JPH0358002B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a novel surface finishing method for water-permeable outdoor floors used for play courts such as tennis courts, school playgrounds, streets, trails in parks, and the like. There are various types of outdoor play courts, especially tennis courts.
Clay courts, untuker courts, and even simple earthen courts have long been the mainstream of tennis courts because they can be constructed inexpensively, but they always require complicated maintenance, especially lawn courts. In addition, the growth of grass has the drawback of increasing labor and cost, and the surface of other courts must be constantly compacted and smoothed, and when it rains, it becomes muddy, but when it dries out. There was a problem with dust. In recent years, with the rapid increase in the number of tennis enthusiasts, many tennis courts have been constructed in urban areas, residential areas, leisure areas, etc., but in order to eliminate the above problems, these courts are made of asphalt concrete or concrete. Coats, coated with acrylic, synthetic rubber, etc., or coated with urethane have become widely used. Once constructed, such courts require little maintenance, do not turn muddy during rain, and do not collect dust when dry, so they have become popular with managers and players. The following new problems have also been pointed out. In other words, the temperature on the court becomes abnormally high, especially in the summer when the sun's heat reflects back (radiant heat) and the temperature on the court becomes abnormally high.
Moreover, since the surface does not have water absorbency, even if water is sprinkled on it, it will evaporate immediately, and the cooling effect of water spraying can hardly be expected. In addition, since the court surface is made of rigid asphalt concrete or concrete, playing on this court is more tiring than on the lawn court or untuker court, and often causes problems in the legs and lower back. Furthermore, when cracks occur on the coated surface, it is extremely difficult to repair them, and in particular, coats with a urethane finish tend to peel off the surface over long periods of use, making repairs expensive. ...and so on. The present invention was made in view of the above, and consists of a porous resin concrete layer made by bonding granular aggregates to each other with resin, which is integrated with a metal mesh body and covered with a base layer of sand or soil. By creating a water-permeable outdoor floor, we can eliminate the above problems, and in addition, we can utilize its water-permeability to apply it to other play courts, school playgrounds, streets, park passages, etc. The present invention provides a novel surface finishing method for outdoor floors. Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an example of an outdoor floor obtained by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of another embodiment. That is, the gist of the present invention is to cover the base layer 1 of sand or soil directly or indirectly with the metal net 2, and to cover the granular aggregate 31... with the aggregate 31...
By kneading the aggregates with a binding resin liquid to such an extent that the aggregates can be bonded to each other, placing the kneaded mixture of the aggregate and the binding resin liquid on the net body 2, and curing the binding resin liquid, A surface finishing method for an outdoor floor, characterized in that a water-permeable porous resin concrete layer 3 is formed by mutual bonding of the granular aggregates 31 integrated with the mesh body 2, FIG. 1 shows an outdoor floor in which a metal net 2 is directly placed on a base layer 1 of sand or earth, and a water-permeable porous resin concrete layer 3 is formed thereon. Metal mesh body 2 is resin concrete layer 3
The material is integrally bonded to the concrete layer 3 and functions as a reinforcing core for the concrete layer 3, and so-called expanded metal is most preferably employed. Furthermore, the granular aggregate 31 constituting the porous resin concrete layer 3 needs to be rounded gravel with a particle size of 1 mm to 15 mm. That is, when the particle size is less than 1 mm, since the surface area is large, a large amount of resin liquid is required to bond the aggregates together, and the spaces between the aggregates are filled with the resin liquid, resulting in a decrease in water permeability. On the other hand, if it exceeds 15 mm, the distance between the aggregate particles will become very large, and the surface flatness of the resin concrete layer formed will be lost, making it impossible to guarantee good driving feel, driving feel, and safety (driving and running conditions). (This may cause an uncomfortable feeling of pressure when stepping on the product, or shoes may get caught, creating a risk of falling.) The reason why the granular aggregate 31 is rounded is for durability and safety. That is, as in the present invention, the bonding resin does not fill the space between the aggregates, but simply coats the surface of the aggregates thinly, and a resin concrete is created in which water permeability remains in a small amount that can bond the aggregates to each other. If formed, it must be rounded. When rounded objects come into contact with each other, their contact points become point contacts, and in the direction in which the spheres move away from there, the distance between the spherical surfaces gradually widens due to a gentle curvature. . On the other hand, since a thin bonding resin liquid is applied to the surface of the aggregate, this resin liquid fills not only the contact point but also the small gap created by the above separation, and as a result, it can be seen that the adjacent bone A wide bonding surface can be achieved between the materials. On the other hand, in the case of aggregates with random shapes and many sharp protrusions, such as crushed stone, when the aggregates come into contact with each other, a large amount of binding material exists, such as a solid asphalt layer. However, when the surface of the aggregate is thinly coated with the binding resin as in the present invention,
Randomly shaped aggregates are bonded only at contact points,
There is no spread around the contact point, and depending on the shape of the aggregate, there are some parts that have weak physical strength, and the resistance to external forces is also weak. Aggregates such as crushed stone that have many sharp protrusions on their surface are physically weak at these points, so even if they are bonded together with a binding resin liquid to form a strong bond, they will not be able to withstand a large amount of force. When this happens, this weak part collapses and the resin concrete cannot hold for a long period of time. When seeking such rounded granular aggregate from natural resources, the target is the surface sand of river sand and sea sand, but conveniently, these sands are worn away by water currents and ocean currents and naturally It has high water resistance and weather resistance, but
In the case of jiyami, which has irregular shapes and sharp protrusions obtained by crushing rocks, it lacks the above-mentioned water resistance and weather resistance because it is mainly composed of the internal substance of rocks crushed by crushers on site. . In addition, if there are components with weak water resistance or weather resistance in the aggregate, it is possible that they may be dissolved by rain or the like and may be destroyed from these parts. Furthermore, when an outdoor floor is constructed using a material such as jami that has sharp protrusions on the surface of the aggregate, the surface layer has many protrusions, making it difficult for runners and players to walk on this floor. When falling or falling, the protrusions of the aggregate that are fixed to the surface cause abrasions on the hands and feet. On the other hand, by using rounded aggregate, a durable and highly safe flooring material can be constructed. It is preferable that the shape and particle size be relatively uniform, since the amount of binding resin liquid used is small, the void ratio can be increased, and the appearance is good. Alternatively, gravel collected from the coast is extremely suitable. Examples of the binding resin that binds the aggregates 31 to each other include synthetic resin binders such as urethane, epoxy, polyester, and acrylic (preferably methyl methacrylate). One-component moisture-curing urethane is most preferably employed because it is easy to use. Granular aggregate 31
The kneading ratio of ... and the binding resin should be determined to such an extent that the aggregates 31 ... can be bonded to each other. For example, when the above-mentioned gravel with an average particle size of 5 mm is bonded with one-component moisture-curing urethane, 100 parts of gravel (weight)
For this purpose, a one-component moisture-curing urethane of 2 to 10 (solid weight) is suitable, and a porosity of 25 to 35% can be obtained. That is, if the amount of urethane is less than 2 parts, it will be difficult to achieve complete bonding between the gravels, while if it exceeds 10 parts, the voids between the gravels will be filled with excess binder, resulting in a porous structure. As the porosity of the concrete layer 3 decreases accordingly, the intended effects of the present invention tend to diminish. Therefore, it will be easily understood that in order to achieve effective mutual bonding of the aggregates 31 with a small amount of binder, it is preferable that the aggregates 31 be rounded gravel or the like. The method of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG.
The base layer 1 of sand or soil is rolled and smoothed with a roller, and when construction is performed in a limited space such as a tennis court, water distribution is calculated and drainage ditches are provided around the perimeter. A metal net 2 made of expanded metal or the like is covered on this base layer 1, and the adjacent net 2
Similar joints are simply overlapped, welded together, or connected with suitable fasteners.
It is desirable that this mesh body 2 is subjected to anti-rust treatment in advance, for example, a mixture of SBR latex and cement or a one-component moisture-curing urethane containing 30 to 40%
The net body 2 is coated by dipping it in a liquid, and the welded parts are then coated with these coating agents. The particle size of the granular aggregate 31 is appropriately selected from a range of 1 to 15 mm depending on the purpose (for example, 2 to 5 mm for a tennis court),
The mixture is kneaded with the above-mentioned binding resin liquid in an appropriate ratio, and laid on the base layer 1 covered with the net 2 to a thickness of 5 to 30 mm, and the surface is pressed with a trowel moistened with a solvent to give a smooth finish.
When allowed to harden naturally for 3 to 4 hours, the aggregates 31 are bonded to each other, and the porous resin concrete layer 3 that integrates the net body 2 and is fixed to the base layer 1 through the mesh of the net body 2 is formed. It is formed. If the finished surface is desired to be colored, an appropriate dye or pigment may be added to the binder resin liquid before kneading, or the surface of the resin concrete layer 3 after hardening may be coated with a desired paint. Particularly in the case of a tennis court, color-coding the inside of the court and the surrounding area of the court using the above method is effective in increasing the colorfulness and fashionability. The outdoor floor obtained in this way has a porous resin concrete layer 3 on the surface, so when this is applied to a play court such as a tennis court, water sprinkled on the court will not accumulate on the surface and will be transferred to the resin concrete layer. Water quickly permeates into the base layer 1 through the air in layer 3, so you can play immediately even after rain or watering. By minimizing the rise in temperature of the court surface due to radiant heat from the sun that evaporates through the sky, you can enjoy a cool and comfortable game even in the summer. Moreover, since the resin concrete layer 3 has elasticity unique to porous materials, this and the sand or soil base layer 1 interact to reduce the impact force on the body during intense exercise on the court. In addition, the damage caused by conventional asphalt concrete courts, which can cause fatigue and leg and lower back problems, is significantly reduced. In addition, since the surface is a finely uneven surface made of granular aggregate 31..., it exhibits a soft glow without glare due to reflection of sunlight, and this uneven surface also guarantees non-slip properties suitable for sports such as tennis. In addition, if the above-mentioned gravel is used as the aggregate 31, the ball will not be scratched even if it falls on the court, which is excellent in terms of safety. In particular, since the granular aggregates 31 are rounded, the surface has an appropriate slipperiness suitable for playing tennis, walking, and jogging. Furthermore, as is clear from the above structure, once installed, no troublesome work is required for maintenance, and even if the resin on the surface peels off during long-term use, it is easy to spray the resin liquid with a jiyoro etc. Even if the base layer 1 partially collapses, the retention effect of the net 2 prevents the concrete layer 3 from collapsing as well. This guarantees semi-permanent use without cracking due to absorption of stress by the voids in the concrete layer 3. The various excellent advantages mentioned above are not limited to tennis courts, but also bring many benefits when applied to other play courts (e.g. volleyball courts), school playgrounds, etc., as well as paving sidewalks in streets and parks. If this is applied instead, the rainwater that permeates through the concrete layer 3 will be extremely suitable for tree growth and will greatly contribute to green urban development. As rainwater flows into waterways without penetrating into the ground, a phenomenon unique to urban areas has occurred in which the volume of water in the waterways suddenly increases and nearby houses are immediately flooded. If applied to streets in urban areas, they will maintain their aesthetic appearance and ensure smooth running without becoming muddy even during rainfall, and rainwater will quickly permeate into the ground, reducing the concentration of rainwater in waterways. It is no exaggeration to say that the benefits it brings to new urban development, such as preventing flood damage such as this, are extremely large. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a net 2 is covered on a base layer 1 with a relay layer 4 made of cement paste or dry mortar, etc. Forming a resin concrete layer 3,
This is intended to stably fix the net 2 and concrete layer 3 to the base layer 1. That is,
Since this relay layer 4 is mainly made of cement as described above, it is compatible with both the sand or earth base layer 1 and the binding resin of the resin concrete layer 3, and therefore the relay layer 4 interposed between these two layers is This is effective in achieving the above-mentioned stable fixation. In this case, since the water permeability to the base layer 1 is slightly reduced by the relay layer 4, a cooling effect by water spraying is naturally guaranteed, and this is highly suitable for tennis courts and the like where intense exercise is performed. In each of the above embodiments, expanded metal is used as the metal net 2, but other metal nets are not excluded. There are various standard products for this expanded metal depending on plate thickness, cut width, mesh capacity, etc., and these should be selected appropriately depending on the intended use, but depending on the size of the mesh capacity, the above granular aggregate When laying a kneaded material of 31... and a binder resin liquid, there is a concern that the kneaded material will not be sufficiently filled in the mesh and that cavities will be formed in the finished layer, which will cause a decrease in the strength of the finished surface. In such a case, it is desirable to fill the mesh with crushed stone after covering the mesh body 2, and then to lay the above-mentioned kneaded material.In addition, as the granular aggregate 31, natural This is most desirable because it can be obtained in large quantities and at low cost, but it goes without saying that glass beads, resin beads, etc. can also be used. Examples are given below to further clarify the above effects. Example 1 (a) Adjustment of base layer: A sandy ground was rolled with a roller to make the surface smooth. (b) Prepare expanded metal (JIS.G3351 standard product), dip it in a 35% solution of one-component moisture-curing urethane, cover it on the base layer, and join the joints with wire. It was concluded. (c) Preparation of granular aggregate: Gravel collected near the river mouth was sized to a particle size of approximately 5 mm. (d) Adjustment of binding resin liquid: one-component moisture-curing urethane [manufactured by Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd.]
SUMIDURE21-1] was diluted with thinner [SW-1000 manufactured by Kanka Kagaku Sangyo] to 16% solid content.
(weight) of resin liquid. (e) 100 parts (by weight) of the above granular aggregate and binding resin liquid.
The mixture was kneaded at a ratio of 5 parts (by weight) and laid on the net to a thickness of about 15 mm. (f) The laid kneaded material was pressed with a trowel moistened with the thinner to smooth the surface, and left to stand naturally for 4 hours to dry and harden to form a porous resin concrete layer. Example 2 (a) A base layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and air-mixed mortar (10 parts by weight of cement, 30 parts by weight of river sand) was laid to a thickness of 10 mm. (b) to (f) A porous resin concrete layer was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. When water was sprinkled on the finished surfaces obtained in each of the above Examples, the water quickly penetrated into the layer without accumulating on the surface, and the surface became ready for various plays. In addition, fully loaded 4-ton and 10-ton trucks were run on each of the finished surfaces mentioned above, but no caving occurred. Furthermore, a falling ball test was conducted on each finished surface, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] As can be seen from Table 1, the surface finished by the method of the present invention is extremely durable and can be fully applied not only to various play courts but also to general roads, sidewalks in parks, schoolyards, etc. Example 4 (a) Adjustment of base layer: A sandy base created for a tennis court was rolled with rollers to make the surface smooth. (b) Expanded metal (JIS
G3351 standard XS-61) hot-dip galvanized products were installed, and mutual joints were tied together with stainless steel wire. (c) Gravel collected near the river mouth is sized to a particle size of 2 mm, kneaded with the same one-component moisture-curing urethane in the same formulation as above, and this kneaded product is laid on the expanded metal. This was then cured integrally with the expanded metal to form a porous resin concrete layer with a thickness of 15 mm. (d) Court lines were drawn on the surface of the resin concrete layer according to tennis court standards, and a top coat was further applied. (e) When water was sprinkled on the finished surface, the water quickly permeated the surface without pooling on the surface, making it possible to play tennis immediately. In addition, the slip characteristics, hardness and elasticity of the tennis court during falls were measured with the cooperation of the Ono Laboratory of the Department of Architecture, Tokyo Institute of Technology. The results are shown in Table 2.

[Table] From the results in Table 2, the outdoor floor according to this example is:
It is understood that it has a slip characteristic suitable for tennis courts in both dry and wet conditions (it is said that around 0.6 is particularly suitable for tennis courts). Such sliding characteristics are closely related to the shape and particle size of the granular aggregate of the resin concrete layer, and not only gravel but other rounded granular aggregates with a particle size of 1 to 15 mm are suitable for this purpose.
The above slip resistance coefficient is not limited to tennis courts, but also play courts such as volleyball courts, etc.
It is inferred that it is suitable for school playgrounds, walking trails in parks, jogging trails, etc. In addition, the standard values for the hardness test and elasticity test at the time of falling are both safety standards for gymnasiums stipulated in JIS standards, but the example cleared both of these standards,
Although it is an outdoor floor, it is understood to be extremely safe and highly elastic. The hardness and elasticity at the time of a fall are closely related to the layered structure of the floor, and are obtained through the synergistic effect of the sandy base layer (same in the case of soil) and the lysine concrete layer. . As described above, when the outdoor floor surface finishing method of the present invention is applied to a play court such as a tennis court, it has all the advantages of conventional untuker courts and asphalt courts, and also has improved slip characteristics and falls. It has excellent hardness and elasticity, and is sure to be well received by players and managers. In particular, the above characteristics are highly suitable not only for play courts, but also for school playgrounds and jogging walkways in parks, and when applied to streets and walkways in parks, it will greatly contribute to the creation of new cities with lots of greenery. Therefore, its social value is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing an example of an outdoor floor obtained by the method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view of another example. (Explanation of symbols) 1... Base layer, 2... Metal mesh, 3... Porous range concrete layer, 31...
Granular aggregate.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A metal mesh body 2 is directly or indirectly covered on a base layer 1 made of sand or soil, and rounded granular aggregates 31 with a grain size of 1 to 15 mm are bonded to each other. By kneading the aggregate and the binding resin liquid to the extent that the aggregate and the binding resin liquid can be obtained, placing the kneaded mixture of the aggregate and the binding resin liquid on the net body 2, and curing the binding resin liquid,
A surface finishing method for an outdoor floor, characterized in that a water-permeable porous resin concrete layer 3 is formed by mutual bonding of the granular aggregates 31 integrated with the net 2.