JPH045996B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a musical tone data editing device used in the field of electronic musical instruments to temporarily store musical tone data and perform editing processing on the musical tone data; Typically, when operating a key on an electronic musical instrument, musical sound data that carries information about the pitch of the musical sound to be produced in response to the pressed key and information about the duration of sounding the musical sound at that pitch is first stored. It is incorporated into a sequencer that stores musical tones and plays off-line musical tones having pitches, sound durations, etc. based on such stored musical tone data, and is concerned with things that perform editing processing on the musical tones to be reproduced. , among other things.
Concerning improvements to speed up editing processing.

<Prior Art> First, the configuration and operation of a conventional sequencer incorporating this type of device will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a conventional sequencer, in which a key voltage S1 and a key signal S2 are supplied from a key circuit section 1. As shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 shows waveforms widely used for such key voltages and key signals, and the horizontal axis is the time axis.

Now, when the C1 key is pressed, the key circuit section 1 generates a key voltage with an amplitude corresponding to the tone C1, as shown in figure a, and furthermore, as shown in figure b, the tone C1 is produced. C1 over the duration t1
The key signal for the musical tone is turned on.

When the key C1 is released, the key signal is turned off as shown in c in the same figure, and a sound generation stop time t2 is formed, but the key voltage is maintained as it is.

Next, when the D1 key is pressed again, a key voltage with an amplitude corresponding to the tone D1 is generated as shown in d of the same figure, and the key signal is turned on again as shown in e of the same figure. , a sounding duration time t1' is formed. The fact that there is a time t2 in which the key signal is turned off immediately before the key voltage changes means that the tone C1 was staccato.

Next, after pressing the D1 key to make the musical tone D1 continue to sound for a time t1', release the D1 key for a time t2' and press the same D1 key again, as shown in figure f. Even when the key signal is turned on, the key voltage is maintained at the amplitude corresponding to D1, as shown in g in the figure.

This time, when you release the D1 key that is still being pressed and simultaneously press the E1 key, as shown in h of the same figure, even though the key voltage changes from the amplitude of D1 to the amplitude of E1, As shown in Figure i,
The key signal remains on. In this way, the fact that there is no time for the key signal to turn off immediately before the key voltage changes means that the change in musical tone was legato.

Now, returning to FIG. 1, upon receiving the key voltage, the key code generation section 2 converts it into a key code displayed in binary number corresponding to its amplitude value, that is, the pitch of the pressed key. , is supplied to the musical tone data storage section 3.

On the other hand, in response to the key signal S2, the time code generating section 4 counts the clock pulses while gated with the key signal S2, thereby calculating the sound generation duration t1, t1 expressed by the duration of the on/off state of the key signal S2. ', t1''... and the sound stop time t
2, t2', t2'', .

The state change detection sections 5 and 6 detect a change in either the key voltage or the key signal and send an output signal to the tone data storage section 3.

That is, in the case of staccato with changes in musical tone as shown in FIG. 2e and d, the state change detection units 5 and 6 both send output signals, In the case of statzcato, which is not accompanied by a staccato, only the state change detection section 5 sends an output signal;
only sends an output signal. After receiving this output signal,
The musical tone data storage section 3 writes the key code supplied from the key code generation section 2 and the time code supplied from the time code generation section 4, and organizes them so that they can be read out in the order in which they were written. and memorize it.

In this way, in the write mode, the key code corresponding to the musical tone to be produced by the key pressed in a series of key operations and the time code representing the duration time and stop time of the musical tone are stored as musical tone data. It is stored in section 3.

On the other hand, in the reproduction mode for reproducing musical tones specified by the key code and time code stored in the write mode, the musical tones are read out sequentially from the musical tone data storage section 3 in the order in which they were written. The key code and time code are supplied to a key voltage generation section 7 and a key signal generation section 8, respectively.

The key voltage generator 7 receives the read key code, converts it into a key voltage, and supplies the key voltage to the synthesizer module 9.

The key signal generation unit 8 temporarily stores the read time code, subtracts and counts clock pulses, and obtains a pulse whose duration is the time required for the stored time code to become zero. Then, the time code is converted into a key signal and this is supplied to the synthesizer module 9.

The synthesizer module 9 receives the key voltage and the key signal, and generates the musical tone specified by the key code for the duration of the sound generation specified by the key signal.

Such a sequencer is used to realize offline performance of an electronic musical instrument by playing back the musical tone and its duration specified by key operations in the write mode and its duration in the playback mode. be.

Generally, in such a sequencer, the sound duration time and sound stop time vary greatly during performance, ranging from 5 milliseconds to several tens of seconds, so a fixed time code is used to represent these times. If the specified number of bytes were allocated, the usage rate of the musical tone data storage section 3 would decrease, making it uneconomical.

Therefore, various proposals have been made to express time codes as variable-length words. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 1983-83093 adds a connection status to time codes, and expresses the sound duration time or sound stop time. If the time exceeds the time that can be represented by one time code, "1" is assigned to the status, and another time code connected to the above one time code is used as the upper digit. A sequencer configured to memorize long sounds and the like has been proposed.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a typical storage form of musical tone data in a musical tone storage section of a sequencer using such variable length words.

That is, a series of words W1 representing musical tone data,
W2, W3, . . . each consist of a key code and a time code following the key code, and the time code further includes a time code representing the duration of the sound generation and a time code representing the time when the sound generation is stopped.

For example, 1 word of musical tone data W1 is composed of a 1-byte key code C1, a 1-byte time code t1 that represents the duration of sound generation, and a 1-byte time code t2 that represents the time that the sound stops. Ru.

Since the time code has a variable length, for example, when the time code t1' representing the duration of sound generation is 2 bytes, such as musical sound data W2,
Alternatively, there is a mixture of musical tone data W4 in which both the time code t1 representing the duration of sound generation and the time code t2 representing the time to stop sounding are 2 bytes.

These variable-length words are divided into fixed-length byte units, and each byte is a series of addresses Ai+1, Ai specifying a specific area of the musical tone data storage section 3.
+2, Ai+3, etc., and are stored.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in general, this type of sequencer is required to have a built-in musical tone data editing device and to have an editing function. Typical editing functions include, for example, performing key operations as shown in Figure 2 in write mode, and
After temporarily storing a series of musical tone data as shown in the figure in the musical tone data storage section 3, in the edit mode, for example, by performing a key operation as shown in FIG. For a specific data group of musical tone data once stored, it is required to rewrite only its time code by key operation in real time to ensure the storage of musical tone data as shown in FIG. 5A. .

In such a key operation in the edit mode, if you compare it with the musical tone data group (same as that shown in FIG. 3) that has been stored once in the write mode shown in FIG. 5B, As is obvious, the number of bytes of each time code changes depending on the length of the sound duration or the length of the sound stop time, so if you rewrite the time code stored at a specific address in edit mode, As the number of bytes of the subsequent time code increases or decreases, the contents of addresses after the address of the editing start point must be rewritten in order.

Thus, in many cases, editing one location will cause all subsequent addresses to be rewritten.

Since such a rewriting process requires a considerable amount of processing time, the operation can be performed by operating the keys of the key circuit section 1, as explained based on FIGS. Correspondingly, when rewriting the time code of already stored musical tone data by real-time processing using the time code obtained from the time code creation section 4, a considerable amount of writing and writing is required after performing one key operation. The next key operation cannot be accepted until the processing time has elapsed.

Therefore, when operating keys in the editing mode, there is a delay each time a key is pressed, and there is a problem in that editing operations cannot be performed with the feeling of real-time performance.

<Means for Solving the Problems> In view of the problem of the editing processing time of musical tone data in the above-mentioned conventional technology, the present invention divides the storage area of the musical tone data storage section into a first storage area and a second storage area. Then, two address counters are provided as address specifying means for specifying addresses in each storage area separately, and the musical tone data stored in the second storage area is sequentially edited while being read by the second address counter. By storing this data in the first storage area using the first address counter, the above problem can be solved and the stored musical tone data can be executed at high speed without a large amount of waiting time. It is an object of the present invention to provide an excellent musical tone data editing device capable of executing time editing processing.

<Operation> The configuration of the present invention in accordance with the above object is such that, during editing work, musical tones are assigned from the first musical tone data to the address immediately before the address corresponding to the designated editing start point in a series of musical tone data groups. data to the first storage area of the musical tone data storage section,
Then, the musical tone data assigned to the address corresponding to the editing start point and the musical tone data assigned to subsequent addresses thereafter are divided into the second storage area of the musical tone data storage section and stored in address order, and first, The final address of the first storage area, that is, the address of the musical tone data immediately before the editing start point, is set in the counter as an initial value, while the second address counter is set as the first address of the second storage area, that is, the editing start point. address is set as the initial value, and then musical tone data is read from the second storage area at the address specified by the contents of the second address counter, and the musical tone data editing section performs editing processing on this data in a typical manner. The read musical tone data is converted into time code or key code that is output separately from the time code generation section or the key code generation section in response to real-time key operations for editing work in the key circuit section. By performing editing processing such as replacing and writing the edited musical tone data to the first storage area specified by the contents of the first address counter, the addresses after the address corresponding to the editing start point in the first storage area are By securing a storable area as the first storage area, rewriting of musical tone data for editing processing can be avoided from affecting a large number of musical tone data, and rewriting of one musical tone data can be done by only one musical tone data. It works to complete the process.

<Embodiment> The configuration and operation of an embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 6 and 7.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the present invention.

The musical tone data storage section 30 includes a microprocessor 30a, whose input terminals are connected to the key code generation section 2, time code generation section 4, and state change detection sections 5 and 6, respectively, and whose output terminals is connected to the storage device 30b. The storage area of the storage device 30b includes a first storage area 30b1 that is variably provided within the entire storage area, and a second storage area that is variably provided separately from the first storage area 30b1 within the entire storage area. It is divided into a region 30b2.

Furthermore, the musical tone data storage section 30 includes first and second address counters 30c and 30d as first and second address designating means, each of which is connected to a microprocessor 30a.

The other components are the same as those indicated by the same reference numerals in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the storage states of the first and second storage areas 30b1 and 30b2 in FIG. 6 and the addresses of the two storage areas 30b1 and 30b2 specified by the contents of the first and second address counters. It is a conceptual diagram.

Musical tone data storage unit 30 configured as described above
So, when operating the keys in edit mode, first,
To set the editing start point, musical tone data are played one after another in playback mode.

That is, by the same operation as the conventional example described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, a series of musical tone data groups stored in the first storage area 30b1 in the write mode are sequentially written in the playback mode. The key voltage generation section 7 and the key signal generation section 8 are read out and transferred via the microprocessor 30a, and the key code and key signal representing the musical tone to be generated are supplied to the synthesizer module 9. .

In this playback mode, the first storage area 30b1
The addresses for each byte of the key code and time code constituting each musical tone data that are sequentially read from are specified by, for example, a program counter (not shown) in the microprocessor 30a, and are shown in FIG. 7A. As shown in Figure a, the program counter P4, which had stored the address of the first byte of the first musical tone data, advances as the playback process progresses, and as shown in Figure b,
The address where the specific byte of musical tone data being processed for sound generation is stored is stored. At this time, the first address counter 30c registers the first storage area 3 as an increment result in the write mode.
The address of the last byte of the last musical tone data stored in 0b1 is stored.

Now, when the performer typically auditorily confirms the musical tone that is being generated, and switches the sequencer to the edit mode, the program counter P4 is displayed instead of the address of the last byte of the last musical tone data.
The contents of are set in the first address counter 30c as an initial value.

In this editing mode, first, the microprocessor 30 sequentially writes musical tone data stored in a series of addresses in the first storage area following the address set in the first address counter 30c from the rear end.
a, the first storage area 30b in all storage areas
A second storage area 30b2 provided separately from 1
Transfer to.

Regarding the second storage area 30b2, the first address of the second storage area allocated to the last transferred musical tone data, that is, the first byte of the musical tone data at the editing start point, is the second address counter 30b.
is set as the initial value.

This situation is illustrated in FIG. 7B. Although not shown in FIG. 6, P3 is a register that stores the final address of the second storage area 30b2, that is, the final address of all storage areas.

Therefore, when the content P2 of the second address counter 30b is examined with reference to FIG. 7, it is found that (P2B)=(P3)-[(P1A)-(P4)].

Here, P1, P2, P3, and P4 indicate the contents of the first address counter, second address counter, register, and program counter, respectively, and P1A indicates the contents of the first address counter at the end of the write mode. In addition, P2B indicates the content of the second address counter immediately after transition to the edit mode.

Therefore, in other words, the address X2 stored in the second address counter 30d at the time of starting editing is the address X1 of the last byte of musical tone data at the rear end, and the address X1 of the last byte of musical tone data immediately before the editing start point. The difference with the address X4 is subtracted from the final address X3 of the second storage area 30b2.

Now, after the musical tone data at the editing start point and the following musical tone data group have been transferred to the second storage area 30b2, when a key operation in the edit mode is performed, the musical tone data storage section 30 transfers the musical tone data to the second address counter 30d. Specifically, the musical tone data stored at the first address of the second storage area specified by the contents of is read out one byte at a time in order from the first byte of the musical tone data at the editing start point, and is read out one byte at a time by the microprocessor 30a. Transfer to. The microprocessor 30a implements a musical tone data editing section by executing a program, and here, in the same manner as the operation in the previous writing mode explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the key code creation section 2, In response to the output signals of the time code generation section 4 and the state change detection sections 5 and 6, each byte of musical tone data transferred from the second storage area 30b2 is specified by a key operation in the edit mode. After performing editing processing such as rewriting the time code or key code, the edited musical sound data is stored in the first storage area 30b1.
, and sequentially stored in the address specified by the contents of the first address counter 30c.

Each time one time code or key code rewriting process is completed, both the first and second address counters 30c and 30d are incremented and the next time code or key code is processed. It is something to be prepared for.

As mentioned above, the number of bytes of the time code increases or decreases depending on the duration of the sound generation or the length of the time when the sound stops, so generally the second storage area 30b
When the time code read from 2 is rewritten and written to the first storage area 30b1, the number of bytes changes, and as a result, the step speeds of the first address counter 30c and the second address counter 30d do not match. It is.

FIG. 7C shows how the musical tone data in the second storage area 30b2 is rewritten and stored in the first storage area 30b1 in this way.

Note that in the above embodiment, the second storage area 30b2
The operation of rewriting the key code or time code of musical tone data read out by the key code or time code obtained by key operation in the edit mode and storing it in the first storage area 30b1 has been described. It is easy to extend the rewriting operation to addition and deletion of musical tone data. That is, if reading from the second storage area 30b2 is temporarily stopped and the key code or time code obtained by key operation in the edit mode is stored in the first storage area 30b1, the editing start point can be changed. Thereafter, musical tone data is added in an interruptive manner. During such additional processing, only the first address counter 30c increments.

Furthermore, writing to the first storage area 30b1 is temporarily stopped, and the second address counter 30d is
By incrementing , a desired number of pieces of musical tone data following the editing start point are deleted. During such deletion processing, only the second address counter 30d increments.

<Effects> As described above, when key operations are performed in edit mode, the musical tone data from the beginning to just before the editing start point and the musical tone data after the editing start point are separated from each other in the entire storage area. A first address counter specifies the address of the first storage area and a second storage area specifies the address of the second storage area. An address counter is provided to sequentially read out the key code or time code of the musical tone data after the editing start point from the second storage area, perform editing processing on this, and then transfer the edited musical tone data to the first memory area. Since it is configured to sequentially store data in an address secured as a storable area after the address assigned to the musical tone data immediately before the editing start point in the storage area,
During editing processing in edit mode, even if the number of timecode bytes increases or decreases, there is no need to intensively process the ripple changes related to each byte and address of musical sound data at a single point, It is possible to process address changes that occur as the number of bytes increases or decreases.

Therefore, when editing in real time, that is, rewriting a key code or time code, in response to a key operation in edit mode, the rewriting processing time is shortened and there is almost no waiting time. This has the excellent effect of allowing the operator to perform editing work with the feeling of real-time performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 5 relate to a sequencer incorporating a conventional musical tone data editing device. Figure 1 is a block diagram showing its configuration, and Figure 2 is a waveform showing an example of the output waveform of the key circuit section. Figure 3 is a conceptual diagram showing the storage form of musical tone data;
The figure is a waveform diagram showing an example of the output waveform of the key circuit section due to key operation in the edit mode. Figure 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between musical tone data and addresses before and after editing.
7 to 7 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing its configuration, and FIG.
The figure is a conceptual diagram showing the relationship between the first and second storage areas and the contents of the first and second address counters. 1...Key circuit diagram, 2...Key code creation section,
4... Time code creation section, 5, 6... State change detection section, 7... Key voltage creation section, 8... Key signal creation section, 9... Synthesizer module, 30...
...Musical sound data storage section, 30a...Microprocessor (musical sound data editing section), 30b...Storage device,
30b1...first storage area, 30b2...second storage area, 30c...first address counter, 30
d...Second address counter.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a musical sound data editing device having at least musical sound storage means 30 for storing a series of musical sound data groups consisting of a key code and a time code, the musical sound data storage means 30 includes: a series of musical sound data groups. A first storage area 30b1 in which musical tone data allocated from the first musical tone data to an address immediately before the address corresponding to the specified editing start point is stored in a readable manner in address order, and corresponds to the editing start point. a storage device 30b having a second storage area 30b2 in which musical tone data allocated to an address and musical tone data allocated to subsequent addresses are readably stored in address order; a first address specifying means 30c that sequentially specifies the addresses of the second storage area 30b2; a second address specifying means 30d that stores the first address of the second storage area 30b2 as an initial value and sequentially specifies the addresses of the area 30b2; The musical tone data is sequentially read from the second storage area 30b2 at addresses sequentially specified by the second address specifying means 30d, the read musical tone data is edited, and the edited musical tone data is transferred to the first address specifying means. A musical tone data editing device comprising a musical tone data editing means 30a for sequentially storing musical tone data in a first storage area 30b1 at addresses sequentially designated by 30c. 2. In a musical sound data editing device having at least a musical sound storage means 30 for storing a series of musical sound data groups consisting of a key code and a time code, the musical sound data storage means 30 stores the first musical sound among the series of musical sound data groups. A first storage area 30b1 in which musical tone data allocated from the data to the address immediately before the address corresponding to the specified editing start point is stored in a readable manner in address order, and the storage area 30b1 corresponds to the editing start point. The storage area 3 after the address
0b1, and the musical tone data allocated to the address corresponding to the editing start point and the musical tone data allocated to subsequent addresses thereafter are stored readably in address order. A storage device 30b having a storage area 30b2, a first address specifying means 30c that stores the final address X4 of the first storage area 30b1 as an initial value and sequentially specifies the addresses of the area 30b1, and a second storage area 30b2. a second address specifying means 30d that stores the first address as an initial value and sequentially specifies the addresses of the area 30b2; The stored musical tone data is stored in the second storage area 30b2.
and the second storage area 30b2 whose addresses are sequentially specified by the second address specifying means 30d.
sequentially reads musical tone data from , edits the read musical tone data, and sequentially stores the edited musical tone data in the first storage area 30b1 at addresses sequentially specified by the first address specifying means 30c. A musical tone data editing device comprising a musical tone data editing means 30a. 3. The musical tone data editing device according to claim 1, wherein the address X2 stored in the second address specifying means 30d at the time of starting editing is expressed by the following formula. X2=X3-(X1-X4) However, X1...Address of the musical tone data at the rear end The musical tone data editing device according to claim 2, wherein the address X2 stored in the means 30d is expressed by the following formula. X2=X3-(X1-X4) However, 2. The musical tone data editing device according to claim 1, wherein the second address designating means 30d advances in response to a key operation in an editing mode. 6. The musical tone data editing device according to claim 2, wherein the first address designation means 30c and the second address designation means 30d advance in response to key operations in the edit mode.