JPH0340399B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a musical tone signal generation device, and in particular to a waveform memory readout method that generates musical tone signals by reading out a waveform memory that stores musical waveform information. This invention relates to an improvement of a musical tone signal generating device.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a musical tone signal generating device using a waveform memory reading method, there is one described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,515,792. In this device,
A musical tone signal is generated by repeatedly reading out a waveform memory that stores musical waveforms for one cycle.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the waveform of the musical sound signal generated by this conventional device is always the same (the same musical sound waveform is repeated), and as a result, the musical sound signal becomes extremely monotonous, and the timbre, which resembles the sound of a natural instrument, changes over time. It was impossible to obtain such a complex musical tone signal.

Therefore, in order to improve this point, a musical sound waveform for multiple cycles in the attack part of a musical sound and a musical sound waveform in the sustain part (sustain part) are stored in a waveform memory, and a musical sound generation start command is generated (when a key is pressed). proposed a musical tone signal generating device that generates a musical tone signal by sequentially reading out the musical waveform of the attack section and then repeatedly reading the musical waveform of the sustain section until a musical tone generation end command is issued (key release). (U.S. Patent No. 3539701)
No. Specification). According to this improved musical tone signal generation device, it is possible to generate musical tone signals whose timbre and the like change over time. However, in the case of this improved device, reading of the waveform memory completely stops when a musical tone generation end command is generated (key released), so no musical tone signal is generated after the key is released. There is a problem in that it is not possible to express the lingering pronunciation after the key is released, which is important in natural instruments such as.

This invention has been made in view of the above points, and the timbre, etc. changes over time from the generation of a musical sound generation start command to a predetermined time after the generation of a musical sound generation end command, and the key release characteristic of a natural musical instrument is It is an object of the present invention to provide a musical tone signal generating device capable of generating a high-quality musical tone signal that can effectively express subsequent lingering pronunciation.

[Means for solving problems]

According to the musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention, the first waveform memory portion sequentially stores information about a plurality of cycles of the waveform in the attack portion of the musical tone in each address, and the information about the waveform for the plurality of cycles of the musical tone. A waveform memory consists of a second waveform memory section that sequentially stores information on multiple cycles of waveforms in the decay part of a musical tone at each address, and a third waveform memory section that sequentially stores information on multiple cycles of waveforms in the decay part of musical tones, and a waveform memory section that stores musical tone generation start commands in sequence. As a result of the generation, each address of the first waveform memory portion is designated sequentially from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the waveform information stored in each address is sequentially read out, and the reading of the final address of the first waveform memory portion is completed. After that, the second
The waveform information stored in each address is read out sequentially and repeatedly by sequentially and repeatedly specifying each address of the waveform memory section from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and upon generation of a tone generation end command, the second waveform memory is When the reading of the final address of the third waveform memory section is completed, each address of the third waveform memory section is sequentially designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the waveform information stored in each address is sequentially read out.
a waveform memory readout device that executes a process of stopping the readout operation after the reading of the final address of the waveform memory portion of the waveform memory portion is completed; The musical tone signal is generated based on the information of the musical tone signal.

[Effect]

According to such a musical tone signal generation device, when a musical tone generation command is received, the waveform of the attack portion is first read out from the first waveform memory portion, and then the waveform of a plurality of periodic portions of the musical tone is transferred to the second waveform memory portion. When a musical tone generation end command is received, the waveform of the decay portion is continued and a musical tone signal is generated based on these waveforms. Therefore, it is possible to produce a tone that changes over time and a lingering pronunciation.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a musical tone signal generating device to which the present invention is applied, which generates musical tone signals by reading out waveforms for multiple periods of each of the attack, sustain, and decay portions of a musical tone from a waveform memory. It is something that occurs.

According to this embodiment, each address
It has three types of waveform memories WM ₈₁ , WM ₈₂ , and WM _{83 addressed by AD 81 , AD 82 , and} AD ₈₃ .
The first waveform memory WM ₈₁ stores musical waveform information for multiple periods in the attack portion of a musical tone, and the second waveform memory WM ₈₂ stores the necessary musical waveform information for one period or an integral multiple thereof. The third waveform memory WM ₈₃ stores musical waveform information for a plurality of periods in the decay portion of a musical tone. For this reason, the first waveform memory WM ₈₁
After reading out the attack part waveform from the second waveform memory WM ₈₂ , the sustain part waveform is read out repeatedly from the second waveform memory WM 82 according to the duration of the sustain.
Following the completion of reading the waveform memory _WM82 ,
The decay section waveform is read out from the third waveform memory WM ₈₃ and a musical tone signal is outputted via the adder SM ₈₀ as appropriate.

Note that for this example, the waveform memory
It is assumed that the attack part waveform and the decay part waveform respectively stored in WM ₈₁ and WM ₈₃ are given attack and decay envelopes.

Next, the structure and operation of this example will be clarified while explaining the process by which musical tone signals are generated by this example.

FIG. 2 shows a keyboard device that generates various control signals (musical tone generation start command signal, musical tone generation end command signal) for controlling the generation of musical tone signals when the above musical tone signal generation device is used in a keyboard electronic musical instrument. Since this keyboard device is used in the musical tone signal generating device shown in FIG. 1, this keyboard device will be explained first. In the figure, the circuit for one key switch SW is shown for convenience of explanation, but it goes without saying that a similar circuit may be adopted for all or some of the keys on the keyboard in reality. It is.

When the key switch KSW is closed or opened by key operation, the key switch is closed or opened by the action of power supply E.
A key press signal A as shown in FIG. 3A appears at one end of the KSW in response to opening and closing of the key switch KSW. The key depression signal A thus generated is converted by a differentiating circuit comprising R ₁ and a capacitor C ₁ into pulse signals having opposite polarities when the key is depressed and when the key is released. Among these pulse signals, the pulse signal corresponding to the key release is cut by the diode _D1 to obtain a key press pulse KD (musical sound generation start command signal) as shown in FIG. 3C. Also, this pulse
KD is inverted by the inverter INV ₁ to form an inverted key press pulse (FIG. 3 D).

In addition, the inverted key press signal obtained by inverting the key press signal A by the inverter INV ₂ is sent to the capacitor C ₂ and the resistor.
A differentiating circuit consisting of _R2 obtains pulse signals corresponding to the key press and key release in the same way as obtained by the differentiator circuit ( _C1 , _R1 ), and a pulse signal corresponding to the key press. is cut by diode _D2 to obtain a key release pulse KR (musical tone generation end command signal) as shown in FIG.

When the key press pulse KD explained in FIG. 2 is generated by the key press operation, the flip-flop FF ₈₁ is set and continues to send out the Q output. Therefore, a clock pulse φ of a predetermined period is sent to the addresser AD ₈₁ via the AND circuit AND ₈₁ , and the addresser AD ₈₁ addresses the aforementioned waveform memory WM ₈₁ and sequentially reads the attack part waveform stored in the memory WM ₈₁ . read out. When addresser AD ₈₁ sends out the last bit output, flip-flop FF ₈₁ is reset, so that the clock pulse φ is no longer input to addresser AD ₈₁ and the waveform memory is
Reading of WM ₈₁ ends.

Here, the addresser AD ₈₁ can be configured with a counter and a decoder, for example, as shown in FIG.
Cleared before counting starts. The other addressers AD ₈₂ ′AD ₈₃ used in this embodiment can also have a similar configuration. The waveform memory WM ₈₁ can be configured with ROM etc., and other waveform memories in this embodiment
A similar configuration can be applied to WM ₈₂ ' and WM ₈₃ .

Next, when the reading of the first waveform memory _WM81 , which stores waveforms for multiple cycles of the attack portion, is completed and the final bit output of the addresser _AD81 is sent out, this output resets the flip-flop FF81 and also resets the flip-flop _FF81 . Signal 1MF for driving addresser AD ₈₂ which addresses second waveform memory WM ₈₂
It is also used as

That is, when the readout of the multi-cycle waveform of the attack portion from the first waveform memory WM ₈₁ is completed, the signal _1MF causes the D
type flip-flop FF ₈₂ is set, and the flip-flop is activated under the input conditions of the AND circuit AND ₈₂ .
The output of FF ₈₂ is self-holding, and the AND circuit AND ₈₃
The addresser _AD82 is driven by a clock pulse φ of a predetermined period through the waveform memory _WM82.
The contents of are read out. Here, the AND circuit
The input condition for AND ₈₂ is formed by the inverted key press pulse and the inverted output of the final bit output DF of the third addresser AD ₈₃ by the inverter INV ₈₂ (in this case, both are "1"). However, the output of the AND circuit _AND84 is used as an input to the AND circuit _AND82 . The inputs of this AND circuit _AND84 are the Q output of the flip-flop _FF82 and the output of the inverter _INV81.As will be described later, since the output of the inverter _INV81 is "1" when a key is pressed, the output of the flip-flop _FF82 is "1". If the Q output of is sent out, it is an AND circuit.
AND ₈₄ , and therefore the logical condition of AND circuit AND ₈₂ is satisfied.

In this way, reading of the second waveform memory WM ₈₂ is carried out, and this reading is repeated until the key is released. In addition, the second waveform memory WM ₈₂
In order to read out, the addresser AD ₈₂ sends the final bit output signal 2MF to the AND circuit AND ₈₆ for each cycle of the address, but as described below, the AND condition of the AND circuit AND ₈₆ will not hold unless there is a key release operation. .

Next, when a key release pulse KR is generated in response to a key release operation, a D-type flip-flop FF ₈₃ is set via an OR circuit OR ₈₂ , and an AND circuit having the same input signal as the AND circuit AND ₈₂ is set.
Under the input condition of AND ₈₅ , the output of flip-flop FF ₈₃ is self-held, and one input of AND circuit AND ₈₆ is generated (becomes "1"). In addition, in this state, the final bit output signal 2MF is generated from the addresser AD ₈₂ , and when this signal 2MF (“1”) arrives at the other input of the AND circuit AND ₈₆ , the AND condition of the AND circuit AND ₈₆ is satisfied. Therefore, the AND circuit AND ₈₆ sends out an output “1” and the OR circuit
D-type flip-flop FF ₈₄ is set via OR ₈₃ . The Q output (“1”) of this flip-flop FF ₈₄ is one of the input signals of the AND circuit AND ₈₇ which has the same input signal as the AND circuit AND ₈₅ .
As a result, the Q output of the flip-flop FF84 is self-maintained. On the other hand, this flip-flop
The Q output (“1”) of FF ₈₄ sets one of the input conditions of the AND circuit AND ₈₄ to “0” via the inverter INV ₈₁ .
shall be. As a result, the AND conditions of the AND circuit AND ₈₄ and therefore the AND circuit AND ₈₂ are broken, the self-holding of the flip-flop FF ₈₂ is released, and reading from the second waveform memory WM ₈₂ is stopped. however,
As you can see from the explanation so far, the second waveform memory
The reading of WM ₈₂ may continue for some time after the key release pulse KR is generated (a period of time that does not cause any problem in terms of musical tone audibility). This is generally
This is because the generation of the key release pulse KR and the generation of the final bit output signal 2MF of the addresser _AD82 are not simultaneous. Furthermore, since the output of the second waveform memory _WM82 and the output of the third waveform memory _WM83 must be continuous, the second waveform memory _WM82 must be read to the last address before reading the third waveform memory. This is an attempt to start reading the waveform memory _WM83 .

The Q output of the flip-flop FF ₈₄ , which acts to stop the reading of the second waveform memory WM ₈₂ , drives the addresser AD ₈₃ with a clock pulse φ of a predetermined period via an AND circuit AND ₈₈ .
Read the contents of the third waveform memory _WM83 . As mentioned above, this third waveform memory WM ₈₃ stores all waveforms for a plurality of cycles of the decay portion of a musical tone. When the reading of the third waveform memory _WM83 is completed, the final bit output signal DF of "1" is output from the addresser _AD83 , so this signal DF
The inverted signal which is inverted by the inverter INV ₈₂ becomes "0", and the AND condition of the AND circuit AND ₈₇ no longer holds true. As a result, the flip-flop
When the FF ₈₄ is reset and its Q output becomes "0", the clock pulse φ is no longer input to the addresser AD ₈₃ , the reading of the waveform memory WM ₈₃ is completed, and the generation of musical tone signals is stopped.

In addition, the above inverted signal is connected to an AND circuit.
AND ₈₂ 'AND ₈₅ is also input _, and the flip-flop FF ₈₂ ' FF ₈₃ is also reset when the reading of the waveform memory WM ₈₃ is completed (that is, the musical tone signal generation is completed). (Although it has already been reset when reading ₈₃ starts). Also, the AND circuit
The reason why an inverted key press pulse is input to AND ₈₂ ′AND 85 ′AND ₈₇ is to reset the flip-flops FF ₈₂ ′FF ₈₃ ′FF ₈₄ when a key is pressed (when musical tone signal generation starts). In this case, while the waveform memory WM ₈₃ is being read by releasing the key (signal
When the key press operation is performed again ₍ before DF is generated), the flip _- flops _{FF82'FF83'FF84} are reset as the inverted key press pulse becomes "0". This ensures that there is no problem in generating musical tone signals when a key is pressed again.

In the above embodiment, only the circuit corresponding to one key is shown, but it goes without saying that the same type of configuration may be adopted for all the keys of the electronic musical instrument or for some of the keys.

In summary, according to this example, immediately after a key is pressed _, a plurality of periods of musical waveforms in the attack portion are read out from the first waveform memory WM ₈₁ and outputted via the adder SM ₈₀ . When the last address of
Output via SM ₈₀ , and when the key is released, the second
After reading out the waveform memory _WM82 to the last address, this reading is stopped and the third waveform memory is read out.
The musical sound waveform for multiple cycles of the decay part is read out from WM ₈₃ and output via adder SM ₈₀ , and the third
When the last address of the waveform memory _WM83 is read out, generation of the entire musical tone signal ends.

In this way, the musical tone signal obtained in response to the output of the adder SM ₈₀ has multiple cycles of waveforms stored in the waveform memory WM ₈₁ 'WM ₈₂ 'WM ₈₃ in each of the attack, sustain and decay parts. (Of course, the waveform can be made different for each cycle.) The timbre, etc. changes over time in response to the waveform. In addition, by storing multiple cycles of waveforms corresponding to the sounds of natural instruments after the key is released in the waveform memory WM ₈₃ for the decay section, it is possible to effectively reproduce the lingering sounds of natural instruments after the keys are released. A musical tone signal that can be expressed is obtained.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained in detail based on the examples above,
According to the present invention, waveform information for a plurality of cycles is stored in a memory for each of the attack part, sustain part, and decay part of a musical tone, and these waveform information are sequentially read in response to a musical sound generation start command and a musical sound generation end command. Because it generates a musical sound signal by emitting a musical sound, the timbre changes over time from the start of musical sound generation to the end of musical sound generation, and it also effectively expresses the lingering pronunciation of a natural musical instrument after a key is released. You can get high quality musical tones.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a musical tone signal generating device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an example of a keyboard device for controlling the generation of musical tone signals when the musical tone signal generating device is used in an electronic musical instrument. FIG. 3 is a waveform diagram showing output signals of the device shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a specific example of the addresser in the device shown in FIG. WM _{81′WM82′WM 83} …Waveform memory,
AD ₈₁ ′AD ₈₂ ′AD ₈₃ …addresser, SM ₈₀ …adder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A first waveform memory portion that sequentially stores information about a plurality of cycles of waveforms in the attack portion of a musical tone at each address, and a first waveform memory section that sequentially stores information about a plurality of cycles of waveforms of a musical tone at each address. a second waveform memory section in which information about a plurality of cycles of waveforms in the decay section of a musical tone is sequentially stored in each address; The waveform information stored in each address is sequentially specified by sequentially specifying each address of the first waveform memory section from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and after the reading of the final address of the first waveform memory section is completed, Each address of the second waveform memory portion is sequentially and repeatedly specified from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the information of the waveform stored in each address is read out sequentially and repeatedly, and upon generation of a musical tone generation end command, the corresponding address is specified. When the reading of the final address of the second waveform memory section is completed, each address of the third waveform memory section is sequentially designated from the initial address at a predetermined speed, and the information of the waveform stored in each address is sequentially read out. , a waveform memory reading device that executes a process of stopping the reading operation after the reading of the final address of the third waveform memory portion is completed, A musical tone signal generating device characterized in that a musical tone signal is generated based on each read waveform information.