JPH0345737B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0345737B2
JPH0345737B2 JP58145463A JP14546383A JPH0345737B2 JP H0345737 B2 JPH0345737 B2 JP H0345737B2 JP 58145463 A JP58145463 A JP 58145463A JP 14546383 A JP14546383 A JP 14546383A JP H0345737 B2 JPH0345737 B2 JP H0345737B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
membrane
anion exchange
dialysis
porous
trimethylamine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP58145463A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6036533A (en
Inventor
Takehiro Yamamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nok Corp
Original Assignee
Nok Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nok Corp filed Critical Nok Corp
Priority to JP58145463A priority Critical patent/JPS6036533A/en
Publication of JPS6036533A publication Critical patent/JPS6036533A/en
Publication of JPH0345737B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0345737B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は、多孔質陰イオン交換膜の製造法に関
する。更に詳しくは、陰イオン交換性基として第
4アンモニウム塩基を有する多孔質陰イオン交換
膜の製造法に関する。 陰イオン交換膜は、陰イオンをより選択的に透
過させる性質があるので、この性質を利用して電
気透析、拡散透析あるいは塩の電気分解などへの
工業的利用が図られている。これら透析あるいは
電気分解などを効率よく行わしめるために、単位
膜面積当りのイオン透析速度を上昇せしめること
が、陰イオン交換膜に要求される。そして、一般
にこの透析速度は、膜厚を薄くすれば向上するこ
とが知られているが、膜厚を極度に薄くすると、
必然的に膜強度が低下するため膜の取扱いが困難
となり、実用性が損われるようになる。 こうした欠点を除去するため、本出願人は強度
的にすぐれしかも耐薬品性にもすぐれているフツ
素系重合体多孔質膜を補強のための支持体とし、
この支持体に陰イオン交換性材料を被覆させる方
法について種々検討したが、支持体と被覆材料と
の間の性着剤が十分ではないため、陰イオン交換
膜の取扱い中に両者の剥離がみられ、また陰イオ
ン交換膜自体にもそれの透析性能が不安定で高性
能が期待できないなどの問題点がみられた。本出
願人は、この点を解決すべく更に検討の結果、塩
化ビニル系樹脂多孔質膜などの高分子多孔質膜を
プラズマ処理した上で支持体に用いると、これら
の諸問題を解決し得ることを先に見出した(特願
昭57−230503号参照)。 このようにして得られる陰イオン交換性基とし
て第4アンモニウム塩基を有するイオン交換性基
含有重合体からなる被覆層を有する陰イオン交換
膜は、効果の上では所期の目的が十分に達せられ
るものの、被覆層の形成という工程を必要として
いるので、それの製造上工程の簡略化という要請
がそこにはみられる。 そこで、本発明者は、膜形成材料樹脂に直接イ
オン交換性基を導入することによつて工程の簡略
化を図り、同時に被覆層を設けずに多孔質膜単体
で陰イオン交換膜を形成させることにより、透析
性能のすぐれたものを得るべく種々検討の結果、
塩化ビニル系樹脂およびトリメチルアミンを水溶
性有機溶媒中で反応させた後、その反応溶液を乾
湿式法により製膜することにより、直接に陰イオ
ン交換性基として第4アンモニウム塩基を有する
多孔質陰イオン交換膜が得られることを見出し
た。従つて、本発明は、このようにして行われる
陰イオン交換膜の製造法に関する。 これらの塩化ビニル系樹脂およびトリメチルア
ミンは、水溶性有機溶媒中にそれぞれ約3〜20重
量%、好ましくは約5〜10重量%および約15〜35
重量%、好ましくは約20〜30重量%の割合で添加
され、反応に供される。水溶性有機溶媒として
は、塩化ビニル系樹脂およびトリメチルアミンを
溶解させるものであれば任意のものを使用し得る
が、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミ
ドなどが好んで用いられる。反応は、約20〜100
℃、好ましくは約50〜80℃の温度で約2〜15時間
程度行われ、樹脂の活性クロル基が第4アンモニ
ウム塩化される。 反応溶液は、冷却後水または水性溶液を凝固剤
とする乾湿式法により、平膜状、中空糸状その他
任意の形状の多孔質膜に製膜される。 得られる陰イオン交換性基として第4アンモニ
ウム塩基を有する多孔質陰イオン交換膜は、塩化
ビニル系樹脂およびトリメチルアミンを水溶性有
機溶媒中で反応させ、その反応溶液を乾湿式法に
より製膜するだけで得られるのでそれの製造は簡
単であり、また被覆層を有していないので、透析
性能の点でもすぐれているという効果を奏する。 次に、実施例について本発明を説明する。 実施例 1 ポリ塩化ビニル(日本ゼオン製品E−103P)
を5重量%、トリメチルアミンを20重量%それぞ
れ含有するジメチルアセトアミド溶液を、撹拌し
ながら80℃に加熱し、5時間反応させた後、室温
迄冷却した。この溶液を、スペーサー厚0.2mmで
ガラス板上にキヤストし、水を凝固剤とする乾湿
式法により製膜した。 このようにして得られた多孔質陰イオン交換膜
を、2室型の透析セルに装着し、2N−H2SO4
よび1N−FeSO4水溶液の混合液を用いて透析試
験を行ない、硫酸の透析速度と両者の透析速度比
とを測定した。 実施例 2 実施例1において、反応時間を10時間に延長し
た。 実施例 3 実施例1において、トリメチルアミンを30重量
%の割合で含有するジメチルアセトアミド溶液が
用いられた。 実施例 4 実施例1において、ポリ塩化ビニルを10重量%
の割合で含有するジメチルアセトアミド溶液が用
いられた。 以上の各実施例での透析試験結果は、次の表に
示される。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a porous anion exchange membrane. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a porous anion exchange membrane having a quaternary ammonium base as an anion exchange group. Since anion exchange membranes have the property of allowing anions to permeate more selectively, this property has been utilized for industrial applications such as electrodialysis, diffusion dialysis, and electrolysis of salts. In order to perform these dialysis or electrolysis efficiently, anion exchange membranes are required to increase the ion dialysis rate per unit membrane area. It is generally known that this dialysis rate can be improved by reducing the membrane thickness, but if the membrane thickness is made extremely thin,
The membrane strength inevitably decreases, making it difficult to handle the membrane and impairing its practicality. In order to eliminate these drawbacks, the applicant used a fluoropolymer porous membrane, which has excellent strength and chemical resistance, as a reinforcing support.
Various methods of coating this support with an anion exchange material were investigated, but because there was not enough adhesive between the support and the coating material, peeling of the two occurred during handling of the anion exchange membrane. In addition, the anion exchange membrane itself had problems such as unstable dialysis performance and high performance cannot be expected. As a result of further studies to solve this problem, the applicant has found that these problems can be solved by using a porous polymer membrane such as a vinyl chloride resin porous membrane as a support after plasma treatment. This was discovered earlier (see Japanese Patent Application No. 57-230503). The anion exchange membrane obtained in this manner and having a coating layer made of an ion exchange group-containing polymer having a quaternary ammonium base as an anion exchange group can sufficiently achieve the intended purpose in terms of effectiveness. However, since it requires the step of forming a covering layer, there is a need to simplify the manufacturing process. Therefore, the present inventor attempted to simplify the process by directly introducing an ion exchange group into the membrane forming material resin, and at the same time formed an anion exchange membrane with a porous membrane alone without providing a coating layer. As a result of various studies to obtain excellent dialysis performance,
After reacting a vinyl chloride resin and trimethylamine in a water-soluble organic solvent, the reaction solution is formed into a film using a dry-wet method to directly form a porous anion having a quaternary ammonium base as an anion exchange group. It has been found that an exchange membrane can be obtained. Therefore, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an anion exchange membrane carried out in this manner. These vinyl chloride resin and trimethylamine are contained in a water-soluble organic solvent in an amount of about 3 to 20% by weight, preferably about 5 to 10% by weight, and about 15 to 35% by weight, respectively.
It is added in a proportion of 20 to 30% by weight, preferably about 20 to 30% by weight, and subjected to the reaction. Any water-soluble organic solvent may be used as long as it dissolves the vinyl chloride resin and trimethylamine, but dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, etc. are preferably used. The reaction is about 20-100
C., preferably about 50 to 80.degree. C. for about 2 to 15 hours, and the active chloro groups of the resin are converted to quaternary ammonium salts. After cooling, the reaction solution is formed into a porous membrane in the shape of a flat membrane, hollow fiber, or any other shape by a dry-wet method using water or an aqueous solution as a coagulant. The resulting porous anion exchange membrane having a quaternary ammonium base as an anion exchange group can be produced simply by reacting a vinyl chloride resin and trimethylamine in a water-soluble organic solvent, and then forming the reaction solution into a membrane using a wet-dry method. Since it can be obtained from the following methods, it is easy to manufacture, and since it does not have a coating layer, it has excellent dialysis performance. Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples. Example 1 Polyvinyl chloride (Nippon Zeon product E-103P)
A dimethylacetamide solution containing 5% by weight of trimethylamine and 20% by weight of trimethylamine was heated to 80° C. with stirring, allowed to react for 5 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. This solution was cast onto a glass plate with a spacer thickness of 0.2 mm, and a film was formed by a wet-dry method using water as a coagulant. The porous anion exchange membrane thus obtained was installed in a two-chamber dialysis cell, and a dialysis test was conducted using a mixture of 2N-H 2 SO 4 and 1N-FeSO 4 aqueous solutions. The dialysis rate and the ratio of both dialysis rates were measured. Example 2 In Example 1, the reaction time was extended to 10 hours. Example 3 In Example 1, a dimethylacetamide solution containing 30% by weight of trimethylamine was used. Example 4 In Example 1, 10% by weight of polyvinyl chloride
A dimethylacetamide solution containing the following proportions was used. The dialysis test results for each of the above examples are shown in the following table. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 塩化ビニル系樹脂およびトリメチルアミンを
水溶性有機溶媒中で反応させた後、その反応溶液
を乾湿式法により製膜することを特徴とする陰イ
オン交換性基として第4アンモニウム塩基を有す
る多孔質陰イオン交換膜の製造法。
1 A porous anion having a quaternary ammonium base as an anion exchange group, characterized in that a vinyl chloride resin and trimethylamine are reacted in a water-soluble organic solvent, and then the reaction solution is formed into a film by a dry-wet method. Method for manufacturing ion exchange membranes.
JP58145463A 1983-08-09 1983-08-09 Manufacture of porous anion exchange membrane Granted JPS6036533A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58145463A JPS6036533A (en) 1983-08-09 1983-08-09 Manufacture of porous anion exchange membrane

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP58145463A JPS6036533A (en) 1983-08-09 1983-08-09 Manufacture of porous anion exchange membrane

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6036533A JPS6036533A (en) 1985-02-25
JPH0345737B2 true JPH0345737B2 (en) 1991-07-12

Family

ID=15385816

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP58145463A Granted JPS6036533A (en) 1983-08-09 1983-08-09 Manufacture of porous anion exchange membrane

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6036533A (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6036533A (en) 1985-02-25

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