JPH0334079B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument in which the pitch, length, etc. of each musical tone constituting a piece of music are input by operating a switch or the like.

Conventionally, when inputting a predetermined piece of music into a memory, the pitch of each musical note is first input, and then the pitch length is input by measuring the time from one on operation of a predetermined switch to the next on operation. is being developed.
However, with this input method for electronic musical instruments, rests (i.e.,
It is not possible to input the rest length (rest length), so if there is a rest, the song can only be played automatically using a decaying piano tone, and a sustained tone organ tone. Music could not be played automatically, which was not good musically.

Another conventional example is an electronic musical instrument that is provided with a rest switch and a plurality of note length switches for inputting a plurality of different note lengths. However, this electronic musical instrument has the disadvantage of having a large number of switches, as well as the length of all notes and rests being input using the note length switch, which makes note length inputting time-consuming and cumbersome. There is a drawback that input operations cannot be made intuitively by turning on and off the predetermined switches in accordance with the rhythm, making it difficult to perform input operations.

This invention was made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to:
To provide an electronic musical instrument in which a rest length can be input into a memory by a simple operation.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, on the case of an electronic musical instrument 1 are a keyboard 2, a switch panel 3, and a sound emitting section 4.
are provided in each case, and electronic components such as LSI and speakers constituting the circuit shown in FIG. 2 are provided inside the case. On the switch panel 3, there are provided a group of mode changeover switches 5, one-key play switches 6 (2 pieces), a rest switch 7, an end chord switch 8, and various other switches for inputting rhythm, tone, etc. There is. The mode changeover switch group 5 includes a switch 5b that switches between normal manual performance and automatic performance, a switch 5b that specifies input of pitch and duration into RAM (random access memory), which will be described later, and an automatic switch 5b that specifies input of pitch and length into RAM (random access memory), which will be described later. It includes 5c etc. which are the performance modes. The one-key play switch 6 is a switch for inputting the note length into the RAM and performing one-key play by reading only the pitch from the RAM.
The rest switch 7 is a switch for inputting a rest, and the end code switch 8 is a switch for inputting an end code at the end of a piece of music.

Next, the circuit configuration will be explained with reference to FIG. Outputs from each key on the keyboard 2 and outputs from various switches on the switch panel 3 are both given to a key input control section 11. Then manual performance and RAM12
When writing the pitch and duration, the key input control section 11 sends the musical tone creation section 13 the musical tone information MD that specifies the pitch, tone length, envelope, etc., and the keys on the keyboard 2 or the one-key play switch 6.
Key-on signal when key-on and key-off respectively
KN and key-off signal KF are output respectively. As a result, the musical tone creation section 13 creates the specified musical tone,
The sound is output from the sound emitting section 4 via the speaker 14.

When inputting the pitch and duration of a series of musical tones constituting a given piece of music into the RAM 12, first enter only the pitch by operating the keyboard 2 and the rest switch 7, and then enter the duration by operating the one-key play switch. 6
is input by operating . In this case, mode selector switch group 5 is set to recording mode, and the signal REC
outputs and inputs it to the RAM control unit 15. this
The RAM control unit 15 reads data from the RAM 12,
This is a circuit that controls each writing operation. Therefore, the RAM control unit 15 receives the read/write signal R/W.
is outputted and applied to the RAM 12, and also controls the increment operation of the address counter 16 to output address data from the address counter 16, thereby specifying the address of the RAM 12. In addition,
The RAM control unit 15 includes a register used for a pointer. In other words, to RAM12 first,
When inputting a series of pitches, a key code KC indicating the pitch and rest is output from the key input control section 11 by key operation on the keyboard or operation of the rest switch 7, and the key code KC indicating the pitch and rest is output from the pitch storage section of the register 17. via 17A
Written to RAM12.

On the other hand, when inputting a tone length for each pitch after inputting a series of pitches, the one-key play switch 6 is operated. When the one-key play switch 6 is turned on or off, a key-on signal KN and a key-off signal KF are output from the key input control section 11, respectively, and the RAM
The signal is given to the control section 15. When the one-key play switch 6 is operated, pitch data is output from the RAM 12 and input to the pitch storage section 17A of the register 17 and the rest determination section 18. On the other hand, time counter 1
The data from 9 is stored in register 17 in tone length storage section 17.
B, and this series of pitch and length data is input again.
It is stored in RAM12. The rest determination section 18 is a circuit that determines a rest code, and its determination output is sent to the RAM control section 15 and the AND gate 2.
given to 0. A key-off signal KF output when the one-key play switch 6 is turned off is input to the AND gate 20, and its output is input to the OR game 21. A key-on signal KN output when the one-key play switch 6 is turned on is also input to the OR gate 21. The output signal RD of the OR gate 21 is input to the register 17 as a read signal, and is also applied to the time counter 19 via the OR gate 22 as a reset signal. Note that the time counter 19 counts the clock φ.

In FIG. 2, the matching circuit 23 is configured to match the tone length data read from the RAM 12 and the output of the time counter 19 during automatic performance (in this case, the signal AUTO is output from the mode changeover switch group 5). It performs detection, and if both data match, a match signal is sent to the RAM control unit 15.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained using FIG. 9 as an example of a case in which music is preset in the RAM 12 and automatically played. First, the mode changeover switch group 5 is operated to set the recording mode. For this reason, the signal
REC is output and given to the RAM control unit 15. Therefore, the RAM control unit 15 outputs a write mode read/write signal R/W and applies it to the RAM 12, resets the address counter 16 to specify address 0, and outputs a signal RS to input the time counter 19. Reset. Next, in order to input the pitch of the first musical note (pitch name G of the first octave) _G1, turn on the pitch _G1 key on the keyboard 2, and the key code KC will be output from the key input control section 11. Pitch storage section 17 of register 17
Enter in A. Then, the signal RD due to the key-on signal KN is input to the register 17 and the above key code is input.
KC is read into the pitch storage section 17A, and then
It is written to address 0 (0 step) of RAM12. In this case, the octave is 3 as shown in Figure 5.
The pitch name is encoded into a 4-bit code as shown in FIG. Therefore, the pitch _G1 is represented by 7-bit data "0000111" and is stored in the pitch area of the RAM 12 as shown in FIG. Note that FIG. 6 shows a chord with pitch C ₂ as an example. Also, the musical tone information of the first musical tone mentioned above
The MD outputs a musical tone of pitch _G1 , and the musical tone creating section 13 creates and emits the musical tone.

Next, since the second musical tone is a quarter rest, the rest switch 7 is turned on. At this time, a rest code is output as the key code KC and input to the register 17. At the same time, the RAM is turned on by outputting the key-on signal KN.
The control unit 15 increments the address counter 16 by 1, and
Have them specify the address. Therefore, the rest chord above is the 7th rest chord.
It is coded as shown in the figure, so
The rest code “0001111” is at address 1 of RAM12.
is memorized.

Thereafter, the third to eighth musical tones are similarly input. In this case, the pitch keys C ₂ , G ₁ , rest switch 6, C ₂ , G ₁ , and C ₁ are operated. As a result, pitch codes as shown in FIG. 10 are stored in pitch areas 2 to 7 of the RAM 12, respectively.

Next, turn on the end code switch 8. At this time, the end code is output as the key code KC. In this case, the end code is encoded as shown in FIG. 7, and therefore the end code "1111111" is stored in the pitch area at address 8 of the RAM 12 as shown in FIG.

Next, for example, a reset switch (not shown) is turned on to reset the address counter 16, returning it to address 0, and then performing a note length input operation. At this time, the register in the RAM control section 15 is cleared, and the process of step _S1 shown in the flowchart of FIG. 3 is executed.

Next, turn on the one-key play switch 6 to input the length (quarter note) of the first musical note (the first
(See Figure 1). The address 0 is currently being addressed in the RAM 12, and therefore the code indicating the pitch _G1 from the pitch area at address 0 is read out, and the pitch storage section 17A of the register 17 and the rest judgment section 1 are read out.
8 is being input. Therefore, the rest determination section 18 now determines that the input code is not a rest code, and provides a determination signal thereof to the RAM control section 15 (processing in step _S2 ). When the one-key play switch 6 is turned on, the process proceeds to step _S4 after the judgment process in step _S3 , and the end code is transferred to the RAM.
It is determined whether the data has been read from 12 or not. Since the pitch code is currently being read, the sound emitting process in step _S5 is executed next. That is, RAM13
The pitch code (G ₁ ) from is given to the musical tone creation section 13, and a musical tone of pitch G ₁ is emitted. Next, the process proceeds to step _S6 , where it is determined whether the data in the register is 0 or not. The register is now cleared, so the next step _S8 is performed, ie, the reset signal RS is output from the RAM control section 15 and the time counter 19 is reset. As a result, the time counting operation for the time after the one-key play switch 6 is turned on is started. Next, after processing in step _S9 , the process proceeds to step _S10 , where the register is set to +1, becomes "1", and is incremented. Next, the process advances to step _S11 , where it is determined whether the one-key play switch 6 has been turned off.

As shown in FIG. 11, the one-key play switch 6 is turned off when the duration of a quarter note has elapsed. At this time, the off operation of the one-key play switch 6 is determined by the processing in step _S11 .
Next, in step _S12 , the musical tone of pitch _G1 is muted, and then the process returns to step _S2 .

In step _S2 , it is determined that the content at address 1 of the RAM 12 is a rest, and the process proceeds to step _S13 , where when the one-key play switch 6 is turned off,
In other words, after the time corresponding to the tone length of a quarter note of pitch _G1 has elapsed, the clock data of the time counter 19 and the tone length data of the quarter note are read into the tone length storage section 17B of the register 17, and then It is stored in the tone length area at address 0 of the RAM 12 as shown in FIG.
In this case, the tone length of the quarter note is coded as shown in FIG. 8, and therefore the tone length code "0010" is stored. In reality, this tone length code varies depending on the operator's operation time of the one-key play switch 6, but for the sake of simplicity, all tone length codes will be explained as following FIG. 8. do. Note that the tone length code "0000111" at address 0 is stored again in the pitch area of the RAM 12, and becomes a pair of data with the tone length code.

Next, in step _S14 , the reset signal RS is output, the time counter 19 is reset, and a time counting operation for the quarter rest of the second musical tone is started. Then, in step _S15 , the register is incremented to "2".

Next, when the rest length of the quarter rest has elapsed, the one-key play switch 6 is pressed as shown in Figure 11.
When turned on, this on operation is judged in step _S3 , and then after processing in step _S4 , step _S5
The sound emitting process is executed. That is, 2 of RAM12
The musical tone of pitch _C2 of the third musical tone read from the address starts to be emitted. The pitch code is also given to the register 17 and the rest determining section 18, as described above.

Next, the process of step _S7 is executed via step _S5 , and the rest length code of the quarter rest is stored in the note length area at address 1 of the RAM 12. Note that the rest length code for a quarter note is the same as the note length code for a quarter note shown in FIG. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, the rest length code "0010" is stored in the tone length area at address 1 of the RAM 12.

Next, in step _S8 , the time counter 19 is reset and starts measuring the length of the third musical tone. The program then proceeds via step _S9 to step _S10 , where the register is incremented to "3", and then proceeds to step _S11 , where it is determined whether to turn off the one-key play switch 6 for the third tone. Then, when the one-key play switch 6 is turned off, the musical tone of pitch _C2 is muted. Next, the process returns to step _S2 , but in this case, 3 of the RAM 12 is
Since the pitch information of the address is _G2 , the process advances to step _S3 . Then, when the time period corresponding to a dotted quarter note, which is the note length of pitch _C2 , has elapsed, the one-key play switch 6 is turned on as shown in FIG. Then, after the processing in step _S4 , a musical tone for pitch _G1 is emitted in step _S5 .

Next, the process of step _S7 is executed via step _S6 , and the pitch is stored in the tone length area at address 2 of RAM12.
The dotted quarter note length code corresponding to C ₂ is stored. Therefore, as shown in Figure 10,
A tone length code "0011" is stored in the tone length area at address 2 of the RAM 12.

Next, in step _S8 , the time counter 19 is reset and starts measuring the length of the fourth musical tone _G1 .

Thereafter, input of tone length codes and rest length codes for the fourth to eighth musical tones is executed in exactly the same manner. In other words, when there are consecutive notes (not rests), the time from the one-key play switch 6 on operation to the next on operation is the duration of the corresponding note, and when there is a next rest, The note length corresponding to the note immediately before the rest is the time from when the one-key play switch 6 is turned on to when it is turned off.
The duration of the rest is the time from the above-mentioned OFF operation to the ON operation of the one-key play switch 6. In order to input the length of the half note of the eighth musical note, first turn off the one-key play switch 6, and then, as shown in FIG. When turned on, the input of the end code is determined by the processing in step _S4 , and then the tone length code ``0100'' of the half note corresponding to pitch _C1 is stored in address 7 of RAM 12 in step _S6 and step S7 _. is stored in the note length area. The process then proceeds to step _S8 , where the time counter 19 is reset. Then step S ₉
After processing, all note length input operations are completed.

As described above, as shown in FIG. 10, a pair of codes for pitch and length are stored in the RAM 12.
Therefore, the rest code is also stored as one of the pitch and length codes. Therefore, when the mode changeover switch group 5 is switched to the automatic performance mode, the signal AUTO is output from the mode changeover switch group 5 and is applied to the RAM control section 15. and
Pitch data is sequentially read from the RAM 12 and provided to the musical tone creation section 13 to create the musical tone.
Further, the tone length data read from the RAM 12 is provided to the matching circuit 23. Timing data from the time counter 19 is input to the coincidence circuit 23 and compared with the note length data. If both data match, a coincidence signal EQ is output and input to the RAM control section 15. In response, the RAM control section 15 increments the address counter 16 and outputs a reset signal RS, which is applied to the time counter 19 via the OR gate 22 to reset it. Automatic performance is performed by repeating the above operations.

Note that the number of tone length codes and rest length codes is not limited to the four types in the above embodiment, but can be further increased.
Further, the switch for inputting note length and rest length data is not limited to the one-key play switch. In addition, after inputting only the pitch and rest from an external device using a magnetic card, magnetic tape, barcode reader, etc.,
The note length and rest length may be input by operating a predetermined switch.

As explained above, the present invention inputs pitches and rests constituting a piece of music into a memory using an input means, and then calculates the pitch length corresponding to each pitch and the rest length corresponding to each rest. The input is made by measuring the operating time of a predetermined switch, and the note length corresponding to the pitch before the rest is the pressing time from the ON operation to the OFF operation of the above-mentioned predetermined switch, and corresponds to the rest. The length of the rest to be entered is set to the time from the above-mentioned OFF operation to the next ON operation of the predetermined switch, so it is now possible to input rests, which were difficult to input in the past, easily and in accordance with the rhythm. , it is possible to realize an electronic musical instrument with excellent operability.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an electronic musical instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram thereof, FIG. 3 is a flowchart explaining the tone length input operation, and FIGS. 4 and 5 are respectively , note names, and octave chords; Figure 6 is a diagram showing the pitch C ₂ chord as an example; Figure 7 is a diagram showing rests and end chords; Figure 8 is a diagram showing note lengths. 9 is a diagram showing the musical score of the song, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the storage state of the RAM 12, and FIG. 11 is a waveform diagram showing key operations for inputting the pitch length of the song in FIG. 9. . 2...keyboard, 4...sound emitting section, 5...mode selection switch group, 6...one key play switch, 7...rest switch, 8...end code switch, 11...key input control section, 12 ……
RAM, 13...Musical sound creation unit, 15...RAM control unit, 16...Address counter, 17...Register, 18...Rest determination unit, 19...Time counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After inputting the pitches and rests that make up a piece of music into the memory using the input means, the length of the note corresponding to each pitch and the length of the rest corresponding to each of the rests are determined by measuring the operating time of a predetermined switch. In the case of an electronic musical instrument, the pitch corresponding to the pitch immediately before the above-mentioned rest is the duration of the press from the ON operation to the OFF operation of the above-mentioned predetermined switch, and the rest length corresponding to the above-mentioned rest. The electronic musical instrument is characterized by comprising means for setting a non-pressing time from the OFF operation of the predetermined switch to the next ON operation of the predetermined switch.