JPH03281142A - Spindle head - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To get rid of worry about oil leakage to outside and to prevent enlargement of a head by forming a screw pump using a rotation of a rotary spindle inside a gear box and by sufficiently lubricating each of lubricating parts on the upper part inside the gear box. CONSTITUTION:A thread groove 30 is rotated with rotation of a rotary spindle 9 in one body, and lubricating oil 29 reserved in a gear box 7 is forcibly fed in a pressure oil tank 33 below through a gap between the thread groove 30 and a sleeve 31 and sucked up to an oil suction passage 34 with high pressure. The lubricating oil 29 sucked up is spirally injected to the periphery of the rotary spindle 9 from an injection passage 34a, and when a shaft support 22 is lubricated, the lubricating oil 29 is simultaneously fed in each of bearing support holes 35 through an oil distribution passage 36 and each of bearings 13, 27 is lubricated. Simultaneously, the lubricating oil 29 is supplied to a gear train 12 through each of the bearings 22, 13, 27 and all the lubricated parts inside the gear box 7 are lubricated at the same time.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a spindle head, and more particularly to a gear train that transmits rotational force to a spindle and a lubrication structure for its rotational support.

[Prior Art 1ffi1 Conventionally, as a lubrication structure for this type of spindle head, as shown in Utility Model Application No. 56-67941, for example,
The lubricating oil stored in the gearbox is sucked up from the oil outlet provided on the side of the gearbox using a lubrication pump such as a trochoid pump, and is then transferred to the upper part of the gearbox via an oil supply pipe provided outside the head. Lubricating oil was supplied to the gears and their rotating bearings.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, with such a conventional structure, it is necessary to mount a lubrication pump on the outer wall of the spindle head, and mounting the pump outside the head necessarily requires space. Moreover, the weight of the pump itself is added to the spindle head, and for example, in the case of a rotary index type machine tool that supports multiple spindle heads, the weight of the spindle head may interfere with rotary indexing, or the space may be limited. This has many problems, such as a reduction in the number of stored heads, and an unfavorable appearance since the pump and piping are exposed outside the head.

Therefore, instead of attaching a lubrication pump to the outside of the head, the present invention forms a screw pump inside the gearbox that utilizes the rotation of the rotating shaft, so that each lubricating part in the upper part of the gearbox can be sufficiently lubricated. The aim is to solve the above problems.

[Means for solving the problems] The present invention rotatably supports a spindle, and
In a spindle head that houses a gear train that transmits rotational force from a spindle rotation drive unit to each spindle inside a gear box, lubricating oil is stored in the gear box and the lubricant oil is stored in the gear box and the gear train that transmits rotational force from the spindle rotation drive unit to each spindle is stored. A threaded groove is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end, a sleeve that fits into the threaded portion of the rotating shaft is fixed in the gear box, and a pressure oil chamber is formed below the rotating shaft in which the sleeve and the threaded groove are formed; An oil suction path is formed inside the rotating shaft having the threaded groove, the lower end of which opens into the pressure chamber, and the upper end of which opens into the upper part of the gear box. An oil distribution path is formed to supply the lubricating oil sucked up from the oil suction path to the gear located above and its rotation support, and the pump action between the thread groove and the sleeve due to the rotation of the rotating shaft is formed. The lubricating oil stored in the gear box is sucked up from the oil suction passage and is supplied to each lubricating part in the upper part of the gear box through the oil distribution passage.

[Operation] The gear train is driven by the spindle rotation drive unit, and rotation is transmitted to each spindle.At the same time, the thread groove also rotates in the sleeve, and the lubricating oil filled there is pumped into the pressure oil chamber. is brought out. The lubricating oil compressed in the pressure oil chamber is sucked up into the oil suction path inside the rotating shaft, and distributed from the upper end opening of this suction path to the oil distribution path to each gear and its rotation support located at the upper part of the gear box. It will be supplied all at once to the department. The remaining oil after lubrication falls and is stored in the gearbox again and circulated.

[Example] Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a spindle head of the present invention;
2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the screw pump portion in FIG. 1.

In FIG. 1, a spindle head 1 is attached by a holder 2 to, for example, a turret head 3 of a turret-type interchangeable head machine tool. This turret 8 is equipped with a plurality of spindle heads 1 in the rotational indexing direction, rotates about the shaft 4 with respect to the turret head body 5, and indexes the spindle heads 1 necessary for processing downward as shown in Fig. 1. It looks like this. A spindle motor 6 as a spindle rotation drive section is provided on the turret head main body 5 side.

The spindle head l includes the holder 2, the gear box 7, a plurality of spindles 8, a plurality of rotating shafts 9, 10, 11 for transmitting rotational force to each spindle 8, a gear train 12 that connects these with gears, etc. configured.

Each spindle 8 is rotatably supported in the gear box 7 via bearings 13 and 14 at the upper and lower positions, respectively, and the tips of these spindles 8 protrude outward from the gear box 7, and a drill, tap, etc. tools 15 are respectively attached.

In addition, the spindle penetration hole 1 formed in the gear box 7
6 and the outer periphery of the spindle 8, for example, a seal member 17 is provided.
．． The lubricating oil 29 inside the gear box 7 is sealed to prevent it from leaking outside, and the lid member 19 and the air curtain 20 in the gap prevent cutting fluid and chips from outside. etc. from entering the inside of the gear box 7.

The rotating shaft 9 is rotatably supported via bearings 21 and 22 at vertical positions between the holder 2 and the gear box 7, and furthermore, the part above the bearing 21 is housed inside the turret head 3, and the uppermost end thereof is attached to the turret head 3. On the other hand, it is rotatably supported via a bearing 23. A rotational transmission gear 24 is integrally attached to the rotating shaft 9 between the bearings 22 and 23. This transmission gear 24 is removably connected to a drive gear 25 rotatably driven by the motor 6 on the turret head main body 5 side via a clutch type intermediate gear 26.

The other rotating shafts 10 and 11 are rotatably supported at upper and lower positions in the gear box 7 through bearings 27 and 28, respectively, and the rotational force of the rotating shaft 9 is transmitted to each of the spindles 8 at the same time by a gear train 12. It is an intermediate axis for

In this way, a suitable amount of lubricating oil 29 is stored in the gear box 7 that accommodates the plurality of shafts 8.9.10.11 and the gear train 12. The height of the oil level is set so that the gear train 12 does not become a load on the rotation of the gear train 12.
It is located lower down. Therefore, it is necessary to supply the stored lubricating oil 29 to the upper gear train 12 and the bearings 13, 22, and 27 serving as its rotational support for lubrication. For this reason, a screw pump P is formed below the rotating shaft 9.

As shown in FIG. 3, a thread groove 30 is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of the rotating shaft 9, that is, the part immersed in the lubricating oil 29.
A cylindrical sleeve 31 is fitted around the outer periphery of this threaded portion. This sleeve 31 is fitted and fixed in a bottomed recess 32 of a circular hole formed at the bottom of the gear box 7. The lower end surface of this sleeve 81 and the lower end surface of the rotary shaft 9 are located on the surface between the paths, and these lower end surfaces and the bottomed recess 82
A pressure oil chamber 33 into which lubricating oil is sent is formed between the two.

Furthermore, an oil suction path 34 is formed inside the rotating shaft 9 along the axial direction. The oil suction passage 34 has its lower end opened into the pressure oil chamber 83, and its upper end formed into a plurality of radial ejection passages 3 above the bearing 22, as shown in FIG.
4. It opens around the rotating shaft 9 via a.

Also, on the upper wall surface of the gear box 7, each shaft 8.9.10.
11, a plurality of bearing support holes 35 into which respective bearings 13.22.27 are fitted are formed, and above each bearing 13.22.27 of these bearing support holes 35, the rotation shaft 9 An oil distribution path 36 is formed having several branch points so as to communicate with the bearing support holes 35 around the bearing support holes 35 and to connect the respective bearing support holes 35.

Note that the transmission gear 24 portion at the upper portion of the rotating shaft 9 is lubricated by a lubrication system (not shown) on the turret head 3 side.

In such a configuration, when the spindle head 1 is indexed downward by the rotation of the turret head 3 and positioned, the intermediate gear 26 on the side of the turret head main body 5 moves to the first position.
It meshes with the transmission gear 24 as shown by the solid line in the figure. When the motor 6 is driven at the start of machining, the rotating shaft 9 is rotated via the gears 25, 26, 24. At the same time, each spindle 8 is rotated simultaneously by the gear train 12.

Since the thread groove 80 of the rotating shaft 9 is rotated together with the rotation of the rotating shaft 9, the lubricating oil stored in the gear box 7 together with the lubricating oil 29 filled between the thread groove 80 and the sleeve 31. 29 is this thread groove 30 and sleeve 31
The oil is forcibly fed into the pressure oil chamber 33 below through the gap.

Thereby, the lubricating oil 29 in the pressure chamber 33 is sucked up to the oil suction path 34 at high pressure. The lubricating oil sucked up into the oil suction path 34 is spirally injected from the jetting path 34a around the rotation shaft 9 as the rotation shaft 9 rotates. As a result, the bearing 22 is lubricated and the oil passes through the oil distribution path 36 to each bearing support hole 8.
Lubricating oil is fed into the bearings 13 and 5 to lubricate each bearing 13.27. At the same time, lubricating oil is supplied to the gear train 12 via each bearing 22, 13, 27, lubricating all lubricated parts inside the gear box 7 at once. In this way, while the spindle 8 is rotating, the screw pump P is operated using its rotational force to suck up the lubricating oil 29 inside the gear box 7, and evenly distributes the lubricating oil 29 to the upper lubricating part. can be supplied.

[Modifications] Note that the spindle head of the present invention is not limited to the type that is attached to the rotary turret head 3 as shown in the above embodiment, but also the type that is attached directly to the column or saddle, that is, the spindle head that has a motor for driving the spindle rotation. It can also be easily applied to the mounted type.

Further, although the screw pump P is formed on the rotating shaft 9 in the above embodiment, it is not limited to this, and it is also possible to form it on other rotating shafts 10 and 11, and furthermore, it can be formed on two or more shafts. It is also easy to do so, there is no need to specially install a trochoid pump, etc., and there is no change in the weight of the entire head.

Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to vertically machined spindle heads, but can also be easily applied to horizontally machined spindle heads.

[Effects of the Invention] 1 According to the present invention, instead of attaching a lubrication pump to the outside of the head, a screw pump that utilizes the rotation of the rotating shaft is formed inside the gearbox, thereby providing lubrication for each part of the upper part of the gearbox. I made sure to lubricate the parts, so
While the spindle is rotating, the screw pump operates using the rotational force, sucking up the lubricating oil stored in the gearbox from the oil suction passage, and pumping it through the oil distribution passage to the upper part of the gearbox. can be reliably supplied to each lubricated part.

In this way, the lubricating oil is sucked up inside the gearbox and supplied to the upper lubricating part, so there is no need to worry about oil leaking to the outside of the head, just by forming a thread groove on the rotating shaft inside the gearbox. It can be easily configured as a pump for lubrication, and this does not cause any change in the overall weight of the head.

Furthermore, since the pump and oil supply piping are not exposed outside the head, no space is required for their installation, and the head does not become bulky, resulting in a good appearance.

-2 4,

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a spindle head of the present invention;
2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the screw pump portion in FIG. 1. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Spindle head, 6... Spindle motor as a spindle rotation drive part, 7... Gear box, 8... Spindle, 9.10.11... Rotating shaft,
12... Gear train, 13.14.21.22.2
7.28...Bearing as rotation support part, 30...Thread groove, 31...Sleeve, 33...Pressure oil chamber, 34...
...Oil suction path, 36...Oil distribution path, P...Screw pump.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) A spindle head that rotatably supports a spindle and houses a gear train inside a gear box that transmits rotational force from a spindle rotation drive section to the spindle, in which lubricating oil is stored in the gear box, A threaded groove is formed on the outer periphery of the lower end of at least one rotating shaft constituting the gear train, a sleeve that fits into the threaded portion of the rotating shaft is fixed within the gear box, and the threaded groove is formed with this sleeve. A pressure oil chamber is formed below the rotating shaft, and an oil suction path is formed inside the rotating shaft in which the thread groove is formed, the lower end of which opens into the pressure chamber, and the upper end opens into the upper part of the gear box. Features a spindle head. (2) Oil distribution channels are formed on the upper wall of the gear box to supply the lubricating oil sucked up from the oil suction channel to the gears located above in the gear box and their rotational bearings. The spindle head according to claim 1.