JPH0340779B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0340779B2 JPH0340779B2 JP15767684A JP15767684A JPH0340779B2 JP H0340779 B2 JPH0340779 B2 JP H0340779B2 JP 15767684 A JP15767684 A JP 15767684A JP 15767684 A JP15767684 A JP 15767684A JP H0340779 B2 JPH0340779 B2 JP H0340779B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- bentonite
- hole
- water
- drilled
- reaction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 15
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002265 redox agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は建設工事における岩石、岩盤の破砕、
既設コンクリート構造物の破砕、場所打コンクリ
ート杭の杭頭処理等に適用されるベントナイトに
よる静的破壊方法に係るものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention is applicable to crushing of rocks and bedrock in construction work,
This relates to a static fracture method using bentonite that is applied to crushing existing concrete structures, treating the head of cast-in-place concrete piles, etc.
（従来の技術）
従来、コンクリート材、岩石、岩盤等の脆性体
よりなる被破壊体を静的に破壊する方法として、
同被破壊体の削孔部に生石灰を主体とする膨脹剤
を挿入し、その水和反応による膨脹を利用して孔
壁を加圧し、被破壊体を破壊することが行なわれ
てきた。(Prior art) Conventionally, as a method for statically destroying objects made of brittle materials such as concrete, rocks, and bedrock,
It has been done to destroy the object by inserting an expansion agent mainly composed of quicklime into the drilled part of the object to be destroyed, and utilizing the expansion caused by the hydration reaction to pressurize the hole wall.
この反応は下記の反応式によつて表わされる。 This reaction is represented by the reaction formula below.
CaO＋H2O→Ca（OH）2＋15.5Kcal.
しかるにこの反応は急激に生起し、しかも大量
の熱を発生するので、生石灰に予め水を加えてス
ラリー状として削孔部に充填して利用することが
困難である。 CaO+H 2 O→Ca(OH) 2 +15.5Kcal. However, this reaction occurs rapidly and generates a large amount of heat, so it is used by adding water to quicklime in advance and making a slurry to fill the hole. It is difficult to do so.
このため従来、例えば特公昭48−6903号公報の
如く、生石灰を主体とする膨脹剤に各種の反応遅
延剤を混入して反応を制御することが行なわれて
きたが、膨脹反応自体も抑制され、その膨脹反応
を十分に利用できなかつた。 For this reason, in the past, as in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-6903, the reaction has been controlled by mixing various reaction retardants into an expansion agent mainly composed of quicklime, but the expansion reaction itself has also been suppressed. , the expansion reaction could not be fully utilized.
更にこの反応は前述の如く発熱反応であること
から、大量の蒸気を発生し、この蒸気が削孔部内
の膨脹剤自体を削孔部の孔口より押出したり、ま
たは噴出させることがあり、膨脹剤の膨脹圧を被
破壊体の破壊に有効に利用できなかつた。 Furthermore, since this reaction is an exothermic reaction as mentioned above, a large amount of steam is generated, and this steam may push out the expanding agent itself in the drilled part from the hole opening of the drilled part, or cause it to blow out. The expansion pressure of the agent could not be effectively used to destroy the object to be destroyed.
この膨脹剤を削孔部内に封入するためには、強
固なプラグで削孔部を封塞することが必要である
が、同プラグを急結モルタル等で作る場合には、
その固結を待つて膨脹を行なう必要があり、現実
には困難であつた。 In order to seal this expanding agent into the drilled hole, it is necessary to seal the drilled hole with a strong plug, but if the plug is made of quick setting mortar, etc.
It is necessary to wait for the solidification before inflating, which is difficult in reality.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
本発明は前記したような問題点、即ち反応遅延
剤の使用による膨脹剤の膨脹力の損失、及び膨脹
剤の、発熱反応時に発生する蒸気圧による膨脹剤
の押出しを防止するための削孔部の孔口閉塞作業
等の煩わしい作業を除去し、簡単な方法で経済的
に短時間で安全確実に被破壊体を破壊する方法を
提供することを目的とするものである。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, namely, the loss of expansion power of the expanding agent due to the use of a reaction retarder, and the expansion of the expanding agent due to the vapor pressure generated during the exothermic reaction of the expanding agent. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple, economical, short-term, safe and reliable method of destroying the object by eliminating the troublesome work of closing the hole in the drilled part to prevent extrusion of the material. It is something to do.
（問題点を解決する手段）
本発明は前記の目的を達成するために提案され
たもので、コンクリート、岩石、岩盤の如き脆性
体よりなる被破壊体の削孔部内に、ベントナイト
粉未が填装された少くとも一部が透水性を有する
材料からなる袋を挿入し、前記ベントナイトの削
孔部内に対する注加水の吸水による膨潤圧によつ
て前記被破壊体を破壊することを特徴とするもの
である。(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above-mentioned object. Bentonite powder is injected into the drilled part of a brittle body such as concrete, rock, or bedrock. A bag made of a water-permeable material is inserted into the bentonite, and the object to be destroyed is destroyed by swelling pressure caused by absorption of water injected into the bentonite hole. It is.
（作用）
本発明においては前記したように、ベントナイ
ト粉未が填装された少なくとも一部が透水性を有
する材料からなる袋を被破壊体の削孔部に挿入し
て、同削孔部内の注加水を前記袋の透水部から浸
入せしめて同袋内のベントナイトの主成分である
モンモリロナイトに吸収せしめることによつて同
モンモリロナイトを膨潤せしめるようにしたもの
である。このモンモリロナイトは周囲の拘束がな
いと、原体積の８〜10倍膨脹する。(Function) As described above, in the present invention, a bag filled with bentonite powder and at least partially made of a water-permeable material is inserted into a drilled part of the object to be destroyed, and the bag is filled with bentonite powder. The added water is allowed to enter through the water-permeable portion of the bag and absorbed by the montmorillonite, which is the main component of bentonite, in the bag, thereby causing the montmorillonite to swell. Without surrounding restraints, this montmorillonite expands 8 to 10 times its original volume.
而して前記モンモリロナイトの体積膨脹が削孔
部孔壁によつて拘束されるので、同孔壁に強大な
圧力が作用し、被破壊体が破壊される。 Since the volumetric expansion of the montmorillonite is restricted by the wall of the drilled hole, a great pressure is applied to the wall of the hole, and the object to be destroyed is destroyed.
なお自然界においても凝灰質泥岩や断層粘土中
にモンモリロナイトが多く含有されていると、雨
水、地下水の流入によりモンモリロナイトが吸
水、膨脹し、このため地すべりや地山の崩壊が発
生したり、トンネルの岩盤の膨圧作用が生起する
ことが知られている。 In the natural world, if tuffaceous mudstone or fault clay contains a large amount of montmorillonite, the montmorillonite absorbs water and expands due to the inflow of rainwater and groundwater, resulting in landslides and rock collapses, and damage to the rock formations of tunnels. It is known that a turgor effect occurs.
本発明に係るベントナイトによる静的破壊方法
は、このモンモリロナイトに関する知見を基に、
鋭意研究の結果、完成されたものである。 The static destruction method using bentonite according to the present invention is based on the knowledge regarding this montmorillonite.
It was completed as a result of intensive research.
（実施例） 以下本発明を図示の実施例について説明する。(Example) The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments.
１はコンクリートブロツクで、その予定破壊面
ａに沿つて削孔し、同各削孔部２にベントナイト
の膨潤に必要な水を注入し、ベントナイト３が填
装された水溶性の紙袋４を前記削孔部２に挿入す
る。 Reference numeral 1 designates a concrete block, in which holes are drilled along the planned fracture surface a, water necessary for swelling the bentonite is injected into each of the drilled holes 2, and a water-soluble paper bag 4 filled with bentonite 3 is placed in the Insert into the drilled hole part 2.
前記紙袋４の挿入後、約15〜30分経過すると水
溶性の紙袋４内のベントナイト３の主成分である
モンモリロナイトが紙袋４を浸透する削孔部２内
の水分を吸収して膨脹し、同削孔部２の孔壁に強
大な圧力を及ぼし、コンクリートブロツク１にク
ラツクを発生せしめる。 Approximately 15 to 30 minutes after the insertion of the paper bag 4, montmorillonite, which is the main component of the water-soluble bentonite 3 in the paper bag 4, absorbs moisture in the hole 2 penetrating the paper bag 4 and expands. Huge pressure is applied to the hole wall of the drilled part 2, causing cracks to occur in the concrete block 1.
なお削孔部２にベントナイト３が装填された紙
袋４を挿入したのち削孔部２に注水してもよく、
同削孔部２に前記紙袋４の挿入前、または挿入後
に加える水の量はベントナイト３が最大限膨潤す
るのに最も適した量とし、また袋は周囲の水を透
過し、内部のベントナイト３に容易に浸透でき、
更に同ベントナイト３の膨潤に応じて変形する
か、水に溶けること等により、ベントナイト３の
膨脹を妨げないものがよく、前記紙袋４の代りに
第７図及び第８図に示すように一部がネツト５ａ
に形成されたナイロン等の合成樹脂シート製袋５
を使用してもよい。 Note that water may be poured into the drilled hole 2 after inserting the paper bag 4 loaded with bentonite 3 into the drilled hole 2.
The amount of water added to the drilled hole 2 before or after inserting the paper bag 4 is the most suitable amount for the bentonite 3 to swell to the maximum extent, and the bag allows the surrounding water to permeate and the bentonite 3 inside. can be easily penetrated into
Furthermore, it is preferable to use a material that does not hinder the expansion of the bentonite 3 by deforming as the bentonite 3 swells or by dissolving in water. ganet 5a
Synthetic resin sheet bag made of nylon etc. 5
may be used.
前記ベントナイトには大きな膨脹性があり、膨
潤時における削孔部２の孔壁に対する押圧力が大
で、削孔部２の孔口からベントナイト３自体が押
出されることは少ないが、ベントナイト３の膨
潤、膨脹力を更に有効に、削孔部２の孔壁に垂直
方向に伝達するために、前記袋４の上下に円板状
の拘束体６，６を配設し、同両拘束体６，６を鉄
線７または細径ロツド８及びナツト９で連結する
こともできる。（第３図及び第４図参照）
更にまたベントナイト金属酸化還元剤等、単位
重量当りの発熱量が高い材料を併用して、より破
壊効果を向上することができる。 The bentonite has a large expansion property, and when it swells, the pressing force against the hole wall of the drilled part 2 is large, and the bentonite 3 itself is rarely extruded from the hole opening of the drilled part 2. In order to more effectively transmit the swelling and expansion force in the perpendicular direction to the hole wall of the hole drilling section 2, disk-shaped restraining bodies 6, 6 are disposed above and below the bag 4, and both restraining bodies 6 are disposed above and below the bag 4. , 6 can also be connected by iron wire 7 or small diameter rod 8 and nut 9. (See Figures 3 and 4) Furthermore, the destruction effect can be further improved by using a material with a high calorific value per unit weight, such as a bentonite metal redox agent.
装薬方法としては、先ず金属酸化還元剤１０及
び着火薬１１、抵抗発熱体１２をセツトした薄肉
容器１３を削孔部２の奥部に挿入するとともに、
抵抗発熱体１２をリード線１４を介して点火機１
５に接続する。次いで前記実施例と同様にベント
ナイト３の装填された布袋１６を挿入する。 As for the charging method, first, the thin container 13 containing the metal redox agent 10, the igniter 11, and the resistance heating element 12 is inserted into the deep part of the drilled hole 2.
The resistance heating element 12 is connected to the igniter 1 via the lead wire 14.
Connect to 5. Next, the cloth bag 16 loaded with bentonite 3 is inserted in the same manner as in the previous embodiment.
しかるのち金属酸化還元剤１０に着火すると、
ベントナイト３に含まれた水分は蒸気と化し、そ
の蒸気圧がベントナイト３の膨潤膨脹圧と共に作
用してコンクリートブロツク１を破砕するのに十
分なエネルギが発生する。 After that, when the metal redox agent 10 is ignited,
The water contained in the bentonite 3 turns into steam, and the steam pressure acts together with the swelling pressure of the bentonite 3 to generate enough energy to crush the concrete block 1.
この際、加水されたベントナイト３は削孔部２
内において体積膨脹圧を生起せしめるとともに、
前記削孔部２のプラグとして作用し、前記蒸気圧
をコンクリートブロツク１に有効に作用させるも
のである。（第５図参照）
（発明の効果）
本発明においてはこのように、被破壊体の削孔
部に挿入された少くとも一部が透水性を有する材
料からなる袋に填装されたベントナイトの主成分
のモンモリロナイトに前記削孔部内の水分を吸収
させて膨潤膨脹せしめることによつて、被破壊体
を破壊するようにしたものであつて、生石灰、ド
ロマイトの如きものの水和反応である化学反応を
利用したものでないので、反応遅延剤を併用する
必要がなく、膨脹反応を十分有効に利用できる。 At this time, the hydrated bentonite 3 is
while generating volumetric expansion pressure within the
It acts as a plug for the drilled hole 2 and allows the steam pressure to effectively act on the concrete block 1. (See Figure 5) (Effects of the Invention) In the present invention, as described above, bentonite packed in a bag made of a material having at least a part of water permeability is inserted into a drilled part of an object to be destroyed. The main component, montmorillonite, absorbs water in the borehole and swells, thereby destroying the object to be destroyed.It is a chemical that is a hydration reaction of quicklime, dolomite, etc. Since it does not utilize a reaction, there is no need to use a reaction retardant, and the expansion reaction can be used effectively.
また本発明の破壊方法はベントナイト中のモン
モリロナイトの膨潤、膨脹作用という物理的作用
を利用する方法であるので、発熱反応を伴なわ
ず、水蒸気の噴出に対する対策が不要である。 Furthermore, since the destruction method of the present invention utilizes the physical action of swelling and expansion of montmorillonite in bentonite, it does not involve an exothermic reaction and does not require any measures against the eruption of water vapor.
従つて本発明によれば簡単な材料によつて経済
的に、簡単且つ確実に被破壊体の破壊作業が遂行
しうるものである。 Therefore, according to the present invention, the work of destroying objects to be destroyed can be carried out economically, simply and reliably using simple materials.
第１図は本発明に係るベントナイトによる静的
破壊方法の一実施例の実施状況を示す縦断面図、
第２図はその斜面図、第３図及び第４図並に第５
図は夫々本発明の方法の他の各実施例の実施状況
を示す縦断面図、第６図乃至第８図は夫々ベント
ナイトが装填される袋の斜面図である。
１……コンクリートブロツク、２……削孔部、
３……ベントナイト、４……紙袋、５……合成樹
脂シート製袋、５ａ……ネツト。
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the implementation status of one embodiment of the static destruction method using bentonite according to the present invention;
Figure 2 is its slope view, Figures 3 and 4, and Figure 5.
The figures are longitudinal cross-sectional views showing other embodiments of the method of the present invention, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are perspective views of bags loaded with bentonite. 1...Concrete block, 2...Drilling part,
3...bentonite, 4...paper bag, 5...synthetic resin sheet bag, 5a...net.
Claims (1)
なる被破壊体の削孔部内に、ベントナイト粉未が
填装された少くとも一部が透水性を有する材料か
らなる袋を挿入し、前記ベントナイトの削孔部内
に対する注加水の吸水による膨潤圧によつて前記
被破壊体を破壊することを特徴とするベントナイ
トによる静的破壊方法。1. Insert a bag made of a material that is at least partially water permeable and filled with bentonite powder into a hole drilled in a brittle body such as concrete, rock, or bedrock, and drill the bentonite. A static destruction method using bentonite, characterized in that the object to be destroyed is destroyed by swelling pressure due to absorption of water injected into the hole.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15767684A JPS6136463A (en) | 1984-07-30 | 1984-07-30 | Static destruction by bentonite |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15767684A JPS6136463A (en) | 1984-07-30 | 1984-07-30 | Static destruction by bentonite |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6136463A JPS6136463A (en) | 1986-02-21 |
| JPH0340779B2 true JPH0340779B2 (en) | 1991-06-20 |
Family
ID=15654944
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15767684A Granted JPS6136463A (en) | 1984-07-30 | 1984-07-30 | Static destruction by bentonite |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6136463A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0497526A3 (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1992-10-14 | Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. | Method for making a powder coating |
| JP3060398B2 (en) | 1994-08-08 | 2000-07-10 | ホソカワミクロン株式会社 | Fine grinding equipment |
| JP2007038086A (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-15 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Static crushing method |
| JP3895355B2 (en) * | 2005-08-23 | 2007-03-22 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Adhesion hanging method |
| JP6423690B2 (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2018-11-14 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Dismantling method |
-
1984
- 1984-07-30 JP JP15767684A patent/JPS6136463A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6136463A (en) | 1986-02-21 |
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