JPH0344436Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Field of application] The present invention relates to a fixing device for a work holding plate used in labor-saving machines or machine tools, etc., and is particularly applicable to a type that is attached to a straight rail via a direct-acting rolling guide mechanism. This invention relates to a fixing device for a work holding plate.

[Prior art and its problems] In labor-saving machines and machine tools, the workpiece holding plate is usually movably supported by a plurality of guide shafts G, G, as shown in Fig. 17, and the workpiece holding plate is driven. The mechanism is a feed screw 4 as shown in the same figure.
A method using The workpiece mounted on the workpiece holding plate is processed when the drive mechanism moves or when the drive mechanism stops.

However, recently, the rail system has become popular as a support structure for the workpiece holding plate of this type of machine tool, etc., and a
A linear motion rolling guide mechanism (hereinafter simply referred to as guide mechanism 2) as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 14 is interposed.

This guide mechanism 2 has a plurality of loop-shaped ball grooves in the main body 21 for mounting the workpiece holding plate 3, a large number of balls are arranged in the ball groove, and a large number of balls are exposed from one section of the ball groove. The main body 21 and the rail 1 are brought into rolling contact via these balls, and the main body 21 moves linearly along the rail 1 in this rolling contact state. It is something to do.

The movement resistance of this guide mechanism 2 is much smaller than that of the conventional linear movement system using sliding contact.
Because it can be moved with light force, it is widely used in NC machine tools, etc., and is used in the manner shown in Figures 15 and 16.

That is, a workpiece holding board 3 is supported by a plurality of guide mechanisms 2, 2 paired with a pair of rails 1, 1, and a feed screw 4 provided parallel to the rails 1 and this workpiece holding board 3 are connected by a ball screw type. Natsu 41
In this embodiment, the feed screw 4 is rotated by a pulse motor 42.

In this device, the pulse motor 42 rotates forward and backward in response to signals input from the control system, and the work holding plate 3 is reciprocated by a predetermined amount by a driving means consisting of the pulse motor and the feed screw mechanism. Alternatively, the workpiece W is stopped at a predetermined position, and machining by the tool K proceeds while the workpiece W is in a moving state or in a stopped state.

Since the movement resistance of the guide mechanism 2 and the resistance of the thread pair of the feed mechanism are set to be extremely low due to the above configuration, the driving force of the pulse motor 42 is efficiently applied to the movement force of the workpiece holding plate 3, that is, the workpiece It is converted into a movement force of W. Therefore, machining in the moving state proceeds smoothly.

On the other hand, when the workpiece holding plate 3 is stopped, only the tool K rotates and machining progresses. The machining force by the tool K at this time acts to move the work W and the work holding plate 3 in the horizontal direction, and this acting force acts on the pulse motor 42 via the feed screw mechanism. That is, the workpiece holding plate 3 is held in a stopped state by the electromagnetic holding force of the pulse motor 42 and the resistance of the feed screw mechanism.

However, as mentioned above, since the movement resistance of the guide mechanism 2 is extremely low and the resistance of the ball screw type feed screw mechanism is also low, when the machining force is large, or the direction of the machining force and the resistance to it are If the weak directions of the workpiece holding plate 3 coincide with each other, the respective resistance forces may be unable to resist the acting force applied to the workpiece holding plate 3 and move, and this movement causes a decrease in machining accuracy.

In order to prevent such movement, it is possible to employ a known clamping device as shown in FIG. 16, which makes it possible to prevent the table from moving during processing when the workpiece holding plate 3 is in a stopped state.

This clamping device includes a clamping arm 50
is provided on the work holding plate 3, and is operated by a cylinder device (specifically, a hydraulic cylinder A) that advances and retreats a piston by supplying and exhausting fluid pressure, and the tip of the arm 50 is fixed separately from the rail 1. It is made to come into pressure contact with the contact piece C of part B.

However, although this method achieves the effect of preventing the workpiece holding board from moving when it is stopped, it requires a separate abutment piece C for fixing the workholding board, which complicates the structure of the workholding board. Additionally, there is the inconvenience that a work holding plate of a special configuration must be prepared to match the clamping device.

This is because the clamp device built into the work holding board is controlled and fixed in relation to the abutment piece C provided separately from the rail 1.

[Technical Problem] The present invention is as follows: A plurality of parallel linear motion rolling guide mechanisms 2, 2 are provided in the same posture on each of a pair of mutually parallel rails 1, 1, and are coupled to each other.
The top surface of this guide mechanism is located on one plane,
The top surface of each of the guide mechanisms is connected to the work holding plate 3.
The work holding board is moved forward and backward along the rail or stopped by a driving means, and a movable piece that moves toward and away from the fixed part B arranged along the moving area of the work holding board and drives this. In the fixing device for a work holding plate in a machine tool of the type in which the work holding plate is equipped with a fixing function section consisting of a cylinder device for
The object of the present invention is to enable the work holding plate to be locked in a movement-preventing state when the work holding plate is stopped while maintaining the relationship with the work holding plate.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The technical means of the present invention taken to solve the above problems are as follows: The fixed function part is the clamp device 5, and the main body 51 of the clamp device 5 is placed on the rail 1 in a paired state. The top surface of the device main body 51 is made to substantially match the top surface of the main body 21 of the guide mechanism 2, a cylinder device and a plurality of movable pieces interlocked therewith are built into the device main body 51, and the movable pieces are connected to the rails. 1
The output ends of these movable pieces are configured to clamp or release the rail 1 according to the output of the cylinder device, and the output ends of the movable pieces are arranged symmetrically with respect to the guide mechanism 2 of the rail 1. The top surfaces of the main bodies 21 of the guide mechanisms 2 and 2 and the device main body 51 of the clamping device are attached to the back surface of the workpiece holding plate 3, and the sliding friction reducing balls of The operation timing of the cylinder device was set so that the movable piece was in a rail-clamping state when the holding plate was stopped.
That's true.

[Operation] The above technical means of the present invention operates as follows.

In order to support the workpiece holding board 3 in a movable manner, a plurality of mutually parallel rails 1, 1 are provided at predetermined positions, and on the other hand, the workpiece holding board 3 is provided with a guide mechanism 2 and a clamping device 5 on its back surface. A predetermined number of rails are installed at predetermined positions according to the rail.

When the assembly consisting of the work holding plate 3, the guide mechanism 2 and the clamp device 5 is assembled so that the guide mechanism and the clamp device are both fitted onto the rail 1, the work holding plate 3 advances to the rail 1 and is assembled in a paired state. It can be done. Here, the rails 1, 1 are arranged on one plane, and the top surfaces of the guide mechanisms 2, 2 and the clamp device 5 that fit thereon also become planes parallel to the plane. Therefore, the rail 1 and
1, the guide mechanism 2, and the clamp device 5 have a proper relationship.

As described above, when each driving means (for example, a combination of a pulse motor and a feed screw mechanism) is linked to the work holding board 3 paired with the rails 1, 1, the work holding board 3 moves to the rail according to the operation of the driving means. 1,
1, and when stopped, the piston 52 is placed in an operating state or a non-operating state, and the rail clamping means consisting of a plurality of movable pieces clamps the rail 1 at symmetrical positions, and this clamping force holds the workpiece. The board 3 is fixed at the stop position.

[Effects] Since the present invention has the above configuration, it has the following unique effects.

Since the rail directly serves as a pair of the clamping device, there is no need to provide a separate abutment piece C for the clamping device as in the conventional case.

In addition, the clamping device 5 operates independently on the rail 1, and the workpiece can be held by simply attaching the clamping device to the back of the workpiece holding board, which is conventionally configured to mount a guide mechanism. The panel 3 is provided with a control fixing function.

In addition, since the top surface of the main body 51 of the clamp device and the top surface of the guide mechanism 2 are matched, the clamp device 5 can be simply installed on the same plane or parallel to the surface on which the guide mechanism 2 of the work holding plate 3 is installed. , the relative positions of the guide mechanism 2 and the clamp device 5 can be optimized. Therefore, it is possible to prevent inconveniences due to inappropriate relative positions, that is, inconveniences in which the reaction force of the acting force when the clamping device 5 operates affects the fixing position or posture of the workpiece holding plate 3. In particular, since the movable pieces that clamp the rail are positioned symmetrically with respect to the rail, the rail pressing forces from these movable pieces cancel each other out, further improving the above effect.

Furthermore, since the rail clamping part of the clamping device contacts the rail at a position away from the part where the ball of the guide mechanism contacts, the fitting between the guide mechanism and the rail is caused by repeated operations of the clamping device. Inconveniences such as decreased accuracy can be resolved.
That is, there is no fear that the ball contacting portion will be damaged.

[Examples] Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 12 and 18.

The device of the first embodiment has basically the same overall configuration as the devices of FIGS. 15 and 17, but
As shown in FIG. 4, a clamp device 5 is provided between a pair of guide mechanisms 2, 2 attached to the lower surface of the workpiece holding plate 3. This clamping device is loosely fitted into the rail 1 in a mating state as shown in FIG. 18, with its top surface attached and fixed to the lower surface of the workpiece holding plate 3.

The clamp device is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 and 1.
As shown in Fig. 8, it is movably fitted into a rail 1 having a substantially rectangular cross section, and the cross section of this rail consists of a head 12 having an inverted trapezoidal shape and a base 13 continuing below the head 12. .

The clamping device 5 has a structure in which a piston 52 is housed in a square block-shaped device main body 51 so as to be able to move up and down.The diameter of the piston 52 is set larger than the width of the rail 1 so that it straddles the rail insertion portion. It is set up. At the lower part of the piston 52 and at the lower part of the main body 51 of the device, there is provided a notched groove portion which has a cross-sectional shape substantially matching the cross-sectional shape of the head of the rail 1 and which opens downward. The head 12 of the rail 1 fits into the groove, and the clamp device 5 and the rail 1 are loosely fitted and paired.

Further, in this guide mechanism 5, a piston 52 having an overall shape as shown in FIG.
The lower part of the side wall of the notch of this piston is the cam part 54,
54, and as shown in FIG.
to face.

This actuator 61 is connected to inner edges 62, 6 of a pair of bottom plates 6, 6 attached to the lower surface of the device main body 51 in order to house and hold the piston 52 in the cylinder 53.
It is formed as an extension from the middle part of the rail 1, and is formed in the shape shown in FIG. There is.

Further, a sealed chamber 55 is formed above the piston 52, and pressurized air is inserted or discharged at a predetermined timing from a port 56 that opens into this sealed chamber. A spring 57 is interposed between the piston 52 and the piston 52 to constantly urge the piston 52 upward.

The biasing force of these two springs 57, 57 is set in advance to a predetermined strength, and the piston 52 is lifted by these springs when no pressurized air is supplied into the sealed chamber 55. This lifting force causes the cam portion 54 to press the actuator 61 against the inclined side wall 14 of the rail 1, and this frictional force fixes the device main body 51 to the rail 1.

Conversely, pressurized air from port 56 enters sealed chamber 55.
When the piston 52 is supplied into the springs 57, 57
The cam portion 54 and the actuator 61 are moved down by this pressure against the urging force of
Stay away from 4. Therefore, the clamp device 5 and the rail 1 are free from each other.

In this embodiment, the combination of the cylinder 53 in the device main body 51 and the piston 52 accommodated therein functions as the cylinder device described above, and the actuator 61 is a movable piece driven by this cylinder device. Become.

When pressurized air is supplied into the sealed chamber 55, the actuator 61 as the clamping piece,
61 is opened and pressurized air is discharged from the sealed chamber 55, or when the inside of the sealed chamber 55 is in a low pressure state, the actuators 61, 61 are in a state where they sandwich the rails at symmetrical positions, and this cylinder device and the pair The workpiece holding plate 3 to which the clamping device 5 having the movable piece is attached is maintained in a fixed state in the above-mentioned state.

Further, the timing of supplying and discharging the pressurized air is controlled by the control device C shown in FIG. 4 and is related to the rotational operation of the pulse motor 42, and only while the pulse motor 42 is rotating, Pressurized air is supplied from a pressure source. Therefore, only when the workpiece holding plate 3 stops, the clamping device 5 automatically enters the output state and a force for fixing the workpiece holding plate 3 is generated.

The operation of the clamping device 5 can be controlled by connecting a control signal to the pulse motor 42 to the port 56, in addition to detecting the stopped state of the pulse motor 42 and controlling based on the detected output. Input it to the control device C of the pressure air supply circuit,
It is also possible to adopt a method in which the pulse motor 42 and the clamp device 5 are synchronously controlled by one control signal.

In this case, the supply of pressurized air is stopped by a control signal for stopping the pulse motor 42, and the inside of the sealed chamber 55 is opened. This eliminates the misalignment in operation between the pulse motor 42 and the clamp device 5.

The above-mentioned clamp device 5 includes an actuator 6
1 and 61 are located at symmetrical positions with respect to the rail 1, and in their output state, these actuators sandwich the symmetrical positions of the sides of the rail 1, so that the above-mentioned acting force canceling effect occurs. Further, the external force applied to the piston 52 is also canceled out within the main body 51 of the device. Therefore, an external force that is unnecessary for the clamping device 5 acts on the workpiece holding plate 3, and the workpiece holding plate 3
This will prevent inconveniences such as displacement.

Next, in the second embodiment, a clamping device 5 having the configuration shown in FIGS. These and work holding board 3
The relationship between the two is configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment described above.

On the other hand, the clamping device 5 is similar to the clamping device 5 of the first embodiment, in which a groove 10 having a cross section matching the cross section of the head of the rail 1 is formed on the lower surface of the device main body 51. A piston 52 is housed in a cylinder 53 formed at the top of the cylinder.

A pair of legs 58 are provided on the lower surface of the piston 52,
58 are provided, these leg portions are located on opposite sides of the groove, and the lower ends of the leg portions 58 cam pair with opposite ends of a pair of movable pins 7, 7 provided along the groove.

The pair of movable pins 7, 7 are provided symmetrically on both sides of the groove 10, as shown in FIG. It is arranged symmetrically with respect to the leg part 58, and the inner opposing end is mated with the cam parts 59, 59 provided at the lower end of the leg part 58, and the side part 71 of this opposing end is exposed to the side wall of the groove part 10. are doing. Therefore, when the device main body 51 of the clamp device 5 is fitted to the rail 1, the side portions 71,
71 faces the side wall of the rail 1.

The movable pins 7, 7 and the cam part 59 are paired as shown in FIG. A pair of movable pins 7, 7 are urged in opposing advancing directions.

A sealed chamber 55 is provided above the piston 52, and pressurized air is supplied to or discharged from a port 56 at the same timing as in the first embodiment.

Therefore, when the pulse motor 42 is rotating, the inside of the sealed chamber 55 is under pressure and the piston 52 is in a pressurized state.
is descending, and at this time each movable pin 7 is retracted as shown in FIG.
The end side portion of the movable pin 7 is in a state away from the side wall of the rail 1.

Next, when the pulse motor 52 stops and the inside of the sealed chamber 55 is brought into a non-pressurized state by the output of the control device C, the cam part 59 separates from the opposing ends of the movable pins 7, 7, and the movable pin is advanced by the spring 72, and its tip side is brought into pressure contact with the side wall of the rail 1, and the work holding plate 3 to which the clamping device 5 is attached is fixed by the frictional force of this portion.

Therefore, in the case of this second embodiment, the movable pins 7, 7 function as the movable pieces in the section of means described above, and the function as a whole is the same as in the first embodiment,
It has a similar effect.

In the clamping device 5 of this embodiment, the tips of the movable pins 7, 7 are symmetrically wedged against the rail 1, so that the force for fixing the work holding plate 3 in the output state of the clamping device 5 is large.

Moreover, in the case of the clamp device 5 of this embodiment,
Since the legs 58, 58 of the piston 52 and the main body 51 of the device are in a fitted state, the main body of the piston 52 can operate smoothly even if the main body is flat.

In each of the above clamp devices, when the sealed chamber 55 is in a pressurized state, this clamp device is in a non-operating state, and conversely, in a non-pressurized state, it is in an operating state, but this relationship is reversed. It is also possible to do this, and in this case, the relationship between the cam pair and the pair can be reversed.

For example, in the clamp device of the first embodiment, the cam portion 54 that contacts the actuator 61 may be formed into a downward slope as shown in FIG.

Furthermore, it is also possible to perform both the reciprocating motion of the piston 52 using air pressure, and in this case,
The spring 57 for reciprocating the piston 52 becomes unnecessary.

Next, when the rail 1 has a circular cross section and employs a cylindrical guide mechanism, it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the clamping device 5 shown in FIGS. 10 to 12 is attached to the workpiece holding plate 3.

In this clamping device, the rail 1 passes through the center of the device main body 51, and a piston 52 and a pair of swinging units linked to the piston 52 are installed at symmetrical positions on both sides of the device main body 51 with the rail 1 in between. An operating mechanism consisting of a combination of pieces 8, 8 is provided.
In this operating mechanism, the free ends of the swinging pieces 8, 8 are positively interlocked with the output shaft 50 of the piston 52, so that the swinging pieces 8, 8 swing in symmetrical directions as the piston 52 advances and retreats. By the forward movement of the piston 52, the output ends 83, 83 near the fulcrum of the swinging pieces 8, 8 are brought into pressure contact with the side of the rail 1,
Conversely, this backward movement of the piston causes the output end to move away from the rail 1.

For this reason, the pair of pistons 52, 52 are connected to cylinders 53, 53 disposed across the rail 1.
The output shaft 50 of this piston faces the rail 1 with the rail 1 in between, as shown in FIG. 10. In order to positively interlock the output shaft 50 and the free ends 82, 82 of the swinging pieces 8, 8, the output shaft 50
The disk-shaped free end portions 82, 82 are fitted into a pair of upper and lower engaging grooves N, N formed at the tip portion of the disk.

In this case as well, the piston 52 is caused to reciprocate depending on whether pressurized air is supplied to or discharged from the cylinder 53, and the clamp device operates accordingly. In this case, the thickness of the device main body 51 may be set to a predetermined dimension.

In any of the above cases, the clamp device 5 is provided separately from the guide mechanism 2, but the clamp device 5
It is also possible to integrate and connect the guide mechanism 2 and the guide mechanism 2, and in this case, it becomes even more convenient.

It goes without saying that in the above-mentioned clamping device 5, a type operated by a hydraulic power source can be adopted as the pressure type drive means.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a clamp device 5 used in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a central vertical cross-sectional view thereof.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the relationship between the piston 52 and actuator 61 built therein, FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the moving device using this, and FIG. 18 is in this case. 5 is a cutaway plan view of the clamp device 5 used in the second embodiment, FIG. 6 is a sectional view thereof, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the piston. 8 is a cross-sectional view, FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a modified example of the cam pair relationship, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another modified example of the clamping device 5, and FIG. 12
The figure is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the shaft portion and the swinging piece 8.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 14 are explanatory diagrams of a linear motion rolling guide mechanism, Fig. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a feeding device using this guide mechanism, Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional example, and Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional general example. It is an explanatory diagram of the feeding structure of a moving table, and in the figure, 1...Rail, 2...Guide mechanism, 3...Work holding plate, 5...Clamp device, 51...Device main body, 7...Movable pin, 8... Rocking piece, 4... Feed screw, 21... Main body, B... Fixed part.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A plurality of linear motion rolling guide mechanisms 2, which are coupled to each other and extend along each of a pair of parallel rails 1, 1.
2 are provided in the same posture, the top surfaces of the guide mechanisms are positioned on one plane, the top surfaces of each of the guide mechanisms are attached to the back surface of the workpiece holding board 3, and the workpiece holding board is moved to the rail by a driving means. The workpiece holding board has a fixed function part that moves forward and backward or stops along the movement range of the workpiece holding board, and includes a movable piece that approaches and separates from the fixed part B disposed along the movement range of the workpiece holding board, and a cylinder device that drives the movable piece. In the type of fixing device for a work holding plate in a machine tool, the fixing function part is a clamp device 5, and the device main body 51 of the clamp device 5 is loosely fitted into the rail 1 in a mating state, and the device main body 51 is The top surface is made to substantially match the top surface of the main body 21 of the guide mechanism 2, a cylinder device and a plurality of movable pieces interlocked therewith are built into the device main body 51, and the movable pieces are arranged symmetrically with respect to the rail 1. At the same time, the output ends of these movable pieces are configured to clamp or release the rail 1 according to the output of the cylinder device, and the output ends of the movable pieces are connected to the sliding friction reducing balls in the guide mechanism 2 of the rail 1. The top surfaces of the main bodies 21 of the guide mechanisms 2, 2 and the device main body 51 of the clamp device are attached to the back surface of the workpiece holding board 3, so that the top surfaces of the main bodies 21 of the guide mechanisms 2, 2 and the device main body 51 of the clamping device are attached to the back surface of the workpiece holding board 3, and when the workpiece holding board is stopped, the A fixing device for a work holding plate in a machine tool, wherein the operation timing of the cylinder device is set so that the movable piece is in a rail-clamping state.