JPH0351606B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a four-wheel drive device for a transverse engine vehicle in which the crankshaft is arranged so as to extend in the left-right direction of the vehicle body.

(Prior Art) Generally, in a four-wheel drive system for a vehicle, the engine is arranged so that its crankshaft extends in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and the transmission is arranged so that its input shaft and output shaft extend in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. This allows the engine driving force to be divided into two by the propeller shaft for the front wheels and the propeller shaft for the rear wheels.
It is known that the power is divided and transmitted to a front differential and a rear differential to drive four wheels, front, rear, left and right.

However, the four-wheel drive system for longitudinal engine cars has the problem of not being able to provide a large cabin space, so in recent years, four-wheel drive systems for horizontal engine cars that do not have this problem have been introduced. Some suggestions have been made.

For example, in front-engine, front-drive vehicles, it is known that a center differential composed of a group of planetary gears is arranged coaxially with the front differential (see, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-23168).

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) However, in such a vehicle, both the center differential and the front differential are disposed coaxially with the axle on the side where the engine is disposed. There is the problem that the length becomes long, and when installing a center differential differential sleeve or 2-4 switching sleeve that requires space in the left and right directions of the vehicle body, the length in the left and right direction of the vehicle body becomes even longer. There is a demand for compacting the length in the direction.

By the way, the above-mentioned publication describes a system in which the differential movement of the center differential is limited by a friction plate.
This friction plate must have a large diameter in order to transmit a predetermined, for example, differential torque, and when it is placed in parallel with the engine and transmission, the friction plate is placed between the engine and transmission. It is necessary to secure space for a radius of
The degree of freedom in its layout is lost, and there is a possibility that the above-mentioned demand for compactness cannot be satisfactorily met. Furthermore, in the case of a differential lock or 2-4 switching, there is a demand for a mechanically connected structure to ensure reliability.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and is a four-wheel drive vehicle with a transversely mounted engine, which allows a center differential differential lock sleeve and a 2-4 switching sleeve to be installed without increasing the overall length of the vehicle body in the left and right direction. The purpose is to provide equipment.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention has an engine and a transmission into which the driving force of the engine is inputted via a clutch means, and these are integrally connected to each other, and the transmission is connected to the crank of the engine. A center differential and engine-side wheels that are arranged so that the input and output shafts of the transmission and the transmission both extend in the left-right direction of the vehicle body, and that distribute the driving force output from the transmission into the front wheel driving force and the rear wheel driving force. This is based on a four-wheel drive system for a transverse engine vehicle in which the differential between the two is coaxially arranged on the axle.

In order to achieve the above object in such a four-wheel drive device, the present invention provides a system in which a transfer gear for driving the remaining wheels is disposed coaxially with the differential between the center differential and the engine side wheels,
Further, the center differential and the differential between the wheels on the engine side are both located on the transmission side with respect to the clutch means, and the center differential is arranged on the engine side with respect to the differential between the engine side wheels. A gear is disposed so as to be located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means, and an output member of the input member and output member of the center differential for the transfer gear is disposed between the center differential and the transfer gear. A differential sleeve is provided to mechanically connect and detach the parts.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a mechanical system that connects not only the differential lock sleeve of the center differential between the center differential and the transfer gear, but also an output member for the transfer gear of the output of the center differential and a support shaft of the transfer gear. 2 to be removably connected to
-4 switching sleeves may also be provided.

(Function) It has an engine and a transmission into which the driving force of the engine is input through a clutch means, and these are integrally connected, and the crankshaft of the engine and the input/output shaft of the transmission are connected together. A center differential and a differential between the engine-side wheels are arranged coaxially on the axle, both of which are arranged to extend in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and which distribute the driving force output from the transmission into front wheel driving force and rear wheel driving force. In the four-wheel drive system for a transverse engine vehicle, a transfer gear for driving the remaining wheels is arranged coaxially with the differential between the center differential and the engine-side wheels, and a transfer gear is arranged coaxially with the differential between the center differential and the engine-side wheels. The differentials are both located on the transmission side with respect to the clutch means, and the center differential is located on the engine side with respect to the engine side wheel differential, while the transfer gear is located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means. When the clutch means is arranged so as to be located on the engine side, the diameter of the clutch means is relatively large, the distance between the center differential and other arrangement axes becomes narrower, and a dead space is created between the center differential and the transfer gear around the clutch means installation part. However, parts for the center differential and 2-4 switching, which require space in the left-right direction of the vehicle body, are placed in the dead space created between the center differential and the transfer gear, such as the small diameter center differential sleeve and 2-4 switching sleeve. ing. Therefore, a special space for providing members for the center differential lock and 2-4 switching can be omitted;
The length of the vehicle body in the left and right direction is not that long. Also, the power transmission path for the defrock is the shortest.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 In FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an engine, which is arranged at the front of the vehicle body so that a crankshaft 2 extends in the left-right direction of the vehicle body. Reference numeral 3 denotes a transmission, which is disposed within a casing 4 and is adapted to receive the driving force of the engine 1 via a clutch means 5. The engine 1 and transmission 3 are integrally connected.

Through the clutch means 5, the crankshaft 6
and an output shaft 9 connected to the outer periphery of the center differential 7 via a chain 8 (so-called silent chain) are arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle body. That is, the crank axis of the engine 1 and the axis of the transmission 3 are both arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle body. A front differential 10 and one bevel gear 11 of a pair of rear wheel drive bevel gears 11 and 12 for driving rear wheels 67 and 68 are arranged coaxially with the center differential 7. So, center differential 7
The front differential 10 is located on the transmission 3 side with respect to the clutch means 5, and the center differential 7 is located on the engine 1 side.
On the other hand, the bevel gear 11 serving as a transfer gear is located on the engine 1 side with respect to the clutch means 5.

The other bevel gear 12 is connected to a propeller shaft 14 via a joint 13.A first speed gear 15, a reverse gear 16, and a second speed gear are connected to the input shaft 6 from the clutch means 5 side. gear 17, third gear 18, and fourth gear 19
are fixed in order. On the other hand, gears 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and a drive sprocket 25 that mesh with the square gears 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 and a drive sprocket 25 are fixedly installed on the output shaft 9.
Synchronizing mechanisms 26 and 27 are provided between gear 21 and gear 21, and between gear 23 and gear 24.

In the center differential 7, a transmission sprocket 29 is attached and fixed to the outside of a casing 28 with a fitting 30, and within the casing 28, a pair of bevel gears 32, 33 are opposed by short shafts 31, 31 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body. and another pair of bevel gears 34, 3 disposed opposite to each other on the left and right so as to mesh with these gears.
Consists of a group of 5 bevel gears. The transmission sprocket 29 and the drive sprocket 25 of the output shaft 9 are connected by a chain 8, and the driving force is transmitted at a reduced speed.

The shaft portion 35a of the bevel gear 35 located on the right side
is cylindrical, and its ends are supported by a pair of bearings 36 and 37 through an enlarged part 35b in the middle, and between the two bearings 36 and 37 a pair of bevel gears 11 and 12 for driving the rear wheels are connected. One of the bevel gears 11 is fixedly installed. On the other hand, the bevel gear 34 disposed on the left side
The shaft portion 34a is also cylindrical, and its base end portion is integrally formed with the casing 38 of the front differential 10.

The front differential 10 includes, within the casing 38, a pair of bevel gears 40, 41 that are opposed to each other by a short axis 39 in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body, and another pair of bevel gears 42, 4 that are disposed oppositely so as to mesh with these gears.
It is composed of a group of three bevel gears. Therefore, the shaft portion 43a of the bevel gear 43 located on the right side
are the left and right bevel gears 34, 3 in the center differential 7.
5 through the shaft portions 34a, 35a of the joint
4 to one end of a front wheel drive shaft 45. On the other hand, the shaft portion 4 of the bevel gear 42 located on the left side
2a is connected to another front wheel drive shaft 4 via a joint 46.
The other ends of the wheels 7 and 45 are connected to left and right front wheels 50 and 51 via other joints 48 and 49, respectively.

Further, one end of the casing 28 in the center differential 7 extends along the outside of the shaft portion 35a of the bevel gear 35 to the vicinity of the enlarged portion 35b.
An enlarged end portion 28a having the same diameter as b is formed.

52 is a differential sleeve (sliding type sleeve gear) that connects the center differential 7 and bevel gear 1, which have become a dead space by providing a clutch means.
1, the enlarged portion 35b and the enlarged end portion 28a are spline-fitted to be movable in the axial direction. This differential sleeve 52 is
The enlarged portion 35b (the output member for the bevel gear 11 as a transfer gear among the output members of the center differential 7) and the enlarged end portion 28a (the input member of the center differential 7) are removably spline-fitted to form both the portions 35b. , 28a, and a lock position for connecting and fixing them;
It can be slid in the axial direction between the enlarged end portion 28a and an unlocked position in which it is releasably spline-fitted only by an operating means (not shown). For example, when one wheel is spinning on rough ground such as a muddy road, by setting the center differential to the lock position, the center differential 7 becomes fixed and immobile, and the driving force escapes through the wheel that is spinning. This makes it possible to distribute appropriate driving force to all wheels.

A bevel gear 55 of a rear differential 54 is connected to the rear end of the propeller shaft 14 via a joint 53. This bevel gear 55 has a pair of bevel gears 5.
A large bevel gear 58 supporting the bevel gears 6 and 57 meshes with each other, and another pair of bevel gears 59 and 60 are disposed facing each other on the left and right so as to mesh with the bevel gears 56 and 57.

Further, one ends of rear wheel drive shafts 63, 64 are connected to the left and right bevel gears 59, 60 via joints 61, 62, and the other ends of the rear wheel drive shafts 63, 64 are connected via joints 65, 66. Left and right rear wheels 67,6
8 are connected.

According to the above device, the driving force output from the engine 1 is transmitted to the input shaft 6 of the transmission 3 via the clutch means 5, and the gear is changed as appropriate, and the chain 8 is transmitted from the drive sprocket 25 of the output shaft 9. Through the transmission sprocket 2 of the center differential 7
9 is output.

In this way, the input driving force is applied to the short shafts 31 and 3 of the casing 28 at the center differential 7.
1, and is distributed to the left and right by meshing with a pair of bevel gears 32, 33 supported by the short shaft 31 and another pair of bevel gears 34, 35 that mesh with these, and is distributed between the casing 38 of the front differential 10 and the rear. One bevel gear 11 for wheel drive is rotationally driven. The center differential 7 functions as a differential device, and is designed to absorb and alleviate the difference in rotational speed between the bevel gear 34 on the front differential 10 side and the bevel gear 35 on the rear differential 54 side.

Thus, in the front differential 10, driving force is distributed to the left and right in the same manner as in the center differential 7, and the left and right front wheels 50, 51 are rotationally driven. On the other hand, due to the meshing of the pair of bevel gears 11 and 12 for driving the rear wheels, the driving force is transmitted to the rear differential 54 via the propeller shaft 14, and is distributed to the left and right to rotationally drive the left and right rear wheels 67 and 68.

With the above configuration, the dead space that is inevitably created by providing the clutch means 5 having a large radial length, that is, the space between the center differential 7 and the bevel gear 11, can be used in the left-right direction of the vehicle body. Since the differential sleeve 52, which requires a space of It is.

Embodiment 2 This example is a 2-wheel drive system that switches between two-wheel drive and four-wheel drive.
-4 switching sleeves.

In FIG. 3, an enlarged end 35d of the shaft portion 35c of the right bevel gear 35 in the center differential 7.
(output member for the bevel gear 11 as a transfer gear among the output members of the center differential 7) and an enlarged view of the support shaft 71 on which one of the bevel gears 11 of the pair of rear wheel drive bevel gears 11 and 12 is fixedly mounted. The end portion 71a is arranged to face the end portion 71a, and both end portions 35
A 2-4 switching sleeve 72 is spline-fitted to the outside of d and 71a so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Like the differential sleeve 52, the 2-4 switching sleeve 72 is disposed between the center differential 7 and the bevel gear 11 in order to effectively utilize the dead space created by providing the clutch means 5. A four-wheel drive position in which the shaft portion 35c and the support shaft 71 are rotated synchronously by spline fitting to both enlarged ends 35d and 71a, and the enlarged end 71 of the support shaft 71.
a (or the enlarged end portion 35d of the shaft portion 35c) and a two-wheel drive position in which only the shaft portion 35c is spline-fitted, is moved in the axial direction by an operating means (not shown). In addition, in the two-wheel drive position, rear differential 5
4 and both rear wheels 67, 68 are disconnected from each other.

Since the other configurations are the same as those in Example 1, detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the above embodiment, the case where the engine 1 is disposed at the front of the vehicle body has been described, but it goes without saying that the present invention can also be applied to a case where the engine is disposed at the rear of the vehicle body. Also, front differential 10
is composed of a group of bevel gears, but it may also be a group of planetary gears.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the present invention arranges the mechanically connected differential sleeve, which requires space in the left-right direction of the vehicle body, by effectively utilizing the dead space created between the center differential and the transfer gear. Therefore, it is possible to provide a differential sleeve without increasing the length of the vehicle body in the left-right direction. In addition, the power transmission path for the differential lock is the shortest.

Further, by similarly arranging the 2-4 switching sleeve between the center differential and the transfer gear, it is possible to provide both sleeves without increasing their length in the left-right direction of the vehicle body.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show embodiments of the present invention; Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the drive system of Embodiment 1 in the form of a skeleton, and Fig. 2 is a concrete illustration of the main parts of Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram similar to FIG. 2 regarding the second embodiment. 1... Engine, 2... Crankshaft, 3... Transmission, 6... Input shaft, 7... Center differential, 8... Chain, 9... Output shaft, 10...
Front differential, 11, 12...Bevel gear, 25...
Drive sprocket, 29...transmission sprocket,
52...Diff lock sleeve, 54...Rear differential, 72...2-4 switching sleeve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. It has an engine and a transmission into which the driving force of the engine is input through a clutch means, and these are integrally connected, and the crankshaft of the engine and the transmission are connected together. The input and output axes are arranged so that they both extend in the left and right direction of the vehicle body,
Four-wheel drive for transverse engine vehicles in which a center differential and a differential between the engine-side wheels are arranged coaxially on the axle, distributing the driving force output from the transmission into front wheel driving force and rear wheel driving force. In the device, a transfer gear for driving the remaining wheels is disposed coaxially with the center differential and the differential between the engine side wheels, and further, the center differential and the differential between the engine side wheels are both connected to the clutch means. Located on the mission side,
The center differential is located on the engine side with respect to the engine side inter-wheel differential, and the transfer gear is located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means, and the center differential and the transfer gear are located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means. A horizontally mounted differential gear, characterized in that a differential sleeve is disposed between the gear and the input member of the center differential and an output member of the output member for the transfer gear in a mechanically detachable manner. Four-wheel drive system for engine vehicles. 2 It has an engine and a transmission into which the driving force of the engine is input through a clutch means, and these are integrally connected, and the crankshaft of the engine and the input/output shaft of the transmission are both connected to the vehicle body. Arranged to extend left and right,
Four-wheel drive for transverse engine vehicles in which a center differential and a differential between the engine-side wheels are arranged coaxially on the axle, distributing the driving force output from the transmission into front wheel driving force and rear wheel driving force. In the device, a transfer gear for driving the remaining wheels is disposed coaxially with the center differential and the differential between the engine side wheels, and further, the center differential and the differential between the engine side wheels are both connected to the clutch means. Located on the mission side,
The center differential is located on the engine side with respect to the engine side inter-wheel differential, and the transfer gear is located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means, and the center differential and the transfer gear are located on the engine side with respect to the clutch means. A differential sleeve is provided between the input member and the output member of the center differential to mechanically detachably connect the input member and the output member of the center differential to the transfer gear; A four-wheel drive device for a transverse engine vehicle, characterized in that a 2-4 switching sleeve is provided to mechanically connect and detach an output member and a support shaft of a transfer gear.