JPH034496B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH034496B2
JPH034496B2 JP57217823A JP21782382A JPH034496B2 JP H034496 B2 JPH034496 B2 JP H034496B2 JP 57217823 A JP57217823 A JP 57217823A JP 21782382 A JP21782382 A JP 21782382A JP H034496 B2 JPH034496 B2 JP H034496B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
weight
parts
quick
potassium
aluminate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP57217823A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS59108073A (en
Inventor
Kenkichi Hirano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Denka Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK filed Critical Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
Priority to JP21782382A priority Critical patent/JPS59108073A/en
Publication of JPS59108073A publication Critical patent/JPS59108073A/en
Publication of JPH034496B2 publication Critical patent/JPH034496B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は液体急結剤に関する。 一般に、セメント用急結剤には、粉末状のもの
と液体のものの二種類があり、それぞれ利用され
ている。 粉末状のものは、例えば、カルシウムアルミネ
ート、アルミン酸ナトリウム及び炭酸ナトリウム
等の粉末を混合し、特に、吹付用急結剤などとし
て利用されている。 これら、粉体急結剤の使用方法としては、例え
ば、乾式吹付法や湿式吹付法がある。乾式吹付法
では、水が混入されていないドライコンクリート
が、吹付機に入る直前に、粉体急結剤を添加し使
用するもので、また、湿式吹付法では、吹付機で
圧送された、水が混入された生コンクリートに吹
付ノズルより手前数mの時点で、別途圧送された
粉体急結剤をY字管などにより、合流混合させ、
使用するものである。 即ち、例えば、セメントモルタル・コンクリー
トをトンネルなどで吹付施工する際、セメントと
骨材との混合物に、該アルミン酸アルカリ塩を主
成分とする粉体急結剤を混入し、それを乾式吹付
機で供給する一方、ノズル先端付近で、別系で圧
送した水と合流させ、吹付材料として吹付けてい
る。 しかしながら、この吹付材料は水と合流するま
では粉粒体で圧送されるので、粉塵発生により作
業環境を害したり、該粉体急結剤のセメントとの
混合が不均一となつて、硬化にバラツキを生じた
り、さらには骨材の含有水分と該粉体急結剤が反
応して系路を閉塞する恐れなどがあり、材料など
の厳格な管理を必要とするなどの課題があつた。 以上のような粉体急結剤の課題を解決すること
を目的として、水の系路に液体急結剤を供給する
ことが提案されている。(特開昭56−163372号公
報)。 これは、水にアルミン酸カリウムや炭酸カリウ
ムを溶解し、完全な溶液状で、しかも、その使用
方法は液体ポンプを使用して、吹付機より圧送さ
れたコンクリートにノズル手前数mで合流混合さ
せて使用するものである。 しかしながら、この方法では、液体急結剤を供
給しても、アルミン酸アルカリ塩と炭酸アルカリ
塩とを水溶液として混合した場合、水酸化アルミ
ニウムの結晶が生成するので、その急結性能が低
下し、かつ、系路を詰まらせる恐れがあり、アル
ミン酸塩と炭酸アルカリ塩は個々に水溶液として
供給しなければならないという工程上の煩雑さが
あつた。しかし、この方法においても十分な粉塵
対策がとられるものにはなつていなかつた。 本発明者は、このような課題を解決するために
種々検討した結果、液体急結剤の急結性能を損な
わせることなく前記水酸化アルミニウムの結晶析
出を防止するには、グルコン酸又はその塩が有効
であることを見い出し、本発明を完成したもので
ある。 即ち、本発明は、水、アルミン酸カリウム、炭
酸カリウム及びグルコン酸類を主成分とし、グル
コン酸類の含有量が該アルミン酸カリウム100重
量部に対し0.01〜10重量部であることを特徴とす
る液体急結剤である。 以下、さらに詳しく本発明を説明する。 アルミン酸アルカリ塩としては、ナトリウムと
カリウムのアルミン酸塩が一般的に使用される
が、本発明では、溶解性の点からカリウムのアル
ミン酸塩を使用する。 アルミン酸カリウムの使用量は、水とアルミン
酸カリウムの合計100重量部に対し、10〜60重量
部が好ましく、20〜40重量部がより好ましい。10
重量部未満では、濃度がうすく、液体急結剤とし
た時の急結力が充分でなく、60重量部を越える
と、溶液からアルミン酸アルカリ塩が析出するの
で好ましくない。 炭酸アルカリ塩としては、ナトリウムとカリウ
ムの炭酸塩が一般的であるが、本発明では、低温
における溶解性からカリウムの炭酸塩を使用す
る。 炭酸アルカリ塩の使用量は、水と炭酸カリウム
の合計100重量部に対し、10〜60重量部が好まし
く、20〜40重量部がより好ましい。10重量部未満
では、濃度がうすく、液体急結剤とした時の急結
力が充分でなく、60重量部を越えると、溶液から
炭酸カリウムが析出するので好ましくない。 またアルミン酸カリウムと炭酸カリウムの配合
割合は、重量比で10:90〜80:20が好ましく、
20:80〜60:40とするのが急結性と経済性の向上
の面からより好ましい。 グルコン酸類とはグルコン酸又はその塩であ
り、アルミン酸カリウムと炭酸カリウムとを水溶
液で混合した際の水酸化アルミニウムの結晶析出
を阻止し、かつ、急結性能を維持するのに必要な
成分である。また、グルコン酸類を使用すること
によつて、粉塵発生を抑止できる利点もある。 グルコン酸類の使用量は、アルミン酸カリウム
100重量部に対し、0.01〜10重量部であつて、0.1
〜1重量部が好ましい。0.01重量部未満では水酸
化アルミニウムの結晶析出を阻止する効果が少な
く、また、10重量部を越えると急結性能が低下す
る傾向がある。 グルコン酸類としては、グルコン酸ならびにそ
のナトリウム、カリウム及びカルシウム塩等が挙
げられる。 また、グルコン酸類を添加する際、水酸化カリ
ウムや水酸化ナトリウムなどのアルカリ物質を併
用することは、急結性と水酸化アルミニウムの溶
解性を、さらに高める面から好ましい。 本発明の液体急結剤の使用法としては、吹付用
水にあらかじめ溶解しておく方法、ポンプ等を用
いて吹付用水に圧入混入する方法及び吹付機より
圧送されてきたコンクリートに、ポンプ圧送し混
合する方法等が挙げられる。特に湿式吹付法では
吹付機より圧送されてきたコンクリートに、ポン
プ圧送し混合する方法が好ましい。 液体急結剤の使用量は、通常の吹付工事ではセ
メント100重量部に対し、2〜8重量部が好まし
く、4〜6重量部がより好ましい。 本発明の液体急結剤は次の効果を奏する。 (1) 一液化した液体急結剤の使用も可能である。 (2) 長期間保存しても水酸化アルミニウムの析出
がない。 (3) 吹付施工時の粉塵発生を少なくすることが可
能である。 (4) 急結性能を高めることが可能である。 実施例 以下、実施例をあげてさらに詳しく説明する。 実施例 1 アルミン酸カリウム50Kgを、80℃の温水50Kgに
溶解し、アルミン酸カリウム溶液を作つた。これ
とは別に、アルミン酸カリウム100重量部に対し
て、グルコン酸ナトリウムを0.005〜20重量部添
加しグルコン酸ナトリウム含有アルミン酸カリウ
ム溶液を作つた。また、炭酸カリウム50Kgを水50
Kgに混合溶解して炭酸カリウム溶液を作り、前記
各アルミン酸カリウム溶液と重量比1:1で混合
して液体急結剤とした。 この液体急結剤の急結性能を評価するため、普
通ポルトランドセメント1000g、砂3000g、液体
急結剤50g及び水450gを30秒間混合してからす
ばやく型枠につめ、注水後1分間ごとにプロクタ
ー貫入抵抗試験を行つた。その結果を表に示す。
The present invention relates to a liquid quick setting agent. Generally, there are two types of quick-setting agents for cement: powder and liquid, and each type is used. Powdered materials are used, for example, by mixing powders of calcium aluminate, sodium aluminate, sodium carbonate, etc., and are particularly used as quick-setting agents for spraying. Methods for using these powder quick setting agents include, for example, a dry spraying method and a wet spraying method. In the dry spraying method, a powder quick-setting agent is added to dry concrete that has not been mixed with water immediately before entering the spraying machine, while in the wet spraying method, water is pumped into the spraying machine and mixed with water. At a point several meters before the spray nozzle, a separately pumped powder quick-setting agent is mixed into the ready-mixed concrete using a Y-shaped pipe, etc.
It is what you use. That is, for example, when spraying cement mortar/concrete in a tunnel or the like, a powder quick-setting agent containing the alkali aluminate salt as a main component is mixed into a mixture of cement and aggregate, and then the powder is mixed with a dry spraying machine. At the same time, near the tip of the nozzle, it is combined with water pumped through another system and sprayed as a spraying material. However, this sprayed material is pumped in the form of powder until it is combined with water, which may harm the working environment due to the generation of dust, or may cause non-uniform mixing of the powder quick-setting agent with cement, resulting in poor hardening. There were problems such as variations, and furthermore, there was a risk that the moisture content of the aggregate and the powder quick-setting agent would react and block the system path, requiring strict management of materials. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems with powder quick-setting agents, it has been proposed to supply a liquid quick-setting agent to a water system. (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 163372/1983). This is a complete solution made by dissolving potassium aluminate and potassium carbonate in water, and the method of use is to use a liquid pump to mix the concrete that is pumped through the spray machine several meters before the nozzle. It is used for However, in this method, even if a liquid quick-setting agent is supplied, when an alkali aluminate salt and an alkali carbonate are mixed as an aqueous solution, aluminum hydroxide crystals are formed, resulting in a decrease in quick-setting performance. In addition, there was a risk of clogging the system, and the process was complicated in that the aluminate and the alkali carbonate had to be supplied individually as aqueous solutions. However, even with this method, sufficient dust countermeasures were not taken. As a result of various studies to solve these problems, the inventors of the present invention found that gluconic acid or a salt thereof can be used to prevent crystal precipitation of aluminum hydroxide without impairing the quick-setting performance of the liquid quick-setting agent. The present invention was completed based on the discovery that the method is effective. That is, the present invention provides a liquid whose main components are water, potassium aluminate, potassium carbonate, and gluconic acids, and the content of gluconic acids is 0.01 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the potassium aluminate. It is a quick setting agent. The present invention will be explained in more detail below. As alkali aluminate salts, sodium and potassium aluminates are generally used, but in the present invention, potassium aluminate is used from the viewpoint of solubility. The amount of potassium aluminate used is preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of water and potassium aluminate in total. Ten
If it is less than 60 parts by weight, the concentration will be too thin and the rapid setting power will not be sufficient when used as a liquid quick-setting agent, and if it exceeds 60 parts by weight, the alkali aluminate salt will precipitate from the solution, which is not preferable. As the alkali carbonate, sodium and potassium carbonates are generally used, but in the present invention, potassium carbonate is used because of its solubility at low temperatures. The amount of alkali carbonate used is preferably 10 to 60 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 40 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of water and potassium carbonate in total. If it is less than 10 parts by weight, the concentration will be too thin and the rapid setting power will not be sufficient when used as a liquid quick setting agent, and if it exceeds 60 parts by weight, potassium carbonate will precipitate from the solution, which is not preferable. In addition, the mixing ratio of potassium aluminate and potassium carbonate is preferably 10:90 to 80:20 by weight.
A ratio of 20:80 to 60:40 is more preferable from the viewpoint of rapid setting and improved economic efficiency. Gluconic acids are gluconic acid or its salts, and are necessary components to prevent crystal precipitation of aluminum hydroxide when potassium aluminate and potassium carbonate are mixed in an aqueous solution, and to maintain rapid setting performance. be. Furthermore, the use of gluconic acids has the advantage of suppressing dust generation. The amount of gluconic acids used is potassium aluminate.
0.01 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight, and 0.1
~1 part by weight is preferred. If the amount is less than 0.01 parts by weight, the effect of inhibiting crystal precipitation of aluminum hydroxide is small, and if it exceeds 10 parts by weight, the rapid setting performance tends to decrease. Examples of gluconic acids include gluconic acid and its sodium, potassium, and calcium salts. Further, when adding gluconic acids, it is preferable to use an alkaline substance such as potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide in combination, from the viewpoint of further increasing rapid setting and solubility of aluminum hydroxide. The liquid quick-setting agent of the present invention can be used by dissolving it in the spraying water in advance, by pressurizing it into the spraying water using a pump, or by pumping it into the concrete that has been pumped from the spraying machine and mixing it. Examples include a method to do so. In particular, in the wet spraying method, it is preferable to mix the concrete by pumping it into the concrete that has been pumped from a spraying machine. The amount of liquid quick setting agent used is preferably 2 to 8 parts by weight, more preferably 4 to 6 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of cement in normal spraying work. The liquid quick setting agent of the present invention has the following effects. (1) It is also possible to use a one-component liquid quick-setting agent. (2) No precipitation of aluminum hydroxide even after long-term storage. (3) It is possible to reduce dust generation during spraying construction. (4) It is possible to improve quick setting performance. Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail by giving examples. Example 1 50 kg of potassium aluminate was dissolved in 50 kg of 80°C warm water to prepare a potassium aluminate solution. Separately, 0.005 to 20 parts by weight of sodium gluconate was added to 100 parts by weight of potassium aluminate to prepare a sodium gluconate-containing potassium aluminate solution. Also, add 50 kg of potassium carbonate to 50 kg of water.
Kg to prepare a potassium carbonate solution, which was mixed with each of the aforementioned potassium aluminate solutions at a weight ratio of 1:1 to obtain a liquid quick-setting agent. In order to evaluate the quick-setting performance of this liquid quick-setting agent, 1000 g of ordinary Portland cement, 3000 g of sand, 50 g of liquid quick-setting agent, and 450 g of water were mixed for 30 seconds and then quickly packed into a mold. A penetration resistance test was conducted. The results are shown in the table.

【表】 なお、それぞれの液体急結剤を5℃の部屋に10
日間放置し、水酸化アルミニウムの析出を確認実
験を行つたところ、グルコン酸ナトリウム0.005
重量部以下の添加では水酸化アルミニウムの析出
が認められた。 次いで、前記配合割合を用い、乾式吹次法によ
り各々1m3の吹付工事を行つてその状況を測定し
た。その結果、本発明の液体急結剤を使用した場
合は、リバウンドが少なく、また、粉塵量も100
〜130カウント/分と極めて少なかつた。これに
対し、グルコン酸ナトリウム無添加では538カウ
ント/分、グルコン酸ナトリウム0.005重量部添
加では325カウント/分であつた。なお、グルコ
ン酸ナトリウム20重量部添加では硬化が遅れて実
用的でなかつた。 比較のため、市販の、粉末アルミン酸ナトリウ
ムと粉末炭酸ナトリウムを主成分とする粉体急結
剤、電気化学工業社製商品名「電化ナトミツクT
−3」及びカルシウムアルミネート系鉱物を主成
分とする粉体急結剤、電気化学工業社製商品名
「電化ナトミツクT−5」を使用して、乾式吹付
試験を行つた。その結果、各々1350又は1200カウ
ント/分と極めて多量の粉塵が発生した。また、
袋の解袋用に1名の人員が必要であつた。さら
に、作業中ホースの詰まりが生じ、作業性に問題
があつた。
[Table] In addition, each liquid quick-setting agent was placed in a room at 5℃ for 10 minutes.
After leaving it for several days, we conducted an experiment to confirm the precipitation of aluminum hydroxide, and found that sodium gluconate was 0.005
When less than part by weight was added, precipitation of aluminum hydroxide was observed. Next, using the above-mentioned mixing ratio, spraying of 1 m 3 was carried out using the dry spraying method, and the situation was measured. As a result, when the liquid quick-setting agent of the present invention is used, there is less rebound and the amount of dust is reduced by 100%.
The rate was extremely low at ~130 counts/min. On the other hand, when no sodium gluconate was added, the count was 538 counts/min, and when 0.005 parts by weight of sodium gluconate was added, the count was 325 counts/min. Note that addition of 20 parts by weight of sodium gluconate delayed curing and was not practical. For comparison, a commercially available powder quick-setting agent mainly composed of powdered sodium aluminate and powdered sodium carbonate, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. under the trade name "Denka Natomitsu T"
A dry spraying test was conducted using a powder quick-setting agent containing calcium aluminate mineral as a main component and a trade name "Denka Natomitsu T-5" manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. As a result, an extremely large amount of dust was generated at 1350 or 1200 counts/min, respectively. Also,
One person was required to open the bags. Furthermore, the hose became clogged during work, which caused problems with workability.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 水、アルミン酸カリウム、炭酸カリウム及び
グルコン酸類を主成分とし、グルコン酸類の含有
量が該アルミン酸カリウム100重量部に対し0.01
〜10重量部であることを特徴とする液体急結剤。
1 The main components are water, potassium aluminate, potassium carbonate, and gluconic acids, and the content of gluconic acids is 0.01 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the potassium aluminate.
A liquid quick-setting agent characterized in that it is ~10 parts by weight.
JP21782382A 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 Liquid accelerator for setting of cement Granted JPS59108073A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21782382A JPS59108073A (en) 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 Liquid accelerator for setting of cement

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21782382A JPS59108073A (en) 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 Liquid accelerator for setting of cement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS59108073A JPS59108073A (en) 1984-06-22
JPH034496B2 true JPH034496B2 (en) 1991-01-23

Family

ID=16710299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21782382A Granted JPS59108073A (en) 1982-12-14 1982-12-14 Liquid accelerator for setting of cement

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS59108073A (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0688816B2 (en) * 1985-04-23 1994-11-09 東亞合成化学工業株式会社 Cement quick setting agent
GB9513116D0 (en) * 1995-06-28 1995-08-30 Sandoz Ltd Improvements in or relating to organic compounds
JP4837161B2 (en) * 2000-05-01 2011-12-14 電気化学工業株式会社 Cement quick setting agent, cement composition, and spray material using the same

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2314904A1 (en) * 1975-06-20 1977-01-14 Fritz Ullrich ADDITIONAL PRODUCT FOR MORTAR AND CONCRETE TO ACCELERATE THE START OF SETTING
JPS5851902B2 (en) * 1976-03-13 1983-11-18 電気化学工業株式会社 Rapid hardening method of cement
JPS544924A (en) * 1977-06-15 1979-01-16 Naoharu Ikeda Method of quickly setting mortar or concrete
JPS54141819A (en) * 1978-04-26 1979-11-05 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kk Production of quick setting cement mortar or concrete

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS59108073A (en) 1984-06-22

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