JPH0348021A - Spring and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily obtain a spring of a high modulus of elasticity by forming slits being nearly in parallel to each other in different phase positions on the outside surface, and also forming an elastic part between adjacent slits. CONSTITUTION:In shifted phase positions for each angle of 90 deg. on the outer circumference of a cylindrical aluminum material, slits 2 being in parallel to each other are formed so as to be juxtaposed in the axial direction, and between the adjacent slits 2, thin-plate-shaped elastic parts 3 are defined. Thus, the slits 2 can be formed by a metal saw, and even in a material having a high modulus of elasticity, manufacture can be facilitated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a spring and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly to a spring in which cuts are formed in a block-shaped material and a method of manufacturing the same.

[Prior Art and Problems] Generally, a coil spring is manufactured by spirally winding a wire rod as a raw material, and the thickness of the wire rod is changed as appropriate to obtain a desired elastic modulus.

However, in order to obtain a particularly high elastic modulus of 1q, the wire must also be thick, which poses a problem in that it is difficult to wind the wire, making it difficult to manufacture the spring.

Furthermore, when manufacturing a spring with nonlinear characteristics, the winding pitch of the wire rod or the thickness of the wire rod is changed.

However, such work is time-consuming and costly, which in turn increases the price of the spring product.

On the other hand, when the produced spring is used as a tension spring or torsion spring, the end of the spring is bent into a 0-shape and hooked onto the object to which it is attached.

However, the mounting method described above cannot withstand high loads, and the mounting location may be damaged.

The objects of the second and seventh inventions are to provide a spring that can be easily manufactured even when the elastic modulus is high.

In addition to the object of the first invention, the second to fourth objects of the invention are to provide a spring that has nonlinear characteristics, is easy to manufacture, and can be manufactured at a low price.

In addition to the object of the first invention, the fifth and sixth objects of the invention are to provide a spring that can be firmly attached to an object to which it is attached, and that there is no risk of damage to the attachment point.

A third object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a spring that can be easily manufactured even when the elastic modulus is high.

[Means for Solving the Problem J The first invention provides a spring in which a plurality of notches substantially parallel to each other are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface, and an elastic portion is provided between adjacent notches. That is.

The second invention provides a spring in which a plurality of substantially parallel notches are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface so as to be lined up at uneven pitches, and elastic portions having different widths are provided between adjacent notches. This is a summary.

The third invention has a cylindrical shape whose wall thickness changes in the axial direction, and a plurality of cuts that are substantially parallel to each other and lined up in the axial direction are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface, so that adjacent cuts are The gist of this is a spring in which elastic parts with different thicknesses are provided between them.

A fourth aspect of the present invention is to form a through hole penetrating in the axial direction, and also to form a notch extending spirally in the axial direction on the outer surface so as to communicate with the through hole. The gist of the spring is a spring provided with an elastic part whose width changes.

The gist of a fifth invention is a spring according to the first invention, in which a mounting portion for fixing to an object to be mounted is integrally molded on one side.

The sixth invention is the spring of the first invention, and its gist is a spring having the same shape as the engagement recess of the object to be attached.

In the seventh invention, a plurality of notches each having an arcuate bottom are arranged to face each other in pairs with the axis of rotation in between, and each set of opposing notches is communicated with each other so that each pair has a triangular shape on both sides of the communicating part. The notches of each set are arranged side by side in the axial direction to form a root-shaped elastic part between them, and the phases of the adjacent notches are shifted in the axial direction to adjust the phase of the connecting part. The gist of this is a spring with a shifted position.

The sixth invention includes a step of cutting a rotary processing tool such as a metal saw into one side of the material to form a first cut having an arc-shaped bottom, and a step of cutting a rotary processing tool such as a metal saw into one side of the material to form a first cut having an arc-shaped bottom; forming a second notch having an arc-shaped bottom and communicating with the first notch, and leaving a triangular connecting part on both sides of the communicating part; a step of forming a third notch having an arcuate bottom by making a cut with a rotary processing tool at a position shifted from the second notch in the axial direction so as to have a phase different from these notches; A rotary processing tool is cut into the opposite side of the cut 3 to form a fourth cut having an arc-shaped bottom and communicating with the third cut described above, and triangular connecting parts on both sides of the communication point. The third and fourth
The gist of this method is to provide a method for manufacturing a spring, which comprises the steps of forming a plate-shaped elastic portion between the first and second cuts and the first and second cuts.

[Operation] In the first, seventh, and third inventions, when an external force is applied to the spring, the elastic portion bends and absorbs the force. When the pitch of the notches is widened or the outer diameter of the spring is increased, the elastic part becomes difficult to bend and the elastic modulus of the spring increases.

In the second invention, the part where the pitch of the cut is narrow is 3
The width of the elastic part is narrow, so it is easy to bend, and the part where the pitch of the cuts is wide is difficult to bend because the width of the elastic part is wide. When an external force is applied to a spring, the narrow elastic part bends first, and then the wide elastic part bends, so the characteristics of the spring become nonlinear.

In the third invention, the thickness of the elastic portion also changes in the axial direction as the wall thickness of the spring changes. A thin elastic portion is easy to bend, and a thick elastic portion is difficult to bend. When an external force is applied to a spring, the thin elastic part first bends, and then the thick elastic part bends, so the characteristics of the spring become nonlinear.

In the fourth invention, since the elastic part extends spirally in the axial direction and has a varying width, when an external force is applied to the spring, the narrow part of the elastic part bends first, and then the wide part bends. The parts will bend, and the spring characteristics will become non-linear.

In the fifth invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, since the attachment part is integrally molded with the spring, it can be firmly attached to the object to be attached, and there is no risk of damage.

In the sixth invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, when one side of the spring is fitted into the engagement recess of the object to be attached,
It can be firmly attached to the object to be attached, and there is no risk of damage.

[Example 1] Hereinafter, a spring 1 of a first embodiment embodying the present invention will be described.
will be explained according to FIGS. 1 to 5.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this spring 1 is made of aluminum and has a cylindrical shape, and a large number of parallel cuts 2 are formed in the axial direction of the spring 1 at phase positions shifted every 90 degrees on its outer circumference. It is formed to line up with.

Each cut 2 reaches deep into the spring 1, and the pitch and width thereof are all set to be the same. and,
Each cut 2 defines a thin plate-like elastic portion 3, and these elastic portions 3 bend when an external force is applied to the spring 1. Note that each cut 2 is formed by cutting with a metal saw.

Next, a case will be described in which various external forces are applied to the spring 1 configured as described above.

As shown in FIG. 3, when a compressive force is applied in the axial direction of the spring 1, each elastic portion 3 is bent and the elastic portions 3 are pinched, and the entire spring 1 is compressed in the axial direction.

In this case, it acts as a compression spring.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, when a tensile force is applied in the axial direction of the spring 1, each elastic part 3 is bent and the spaces between them are expanded, and the entire spring 1 is extended in the axial direction. In this case, it acts as a tension spring.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, when a bending force is applied to the spring 1, each elastic portion 3 is bent and the entire spring 1 is curved. In this case, it acts as a bending spring.

Although not shown, when both ends of the spring 1 are rotated in opposite directions, each elastic portion 3 is bent and the entire spring 1 is twisted. In this case, it acts as a torsion spring.

In this way, the spring of this embodiment can be easily manufactured by simply forming the notches 2 by cutting.

Further, if the pitch of the notches 2 is changed or the outer diameter of the spring 1 is changed, the elastic force of the elastic portion 3 changes accordingly, so the elastic modulus of the spring 1 can be changed arbitrarily. For example, if the pitch of the notches 2 is widened, the elastic part 3 becomes difficult to bend, and a spring with a high elastic modulus can be easily manufactured.

Although the spring 1 of this embodiment is made of a cylindrical material, for example, as shown in the spring 4 shown in FIGS. It may be manufactured by forming the cut 2. In this case, since the amount of cutting when forming the cut 2 can be reduced by the amount of the through hole 5, manufacturing becomes easier.

Next, a spring 6 of a second embodiment embodying this invention will be described.
will be explained according to FIG.

Like the spring 1 of the first embodiment, this spring 6 is also made of aluminum and has a cylindrical shape, and has a large number of notches 7 formed on its outer periphery. These notches 7 are similar to the spring 1 of the first embodiment, and only the pitch of the notches 7 is different. The pitch of the notches 7 on the left half of the spring 6 is the same as that of the spring 1 of the first embodiment, and the pitch of the notches 7 on the right half of the spring 6 is set narrower than the pitch of the spring 1 of the first embodiment. Therefore, the width of the right side elastic part 8b is narrower than the width of the left side elastic part 8a of the spring 6 defined by each notch 7, and accordingly, the right side elastic part 8b is smaller than the left side elastic part 8a. It is easy to bend.

When the various external forces described in the first embodiment are applied to such a spring 6, the narrow right elastic portion 8b is first elastically deformed, and when this elastic portion 8b is no longer elastically deformed. , this time, the wide elastic portion 8a on the left side is elastically deformed.

Therefore, the force that causes the spring 6 to elastically deform is light at first, but a large force is required in the middle, and the spring 6
The relationship between the external force applied to the spring 6 and the strain generated in the spring 6 is not linearly proportional but nonlinear.

In this way, the spring 6 of this embodiment can be provided with nonlinear characteristics by simply changing the pitch of the notches 7 as appropriate.

Although the pitch of the notches 7 was changed in the spring 6 of this embodiment, for example, as in the spring 9 shown in FIG. , 11b may be formed to communicate in the axial direction, and the thickness of the spring 9 may be changed in the axial direction. In this case, the elastic part 1 on the thinner side
0a is thin and easily deformed, and the thicker elastic part 10b is thick and difficult to deform, so the spring 9
The characteristics of can be made nonlinear. Further, like the spring 12 shown in FIG. 10, the pitches of the notches 13 may be maintained at equal intervals, and the notches 13 may have a truncated conical shape with the same wall thickness. In this case, the characteristics of the spring 12 can be made non-linear because the portions with large outer diameters are easily deformed.

Next, a third embodiment of the spring 1 embodying the present invention will be described.
4 will be explained according to FIG.

Like the springs 1 and 6 of the first and second embodiments, this spring 14 is also made of aluminum and has a cylindrical shape, and has a large number of notches 15 formed on its outer periphery. These notches 15 are all similar to those of the spring 1 of the first embodiment, and the difference is that male threads 16 as attachment parts are integrally formed at both ends of the spring 14.

The spring 14 of this embodiment is interposed between a pair of movable members 17 (only one of which is shown in FIG. 11) that moves toward and away from each other to buffer the movement toward and away from each other. Both male threads 16 of the spring 14 are screwed into female threads 18 formed on the movable member 17, respectively.

In this way, the spring 14 of this embodiment has the movable member 17
Since the male screw 16 for fixing to the spring 14 is integrally molded with the spring 14, there is extremely little risk of the male screw 16 being damaged, and the fixing work can be easily and reliably performed.

The spring 14 of this embodiment has male threads 16 formed at both ends, and a female thread 1 formed on the movable member 17 to correspond to the male threads 16.
8 is formed, however, on the contrary, the spring 14 may be formed with a female thread 18 and the movable member 17 may be formed with a male thread 16. Further, depending on the use of the spring 14, the male thread 16 may be formed only at one end.

Next, a spring 1 of a fourth embodiment embodying the present invention will be described.
9 will be explained according to FIG.

This spring 19 is made of aluminum and has a rectangular cylindrical shape, and its notch 20 is the same as that of the spring 1 of the first embodiment. Note that this spring 19 is made by cutting a rod-shaped material having the same external shape as this into an arbitrary length.

The spring 19 of this embodiment is interposed between a pair of movable members 21 (only one of which is shown in FIG. 12) that reciprocates in opposite directions, and is used to cushion the reciprocating rotation. , therefore both ends of the spring 19 are connected to the movable member 2
1, each of which is fitted in a rectangular engaging recess 22, with its rotation being prevented.

In this way, the spring 19 of this embodiment can be firmly and non-rotatably attached to the movable member 21 by simply fitting its end into the engagement recess 22 of the movable member 21, thereby preventing damage. There is no fear.

Furthermore, in order to manufacture the spring 19 having a rectangular cross section, it is only necessary to cut the bar material, and the manufacturing thereof is extremely easy. Note that the engagement recess in the spring of the present invention includes a through hole in addition to the four parts 22 as in this embodiment.

Although the spring 19 in this embodiment has a square cylindrical shape, it may have a triangular or hexagonal cylindrical shape, and the engagement recess 22 of the movable member 21 may also have a corresponding shape.

Moreover, the spring 1 of the first to fourth embodiments described above
．． In No. 6, 14, and 19, cuts 2, 7, and 15, 20 were formed at phase positions shifted by 90 degrees, but the phase angle of the cuts in the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, They may be formed at phase positions shifted by 120 degrees. Further, the number, width, etc. of the notches 2°7.15.20 can also be arbitrarily changed according to the use of the spring 1.6.14.19.

Next, a third embodiment of a spring 2 embodying the present invention will be described.
3 will be explained according to FIGS. 13 and 14.

This spring 23 has a cylindrical shape made of aluminum,
A hole formed through the center is a through hole 24. A notch 25 with a constant width is formed on the outer surface of the spring 23 so as to extend spirally in the axial direction.
communicates with the through hole 24. Therefore, the notch 25 forms an elastic portion 26 that extends spirally in the axial direction. Further, the pitch of the notches 25 is set to gradually become narrower from the left end to the right end of the spring 23, and accordingly, the width of the elastic portion 26 also becomes gradually narrower from the left end to the right end. Therefore, the right side of the elastic portion 26 is easily bent.

When the various external forces described in the first embodiment are applied to this spring 23, the elastic portion 26 first starts to elastically deform from the narrow right end side, and as the right end side stops elastically deforming, the elastic part 26 starts to elastically deform. Gradually move the part to the left end.

Therefore, the force that causes the spring 23 to elastically deform is light at first, and gradually becomes larger.
The relationship between the external force applied to spring 23 and the strain generated in spring 23 is not linearly proportional but nonlinear. The deformation characteristics of the spring 2'3 can be easily changed by simply changing the pitch of the notches 25 as appropriate.

In this way, the spring 23 of this embodiment can be given nonlinear characteristics by simply changing the pitch of the spiral notches 25 as appropriate.

Note that in the spring 23 of this embodiment, the width of the elastic portion 26 is changed by changing the pitch of the notches 25 in the axial direction. However, the width of the elastic portion 26 can be changed.

Next, a spring 3 of a sixth embodiment embodying this invention
0 will be explained according to FIG. 15.16.

This spring 30 has a cylindrical shape made of aluminum,
On its outer peripheral surface, a large number of cuts 31 to 37 and 39 to 41 perpendicular to the axis of the spring 30 are arranged in parallel in the axial direction by a metal saw.

Each of the notches 31 to 37 and 39 to 41 are arranged in pairs to face each other with the rotational axis of the spring 30 in between, and one end of the spring 30 (the left end in FIG. 32, and third to tenth cuts 33 to 37, and 39 to 40 are sequentially formed on the right side,
The other end of the spring (the right end in FIG. 15) is an eleventh notch 41 and a twelfth notch (not shown).

Elastic parts 43 to 47 having elasticity in the shape of a circle 511i are formed between each set of cuts 31 to 37 and 39 to 41.

Each set of mutually opposing cuts 31-37°39-4
1 communicate with each other at the axial center of the spring 30, and triangular connecting portions 318 to 35a, 37 are provided on both sides of the communicating point, respectively.
a to 39a, 41a, and 42a are formed. Further, each set of notches 31 to 37 and 39 to 41 are arranged with a phase shift of 906 in the circumferential direction of the spring 30. As a result, each connecting portion 318 to 3 adjacent in the axial direction
58. 37a to 39a, 41a, and 42a are also at 90° to each other
These connecting portions 31a to 35a, 37
a to 39a, 41a, and 42a, each of the elastic parts 43 to
47 are connected and continue in the axial direction. When an external force is applied to the spring 30, each of the elastic parts 43 to 47 is elastically deformed.

Next, the manufacturing procedure of this spring 30 will be described. First, a metal saw is cut into the outer peripheral surface of a cylindrical material to form a first cut 31 having an arc-shaped bottom. Next, a metal saw is cut into the opposite surface of the first cut 31 to form the second cut 32, which also has an arcuate bottom, so as to communicate with the first cut 31. Since the metal saw 〇 has a disk shape, when connecting both notches 31 and 32, triangular connecting parts 31a and 3 are placed on both sides of the communicating part.
2a are left uncut.

Furthermore, a metal saw 〇 is cut at a position slightly shifted to the right from the first and second notches 31, 32, with a phase shift of 90' relative to these notches 31, 32, and the bottom part is in the shape of an arc. A third cut 33 is formed. Next, cut a metal saw 〇 into the opposite side of this third cut 33,
A fourth notch 34 having an arcuate bottom and communicating with the third notch 33 described above is formed. At this time, there are also triangular connecting portions 33a on both sides of the communicating portion of the notches 33° and 34.

34a are each left uncut. As described above, the connecting portion 3
Connecting portions 33a, 34 that are 90' out of phase with 1a, 32a
a is formed.

Thereafter, the above-mentioned procedure is repeated, and the fifth and fourth notches are made which are 90' out of phase with respect to the third and fourth notches 33.34, that is, the fifth and second notches are in the same phase as the first and second notches 31.32. 6 cuts 35 and 36 are formed, a seventh cut 37 and an eighth cut (not shown) in the same phase as the third and fourth cuts 33 and 34 are formed, and finally an eleventh cut 41 and 12th notches (not shown) are formed. As a result, each of the cuts 31 to 37 adjacent to each other in the axial direction of the material
．． Between 39 and 41 are disk-shaped elastic parts 43 to 41, respectively.
47 is formed, and the fabrication of the spring 30 is completed.

In this way, the spring 30 of this embodiment is manufactured by cutting the spring 30 in the same way as the spring 1 of the first embodiment.
37. 39 to 41 can be easily manufactured using a plastic plate.

Furthermore, if the pitch of the cuts 31 to 37, 39 to 41 is changed, or the outer diameter of the spring 30 is changed, the elastic force of the elastic parts 43 to 47 changes accordingly, so the elastic modulus of the spring 30 can be adjusted arbitrarily. Can be changed.

In addition, the springs 1.6 of all the embodiments explained above.
14, 19, 23, and 30 were made of aluminum,
The material is not limited to this, and for example, it may be made of steel or synthetic resin.

In addition, the spring 1°6.14 of each example detailed above
．． It goes without saying that 19.23.30 can be used for various devices, but it can also be used for various purposes other than devices. For example, it may be applied to a seal stamp, and in this case, the plurality of notches 2 of the first embodiment are formed on the outer periphery of the stamp near the pressing surface on which characters are formed. When using a seal configured in this way, even if the pressing surface and the paper surface are not parallel, the elastic portion 3 formed by the notch 2
By bending, the pressing surface can be brought into close contact with the paper surface, and a clear stamp can always be stamped.

[Effects of the Invention] As detailed above, the springs of the second and seventh inventions have the excellent effect of being easily manufactured even when the elastic modulus is high.

According to the springs of the second to fourth inventions, in addition to the effects of the springs of the first invention, they have the excellent effect of improving nonlinear characteristics, being easy to manufacture, and making it possible to set the product price at a low price. play.

According to the springs of the fifth and sixth inventions, in addition to the effects of the springs of the first invention, they have the excellent effect that they can be firmly attached to the object to which they are attached, and there is no risk of damage to the attachment point. .

According to the method for manufacturing a spring of the third aspect of the invention, an excellent effect is achieved in that the spring can be manufactured easily even when the elastic modulus is high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 show a spring of a first embodiment embodying the present invention, FIG. 1 is a front view of the spring, FIG. 2 is a side view of the spring, and FIG. 3 is a compressive force applied to the spring. FIG. 4 is a front view showing the state in which a tensile force is applied to the spring, FIG. 5 is a front view showing the state in which a bending force is applied to the spring, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view showing another example of the spring, and FIG. 8 is a side view as well.
The figure is a front view showing a spring of the second embodiment embodying the present invention, FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing another example of the spring of the second embodiment, and FIG. 10 is another example of the spring of the second embodiment. 11 is a sectional view showing an example, and FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a spring of a third embodiment embodying the present invention together with a movable member.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing a spring according to a fourth embodiment embodying the present invention together with a movable member, Fig. 13 is a front view showing a spring according to a fifth embodiment embodying the present invention, and Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the same. 15 is a front view showing a spring of the sixth embodiment embodying the present invention, and FIG. 16 is a front view showing the spring shown in FIG. 15.
- It is an X-ray sectional view. 2.7, 10.13.15.20, 25.31-37,
39-41 are notches, 3.8a, 8b. 10a, 10b, 26. 43-47 are elastic parts, 16 is a male screw as a mounting part, 17.21 is a movable member as a mounting object, 22 is an engagement recess, 24 is a through hole, 31a-3
5a, 37a to 39a, 41a, and 42a are connecting parts, and C is a metal saw.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of incisions (2, 7, 10, 13, 15, 20) that are substantially parallel to each other are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface so that adjacent incisions (2, 7, 10 , 13, 15, 20
) between the elastic parts (3, 8a, 8b, 10a, 10b,)
A spring with a 2. A plurality of notches (7) substantially parallel to each other are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface so as to be lined up at uneven pitches, and elastic parts (8a, 8) having different widths are formed between adjacent notches (7).
b) A spring provided with. 3. It has a cylindrical shape whose wall thickness changes in the axial direction, and a plurality of cuts (10) are formed at different phase positions on the outer surface so as to be lined up in the axial direction and are substantially parallel to each other. ) with different thicknesses between the elastic parts (10a, 1
0b). 4. A through hole (24) is formed that penetrates in the axial direction, and a notch (25) that also extends spirally in the axial direction is formed on the outer surface so as to communicate with the through hole (24). A spring provided with an elastic part (26) that extends spirally and whose width changes. 5. Mounting part (16) for fixing to the mounting object (17)
) is integrally molded on one side. 6. The spring according to claim 1, which has the same shape as the engagement recess (22) of the attachment target (21). 7. Multiple cuts with arc-shaped bottoms (31 to 37, 3
9 to 41) are arranged opposite to each other with the rotation axis in between, and each pair of opposing notches (31 to 37, 39 to 4
1), and triangular connecting portions (31a to 35a, 37a to 39a, 41a, 42
a), and each set of incisions (31-37, 39-
41) are arranged in parallel in the axial direction to form plate-shaped elastic parts (43 to 47) between them, and the phases of the notches (31 to 37, 39 to 41) adjacent to each other in the axial direction are shifted. Connecting parts (31a to 35a, 37a to 39a, 41
a, 42a) out-of-phase springs. 8. A step of cutting a rotary processing tool (C) such as a metal saw into one side of the material to form a first notch (31) with an arcuate bottom; and a step opposite to the first notch (31). Rotating tool (C)
, and the bottom is arcuate and the first notch described above (
31), and triangular connecting parts (31a,
32a), and a rotary processing tool is placed at a position offset from the first and second cuts (31, 32) in the axial direction so as to have a phase different from these cuts (31, 32). Cut (C) into
a step of forming a third notch (33) having an arcuate bottom; and a rotary processing tool (C) on the opposite side of the third notch (33);
, and the bottom is arcuate and the third notch (
33), and a triangular connecting part (33a,
34a) and the third and fourth notches (33, 34) and the first and second notches (31, 34).
32) forming a plate-shaped elastic part (43) between the spring and the spring.