JPH0351570B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0351570B2
JPH0351570B2 JP26398486A JP26398486A JPH0351570B2 JP H0351570 B2 JPH0351570 B2 JP H0351570B2 JP 26398486 A JP26398486 A JP 26398486A JP 26398486 A JP26398486 A JP 26398486A JP H0351570 B2 JPH0351570 B2 JP H0351570B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
stretched
temperature
solvent
stretching
polyethylene
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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JP26398486A
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Japanese (ja)
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JPS63118234A (en
Inventor
Harumi Watanabe
Kisoo Moriguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Application filed by Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd filed Critical Asahi Chemical Industry Co Ltd
Priority to JP26398486A priority Critical patent/JPS63118234A/en
Publication of JPS63118234A publication Critical patent/JPS63118234A/en
Publication of JPH0351570B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0351570B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、超高分子量ポリエチレンを用いて高
強度、高弾性率を有した延伸物を効率よくかつ断
面積の小さいものから大きいものまで幅広い範囲
で製造するのに好適な製造方法に関する。 〔従来の技術〕 超高分子量ポリエチレンを用いて高強度高弾性
率を有する延伸物を製造する方法として、例え
ば、特開昭61−193826号公報(以下引例という。)
において、溶媒を含有するか、または溶媒を含有
しない成形品を特定の条件にて、加熱された膨潤
剤中に浸漬し膨潤させた後、ゲル化温度以下に冷
却し、次いで昇温下に延伸することにより高強
力、高弾性率を有する延伸物が得られることが知
られている。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 しかしながら、引例において利用する成形品の
好ましい例として、搬送部及び混練部を備えるス
クリユー押出機中で昇温下にて溶媒中高分子量ポ
リオレフインの懸濁液を均一溶液にした後、成形
品に変形された製品(引例明細書3ページ右下3
行〜8行)が記載されており、溶媒を含有する成
形品を製造する為には、高分子量ポリオレフイン
の均一溶液の製造が必須であること、又この成形
品を用いて得られる延伸物は比較的断面積の小さ
いものしか得られないなど、先の問題点は依然解
決されていない。又溶媒を含まない成形品を用い
た例として0.5mm厚さの圧縮成形板での例が記載
されている。(引例実施例〜)。 本発明者らは肉厚が比較的厚い成形品(例えば
3mm厚さ)を用いて、引例の特定条件にて膨潤処
理した後、冷却し延伸しようとしてみたが成形品
の膨潤度が不均一であるため、均一な延伸が出来
ず、高倍率の延伸が達成されない。浸漬時間及び
浸漬温度を引例の特許請求の範囲内で最大の条件
で浸漬膨潤処理を実施した場合にも、成形品の表
面からのポリマーの溶出を促進するのみで、均一
な膨潤体は得られなかつた。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 本発明者らは、超高分子量ポリエチレンを用
い、稀薄溶液を調整することなく、効率的に、高
強力高弾性率を有し、しかも比較的断面積の大き
な延伸物迄も製造可能な方法について、鋭意検討
した結果、超高分子量ポリエチレンの成形体をそ
の融点以上の温度に加熱された溶剤中に浸漬する
と、急速に溶剤を吸収し溶融膨潤するものの、そ
の形状を長時間保持しており、更に冷却後、溶剤
を除去した乾燥フイルムが多孔質で、高温にて高
い延伸性を示すことを見出したことをきつかけ
に、更に鋭意研究を続けた結果、比較的肉厚の厚
い成形品においても特定の条件にて予熱膨潤処理
した後、融解開始温度以上に加熱された溶剤中で
浸漬膨潤処理し、冷却後延伸することにより高倍
率迄均一に延伸することが可能であり、しかも特
定の温度範囲で予備延伸したのち、冷却させ、昇
温し延伸することにより、広い範囲の断面積を有
する延伸物を、高強力、高弾性率を保持したまま
製造出来ることがわかり、本発明に至つた。 すなわち本発明は 1 重量平均分子量が1×106以上のポリエチレ
ンからなる成形体を予熱湿潤処理を施した後、
該ポリエチレンを膨潤しうる溶剤を用い、該ポ
リエチレンの融解開始温度以上、該溶剤の沸点
未満の温度において浸漬膨潤せしめ、次いで得
られた膨潤体を2倍以上の延伸倍率にて予備延
伸した後冷却固化し、更に昇温し延伸すること
を特徴とする延伸ポリエチレンの製造方法。 2 使用する成形体が圧縮成形、押出成形及び焼
結成形から得られる成形体である前記第1項の
製造方法。 3 予熱湿潤処理温度が該ポリエチレンの溶解温
度以下であり、予熱湿潤処理時間が該溶剤が該
成形体の内部迄充分に浸透できる時間を越え、
該成形体の表面が膨潤を開始する時間未満であ
る前記第1項及び第2項の製造方法。 4 得られる延伸物の厚さ又は直径が200μ以上
である前記第1項、第2項及び第3項の製造方
法。 を提供する。 本発明に用いられる超高分子量ポリエチレンと
しては、エチレンあるいはエチレンと少量の他の
α−オレフイン、例えばプロピレン、ブテン−
1,4−メチルペンテン−1、ヘキセン−1等と
を、いわゆるチーグラー重合等遷移金属触媒を用
いて重合することにより得られるポリエチレンの
中で、重量平均分子量が1×106以上のものが用
いられる。重量平均分子量が1×106未満のもの
は溶剤による膨潤処理において溶出し易いばかり
でなく、延伸後高い性能を有する延伸物が得られ
にくい。 又、その重量平均分子量が、1×107を越える
ものについては、一般に、成形することが困難で
あるため、余り使用されないが、本発明において
は、その平均分子量が1×107を超えるものにつ
いても利用できる。 本発明に用いられる超高分子量ポリエチレンの
成形体は、棒状、テープ状、中空状又は多孔質体
など任意の形状を有する成形体が利用できる。本
発明に用いられる成形体の厚さ又は直径として
は、焼結成形体であれば約0.5mm〜約50mm、好ま
しくは5mm〜30mmの範囲であり、押出あるいは圧
縮成形により得られる成形体であれば0.1mm〜20
mm好ましくは3mm〜10mmの範囲である。 本発明に用いられる超高分子量ポリエチレンの
成形体の製造方法としては、例えば圧縮成形板か
ら連続的に切削しテープ状にする方法、超高分子
量ポリエチレン粉末を多孔質板状体とした後、ロ
ール圧延して連続したフイルムを製造する方法、
ラム押出により棒状に成形する方法、超高分子量
ポリエチレンの粉末を一定形状の成形型に充填
し、加熱処理することにより焼結多孔質体を製造
する方法、などが用いられる。 本発明に用いられる超高分子量ポリエチレンを
膨潤しうる溶剤としては、該超高分子量ポリエチ
レン成形体内部に容易に浸透し、更に加熱時によ
く膨潤させうる溶剤であれば特に限定されない
が、上記条件を満す溶剤としては自ら限定され
る。すなわち、該超高分子量ポリエチレンの有す
る溶解パラメーターに近い溶解パラメーターを有
し、かつあまり分子容の大きくない溶剤が好まし
く、更には加熱時によく膨潤させるためには、該
溶剤の沸点が該超高分子量ポリエチレンの融解開
始温度と同等もしくはそれ以上であることが好ま
しい。具体的には該溶剤の溶解パラメータの範囲
が7.3〜9.3であり、その沸点としては120℃以上
である溶剤を用いることが好ましい。例えばn−
ノナン、n−デカン、n−ウンデカン及びn−ド
デカン等の脂肪族炭化水素化合物及びキシレン、
ブチルベンゼン、シクロヘキシルベンゼン、ドデ
シルベンゼン、デカリン及びテトラリン等の芳香
族炭化水素化合物及びその水素化誘導体、更には
トリクロロベンゼン、ジクロルベンゼン等のハロ
ゲン化炭化水素溶媒等が挙げられる。ここでいう
溶解パラメータとは、単位体積当りの蒸発エネル
ギーを△E(cal/mole)その物質の分子容をV
〔c.c.〕で表わすとすれば、溶解パラメータδは下
式で表わされる。 δ=(△E/V)1/2 本発明における予熱湿潤処理は、該超高分子量
ポリチレンの延伸前成形体を表面のみ膨潤させる
ことなく内部迄均一に昇温かつ湿潤せしめるため
に必要である。その処理方法としては、例えば、
あらかじめ該成形体を溶解しない熱媒によつて加
熱され、均一昇温した後に、該ポリエチレンの溶
解温度以下に加熱された溶剤中に浸漬し湿潤する
方法、又は初めから該ポリエチレンの溶解温度以
下に加熱された溶剤中に浸漬し、予熱処理と湿潤
処理を同時に行なう方法が掲げられる。本発明で
用いるところの該ポリエチレンの溶解温度とは、
使用する成形体の結晶化度及び溶剤により変化す
るが、以下の方法で定義されるものである。すな
わち、一定重量を有する成形体を種々の温度にて
溶剤中に10分間浸漬した後室温迄冷却し、表面に
付着している溶剤を除いてその重量の変化を測定
し、温度に対してその重量増加度をプロツトした
際、その重量が急激に増大する直剤の温度を溶解
温度と定義する方法である。例えば溶剤としてデ
カリンを用い、結晶化度50%である成形体での場
合、その溶解温度は約105℃である。 本発明における予熱湿潤処理温度としてはその
処理方法により変化するが、例えばあらかじめ、
該成形体を溶解しない熱媒(例えば空気、不活性
ガス、熱水など)によつて該成形体を加熱する場
合には、該超高分子量ポリエチレンの融解開始温
度を越えることがなく、該成形体を湿潤するに充
分な温度が好ましい。又、溶剤中に浸漬し予熱処
理と湿潤処理を同時に行なう場合には、先の方法
により定義される溶解温度以下であり、かつそれ
より−30℃以内の範囲である。これらの範囲を外
れる場合には膨潤処理において均一な膨潤体は得
られない。 本発明における予熱湿潤処理時間としては上記
処理温度において延伸前成形体の内部迄を均一に
昇温しうる時間であり、あらかじめ該成形体を溶
解しない熱媒を用いて該成形体を加熱した後、加
熱溶剤に浸漬し湿潤処理ある場合には、前半の工
程での加熱時間としては、該成形体の厚さ又直径
が0.1mmを越え20mm未満の範囲では、0.5〜200分
の範囲であり、厚さ又は直径が3mmを越え10mm未
満の範囲では3〜60分の範囲である。後半の工程
での加熱溶剤中に浸漬し、湿潤処理する時間とし
ては、該成形体の厚さ又は直径が上記範囲の場合
それぞれ0.5〜60分、及び3〜30分の範囲である。
又加熱溶剤中に浸漬し予熱処理と湿潤処理とを同
時に行なう場合には、その予熱湿潤処理時間とし
ては、該成形体の厚さ又は直径が上記範囲の場合
にはそれぞれ0.5〜200分、3〜60分の範囲である
ことが好ましい。 予熱湿潤処理時間を短かくする為に、溶剤中に
浸漬する際、超音波処理を併用して用いる方法、
及び使用する溶剤がハロゲン化炭化水素であれば
高周波加熱処理を併用して用いる方法も利用でき
る。 本発明における予熱湿潤処理を行なう際に、焼
結成形により得られる多孔質成形体を本発明に用
いる場合にはあらかじめ、気孔内部を溶剤と置換
しておくことが好ましい。例えば減圧下で使用す
る溶剤中に浸漬する方法を用いることが出来る。
減圧にすることにより気孔内部の空気を取除き、
その後常圧に戻すことにより、焼結体の気孔部に
溶剤を含浸することが出来る。又この方法は予熱
湿潤処理する際同時に用いることも可能である。 これらの処理を行なうことにより、あらかじめ
成形体内部迄均一に昇温及び湿潤出来る為その後
の膨潤を均一にかつ急速に行なうことができる。
このことは成形体の凝集状態を緩和し、より溶剤
の成形体内部への浸透性を高めているものと考え
られる。 本発明の予熱湿潤された超高分子量ポリエチレ
ンの成形体は該ポリエチレンの融解開始温度以
上、使用する溶剤の沸点未満の温度において、浸
漬膨潤処理される。具体的な膨潤処理温度として
は、使用する溶剤の種類により異なるが、一般的
には、120〜220℃の範囲であり予熱湿潤処理温度
よりも高い温度である。又膨潤に処する時間とし
ては、使用する成形体、溶剤及び処理温度により
異なるが、具体的には0.1〜20分の範囲である。
本発明における溶剤中での浸漬膨潤処理の温度及
び時間が上記範囲を外れる場合には、例えば処理
温度が120℃未満である場合には処理時間を20分
以上にして実施しても、延伸時に高倍率にて延伸
可能な膨潤体は得られない。又処理温度が220℃
よりも高い場合には、成形品表面からの超高分子
量ポリエチレンの溶出が多く延伸に適した膨潤体
が得られない。本発明における予熱湿潤処理を実
施した場合にのみ、比較的断面積が大きい成形体
を用いて膨潤後高度に延伸出来るのである。 本発明の膨潤した成形体は次いで冷却固化する
前に少なくとも2倍以上の延伸倍率にて予備延伸
される。その延伸条件として好ましい範囲として
は、その延伸温度範囲が膨潤した該ポリエチレン
成形体のゲル化温度以上、ゲル化温度+10℃未満
である。これ迄超高分子量ポリエチレンの稀薄溶
液を用いて紡糸延伸する場合、ドラフトを掛けて
巻取つた後延伸を行うと、得られる延伸物の強度
が著しく低下することが知られている。しかしな
がら本発明による多量に溶剤を含有する膨潤した
成形体を用いて冷却固化する前に予備延伸を行う
場合には、冷却固化後、更に昇温し延伸すること
によつて、得られる延伸物の強度を著しく低下さ
せることなく、種々の異なる断面積を有するもの
が製造出来ることがわかつた。特にその予備延伸
時の温度が、膨潤した該ポリエチレン成形体のゲ
ル化温度以上、ゲル化温度+10℃の範囲である場
合、特に得られる延伸物の強度の低下が小さいこ
とがわかつた。本発明に言うゲル化温度とは使用
する溶剤の種類、各処理温度及び時間によつて異
なるが一般的には75〜110℃の範囲である。この
ように膨潤した成形体においてはゲル化温度又は
それよりもわずかに高い温度で伸長結晶化させる
ことにより、その後昇温し延伸する場合にその延
伸倍率は低下するものの依然高い強度を保持して
いることがわかつた。 本発明の予備延伸された成形体は次いで室温迄
冷却して延伸に用いるが、その際には液体冷媒中
で急冷することにより冷却することが好ましい。
又冷却と同時に溶剤を抽出しうる液体冷媒を用い
ることにより工程を簡略化する方法も利用出来、
この目的に適した液体冷媒の例としては、メタノ
ール、n−ヘキサン、トリクロロエチレン、ジク
ロロメタン、メタノール又はトリクロロフルオロ
エタン等が挙げられる。 本発明における冷却固化した超高分子量ポリエ
チレンの膨潤成形体は、溶媒を含んだまま又は乾
燥後溶媒を含まない、のいずれの状態でも延伸に
用いることが可能であり、延伸温度が120℃以上
160℃以下の条件にて延伸される。この範囲を外
れた温度にて延伸した場合、本発明で言う高強力
高弾性率を有する延伸物は得られない。 本発明によつて得られる延伸物は溶剤を全く含
まないことが好ましく、更に高強度、高弾性率を
実現するために適した延伸条件としては上記温度
範囲に加熱された空気又は不活性ガスを熱媒とし
て使用し2段延伸以上の多段延伸により少なくと
も10倍以上の延伸倍率にて延伸されることが好ま
しい。特に最終延伸物が断面積の大きい延伸物で
ある場合には100%/min以下の延伸速度で行う
ことが好ましい。 本発明による方法を用いるとこれ迄に知られて
いる超高分子量ポリエチレンの延伸方法を用いて
得られる延伸物に比較して大なる厚さ又は直径を
有する延伸物を得ることができ、特に使用する延
伸前成形体の厚さ又は直径が3mmを越える場合に
は、得られる延伸物は200μ以上の厚さ又は直径
を有し、このような延伸物は先願の方法(特開昭
61−193826号公報)においても得られない範囲の
新しい延伸物である。 〔発明の効果〕 本発明は先願の特開昭61−193826号公報に比較
して、直径又は厚さが比較的大である溶媒を含ま
ない成形品についても、その膨潤時間をより短か
くでき、かつ均一に延伸しうる方法であり、更に
従来の方法に比較しても均一溶液を調整するとい
う繁雑な操作を行なうことなく、効率的に高性能
延伸物を安定して製造することが可能であり、し
かもこれ迄困難とされていた比較的大きな断面積
を有する延伸物迄も製造可能な優れた製造方法で
ある。 本発明の方法により得られる延伸物は、光フア
イバーの補強材を始め、海洋ロープ、レジヤー用
途、その他補強用途等幅広い分野で利用出来、産
業上極めて有用な製品となる。 〔実施例〕 次に実施例を挙げて、本発明を更に具体的に説
明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に何んら制約
されるものではない。 実施例 1 超高分子量ポリエチレン(サンフアイン−
UUH−900重量平均分子量3.3×106)を用いて厚
さが1.0mm、幅20mmのテープを作成した。このテ
ープを用いてあらかじめ100℃に加熱されたデカ
リン中に10分間浸漬し予熱湿潤処理を行い、その
後170℃に加熱されたデカリン浴に3分間浸漬し
膨潤させた。その後90℃の加熱デカリン浴中で6
倍延伸した後n−ヘキサンを冷媒とした冷却槽に
て冷却され同時に含有するデカリンの一部又は大
部分を抽出除去し、100℃に加熱された窒素気流
中にて乾燥し、多孔質な白色テープを得た。この
テープを用いて120℃の加熱延伸筒中にて12倍延
伸し更に135℃の加熱延伸筒中で2倍に延伸し
10μの透明な延伸物を得た。得られた延伸物を東
洋ボールドウイン社製テンシロンを用いて、試料
長100mm引張速度100mm/minの条件でその強伸度
特性を評価した。得られたS−S曲線よりJISL
−1013に従つて引張強度、初期弾性率を算出し
た。その結果を表1に示す。 実施例 2 実施例1と同様のポリエチレンを用いて直径6
mmの多孔質焼結体を作成した。この焼結体を室温
のデカリン浴に浸漬し、28KC/S、28Wの条件
で超音波を加えながら、系内を50mmHgに減圧し、
3分間放置した。その後常圧に戻したところ、白
色化していた多孔質焼結体は半透明化した。その
一部を取出し、浸漬剤との重量を比較したとこ
ろ、約1.7倍に重量が増加し、使用した焼結体の
気孔率が43%であることから、ほぼ気孔内部のほ
とんどにデカリンが浸透したと考えられる。この
デカリンを含有する焼結体を、あらかじめ100℃
に加熱されたデカリン浴に15分間浸漬し予熱湿潤
処理を行い、その後更に170℃に加熱されたデカ
リン浴に3分間浸漬し膨潤させた。その後90℃の
加熱デカリン浴中で4倍の予備延伸を行いn−ヘ
キサンを冷媒とした冷却槽にて冷却し、同時に含
有するデカリンの一部又は大部分を抽出除去し、
乾燥した予備延伸糸を得た。この延伸糸を用いて
130℃の加熱延伸筒にて10倍延伸し更に140℃の加
熱延伸筒を用いて2倍延伸し、直径0.5mmの光沢
ある延伸物が得られた。得られた延伸物を実施例
1と同様に評価し、その結果を表1に示す。 実施例 3 予備延伸比を10倍に変更する以外は実施例2と
同様にして予備延伸糸を作成した。この延伸糸を
用いて130℃の加熱延伸筒にて10倍延伸し更に140
℃の加熱延伸筒を用いて2倍延伸し、直径0.35mm
の光沢ある延伸物が得られた。得られた延伸物を
実施例1と同様に評価し、その結果を表1に示
す。 実施例 4 予備延伸比を50倍に変更する以外は実施例2と
同様にして予備延伸糸を作成した。この延伸糸を
用いて130℃の加熱延伸筒にて延伸したところ15
倍迄延伸出来、直径0.2mmの光沢ある延伸物が得
られた。得られた延伸物を実施例1と同様に評価
し、その結果を表1に示す。 実施例 5 超高分子量ポリエチレン(ハイゼツクスミリオ
ン240M重量平均分子量1.9×106)を用いて直径
10mmの棒状体を作成した。この成形体を用いてあ
らかじめ130℃に加熱されたオーブン中に30分間
放置し予熱しておき、次いで150℃に加熱された
デカリン中に10分間浸漬した。更にその温度を保
持したまま170℃に加熱したデカリン浴へ移し更
に8分間浸漬し膨潤させた。その後90℃の加熱デ
カリン浴で10倍の予備延伸を行い、実施例1と同
様に冷却、乾燥した。得られた予備延伸された成
形体を用いて130℃の加熱延伸筒にて5倍延伸し、
更に140℃の加熱延伸筒にて2倍延伸し直径1mm
の光沢ある延伸物を得た。得られた延伸物を実施
例1と同様に評価し、その結果を表1に示す。 比較例 1 実施例2において予備延伸せずに膨潤体を冷却
乾燥させた後120℃の加熱延伸筒にて8倍に延伸
し、次いで135℃の加熱延伸筒にて3倍に延伸し、
更に145℃の加熱延伸筒で2倍に延伸し、直径
0.65mmの光沢ある延伸物を得た。得られた延伸物
を実施例1と同様に評価し、その結果を表1に示
す。 実施例 6 実施例2において膨潤した焼結体を空気中で非
等温下で10倍のドラフトをかけて巻取り、その後
n−ヘキサンを冷媒とした冷却槽にて冷却し、同
時に含有するデカリンの一部又は大部分を抽出除
去した後に乾燥し、未延伸糸を得た。この未延伸
糸を用いて130℃の加熱延伸筒にて8倍に延伸し、
更に140℃の加熱延伸筒にて2倍延伸し直径0.45
mmの光沢ある延伸物を得た。得られた延伸物を実
施例1と同様に評価し、その結果を表1に示す。 【表】
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention uses ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to efficiently produce stretched products with high strength and high modulus, ranging from small to large cross-sectional areas. This invention relates to a manufacturing method suitable for manufacturing a range of products. [Prior Art] As a method for producing a stretched product having high strength and high elastic modulus using ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 193826/1983 (hereinafter referred to as reference) is known.
In this process, a molded article containing a solvent or not containing a solvent is immersed in a heated swelling agent under specific conditions to swell it, then cooled to below the gelling temperature, and then stretched at an elevated temperature. It is known that by doing so, a drawn product having high strength and high elastic modulus can be obtained. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, as a preferable example of the molded product used in the reference, a suspension of high molecular weight polyolefin in a solvent is homogenized at elevated temperature in a screw extruder equipped with a conveying section and a kneading section. A product that is made into a solution and then transformed into a molded product (Citation Specification, page 3, bottom right 3)
Lines 8 to 8) state that in order to produce a molded product containing a solvent, it is essential to produce a homogeneous solution of high molecular weight polyolefin, and that the stretched product obtained using this molded product is The previous problems, such as the fact that only products with relatively small cross-sectional areas can be obtained, remain unsolved. Furthermore, as an example of using a molded product that does not contain a solvent, an example of a compression molded plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm is described. (Cited Examples~). The present inventors used a relatively thick molded product (for example, 3 mm thick) and tried to swell it under the specific conditions cited in the reference, then cooled and stretched it, but the degree of swelling of the molded product was uneven. Therefore, uniform stretching is not possible, and high-magnification stretching is not achieved. Even if the immersion swelling treatment is performed with the immersion time and immersion temperature set to the maximum conditions within the range of the cited patent claims, a uniform swollen body will not be obtained, but only the elution of the polymer from the surface of the molded product will be promoted. Nakatsuta. [Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors used ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene to efficiently produce polyethylene that has high strength, high elastic modulus, and a relatively small cross-sectional area, without preparing a dilute solution. As a result of intensive research into a method that could produce even large stretched objects, we found that when a molded object of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is immersed in a solvent heated to a temperature above its melting point, it rapidly absorbs the solvent and melts and swells. After discovering that it retains its shape for a long time, and that the dried film after cooling and removing the solvent is porous and exhibits high stretchability at high temperatures, we conducted further intensive research. Even relatively thick molded products can be uniformly stretched to a high magnification by preheating and swelling under specific conditions, then dipping and swelling in a solvent heated above the melting start temperature, and stretching after cooling. Moreover, by pre-stretching in a specific temperature range, cooling, raising the temperature and stretching, it is possible to draw a stretched product with a wide range of cross-sectional areas while maintaining high strength and high elastic modulus. It was found that it can be manufactured, leading to the present invention. That is, the present invention provides 1. After preheating and moistening a molded article made of polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight of 1 x 10 6 or more,
The polyethylene is immersed and swollen using a solvent that can swell the polyethylene at a temperature higher than the melting start temperature of the polyethylene and lower than the boiling point of the solvent, and then the obtained swollen product is pre-stretched at a stretching ratio of 2 times or more, and then cooled. A method for producing stretched polyethylene, which comprises solidifying, further increasing the temperature, and stretching. 2. The manufacturing method according to item 1 above, wherein the molded body used is a molded body obtained by compression molding, extrusion molding, or sintering molding. 3. The temperature of the preheating and moistening treatment is below the melting temperature of the polyethylene, and the time of the preheating and moistening treatment exceeds the time that allows the solvent to sufficiently penetrate into the inside of the molded article,
The manufacturing method according to the above items 1 and 2, wherein the time is less than the time at which the surface of the molded article starts swelling. 4. The manufacturing method according to the above items 1, 2 and 3, wherein the thickness or diameter of the stretched product obtained is 200μ or more. I will provide a. The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used in the present invention includes ethylene or ethylene and a small amount of other α-olefins, such as propylene, butene-
Among polyethylenes obtained by polymerizing 1,4-methylpentene-1, hexene-1, etc. using a transition metal catalyst such as Ziegler polymerization, those with a weight average molecular weight of 1 x 10 6 or more are used. It will be done. Those having a weight average molecular weight of less than 1×10 6 are not only easily eluted during swelling treatment with a solvent, but also difficult to obtain a stretched product having high performance after stretching. In addition, those whose weight average molecular weight exceeds 1 x 10 7 are generally difficult to mold and are not often used, but in the present invention, those whose average molecular weight exceeds 1 x 10 7 It can also be used for The ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molded body used in the present invention can be a molded body having any shape such as a rod shape, a tape shape, a hollow shape, or a porous body. The thickness or diameter of the molded body used in the present invention is in the range of about 0.5 mm to about 50 mm, preferably 5 mm to 30 mm if it is a sintered body, and if it is a molded body obtained by extrusion or compression molding. 0.1mm~20
mm is preferably in the range of 3 mm to 10 mm. The method for producing the molded body of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used in the present invention includes, for example, a method of continuously cutting a compression-molded plate into a tape shape, and a method of forming a porous plate-like body of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder and then rolling it. A method for producing a continuous film by rolling,
A method of forming the material into a rod shape by ram extrusion, a method of manufacturing a sintered porous body by filling a mold of a certain shape with ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene powder, and heat-treating the powder are used. The solvent that can swell the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can easily penetrate into the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molded product and can swell well when heated. Solvents that can be used are limited by themselves. That is, it is preferable to use a solvent that has a solubility parameter close to that of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene and does not have a very large molecular volume.Furthermore, in order to swell well when heated, the boiling point of the solvent should be lower than that of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. It is preferably equal to or higher than the melting start temperature of polyethylene. Specifically, it is preferable to use a solvent whose solubility parameter ranges from 7.3 to 9.3 and whose boiling point is 120° C. or higher. For example, n-
Aliphatic hydrocarbon compounds such as nonane, n-decane, n-undecane and n-dodecane and xylene,
Examples include aromatic hydrocarbon compounds and hydrogenated derivatives thereof such as butylbenzene, cyclohexylbenzene, dodecylbenzene, decalin and tetralin, and halogenated hydrocarbon solvents such as trichlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene. The solubility parameter here refers to the evaporation energy per unit volume as △E (cal/mole) and the molecular volume of the substance as V.
If expressed in [cc], the solubility parameter δ is expressed by the following formula. δ=(△E/V) 1/2 The preheating and moistening treatment in the present invention is necessary in order to uniformly heat and moisten the inside of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene pre-stretched molded product without causing swelling only on the surface. . As a processing method, for example,
A method in which the molded body is heated in advance with a heat medium that does not dissolve the molded body to uniformly raise the temperature, and then immersed in a solvent heated to a temperature below the melting temperature of the polyethylene to wet it, or a method in which the molded body is heated to a temperature below the melting temperature of the polyethylene from the beginning. A method is proposed in which the material is immersed in a heated solvent and preheating treatment and wetting treatment are performed at the same time. The melting temperature of the polyethylene used in the present invention is
Although it varies depending on the crystallinity of the molded product and the solvent used, it is defined by the following method. In other words, a molded object having a certain weight is immersed in a solvent at various temperatures for 10 minutes, then cooled to room temperature, the solvent adhering to the surface is removed, the change in weight is measured, and the change in weight is measured. In this method, when the degree of weight increase is plotted, the temperature of the direct preparation at which the weight increases rapidly is defined as the melting temperature. For example, in the case of a molded article using decalin as a solvent and having a degree of crystallinity of 50%, its melting temperature is about 105°C. The preheating wet treatment temperature in the present invention varies depending on the treatment method, but for example, in advance,
When heating the molded body with a heating medium that does not melt the molded body (for example, air, inert gas, hot water, etc.), the melting start temperature of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is not exceeded, and the molding A temperature sufficient to moisten the body is preferred. In addition, when immersing in a solvent and performing preheating treatment and wetting treatment at the same time, the melting temperature is below the melting temperature defined by the above method and within -30°C. If it is outside these ranges, a uniform swollen body cannot be obtained in the swelling treatment. The preheating and moistening treatment time in the present invention is the time required to uniformly raise the temperature up to the inside of the pre-stretched compact at the above-mentioned processing temperature, and after heating the compact in advance using a heating medium that does not dissolve the compact In the case of wet treatment by immersion in a heating solvent, the heating time in the first half of the process is in the range of 0.5 to 200 minutes if the thickness or diameter of the molded body exceeds 0.1 mm and is less than 20 mm. If the thickness or diameter is more than 3 mm and less than 10 mm, the time is in the range of 3 to 60 minutes. The time for immersion in a heated solvent and wet treatment in the latter step is in the range of 0.5 to 60 minutes and 3 to 30 minutes, respectively, when the thickness or diameter of the molded body is within the above range.
In addition, when preheating and wetting are performed simultaneously by immersion in a heating solvent, the preheating and wetting treatment time is 0.5 to 200 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively, if the thickness or diameter of the molded body is within the above range. The range is preferably 60 minutes. In order to shorten the preheating and moistening treatment time, a method in which ultrasonic treatment is used in conjunction with immersion in a solvent;
Alternatively, if the solvent used is a halogenated hydrocarbon, a method in which high-frequency heat treatment is used in combination can also be used. When a porous molded body obtained by sintering is used in the present invention when performing the preheating and moistening treatment in the present invention, it is preferable to replace the inside of the pores with a solvent in advance. For example, a method of immersing it in a solvent used under reduced pressure can be used.
By reducing the pressure, the air inside the pores is removed,
Thereafter, by returning the pressure to normal pressure, the pores of the sintered body can be impregnated with the solvent. This method can also be used at the same time as the preheating and moistening treatment. By carrying out these treatments, it is possible to uniformly raise the temperature and wet the inside of the molded product in advance, so that subsequent swelling can be performed uniformly and rapidly.
It is thought that this alleviates the agglomeration state of the molded body and further increases the permeability of the solvent into the inside of the molded body. The preheated and moistened ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molded article of the present invention is subjected to an immersion swelling treatment at a temperature above the melting start temperature of the polyethylene and below the boiling point of the solvent used. The specific swelling treatment temperature varies depending on the type of solvent used, but is generally in the range of 120 to 220°C, which is higher than the preheating wet treatment temperature. The time for swelling varies depending on the molded article, solvent, and treatment temperature used, but is specifically in the range of 0.1 to 20 minutes.
If the temperature and time of the immersion swelling treatment in a solvent in the present invention is outside the above range, for example, if the treatment temperature is less than 120°C, even if the treatment time is 20 minutes or more, A swollen body that can be stretched at high magnification cannot be obtained. Also, the processing temperature is 220℃
If it is higher than this, a large amount of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene is eluted from the surface of the molded product, and a swollen body suitable for stretching cannot be obtained. Only when the preheating and moistening treatment of the present invention is carried out, it is possible to stretch the molded article to a high degree after swelling using a molded article having a relatively large cross-sectional area. The swollen molded article of the present invention is then pre-stretched at a stretching ratio of at least 2 times or more before being cooled and solidified. A preferable range for the stretching conditions is a stretching temperature range of not less than the gelling temperature of the swollen polyethylene molded product and less than the gelling temperature +10°C. It has been known that when spinning and drawing is performed using a dilute solution of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, if stretching is performed after winding with a draft, the strength of the obtained drawn product is significantly reduced. However, when pre-stretching is performed before cooling and solidifying using the swollen molded product containing a large amount of solvent according to the present invention, the resulting stretched product is further heated and stretched after cooling and solidifying. It has been found that materials with a variety of different cross-sectional areas can be manufactured without significantly reducing strength. In particular, it has been found that when the temperature during the preliminary stretching is in the range of not less than the gelling temperature of the swollen polyethylene molding and gelling temperature + 10°C, the strength of the obtained stretched product is less likely to decrease. The gelling temperature referred to in the present invention varies depending on the type of solvent used, each treatment temperature and time, but is generally in the range of 75 to 110°C. By stretching and crystallizing the swollen molded product at a temperature at or slightly higher than the gelling temperature, when the temperature is raised and the stretching ratio is lowered, it still maintains high strength. I found out that there was. The pre-stretched molded article of the present invention is then cooled to room temperature and used for stretching, but at that time it is preferably cooled by rapid cooling in a liquid refrigerant.
It is also possible to simplify the process by using a liquid refrigerant that can extract the solvent at the same time as cooling.
Examples of liquid refrigerants suitable for this purpose include methanol, n-hexane, trichloroethylene, dichloromethane, methanol or trichlorofluoroethane. The swollen molded product of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene that has been cooled and solidified in the present invention can be used for stretching either while containing a solvent or without containing a solvent after drying, and the stretching temperature is 120°C or higher.
Stretched under conditions of 160℃ or less. If the stretching is performed at a temperature outside this range, a stretched product having high strength and high modulus as referred to in the present invention cannot be obtained. It is preferable that the stretched product obtained by the present invention contains no solvent at all, and furthermore, suitable stretching conditions for achieving high strength and high elastic modulus include air or inert gas heated to the above temperature range. It is preferable that the film be used as a heating medium and stretched at a stretching ratio of at least 10 times or more by multi-stage stretching of two or more stages. Particularly when the final stretched product has a large cross-sectional area, it is preferable to carry out the stretching at a speed of 100%/min or less. By using the method according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain drawn products having a greater thickness or diameter than those obtained using the conventional drawing methods for ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, and it is possible to obtain When the thickness or diameter of the pre-stretched compact exceeds 3 mm, the obtained stretched product has a thickness or diameter of 200μ or more, and such a stretched product is prepared by the method of the earlier application (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No.
61-193826), this is a new drawn product that cannot be obtained even in Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-193826. [Effects of the Invention] Compared to the earlier application, JP-A No. 61-193826, the present invention can shorten the swelling time even for molded products that do not contain a solvent and have a relatively large diameter or thickness. It is a method that can be stretched uniformly and efficiently, and even compared to conventional methods, it is possible to efficiently and stably produce high-performance stretched products without the complicated operation of preparing a uniform solution. Moreover, it is an excellent manufacturing method that can even produce stretched products with relatively large cross-sectional areas, which has been considered difficult until now. The drawn product obtained by the method of the present invention can be used in a wide range of fields such as reinforcing materials for optical fibers, marine ropes, leisure wear, and other reinforcing uses, making it an extremely useful product industrially. [Examples] Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples in any way. Example 1 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (Sanhuain)
A tape having a thickness of 1.0 mm and a width of 20 mm was prepared using UUH-900 (weight average molecular weight: 3.3×10 6 ). Using this tape, it was immersed in decalin preheated to 100°C for 10 minutes for preheating and moistening treatment, and then immersed in a decalin bath heated to 170°C for 3 minutes to cause swelling. Then 6 in a heated decalin bath at 90℃
After being stretched twice, it is cooled in a cooling tank using n-hexane as a refrigerant, and at the same time, part or most of the decalin contained in it is extracted and removed, and dried in a nitrogen stream heated to 100°C to form a porous white color. Got the tape. Using this tape, it was stretched 12 times in a heated stretching tube at 120℃, and then stretched twice in a heated stretching tube at 135℃.
A 10μ transparent stretch was obtained. The strength and elongation characteristics of the obtained stretched product were evaluated using Tensilon manufactured by Toyo Baldwin Co., Ltd. under conditions of a sample length of 100 mm and a tensile speed of 100 mm/min. From the obtained S-S curve, JISL
-1013, the tensile strength and initial elastic modulus were calculated. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 2 Using the same polyethylene as in Example 1, a diameter of 6
A porous sintered body with a diameter of mm was created. This sintered body was immersed in a decalin bath at room temperature, and while applying ultrasonic waves at 28KC/S and 28W, the pressure inside the system was reduced to 50 mmHg.
It was left for 3 minutes. When the pressure was then returned to normal, the white porous sintered body became translucent. When we took out a part of it and compared its weight with the soaking agent, we found that the weight had increased approximately 1.7 times, and since the porosity of the sintered body used was 43%, decalin had penetrated into most of the pores. It is thought that he did. The sintered body containing this decalin was heated to 100°C in advance.
The sample was immersed in a decalin bath heated to 170°C for 15 minutes for preheating and moistening, and then further immersed in a decalin bath heated to 170°C for 3 minutes to cause swelling. After that, it is pre-stretched 4 times in a heated decalin bath at 90°C, cooled in a cooling tank using n-hexane as a refrigerant, and at the same time, part or most of the decalin contained is extracted and removed.
A dried predrawn yarn was obtained. Using this drawn yarn
The film was stretched 10 times using a heated drawing tube at 130°C, and further stretched twice using a heated drawing tube heated to 140°C, to obtain a glossy drawn product with a diameter of 0.5 mm. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 3 A pre-drawn yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the pre-draw ratio was changed to 10 times. Using this drawn yarn, it was stretched 10 times in a heated stretching tube at 130°C, and further stretched to 140°C.
Stretched twice using a heated stretching tube at ℃ to a diameter of 0.35 mm.
A glossy stretched product was obtained. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 4 A pre-drawn yarn was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the pre-draw ratio was changed to 50 times. When this drawn yarn was stretched in a heated stretching tube at 130°C, the result was 15
It was possible to stretch the film to double the original length, and a glossy stretched product with a diameter of 0.2 mm was obtained. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 5 The diameter was
A 10 mm rod-shaped body was created. This molded body was preheated by leaving it in an oven preheated to 130°C for 30 minutes, and then immersed in decalin heated to 150°C for 10 minutes. Further, while maintaining that temperature, the sample was transferred to a decalin bath heated to 170°C and immersed for an additional 8 minutes to swell. Thereafter, it was pre-stretched 10 times in a heated decalin bath at 90°C, and then cooled and dried in the same manner as in Example 1. Using the obtained pre-stretched molded body, it was stretched 5 times in a heated stretching tube at 130°C,
Further, it was stretched twice in a heated stretching tube at 140℃ to a diameter of 1 mm.
A glossy drawn product was obtained. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example 1 After cooling and drying the swollen body without pre-stretching in Example 2, it was stretched 8 times in a heated stretching tube at 120°C, then stretched 3 times in a heated stretching tube at 135°C,
Further, it is stretched twice in a heated stretching tube at 145℃ to
A glossy drawing product of 0.65 mm was obtained. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. Example 6 The sintered body swollen in Example 2 was wound up in air under non-isothermal conditions with a 10-fold draft, then cooled in a cooling tank using n-hexane as a refrigerant, and at the same time the decalin contained therein was After extracting and removing a part or most of it, it was dried to obtain an undrawn yarn. Using this undrawn yarn, it was stretched 8 times in a heated stretching tube at 130°C.
Further, it was stretched twice in a heated stretching tube at 140℃ to a diameter of 0.45.
A glossy drawn product of mm was obtained. The obtained stretched product was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 重量平均分子量が1×106以上のポリエチレ
ンからなる成形体を予熱湿潤処理を施した後、該
ポリエチレンを膨潤しうる溶剤を用い、該ポリエ
チレンの融解開始温度以上、該溶剤の沸点未満の
温度において浸漬膨潤せしめ、次いで得られた膨
潤体を2倍以上の延伸倍率にて予備延伸した後冷
却固化し、更に昇温し、延伸することを特徴とす
る延伸ポリエチレンの製造方法。
1 After preheating and moistening a molded body made of polyethylene with a weight average molecular weight of 1 x 10 6 or more, using a solvent that can swell the polyethylene, the temperature is higher than the melting start temperature of the polyethylene and lower than the boiling point of the solvent. 1. A method for producing stretched polyethylene, which comprises immersing and swelling the polyethylene, then pre-stretching the obtained swollen product at a stretching ratio of 2 times or more, cooling and solidifying it, further raising the temperature, and stretching.
JP26398486A 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Preparation of stretched polyethylene Granted JPS63118234A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26398486A JPS63118234A (en) 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Preparation of stretched polyethylene

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP26398486A JPS63118234A (en) 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Preparation of stretched polyethylene

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS63118234A JPS63118234A (en) 1988-05-23
JPH0351570B2 true JPH0351570B2 (en) 1991-08-07

Family

ID=17396927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP26398486A Granted JPS63118234A (en) 1986-11-07 1986-11-07 Preparation of stretched polyethylene

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS63118234A (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4384496B2 (en) 2002-01-29 2009-12-16 プラス オーソペディクス アーゲー Sintering method of ultra high molecular polyethylene
US8871131B2 (en) 2006-10-30 2014-10-28 Smith And Nephew Orthopaedics Ag Processes comprising crosslinking polyethylene or using crosslinked polyethylene

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS63118234A (en) 1988-05-23

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