JPH0340562B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a current collector for an electric vehicle such as a pantograph, and in particular, in order to improve the ability of the current collecting section to follow the overhead contact lines, a plurality of sliders are respectively installed. It is elastically supported on the hull and further suppresses the free vibration of small pieces of the slider plate that are not in contact with the contact line, making it possible to follow the contact line smoothly without overlapping with other types of vibration when the contact line arrives. This invention relates to a current collector device that collects current.

[Conventional technology]

A current collector for electric cars (hereinafter referred to as a pantograph) is used to smoothly terminate electricity from the overhead contact line to the inside of the vehicle, and it moves a slider attached to the hull of the boat to the contact line. Therefore, the frame of the pantograph that supports the boat body is applied with spring force or the like, and the slider is pressed against the contact line with a constant force through the boat body.

If the running speed of the vehicle is high or the construction accuracy of the overhead contact line is poor, the sliding part of the pantograph may separate from the overhead contact line and generate an arc. The occurrence of this arc not only shortens the life of the moving parts of the overhead contact lines and pantographs, but also causes radio interference in areas along the overhead contact lines.
Arc generation must be suppressed as much as possible since it can damage the living environment.

In order to suppress the occurrence of arcs, it is only necessary to improve the tracking ability of the pantograph so that the sliding part does not separate from the contact line, and efforts have been made to reduce the moving mass as much as possible.

"Vehicle current collector" and Utility Application No. 150672 filed by the present applicant and others in Utility Application No. 150672-
38726 will be described as an example of improving the followability of the slider to the overhead contact line.

Figure 6 is a plan view of the hull, and Figure 7 is a side view of the main parts of the hull, showing a hull assembly in which two hulls 4' are usually integrated by a connecting arm 6 or the like. ,
It is attached to the frame tube assembly (not shown) via a spring or the like.

A plurality of sliding plates 1a', 1 on one hull 4'
b' are supported in a row through springs 8',
Auxiliary slide plates 3' are attached to the upper surfaces of both ends, and the auxiliary slide plates 3' of the slide plates 1 and 1 of both ends
The part opposite to the bottom is rotatably supported by the boat body 4' by a pin 14, and the elastic connecting member 1
3, the adjacent ends are connected to each other so that the upper surfaces of all the slider plates form the same plane. A shunt 15 is connected to the boat body 4' from each of the slide plates 1a' and 1b', and is supplied with electricity.

The boat body assembly constructed as described above is attached to a frame assembly pipe section (not shown), and the plate surface is pressed against the overhead contact line 5 by a main spring (not shown) or the like.

The dynamic behavior of the sliders 1a', 1b' and the overhead contact line 5 in such a structure will be explained. train line 5
Generally, when the is stretched in a straight line with respect to the running direction,
Since the sliding plates move at the same location, causing intensive groove wear, they are installed in a zigzag pattern with respect to the running direction.
Although the distance from the rail surface is kept constant as much as possible, it is impossible to maintain a completely constant distance.

Therefore, when the pantograph runs, the contact line 5
While reciprocating in the longitudinal direction of the boat body 4', the contact plate surface contacts the contact line according to the distance from the rail surface of the contact line 5, and collects current by moving and moving.

In order to improve the followability of the contact wire 5 and the sliders 1a, 1b', if the pressing force of the pantograph is kept constant, the follow-up acceleration is increased by the amount of the reduced moving mass. Therefore, the overhead contact line 5 and the slider plates 1a', 1 will be affected by vibrations that are larger in proportion to the increased acceleration.
b' maintains its tracking, smooth current collection is achieved, and extremely harmful phenomena such as arcing can be avoided.

In this way, in the configuration of the current collector shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a plurality of slider plates 1a' and 1b' are supported by springs 8', and the corresponding part with the overhead contact line 5 is Trackability is improved by reducing weight.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, conventional devices have major problems. In other words, in Fig. 6, the contact plate 1a' that is in contact with the overhead contact line 5 is in contact with the pressing force necessary for collecting current (generally static pressing force P ₀ = 5.5 kgf), so the With the vibration acceleration force of
Even though a' is supported by the spring 8', free vibration is suppressed. However, since no pressing force is applied to the other slider plates 1b' that are not in contact with the contact line 5, various vibrations generated as the vehicle runs are transmitted to the slider plates via the boat body 4' and the spring 8'. transmitted to 1b′,
Free vibration is induced at the natural frequency (determined by the spring constant and mass) of the slider plate 1b' system. In this state, when the contact line 5 approaches the contact plate 1b', vibrations on the contact line 5 side and various vibrations generated as the vehicle runs are combined with the free vibration of the contact plate 1b'. This causes a bigger vibration and the contact line 5
The trackability is disturbed, and the wire separates from the wire at an extremely low speed compared to the normal tracking performance without the excitation of this free vibration, causing an arc to occur. Furthermore, at high speeds, aerodynamic micro-vibrations are added, amplifying the above-mentioned free vibrations and posing a serious problem.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and when the divided slider strips are not in contact with the overhead contact line, an initial force is applied to the supporting springs to suppress the free vibration of the slider strips. The object of the present invention is to provide an excellent current collector device that suppresses vibrations and provides smooth followability without combining with other vibrations from the vehicle side. As a means to achieve this objective, the present invention focuses on a spring that supports the slider plate pieces, and uses a spring that is several times smaller than the static force (generally static pressing force P ₀ = 5.5 Kgf) that presses against the overhead contact line. A stopper mechanism is provided to apply a force of 1 to each spring supporting the slider plate pieces, and to set the springs with their free lengths appropriately bent. Of course, since the movement of the small piece of the slider plate is all-encompassing movement such as left and right, front and back, inclination and up and down directions, in the embodiment of the present invention, a steel cable or the like is used as a stopper mechanism to limit the initial length of the spring without inhibiting this movement. The elastic support system for the slider plate is integrally formed by disposing it at the center point of the spring force.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a plan view of essential parts of an embodiment of the current collector device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the same, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken from A to A in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a comparative sectional view showing an example that is not preferred as a stopper mechanism.

In Figures 1 to 4, 1a and 1b are small pieces of slider plates, 2 is a leaf spring body, 3 is an auxiliary slider, 4 is a boat body, 5 is a contact line, 6 is a connecting arm, and 8 is a spring and slider. The board is divided into a large number of small pieces, and a plurality of pieces are arranged adjacent to each other in rows in the longitudinal direction of one boat body, and the adjacent portions between each row are made uneven, for example, in the longitudinal direction of the boat body 4. Each connection is made to have a spring characteristic, and furthermore, these small pieces are made to be elastically supported against the boat body, and furthermore, the slide plate small pieces 1a and 1b are made to be elastically supported against the boat body 4. Small slider pieces 1a and 1b are designed so that each can move independently.
The steel cable 7 is elastically supported by a spring 8 corresponding to each of the above, and the steel cable 7 is attached to the center point of the force of the spring 8 to offset the free length in advance so that the required initial force is obtained in the spring 8. Configure the mechanism. In other words, when the spring 8 is at its free length, the load is 0.
Kgf, if the free length is shortened by the deflection δ and the length is limited and set, the contact plate piece 1a,
In the portion 1b, the spring 8 holds the initial force F=kδ (k: spring constant). The value of this initial force F is assumed to be a fraction of the static pressing force on the overhead contact line 5,
The force is set to the minimum force necessary to suppress free vibration without inhibiting the vertical movement of the slide plate pieces 1a, 1b. Of course, the stroke of the spring 8 is reduced by the initial offset, so it is natural to increase it by this amount in advance.

Then, such an elastic system is integrally formed on the boat body using bolts or the like to constitute the slide plate support structure of the current collector. Here, instead of the steel cable 7 attached to the center point of the force of the spring 8, a chain may be attached and integrally formed.

Next, in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
Since the spring 8 which vibrates in between and supports it also vibrates, sometimes an impact force is applied to the steel cable 7 at its upper limit. This force is applied to the sliding plate 1a,
1b forcibly acts as a disturbance element to the next behavior, which not only worsens followability but also causes the steel cable 7 and spring 8 to
This will reduce the lifespan of the In order to prevent this, spacers 10 are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the spring 8, and soft buffer seats 9 made of rubber or the like are inserted into these spacers, and a steel cable 7 is passed through the center of these seats. The ends are fixed to the spacer 10 by brazing or the like,
These assemblies are fixed to the leaf spring body 2 and the slide plate pieces 1a, 1b in the upper part, and to the boat body 4 in the lower part by bolts and formed integrally to form the slide plate support structure of the current collector.

Next, the technical effectiveness of the slide plate support structure in such a stopper mechanism will be explained in detail. Now, the spring force (holding force) F of each slide plate small piece 1a, 1b given by the initial deflection δ of the spring 8 is F=
kδ, the vibration suppression acceleration α _s at this time is α _s = F/m
(m: the mass equivalent to the motion of the slider pieces 1a and 1b), and if other vibration acceleration α _t that occurs as the vehicle runs is smaller than this α _s , then the contact line 5
The small piece of the contact plate that is not in contact with the contact plate will not generate free vibration. As a concrete example, if we outline the currently used Shinkansen, the current speed V = 300 km/h
The main cause of vibration on the contact line 5 side is generally the vibration between the hangers, and the frequency f is approximately 17Hz (f =
V/H, H; hanger spacing approximately 5 m), and the average both amplitudes 2a are approximately 6 mm.

Assuming that the form of this acceleration is a sine wave, and finding the acceleration α _t on the excitation side, α _t = aω ² sinωt, and the maximum value is α _t
max=aω ² =a(2πf) ² Substituting the previous values from this to find the maximum acceleration α _t max, α _t max = 34.2 m/s ²
becomes. On the other hand, if we calculate the restraining acceleration α _s due to the initial force F of the spring 8, the static pressing force P ₀ =5.5Kgf, and if the initial force F is set to about 1/5 of this, F≒1Kgf.
The motion equivalent mass m of the slide plate pieces 1a and 1b is approximately m=
If the deterrent acceleration α _s is determined as 0.2Kg, α _s =50 m/s ² (α _s =F/m).

In other words, the maximum acceleration on the excitation side α _t max (=34.2
m/s ² )<suppressing acceleration α _s (=50 m/s ² ), so generation of free vibration can be sufficiently suppressed. Now, assuming that there is no initial holding force F, the natural frequency of the elastic system supporting the slide plate pieces 1a and 1b is determined by the mass, followability, and vibration of this part for the vibration frequency f = 17Hz on the excitation side. The frequency is approximately 20 to 30 Hz due to main factors such as the transmissibility, so it is close to the resonance region for the excitation frequency f = 17 Hz, so the small pieces of the slider plates 1a and 1b that are not in contact with the overhead contact line 5 induce large free vibrations. However, this becomes a problem because it overlaps with other vibrations and disturbs tracking performance. As mentioned above, although the present invention is an extremely simple invention, it is highly effective, and although it has been overlooked in the past as it was not invented as described, the present invention was applied to an actual prototype machine. I looked at it and reconfirmed its effectiveness.

Next, an unfavorable comparative case that is usually considered will be explained with reference to FIG. This proves that although the embodiment of the present invention is extremely simple, it is practical and highly useful.

In FIG. 5, similar to FIG. 3, a section corresponding to the cross section from A to A in FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown. An L-shaped hook 11 and an L-shaped hook 12 facing the upper hook 11 are fixed to both end surfaces of the lower boat body 4 with bolts or the like, and are integrally formed. The dimensions of the L-shaped bends of the hooks 11 and 12 (δ ₁ in the figure,
The length determined by the sum of δ ₂ ) is set so that the initial holding force F of the spring 8 is obtained. In such a structure, a large amount of space is required in order for the slider plate pieces 1a and 1b to make follow-up movements with the required stroke without being hindered during movements such as left and right tilting, front and back, and up and down directions. Therefore, the dimensions and shapes of the hooks 11 and 12 are much larger than those in the embodiment of the present invention.

This allows mass, airflow drag,
Microvibrations and the like increase, and furthermore, snow and ice adhere to the curved corners of the hooks 11 and 12, impeding the following movement, which is extremely problematic. In contrast, in the embodiments of the present invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a single steel cable 7 is disposed at the center of the spring 8, so that the follow-up movements of the slide plate pieces 1a and 1b in various directions are prevented. On the other hand, it requires almost no space, is lightweight, is unaffected by aerodynamics, does not attract snow or ice, is highly economical, and can achieve its purpose extremely effectively.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained in detail above, according to the current collector device according to the present invention, the free vibration of the pantograph-side sliding plate that moves in response to the contact line 5 when the plate is not in contact with the contact line 5 is suppressed. prevent the occurrence of
Since it does not overlap with other types of vibrations that occur during running, the followability is extremely smooth, and the structure achieves its purpose with extremely simple means such as the steel cables 7, and is able to move in each direction. However, since it does not require any flexing space, it has many features such as light weight, economy, reliability, and prevention of interference with aerodynamic characteristics, making it extremely useful in practice.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a plan view of essential parts of an embodiment of the current collector device according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a front view of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a view taken from arrows A to A in Figs. 1 and 2. 4 is a partial sectional view showing another embodiment of the stopper mechanism according to the present invention, FIG. 5 is a comparative sectional view showing an example of an unfavorable stopper mechanism, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are views of a conventional stopper mechanism. In the embodiment, FIG. 6 is a plan view of the boat body, and FIG. 7 is a front view of the main part of the boat body. 1a, 1b... small piece of slider plate, 1a', 1b'... slider plate, 2... leaf spring body, 3, 3'... auxiliary slider plate,
4, 4'... Boat body, 5... Contact line, 6... Connecting arm, 7... Steel cable, 8, 8'... Spring, 9... Buffer seat, 10... Spacing seat, 11, 12... ...futsuk,
13...Elastic connection member, 14...pin, 15...
Shunt, δ ₁ , δ ₂ ... L-shaped bend dimensions.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A current collector boat device comprising a slide plate 1, a leaf spring body 2, a spring 8 having a steel cable 7, and a boat body 4, wherein the slide plate 1 is composed of a large number of small pieces of the slide plate. 1a, 1b..., which are arranged adjacently in a line in the longitudinal direction of the boat body 4, and each of the slide plate pieces 1a, 1b... is attached to one of the adjacent end surfaces. A convex part 1 _AX ... and a concave part 1 _AY ... are formed on the other side, and the adjacent parts are linked by the convex part and the concave part. The small pieces 1a, 1b... are arranged in a row and fixed, and the spring 8 is made of a curved plate spring piece, and is given initial deflection by the steel cable 7. The body 4 has a leaf spring body 2 fixed thereon by a spring 8.The current collector boat device.