motor 5 becomes unnecessary. The output of the amplifying circuit 45 shown in FIG. 6 is taken out from the terminal H and inputted from the terminal H shown in FIG.

In FIG. 11, a command for moving the load in the forward and reverse directions is inputted to the Schmitt trigger circuit 58 from the terminal 58a in the form of two electrical signals of high level and low level. Due to the input to the terminal 58a, the base input of the transistor 59a becomes either high level or low level, and becomes either conductive or non-conductive. Therefore, transistor 59b also becomes either non-conductive or conductive. Therefore, the seventh and eighth
The excitation coils included in the electromagnetic locking devices D and E shown in the figure are also alternately energized and controlled by the input from the terminal 58a. Therefore, depending on the input to the terminal 58a, either forward or reverse movement of the load is selected. When the residual count value of the counting circuit 43 (FIG. 6) becomes zero, the input to the terminal H becomes high level, so the transistor 59 becomes non-conductive, and both the electromagnetic locking devices D and E operate, and the lever 1 is turned off.
Since 1 and 11a are locked, the load is stopped.

As described above, there is a feature that the load can be controlled in the forward and reverse directions without rotating the electric motor 5 in the forward and reverse directions.

The electromagnetic locking devices D and E described above use a magnet, but in the case of only an excitation coil without a magnet, the same purpose can be achieved by reversing the energization control.

As described in each of the above embodiments, the apparatus of the present invention achieves the object of the present invention stated at the beginning and has significant effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of different embodiments of the device of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an electromagnetic locking device, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention. , FIG. 5 is a control circuit diagram of a wiper device according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is an electric circuit diagram of a numerical control device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams of other embodiments of the device according to the present invention. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a gear of a part of the device of the present invention, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of another embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a gear other than the electric circuit of FIG. 6. Examples are shown below. 1...Load, 2, 4, 4b, 5, 12, 12
b, 5b, 13, 13a, 14, 14a, 15,
15a, 18, 53, 54...gear, 3, 11,
11a, 24, 24a, 23, 37, 55...Lever, 2a, 4a, 16, 16a, 17, 17
a, 12a, 18a, 53b, 54b, 56a,
57a... Support shaft, 5... Electric motor, 5c... Rotating shaft, 38, 6, C... Spring, 8, 29, 2
0, 20a...Magnet, 30a, 30b, 3
1a, 31b, 7a, 7b, 19, 19a, 3
4, 35...Yoke, 28a, 28b, 9, 21
a, 21, 35a... Excitation coil, 41... Electric switch, 25, 25a... Braking member, 23a...
...Elongated hole, 23b, 39...Guide member, 36...Circular groove, 50a, 50b...Electric switch, 48...
Clock pulse oscillation circuit, 49... Frequency division circuit, 5
1...Slider, 43...Reversible counting circuit, 44...
D-A conversion circuit, 45... Amplification circuit, 46a, 4
6b, 59, 59a, 59b...transistor,
47... Forward/reverse circuit, 5a, 5d... Worm gear, 52... Long rod, D, E... Electromagnetic locking device, 5
3a, 54a, 56... Disk, 58... Schmitt trigger circuit.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A rotary drive source driven by a prime mover, an output gear rotatably supported via a rotating shaft supported by a supporting shaft or bearing provided on the main body, and the above-mentioned supporting shaft or bearing. a rotating lever rotatably supported on a rotating shaft; a rotating wheel rotatably and eccentrically supported by the rotating lever and configured to transmit rotational torque to the output gear; A resilient device for repelling the rotary lever, a load driven by the output gear, and the rotary drive source so that the rotating wheel contacts the rotary drive source and receives power transmission. , the rotational direction of the rotational drive source is set such that when the load is driven by the rotational wheel and the output gear, the pressure contact force between the rotational drive source and the rotational wheel increases due to the reaction of the drive of the load; At the position of the maximum deflection point of the rotating wheel, the open end of the magnetic path is closed via the free end of the rotating lever, so that the rotating lever is electromagnetically attracted and locked. energization of an electromagnetic locking device fixed to the electromagnetic locking device and an excitation coil included in the electromagnetic locking device to selectively control locking and release of the rotating lever by electromagnetic attraction and non-adsorption. An electromagnetic clutch device that can be digitally controlled and is characterized by comprising a control circuit. 2. An electromagnetic clutch device that can be digitally controlled and is characterized in that it is provided with a worm gear that is driven by a prime mover and serves as a rotational drive source. 3. In the first claim, a mild steel yoke with an open end of the magnetic path, an excitation coil attached to a part of the yoke, and N and S inserted in series in a part of the yoke. A digitally controlled electromagnetic clutch device comprising a magnetized magnet and an electromagnetic locking device including an energization control circuit that cancels the magnetic flux caused by the magnet by energizing the excitation coil. 4. In the claim set forth in item 1, a gear meshing with an output gear and rotatably supported on a rotary lever, and a gear provided so as to rotate coaxially and synchronously with the gear, and having a peripheral edge portion. A digitally controlled electromagnetic clutch device characterized by comprising an eccentric rotating ring made of a rubber-like ring. 5. In the claim set forth in item 1, the invention is characterized in that a gear rotatably supported on a rotary lever and an eccentric gear that rotates synchronously with the gear are provided as rotating wheels so as to mesh with the output gear. An electromagnetic clutch device that can be digitally controlled. 6. In the scope of the claim set forth in item 1, an electric switch that is opened and closed once each time a rotary lever makes one reciprocation, a reversible coefficient circuit, and an electric circuit that performs a predetermined number of settings in the circuit. , an electric circuit that controls the energization of the electromagnetic locking device to release the lock of the rotary lever only when there is a set number in the counting circuit, and an electric signal via the opening and closing of the electric switch described above. A digitally controlled electromagnetic clutch device characterized by comprising an electric circuit that subtracts a count value of the circuit. 7. In the scope of the first claim, an oscillation circuit that outputs clock pulses, a frequency dividing circuit for the output of the circuit, and a switching switch for extracting clock pulses of different frequencies from each step of the frequency dividing circuit. and an electric circuit that inputs an electric signal corresponding to the clock pulse of the frequency selected by the changeover switch to the electromagnetic locking device, and temporarily disables the electromagnetic locking of the rotating lever every time there is an input. An electromagnetic clutch device capable of digital control, characterized by comprising: 8 A rotary drive source driven by a prime mover, and first and second shafts supported by first and second support shafts or bearings provided on the main body, and rotatably supported via the rotary shaft, respectively. an output gear, first and second rotating levers supported on the first and second support shafts or rotating shafts, respectively;
first and second rotating wheels that are rotatably and eccentrically supported by each of the rotating levers and configured to transmit rotational torque to the first and second output gears, respectively; a resilient member for resiliently repelling the first and second rotary levers so that the first and second rotary wheels come into contact with the rotary drive source and receive power transmission; When the load is driven by the output gear of The above-mentioned first and second rotating wheels have forward and reverse rotation directions set such that when driven in the opposite direction, the pressure contact force between the rotary drive source and the second rotating wheel increases due to the reaction of the drive of the load. At the position of the maximum deflection point of the rotating wheel and the first and second rotating wheels described above, a magnetic An electromagnetic locking device fixed to the main body so as to electromagnetically attract and lock the first and second rotating levers when the path open end is closed, and an excitation included in the electromagnetic locking device. A digital device characterized by comprising a control circuit that controls energization of a coil to selectively control locking and release of the first and second rotary levers by electromagnetic attraction and non-adsorption. Controllable electromagnetic clutch device. 9. In the claim set forth in item 8, the first and second rotating levers are extended in a direction opposite to the side where the rotating wheel is located with respect to a support shaft provided on the main body. and an electromagnetic locking device fixed to the main body so that the open ends of the magnetic path on both sides are closed by magnetic bodies fixed to the free ends of the first and second levers. Controllable electromagnetic clutch device. 10 In the claim set forth in item 8, there is provided a worm gear serving as a rotational drive source, and eccentric first and second rotating wheels that contact and separate from both sides of the worm gear and serve as first and second rotating wheels receiving power transmission. An electromagnetic clutch device that can be digitally controlled and is characterized by being composed of gears. 11 In the claim set forth in item 8, there is provided a worm gear serving as a rotational drive source, and eccentric first and second rotating wheels that contact and separate from both sides of the worm gear and serve as first and second rotating wheels receiving power transmission. a gear; a first gear driven by the first gear and the second gear, respectively;
A second output gear, a reciprocating device that moves forward by the rotation of the first output gear and backward by the rotation of the second output gear, and the first and second rotation levers are each independently locked. An electromagnetic clutch device capable of digital control, characterized in that it is composed of two electromagnetic locking devices. 12 In the claim set forth in item 8, first and second worm gears coaxially fixed to a drive rotation shaft so as to serve as a rotational drive source;
An eccentric first, which rotates in the same direction by approaching and separating from each side of the worm gear and receiving power transmission.
First and second gears serving as a second rotating wheel, and a first gear driven by the first and second gears, respectively.
It is characterized by comprising a load driven by a third output gear that meshes with the second output gear, and an electromagnetic locking device that simultaneously locks or releases the first and second rotating levers. An electromagnetic clutch device that can be digitally controlled.