JPH0349624A - Cultivation of shiitake mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application 'ff) The present invention relates to a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms using so-called elliptical trees, and more specifically, it involves separating inoculated logs from the soil surface. Related to a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms in a retained state. (Conventional technology) Generally, shiitake mushrooms are cultivated by barrel cultivation using logs of various mesenchymal trees, including Quercus serrata and sawtooth oak. Generally speaking, the selection conditions for the so-called ``oval field'' where the work is performed are that it has good drainage and ventilation, and is slightly dry, but recently, in consideration of workability, efficiency, etc. It is now often cultivated in artificial elliptical fields with artificial shade.In this method of cultivation in artificial elliptical fields, moisture management is particularly important during the growth of arbor trees and during the resting period after fruiting bodies appear. It is said that the success of shiitake cultivation is determined by environmental management.For this reason, growth management is carried out by improving drainage performance by laying gravel on the artificial ellipse or soil surface, and by selecting a well-ventilated location. Is going.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention and Purpose of the Invention) This method of cultivating Shiitake mushrooms in artificial tanks or in the body usually involves the entire process from inoculation of logs to the development of fruiting bodies. was carried out in contact with the soil surface. In this method, the Shiitake mushrooms in the oval water and the fungi in the soil are in constant contact with each other, and in particular, they are always in direct contact with Trichoderma fungi, which is the most harmful bacteria for Shiitake mushrooms, and the growth environment is Depending on the change, there is a risk that the Shiitake bacteria may die. In other words, Shiitake mushrooms can maintain an advantage over Trichoderma if they are in an environment suitable for their own growth, but when they are weakened after the fruiting body has developed or in hot and humid conditions outside of their optimal growth environment, Trichoderma It is often observed that the Shiitake fungus becomes dominant over the Shiitake fungus, and that the Shiitake fungus suffers great damage. In particular, it has become common practice in recent years to actively water to promote the growth of shiitake mycelium, such as when creating oval trees under abnormal weather conditions or during rest growth after fruiting bodies have emerged. In such cases, there is no way to release excess water other than relying on the soil's drainage capacity and natural drying through ventilation, making it impossible to maintain a suitable growth environment, resulting in overhumidity for Shiitake mushrooms, which often results in The actual situation was that they were suffering from damage caused by Trichoderma. The present invention was made in view of the problems in the conventional technology, and first of all, it is aimed to minimize the chances of contamination by harmful bacteria living in the soil, especially Trichoderma bacteria, which are harmful when cultivating shiitake mushrooms. I paid attention. To this end, we believe it is important to avoid contact between citrus trees and the soil surface where Trichoderma bacteria can live, and to prevent the surface of oval trees from being overly humid for long periods of time.

Therefore, we considered cultivating Shiitake mushrooms without direct contact between the oval trees and the soil surface, and found that conventionally, the inoculated logs are passed over blocks and piled up in a cross-shaped pattern to grow Shiitake mushrooms. However, this method is basically disadvantageous in that logs with a uniform diameter must be prepared because it is stacked in parallel rows, and it is difficult to water the logs to promote the growth of the inoculated shiitake mushrooms. The problem is that the number of logs that can be stored in a citrus farm is about 70 to 100 per tsubo due to the uneven distribution of water and restrictions depending on the diameter of the logs and the height of the citrus farm. there were.

Naturally, in order to increase the number of logs that can be stored in the oval field, it is preferable to stack the logs vertically. However, when considering from a practical point of view, it is easy to arrange a large number of inoculated logs in a vertical pile at a distance from the soil surface, but the weight of each log is 8 to 15 kg. It is not easy to stack 100 to 150 logs per tsubo and maintain these logs stably for more than a year and maintain the Shiitake mushroom fungus in an appropriate growth environment. There was found.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating shiitake mushrooms that can stably maintain inoculated logs and grow shiitake fungi under an appropriate growth environment.

<Means for Solving the Problems> The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems and achieve the intended purpose. Cultivation of Shiitake mushrooms, which is maintained at a distance from the soil surface using a support, and inoculated logs are piled up on the perforated hardboard, and cultivation of Shiitake mushrooms and generation of fruiting bodies are carried out by conventional methods. It lies in the method. (Function) According to the method of the present invention, in which the inoculated logs are piled up on a perforated hard board that is held apart from the soil surface by a support, the Shiitake mushrooms are absorbed into the soil. It is protected from harmful bacteria such as Trichoderma bacteria that live on the surface, and when watering logs, water is applied evenly and drains well.

(Examples, etc.) Next, examples and test examples of the method of the present invention will be specifically explained. The logs used in the present invention are conventionally used oak, oak, etc. The method of inoculating Shiitake mushrooms with Shiitake fungi is the same as conventional methods, such as the sawdust inoculation method and the seed inoculation method. In order to bring about sufficient propagation, it is subjected to so-called "laying down". According to the method of the present invention, this laying down is done by placing cement appropriately placed on the soil surface with good drainage performance as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Support consisting of blocks 10.10...
This is carried out by laying a perforated hardboard 11 on top and piling the inoculated logs A, A, . . . on top of the hardboard 11. That is, the perforated hardboard l1 is separated from the soil surface by the supports to, to..., and the inoculated logs A, A...
Since it is arranged on this perforated hard board 11, the contact between the soil and the shiitake mushrooms inoculated into the log is completely cut off. Incidentally, pillars 12, 12, .
・ is provided to keep stacked logs A, A, etc. stable. The above-mentioned perforated hardboard 11 refers to a hardboard that has a large number of holes, and the shape of the holes may be diamond-shaped, round, triangular, etc., and the diameter of the holes is sufficiently larger than the diameter of the raw wood. It is sufficient that the holes are small in size, and the arrangement of the holes does not matter; for example, the holes may be in the form of a net, a grid, or the like. Such a perforated hardboard 11 has a strength that allows 200 to 250 logs per tsubo to be stacked and stably maintained for a period of one year or more, and has the ability to generate mycelium on the inoculated logs. When watering is carried out to promote the growth of cherry blossom trees, water with good drainage is used to prevent moisture absorption. X-banded metal (mesh board), which is a material commonly used for 8-step stairs in gymnasiums, etc., can be used.

In addition to expanded metal, a perforated hard plate made of hard synthetic resin material or the like may also be used. In addition, the number of logs A per tsubo to be stacked is limited by the diameter of the logs, but if the diameter is about 10C, 200 to 2
50 pieces/tsubo.

Logs A, A... stacked in this way are
Turn the mushrooms upside down several times and water them actively to encourage the growth of shiitake mycelium.

Next, fully ripened citrus trees (usually logs that have been fully infested with shiitake mushroom mycelia after 1 year of inoculation) are moved, soaked in water using a conventional method, and left to grow fruiting bodies. to harvest.

Chopped Quercus from Fukushima Prefecture (diameter 10CI+, length 90cIl) 2
00 plants were inoculated with 20 to 25 Shiitake seeds per plant in March. Next, in half of the artificial ellipse, expanded metal was laid on appropriately placed blocks, and 100 Quercus serrata trees, which had already been inoculated, were piled up and laid down on top of the expanded metal (hereinafter referred to as the "test area"). In one half of the artificial ellipse, 100 seedlings of Quercus serrata were laid down with one end touching the soil surface (hereinafter referred to as the "control area"). Growth management was carried out using the artificial ellipse. The test area was set at a temperature of 15°C to 23°C and a relative humidity of 70% or less.
In both the control plots, the plants were turned over twice by the fall of the year of inoculation, and the plants were watered actively. In October of the year of inoculation, 10 logs from each area were arbitrarily sampled to examine the ovalization rate in order to examine the state of citrus.

The results are shown in Table 1 below.Furthermore, fruiting body development tests were conducted on the test plots and control plots. In this test, fully ripened tank trees were submerged in water every month from June to October of the year following inoculation in both the test and control plots to allow fruiting bodies to develop. That is, in both districts, 100 oval trees were submerged in water in early June under the same conditions, fruiting bodies were generated, the grown fruiting bodies were harvested in mid-June, and the plants were allowed to rest and grow until early July. Next, the rest-grown citrus tree is submerged in water again, and fruiting bodies are generated.
By repeating this procedure, the growing fruiting bodies were harvested five times by mid-October. II Average weight of fruiting bodies harvested per tree (
g/book) are shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 As is clear from Tables 1 and 2 above, the test areas were:
The fruiting rate was more than 10% higher than in the control plot, and the weight of the fruiting body harvested from each tree was about 1.5 times as large.

(Effects of the Invention) (1) The method of the present invention is configured as described above, and cultivates shiitake mushrooms in a vertical manner by keeping inoculated logs separated from the soil surface on a perforated hard board. This makes it possible to minimize the chances of contamination by harmful bacteria such as Trichoderma that live on the soil surface, and as a result, it is possible to improve the ovalization rate of citrus trees compared to conventional cultivation methods, and to reduce the fruiting body. (2) In the method of the present invention, the inoculated logs are kept separated from the soil surface and stacked vertically on perforated hardboards, so compared to the conventional stacking method. Because it can accommodate 2 to 3 times more logs per unit area, it is possible to efficiently utilize artificial citrus gardens, etc.
Also, when watering, water can be applied evenly to the logs,
Since drainage is also improved, the inoculated Shiitake mushrooms can be grown efficiently in an appropriate environment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the state of implementation of the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view showing an example of a perforated hard plate used in the method of the present invention. 10...Support, l1...Perforated hard plate, A.
...Inoculated logs.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) Hold the perforated hardboard apart from the soil surface using a support,
The method is characterized in that the inoculated logs are piled up on the perforated hardboard, and the logs are grown and fruiting bodies are generated by conventional methods.
How to cultivate shiitake mushrooms.