JPH0329585Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the idea]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to a swash plate compressor, and more particularly to a swash plate made of fiber-reinforced metal composite material for a swash plate compressor. BACKGROUND TECHNOLOGY A compressor includes a swash plate in the form of an elliptical plate inclined with respect to a rotational axis, and rotation of the swash plate is caused by a shoe that engages with the outer periphery of both sides of the swash plate. BACKGROUND ART A swash plate compressor is known, which is configured to suck and discharge fluid by converting the reciprocating motion of a piston into reciprocating motion of a piston, and is widely used, for example, as a compressor for air conditioners in automobiles and the like. The swash plate incorporated in such a swash plate compressor rotates at high speed and also slides relative to the shoe at high speed while in contact with the shoe. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the weight of the swash plate. In order to ensure its seizure resistance and wear resistance, it has conventionally been generally made of a high-silicon aluminum alloy. Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, as compressors become more sophisticated and more compact, even swash plates made of high-silicon aluminum alloys are becoming insufficient in seizure resistance and wear resistance. For this reason, attempts have been made to form swash plates using fiber-reinforced metal composite materials, but so far, swash plates made of fiber-reinforced metal composite materials have met all the characteristics required for swash plates at a high level. has not been obtained. The inventors of this application have conducted various experimental studies to obtain a high-performance swash plate made of fiber-reinforced metal composite materials, and have found that by orienting the reinforcing fibers in a specific direction, they can achieve high performance, low cost, and production. It has been found that a swash plate with excellent properties can be obtained. In other words, in conventional swash plates made of fiber-reinforced metal composite materials, the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random pattern parallel to the sliding surface of the swash plate so that the reinforcing fibers are used most effectively in terms of strength. However, according to the results of experimental research conducted by the present inventors, in order to improve the seizure resistance and wear resistance of the sliding surface of the swash plate, reinforcing fibers are added to the sliding surface of the swash plate. It is preferable that the angle between the sliding surface and the sliding surface be as large as possible. In this case, the highest strength can be obtained if the reinforcing fibers are oriented two-dimensionally randomly along the circumferential direction of the swash plate so that the angle between the reinforcing fibers and the sliding surface is as large as possible. In the required boss portion of the swash plate, the reinforcing fibers are oriented in the most unfavorable orientation in terms of strength, making it impossible to obtain a swash plate with sufficient strength to withstand actual use. On the other hand, if the reinforcing fibers are oriented two-dimensionally at random parallel to a virtual plane passing through the axis of rotation of the swash plate and the long axis of the ellipse of the swash plate, the various problems mentioned above can be solved, and high performance and low cost can be achieved. It was found that a swash plate with excellent productivity could be obtained. The present invention is based on the knowledge obtained as a result of various experimental studies conducted by the present inventors, and aims to provide a swash plate made of fiber-reinforced metal composite material that is high-performance, inexpensive, and has excellent productivity. The purpose is Means for Solving the Problems According to the present invention, the above-mentioned object is to provide a swash plate for a swash plate type compressor which is in the shape of an elliptical plate inclined with respect to the axis of rotation, and which is compositely reinforced with reinforcing fibers. A swash plate for a swash plate compressor is formed of metal, and the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner substantially parallel to a virtual plane passing through the axis of rotation and the long axis of the ellipse. achieved. Effects and effects of the invention According to the invention, since the angle that the reinforcing fibers make with the sliding surface of the swash plate becomes large, the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner parallel to the sliding surface. The seizure resistance and wear resistance can be significantly improved compared to the case where the Further, the load that the swash plate receives from the piston is greatest when the piston is at the vertical dead center, that is, when the swash plate engages the shoe at the outer circumference along the long axis of the ellipse. According to the present invention, the reinforcing fibers are oriented two-dimensionally randomly along the plane parallel to the direction of the maximum load acting on the swashplate, so the reinforcing fibers are oriented two-dimensionally randomly along the circumferential direction of the swashplate. The strength of the swash plate, especially the strength of the boss portion thereof, can be greatly improved compared to the case where the swash plate is oriented in the same direction. In addition, in the case of the orientation of reinforcing fibers as described above, the bending strength in the direction along the short axis of the ellipse of the swash plate becomes small, but the bending strength of the swash plate in the direction along the short axis of the ellipse is lower than that of the swash plate. Since the load received is very small, there is no problem with the strength of the swash plate in the short axis direction. In addition, the fiber molded body for producing the swash plate of the present invention by the pressure casting method is obtained by processing a plate-shaped body in which reinforcing fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner into an elliptical or circular plate-shaped body by cutting or the like. A fiber molded body with an orientation suitable for improving the seizure resistance and wear resistance on the sliding surface and a fiber molded body with an orientation suitable for improving the strength of the boss portion. Since there is no need to use them in combination, a swash plate having excellent performance as described above can be manufactured efficiently and at low cost. Although the metal constituting the swash plate of the present invention may be any metal, an aluminum alloy is preferable from the viewpoint of reducing the weight of the swash plate, especially since it has excellent seizure resistance and wear resistance. A high silicon aluminum alloy is preferred. Further, the reinforcing fibers used in the swash plate of the present invention may be any short fibers conventionally used in the production of fiber-reinforced metal composite materials, and the average fiber length is 10 μ to 10 mm.
It is preferable that the average fiber length axis is about 1 to
It is preferably about 20μ, and the volume ratio is 2 to 30
% is preferable. Of course, among the reinforcing fibers that have been conventionally used, alumina-silica short fibers can easily form a two-dimensional randomly oriented fiber molded body, and the two-dimensional randomly oriented fibers can be easily One of the detailed features of this invention is that it has a relatively large strength difference in the vertical direction, has excellent properties to improve performance such as seizure resistance, wear resistance, and strength, and is available in a wide variety and relatively inexpensive. According to
Silica-based staple fibers, ie alumina staple fibers or alumina-silica staple fibers, are used. In addition, "two-dimensional random" in this specification means
The reinforcing fibers are randomly oriented in a certain plane,
It means an orientation state in which they are stacked in a direction perpendicular to the plane. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a swash plate compressor incorporating a swash plate made of fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the swash plate shown in FIG. 1. In these figures, 1 denotes a cylinder block consisting of two parts extending along axis 2, which cylinder block rotates a rotating shaft 5 around axis 2 via radial bearings 3 and 4. It is rotatably supported. The cylinder block 1 has axis 2 at evenly spaced positions around axis 2.
It has a plurality of cylinder bores 6 extending along. A sleeve 7 is press-fitted into each cylinder bore, and these sleeves align the piston 8 with the axis 2.
It is received so that it can reciprocate along an axis 9 parallel to . Intake ports 10 are located on both sides of cylinder block 1.
A pair of valve plates 12 having exhaust ports 11 and end caps 13 and 14 are arranged. Intake port 10 and exhaust port 11
are selectively opened and closed by check valves 15 and 16, respectively. Valve plate 12
cooperates with the piston 8 and sleeve 7 to define a cylinder chamber 17 on each side of the piston, and also cooperates with the end caps 13 and 14 to define intake plenums 18, 19 and exhaust plenums 20 and 21, respectively. It is established. The rotating shaft 5 has a substantially cylindrical boss portion 22.
a, and an axis 5 of the boss that is integrally formed with the boss.
A plate-shaped portion 22 having an oval plate shape inclined with respect to a.
A swash plate 23 consisting of b is fixed at a boss portion. A pair of thrust bearings 24 are interposed between the boss portion 22a and the cylinder block 1, and a pair of shoes 25 and a pair of balls 26 are interposed between the outer peripheral portion of the plate portion 22b and each piton 8. The plate-shaped portion 22b is arranged so that it can rotate relative to the shoe 25 while in contact with the shoe 25. Thus, when the rotating shaft 5 rotates by being given rotational power at its left end, the swash plate 23 rotates together with the rotating shaft around the axis 2, and the rotation is caused to rotate through the shoe 25 and the ball 26 to the axis 9 of the piston 8. This is converted into a reciprocating motion along the intake port 1 from the intake plenum 18 and 19.
Fluid is introduced into the cylinder chamber 17 through the exhaust port 11, and the fluid is forced to the exhaust plenums 20 and 21 through the exhaust port 11, and is then discharged through a discharge port (not shown). ing. In the illustrated embodiment, the swash plate 23 is made of a high-silicon aluminum alloy (17% Si, 4% Cu, 0.5% Mg, the balance being substantially Al), and the plate-shaped portion 23
Bottle 22 protruding from both side surfaces 27 and 28 of 2b
Except for a part of a, alumina-silica staple fibers with a volume percentage of 7% (Isolite-Bakotsukku Fireproof Co., Ltd. "Kao Wool" (registered trademark), average fiber length 2000μ,
It is composite reinforced with an average fiber diameter of 3 μ), and the short fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner parallel to a virtual plane passing through the axis 5a of the bow portion and the long axis of the ellipse of the plate portion 22. The swash plate constructed as described above was manufactured as follows. First, using colloidal silica as a binder, a slurry of alumina-silica short fibers is suction molded to form a rectangular molded body, and by performing machining such as cutting on the molded body, the shape shown in Fig. 3 is formed. As shown, outer diameter 80mm,
It has an inner diameter of 20 mm and a thickness of 15 mm, and has a bulk density of 0.18 g/cc with alumina-silica short fibers 29 oriented two-dimensionally randomly along a virtual plane in the diameter direction.
A fiber molded body 30 (corresponding to a volume ratio of 7%) was formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a pressurizing chamber 31 and a molding chamber 32 communicating with the pressurizing chamber cooperate with each other.
A mold 35 having an upper mold 33 and a lower mold 34 that define %Cu, 0.5%Mg, balance substantially
A molten metal 36 of Al) was introduced, and the molten metal was pressurized at a pressure of 1000 Kg/cm ² by a plunger 37, and the pressurized state was maintained until the molten metal completely solidified. After the molten metal was completely solidified, the solidified body was removed from the mold, and the solidified body was subjected to machining such as cutting to form a swash plate as shown in FIG. For comparison purposes, as shown in FIG. 5, the fiber molded body 3 was prepared with the exception that the alumina-silica short fibers 29 were oriented in a two-dimensional random manner along the circumferential direction.
A swash plate was manufactured using a fiber molded body 38 formed in the same manner as 0 and having the same bulk density and dimensions as the fiber molded body 30 (Comparative Example 1), and alumina-silica short fibers 29 were arranged parallel to the upper and lower surfaces. A swash plate was manufactured using a fiber molded body 39 that was formed in the same manner as the fiber molded body 30 and had the same bulk density and dimensions as the fiber molded body 30, except that it was oriented in a two-dimensional random manner (Comparative Example 2). ). These swash plates were sequentially incorporated into the compressor shown in FIG. 1, and evaluation tests for strength and seizure resistance were conducted. The results of this test are shown in Table 1 below. The strength is evaluated by a liquid compression test in which the liquefied refrigerant is rapidly compressed to generate an excessive load on the swash plate, and the durable strength is evaluated. This was done by rotating at high speed for a predetermined period of time and determining whether or not seizure occurred between the swash plate and the shoe (made of bearing steel (JIS standard SUJ2)).

[Table] From Table 1, it can be seen that the swash plate of the example is superior to any of the swash plates of the comparative examples in terms of strength and seizure resistance. Although it is not shown in Table 1, the strength of the swash plate of the example is approximately 20% higher than that of the swash plate of comparative example 1, and the swash plate of the example is less likely to seize than the swash plate of comparative example 2. It was observed that the rotational speed at which this occurred was improved by approximately 30%. Example 2 Alumina short fibers ("Safil" (registered trademark) manufactured by ICI Corporation, average fiber length 1000μ, average fiber diameter 3μ) were used instead of alumina-silica short fibers, and the volume percentage of alumina short fibers was 15%. A swash plate was manufactured in the same manner and under the same conditions as in Example 1, except for the points set in Example 1, and the strength and seizure resistance of the swash plate were evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1. We conducted an evaluation. As a result, it was found that the swash plate of this example also had excellent strength and seizure resistance. Although the present invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments above, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and various other embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a swash plate type compressor incorporating a swash plate made of fiber-reinforced metal composite material according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the swash plate shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. The figure is a partially cutaway perspective view of the fiber molded body for manufacturing the swash plate shown in Figure 2;
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing the casting process performed using the fiber molded body shown in Figure 3, and Figure 5 shows a fiber molded body in which alumina-silica short fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner along the circumferential direction. A partially cutaway perspective view;
FIG. 6 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a fiber molded article in which alumina-silica short fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner parallel to the upper and lower surfaces. 1... Cylinder block, 2... Axis line, 3, 4
... Radial bearing, 5 ... Rotating shaft, 6 ...
Cylinder bore, 7... Sleeve, 8... Piston, 9... Axis line, 10... Intake port, 11...
Exhaust port, 12...Valve plate, 13,1
4... End cap, 15, 16... Check valve,
17... Cylinder chamber, 18, 19... Intake plenum, 20, 21... Exhaust plenum, 22a... Boss portion, 22b... Plate portion, 23... Swash plate, 24...
...Thrust bearing, 25... Shu, 26...
... Ball, 27, 28 ... Side surface, 29 ... Alumina-silica short fiber, 30 ... Fiber molded body, 31 ...
...Pressure chamber, 32...Molding chamber, 33...Upper mold, 34
... lower mold, 35 ... mold, 36 ... molten metal, 37 ...
...Plunger, 38, 39...Fiber molded body.

Claims (1)

[Claims for Utility Model Registration] (1) A swash plate for a swash plate type compressor having an oval plate shape inclined with respect to the axis of rotation, the swash plate being made of metal compositely reinforced with reinforcing fibers, A swash plate for a swash plate type compressor, wherein the fibers are oriented in a two-dimensional random manner substantially parallel to a virtual plane passing through the axis of rotation and the long axis of the ellipse. (2) Utility Model Registration The swash plate for a swash plate compressor according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers are alumina-silica short fibers.