JPH0344572B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0344572B2
JPH0344572B2 JP59214896A JP21489684A JPH0344572B2 JP H0344572 B2 JPH0344572 B2 JP H0344572B2 JP 59214896 A JP59214896 A JP 59214896A JP 21489684 A JP21489684 A JP 21489684A JP H0344572 B2 JPH0344572 B2 JP H0344572B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
film
stretching
temperature
polyester
present
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59214896A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6189826A (en
Inventor
Tsugio Nagasawa
Kunio Murakami
Tadashi Shudo
Teijiro Arai
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Unitika Ltd
Original Assignee
Unitika Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unitika Ltd filed Critical Unitika Ltd
Priority to JP21489684A priority Critical patent/JPS6189826A/en
Publication of JPS6189826A publication Critical patent/JPS6189826A/en
Publication of JPH0344572B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0344572B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
  • Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

(産業上の利用分野) 本発明は優れた電気特性を有する共重合ポリエ
ステルフイルムに関するものである。さらに詳し
くは未延伸成膜が容易でかつ延伸性が良好で、し
かもフイルムの電気絶縁性を高温度まで保持する
ことのできる共重合ポリエステルフイルムであ
る。 (従来の技術) ポリエステルフイルム中でもポリエチレンテレ
フタレートフイルムは、その良好な電気特性や機
械特性を有するためにコンデンサーをはじめとす
る各種の電気用途に用いられている。しかしなが
らポリエチレンテレフタレートの電気特性と言え
ども十分ではなく、優れた電気絶縁性を高温度域
まで保持することは出来ず、ポリエチレンテレフ
タレートのガラス転移温度を越えると急速に低下
する。 従来、高分子フイルムの電気特性やその温度特
性を大きく変える場合には、フイルムを構成する
高分子材料を変えることによつて実現することが
多い。例えばポリエチレンテレフタレートよりも
優れた耐熱性を有する材料として、ポリエチレン
ナフタレート,ポリカーボネート,ポリスルホン
等が挙げられこの順序で材料の耐熱性ランクは上
がるがそれとともに未延伸成形温度も高くなり、
できた未延伸フイルムの延伸は非常に困難となり
ついには不可能に近くなる。またポリエチレンナ
フタレート以外は結晶性に乏しく、たとえわずか
に延伸が可能であつても延伸後の熱セツト効果が
わずかで寸法安定性の劣つたものとなる。 さらにこれらの材料から成る延伸フイルムの電
気絶縁性の温度特性は未延伸フイルムとほとんど
変わらない。 本発明に類似するものには、特公昭47−24249
号公報,特開昭51−31774号,特開昭57−121619
号公報がある。特公昭47−24249号公報はポリエ
チレンテレフタレートの耐光性を改良するために
ポリエステルにポリアリレートを0.1〜20wt%の
割合で添加するのであるが、本文中にも明らかな
ようにポリエチレンテレフタレートとポリアリレ
ートが解重合してポリエチレンテレフタレートの
融点を下げないようにする記載があることより、
本発明のようなエステル交換による共重合化を意
図するものではない。特開昭51−31774号公報は
ポリエステルマツトフイルムの製造方法に関する
ものでポリエステルに7〜35wt%のポリアリレ
ートを添加した混合物を特定温度域で延伸し、い
ずれも明らかに2種ポリマーの単純混合体から成
るフイルム製造方法である。特開昭57−121619号
公報はポリエステル繊維とその製造方法であり、
ポリエチレンテレフタレートとポリアリレートは
不均一相を形成させることが特許請求の範囲に記
載されその目的も弾性率の改良である。 以上のようにこれら3件の発明はその目的を全
く本発明と異にするものであり、用いているポリ
マーもポリエステルとポリアリレートとの単純ブ
レンドで両者が共重合体を形成していないことが
基本条件となつていて、本発明で用いる共重合体
とは全く異なる物質である。 (発明が解決しようとする問題点) 我々は未延伸成膜それに続く延伸が容易で熱セ
ツト効果のあるしかも電気絶縁性が高温まで良好
なフイルムを得るべく鋭意努力した結果本発明に
到達した。すなわち本発明はテレフタル酸,イソ
フタール酸,二価のフエノール性化合物および炭
素数4以下のグリコール化合物を必須成分とし、
融点248℃以下230℃以上の共重合体ポリエステル
を二軸方向に延伸して得られる体積抵抗率の温度
屈曲点が100℃以上200℃以下の共重合ポリエステ
ルフイルムである。本発明によれば未延伸成膜は
比較的低温で容易であり、延伸工程も安定してお
りセツト効果も有り、しかも電気絶縁性が高温度
まで優れたフイルムを得ることができる。 さらに本発明で強調すべき事柄は上記した共重
合ポリエステルから成る未延伸フイルムの電気絶
縁性の温度特性が延伸により著しく改善されるこ
とである。すなわち図1に示すように延伸するこ
とにより電気抵抗率の温度特性の屈曲点が高温に
大きくシフトするのである。このようなポリマー
は我々の知る限り他に見受けられない。延伸によ
りどのような構造変化が発生し、このような電気
絶縁性の改良がなされるのかその理論は明らかで
ないが、いずれにしても上述した共重合ポリエス
テルを延伸することにより電気絶縁性の温度特性
が大幅に改良される事実を見出し本発明に到達し
たのである。 (問題点を解決するための手段) 本発明に用いるテレフタル酸,イソフタル酸,
二価のフエノール性化合物および炭素数4以下の
グリコール化合物を必須成分とし、融点248℃以
下230℃以上の共重合ポリエステルは、テレフタ
ル酸,イソフタル酸および二価のフエノール性化
合物から成るポリアリレートとテレフタル酸およ
び炭素数4以下のグリコール化合物より成る線状
ポリエステルとのエステル交換法により得られ
る。 このエステル交換の際、酢酸ソーダ等の触媒を
樹脂混合物に対し0.03〜0.1wt%程度添加して250
〜290℃に加熱し混合する。共重合ポリエステル
を得る方法は上記のような2種のポリマーからス
タートする方法に限らないが、上記方法が比較的
容易に実施できる。また二価のフエノール性化合
物としては2,2−(4,4′−ジヒドロキシジフ
エニル)プロパンが代表的であるが、4,4′−ジ
ヒドロキシジフエニルメタン,1,1−(4,
4′−ジヒドロキシジフエニル)エタン,1,1−
(4,4′−ジヒドロキシジフエニル)ブタン,4,
4′−ジヒドロキシジフエニルエーテル,4,4′−
ジヒドロキシジフエニルスルホン等が挙げられ
る。炭素数4個以下のグリコール化合物として
は、エチレングリコール,プロピレングリコー
ル,テトラメチレングリコール等がある。 二軸延伸方法としては逐次二軸延伸法,同時二
軸延伸法いずれでも良く、通常共重合ポリエステ
ルのTg以上Tg+40℃以下の延伸温度で縦横二方
向にそれぞれ2.5倍以上4倍以下の程度に延伸し、
Tm以下Tm−40℃以上程度のセツト温度で熱処
理される。 (作 用) 本発明においてテレフタル酸,イソフタル酸,
二価のフエノール性化合物および炭素数4以下の
グリコール化合物を必須成分とする共重合ポリエ
ステルの融点が248℃を越えると、延伸による電
気絶縁性の改良が十分でない。すなわち図1の電
気抵抗率の温度特性における屈曲点が延伸後も未
延伸のそれと大差ないのである。一方共重合ポリ
エステルの融点が230℃を下まわると共重合組成
が多すぎる為延伸性が不良となる。このように本
発明に用いる共重合ポリエステルは、その融点が
248℃以下230℃以上の場合のみ未延伸成膜,延
伸,セツトを良好に実施でき得られた延伸フイル
ムの電気絶縁性を優れたものとなる。 また電気絶縁性改良の効果な一軸延伸でも得ら
れるが、フイルムの力学性能およびフイルム厚さ
精度向上の為には二軸延伸の方が良い。本発明で
言う融点とはDSC20℃/minで測定された値であ
り、熱力学的平衡値ではない。 実施例 1〜3 テレフタル酸ジクロリド/イソフタル酸ジクロ
リドのモル比が1:1の混合酸クロリドの塩化メ
チレン溶液とビスフエノールAのアルカリ水溶液
より界面重合法で共重合ポリアリレートを製造し
た。次いで該ポリアリレートとポリエチレンテレ
フタレートとを表1のような組成について混合
し、0.06wt%の酢酸ソーダを添加し、この混合物
を二軸押出機で280℃で混合撹拌しエステル交換
させたチツプを作成した。それぞれのチツプの融
点をDSCにて20℃/minの昇温速度で測定した。 次いで該チツプを280℃でTダイスより押出し
て未延伸フイルムを作成した後、比較例1,2,
実施例1は90℃,実施例2は105℃,実施例3は
110℃,比較例3は115℃で延伸倍率MD3×
TD3.3倍で同時二軸延伸を行つた。比較例3は延
伸ができず切断した。熱セツトは220℃で処理し
て行つた。 未延伸フイルムと延伸フイルムの体積抵抗率を
温度を変えて測定した。測定方法はJIS C−2318
によつた。これらのデータの代表例として実施例
2の結果を図1に示す。未延伸フイルムでの屈曲
点,延伸フイルムでの屈曲点は大きく異なり延伸
により屈曲点温度が大幅に高温側にシフトするこ
とがわかる。実施例1も体積抵抗の屈曲点の高温
側への移動傾向は同一であり、実施例3について
も全く同一である。 比較例1はポリエチレンテレフタレートそのも
のであり、比較例2は本発明の特許請求の範囲の
上限をはずれており共重合変性度が不足してお
り、いずれも未延伸フイルムと延伸フイルムの屈
曲点はほとんど変わらない。比較例3は本発明の
特許請求の範囲の下限をはずれており共重合変性
度が高く未延伸フイルムの延伸は極めて難しくな
る。 また得られた二軸延伸フイルムの引張強度およ
び熱収縮率を測定した結果も表1に示す。
(Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to a copolyester film having excellent electrical properties. More specifically, it is a copolymerized polyester film that can be easily formed into an unstretched film, has good stretchability, and can maintain its electrical insulation properties up to high temperatures. (Prior Art) Among polyester films, polyethylene terephthalate film has good electrical and mechanical properties and is therefore used in various electrical applications including capacitors. However, even though polyethylene terephthalate has insufficient electrical properties, it cannot maintain its excellent electrical insulation properties up to a high temperature range, and rapidly deteriorates when the glass transition temperature of polyethylene terephthalate is exceeded. Conventionally, large changes in the electrical properties and temperature characteristics of a polymer film are often achieved by changing the polymer material that constitutes the film. For example, materials with better heat resistance than polyethylene terephthalate include polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polysulfone, etc. The heat resistance rank of the materials increases in this order, but the unstretched forming temperature also increases.
Stretching the resulting unstretched film becomes extremely difficult and eventually becomes nearly impossible. Furthermore, materials other than polyethylene naphthalate have poor crystallinity, and even if they can be stretched slightly, the heat setting effect after stretching is slight and the dimensional stability is poor. Furthermore, the electrical insulation temperature characteristics of stretched films made of these materials are almost the same as those of unstretched films. For those similar to the present invention, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-24249
Publication No., JP-A-51-31774, JP-A-57-121619
There is a publication. In Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-24249, polyarylate is added to polyester at a ratio of 0.1 to 20 wt% in order to improve the light resistance of polyethylene terephthalate, but as is clear from the text, polyethylene terephthalate and polyarylate are Since there is a description that the melting point of polyethylene terephthalate is not lowered by depolymerization,
Copolymerization by transesterification as in the present invention is not intended. JP-A No. 51-31774 relates to a method for producing a polyester pine film, in which a mixture of polyester and 7 to 35 wt% polyarylate is stretched at a specific temperature range. This is a film manufacturing method consisting of: JP-A-57-121619 is a polyester fiber and its manufacturing method,
It is claimed that polyethylene terephthalate and polyarylate form a heterogeneous phase, and the purpose of this is to improve the elastic modulus. As mentioned above, the purpose of these three inventions is completely different from the present invention, and the polymer used is a simple blend of polyester and polyarylate, and the two do not form a copolymer. This is a basic condition and is a completely different substance from the copolymer used in the present invention. (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) We have arrived at the present invention as a result of our earnest efforts to obtain a film that is easy to form in an unstretched film and subsequently stretched, has a heat setting effect, and has good electrical insulation properties even at high temperatures. That is, the present invention uses terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, a divalent phenolic compound, and a glycol compound having 4 or less carbon atoms as essential components,
A copolymer polyester film having a temperature bending point of volume resistivity of 100°C or more and 200°C or less obtained by biaxially stretching a copolymer polyester with a melting point of 248°C or lower and 230°C or higher. According to the present invention, an unstretched film can be easily formed at a relatively low temperature, the stretching process is stable, there is a setting effect, and it is possible to obtain a film that has excellent electrical insulation properties even at high temperatures. Furthermore, what should be emphasized in the present invention is that the electrical insulation temperature characteristics of the unstretched film made of the above-mentioned copolymerized polyester are significantly improved by stretching. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, by stretching, the inflection point of the temperature characteristics of electrical resistivity is significantly shifted to high temperatures. To our knowledge, such polymers are not found elsewhere. It is not clear what kind of structural changes occur through stretching and the theory behind this improvement in electrical insulation properties, but in any case, by stretching the copolymerized polyester mentioned above, the temperature characteristics of electrical insulation properties can be improved. The present invention was achieved by discovering the fact that this can be significantly improved. (Means for solving the problem) Terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid,
A copolymerized polyester containing a divalent phenolic compound and a glycol compound having 4 or less carbon atoms as essential components and having a melting point of 248°C or lower and 230°C or higher is a polyarylate consisting of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and a divalent phenolic compound, and terephthalic acid. It is obtained by a transesterification method with a linear polyester consisting of an acid and a glycol compound having 4 or less carbon atoms. During this transesterification, a catalyst such as sodium acetate is added to the resin mixture in an amount of 0.03 to 0.1 wt%.
Heat to ~290°C and mix. The method for obtaining a copolymerized polyester is not limited to the method starting from two types of polymers as described above, but the above method can be implemented relatively easily. Also, typical divalent phenolic compounds include 2,2-(4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl)propane, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylmethane, 1,1-(4,
4'-dihydroxydiphenyl)ethane, 1,1-
(4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl)butane, 4,
4'-dihydroxydiphenyl ether, 4,4'-
Examples include dihydroxydiphenyl sulfone. Examples of glycol compounds having 4 or less carbon atoms include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and tetramethylene glycol. The biaxial stretching method may be either a sequential biaxial stretching method or a simultaneous biaxial stretching method, and is usually stretched to an extent of 2.5 times or more and 4 times or less in both longitudinal and horizontal directions at a stretching temperature of at least Tg of the copolyester and below Tg + 40°C. death,
It is heat treated at a set temperature of Tm below Tm - 40°C or above. (Function) In the present invention, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid,
If the melting point of the copolyester containing a divalent phenolic compound and a glycol compound having 4 or less carbon atoms as essential components exceeds 248°C, the electrical insulation properties cannot be sufficiently improved by stretching. That is, the bending point in the temperature characteristic of electrical resistivity shown in FIG. 1 is not much different after stretching than that before stretching. On the other hand, if the melting point of the copolyester is lower than 230°C, the copolymer composition will be too large, resulting in poor stretchability. In this way, the copolymerized polyester used in the present invention has a melting point of
Only when the temperature is below 248°C and above 230°C, unstretched film formation, stretching, and setting can be performed satisfactorily, and the resulting stretched film has excellent electrical insulation properties. Although uniaxial stretching is also effective in improving electrical insulation, biaxial stretching is better in order to improve the film's mechanical performance and film thickness accuracy. The melting point referred to in the present invention is a value measured by DSC at 20° C./min, and is not a thermodynamic equilibrium value. Examples 1 to 3 Copolymerized polyarylates were produced by an interfacial polymerization method from a methylene chloride solution of a mixed acid chloride having a molar ratio of terephthalic acid dichloride/isophthalic acid dichloride of 1:1 and an alkaline aqueous solution of bisphenol A. Next, the polyarylate and polyethylene terephthalate were mixed with the composition shown in Table 1, 0.06 wt% of sodium acetate was added, and the mixture was mixed and stirred at 280°C in a twin-screw extruder to produce transesterified chips. did. The melting point of each chip was measured using DSC at a heating rate of 20°C/min. Next, the chips were extruded from a T-die at 280°C to create an unstretched film, and then Comparative Examples 1, 2,
Example 1: 90℃, Example 2: 105℃, Example 3:
110℃, comparative example 3 at 115℃, stretching ratio MD3×
Simultaneous biaxial stretching was performed at a TD of 3.3 times. Comparative Example 3 could not be stretched and was cut. Heat setting was performed at 220°C. The volume resistivities of the unstretched film and the stretched film were measured at different temperatures. Measurement method is JIS C-2318
I went to bed. The results of Example 2 are shown in FIG. 1 as a representative example of these data. It can be seen that the bending point of the unstretched film and the bending point of the stretched film are significantly different, and the bending point temperature is significantly shifted to the higher temperature side by stretching. The tendency of the bending point of the volume resistivity to move toward the high temperature side is the same in Example 1, and it is completely the same in Example 3 as well. Comparative Example 1 is polyethylene terephthalate itself, Comparative Example 2 is outside the upper limit of the claimed scope of the present invention and lacks a degree of copolymerization modification, and in both cases, the bending point of the unstretched film and stretched film is almost does not change. Comparative Example 3 falls outside the lower limit of the claimed scope of the present invention and has a high degree of copolymerization modification, making it extremely difficult to stretch the unstretched film. Table 1 also shows the results of measuring the tensile strength and heat shrinkage rate of the obtained biaxially stretched film.

【表】 (効 果) 以上述べたように本発明により用いる共重合ポ
リエステルは容易に経済的にも比較的安価に、未
延伸成膜も低温でスムーズに、延伸性も良好で切
断もなく、結晶性も有するので熱セツト効果もあ
り、しかし電気絶縁性が高温度まで優れたフイル
ムを効率良く得ることができる。
[Table] (Effects) As mentioned above, the copolymerized polyester used in the present invention is easily and economically relatively inexpensive, can be formed into an unstretched film smoothly at low temperatures, has good stretchability, and does not break. Since it also has crystallinity, it also has a heat setting effect, and a film with excellent electrical insulation properties even at high temperatures can be efficiently obtained.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

図1は実施例2、体積抵抗率の温度特性でタテ
軸は抵抗率、ヨコ軸は温度を示す。 ……未延伸フイルム、――延伸フイルム、延伸
することにより体積抵抗率の屈曲点が高温へシフ
トする。
FIG. 1 shows the temperature characteristics of volume resistivity in Example 2, where the vertical axis shows resistivity and the horizontal axis shows temperature. ...unstretched film, --stretched film, by stretching, the bending point of volume resistivity shifts to high temperature.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 テレフタル酸,イソフタール酸,二価のフエ
ノール性化合物および炭素数4以下のグリコール
化合物を必須成分とし、融点248℃以下230℃以上
の共重合ポリエステルを二軸方向に延伸して得ら
れる体積抵抗率の温度屈曲点が100℃以上200℃以
下の共重合ポリエステルフイルム。
1 Volume resistivity obtained by biaxially stretching a copolymerized polyester containing terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, a divalent phenolic compound, and a glycol compound having 4 or less carbon atoms and having a melting point of 248°C or lower and 230°C or higher. A copolymerized polyester film with a temperature bending point of 100℃ or higher and 200℃ or lower.
JP21489684A 1984-10-11 1984-10-11 Copolyester film Granted JPS6189826A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21489684A JPS6189826A (en) 1984-10-11 1984-10-11 Copolyester film

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21489684A JPS6189826A (en) 1984-10-11 1984-10-11 Copolyester film

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6189826A JPS6189826A (en) 1986-05-08
JPH0344572B2 true JPH0344572B2 (en) 1991-07-08

Family

ID=16663353

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21489684A Granted JPS6189826A (en) 1984-10-11 1984-10-11 Copolyester film

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6189826A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2242159B (en) * 1990-03-19 1994-02-02 Toyo Kohan Co Ltd Copolyester resin film-metal sheet laminates

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS55106222A (en) * 1979-02-08 1980-08-14 Toray Ind Inc Preparation of modified polyester

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