JPH0361429A - Grafting system - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide the title system intended to accomplish automation of the whole process from seedling supply to grafted seedling production, so designed that scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are gripped and during their rotation, they are cut at respectively specified positions, and the respective cut parts are faced to each other and fixed into a unit to effect grafting. CONSTITUTION:A scion treating section 2 and a rootstock treating section 3 are rotated so as to face to each other, and at respective positions where a scion gripper 18 and a rootstock gripper 27 face a scion seedling A and a rootstock seedling B at a scion seedling cassette 6 and a rootstock seedling cassette 7, respectively, the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 21 are opened and closed to respectively grip the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B. Thence, when both the seedlings A and B respectively reach a scion seedling cutter 47 and a rootstock seedling cutter 48, both the seedlings A and B are each cut at their positions of height. The scion A and the rootstock B thus cut are stopped in such 1 state as to face their respective sections to each other and lead to mutual conjugation, and a grafted seedling is formed at a bonding part 4 set up corresponding to the grafting position for the seedlings, a seedling gripper-supplying section and a seedling-discharging section 5, and then discharged.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention supplies scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings, cuts them at predetermined positions, and makes seedlings such as clips by placing the cut surfaces of each seedling against each other. The present invention relates to a grafting device that performs grafting work to obtain grafted seedlings by fixing them with a gripping body.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, most of the fruit and vegetable seedlings grown in facilities such as glass rooms and plastic greenhouses are grafted seedlings. The grafting process for producing grafted seedlings is carried out manually with the use of some auxiliary tools. In view of the current situation, the present applicant has filed patent application No. 63-260186.
In the process of holding and transporting the supplied scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings, the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are cut at predetermined positions, the respective cut surfaces are joined, and the joint position is fixed. We are proposing a device that automatically produces grafted seedlings.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

By the way, as a result of testing using a prototype of the above-mentioned grafted seedling manufacturing apparatus, the following problems were detected.

■ Special techniques are required for seedling feeding in order to adjust the seedling feeding posture.

■ Because a guide is required on the seedling transportation path to regulate the movement of the seedling hypocotyl during cutting, leaves may hit the guide and disturb the transportation posture, and the cut surfaces of the scion and rootstock may not match, resulting in gluing errors. may occur.

■ It is not possible to proceed to the next operation until the series of operations of gripping, cutting, and gluing i'a are completed.

■ There is no feeding mechanism for the seedling gripper that attaches the scion and rootstock.

■ There is no supply mechanism for scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings.

■ Seedlings have a long transportation distance and become large.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes a scion processing body that grips and rotates a scion seedling and cuts the scion seedling, and a scion processing body that grips and rotates a rootstock seedling and cuts the rootstock seedling. It comprises a rootstock processing body, and a fixing means for relatively rotating the scion processing body and the rootstock processing body, joining the cut building blocks and the rootstock, and fixing them by a seedling gripping body. This is a characteristic feature.

[For production]

I above? II. (1) The supply of scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings is easy and does not require special skill.

■Scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings rotate and move, and no guide is required on the path, so there is no contact between the seedlings, and the cut surfaces of both seedlings match, preventing gluing errors.

■ The scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings rotate and move, and a series of operations are performed continuously, improving work efficiency.

■ Seedling gripping body is automatically supplied.

■ Seedling supply is automated.

■ Seedlings are transported by rotation, and the transport distance is short.
The aircraft becomes smaller.

It works like this.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the entire grafting device, in which reference numeral 1 is a seedling supply section, 2 is a scion processing section, 3 is a rootstock processing section, 4 is an adhesive section, 5 is a seedling gripping body supply section, and h'' i Shows the discharge section.

The seedling supply unit 1 supports a pair of building block drawing cassette 6 and rootstock seedling cassette 7 so as to rotate at a predetermined interval (in the embodiment, the cassette will be described as rotating in the direction of the arrow). Cassettes 6 and 7 have the same substantial configuration,
One (cassette 6 for scion seedlings) will be explained, and the same reference numerals will be given to common parts of the other (cassette 7 for rootstock seedlings), and the explanation will be omitted. The scion seedling cassette 6 has a large number (24 in the drawing) of seedling support arms 9, 92.
* are arranged at predetermined intervals, and a seedling support hole 10 is provided at the tip of each seedling support arm 9.

A scion seedling A1 and a rootstock seedling B are supported in each of the seedling support holes to, 10, . . ., respectively. Also,
The scion seedling cassette 6 is configured to be detachable from the rotating shaft 11 via a fitting portion 12 .

And cassette 6 for building blocks painting (cassette 7 for rootstock seedlings)
A plurality of sets are prepared, and the scion seedling A or rootstock seedling B is manually suspended and supported in each RA support hole 10 so that the vicinity of the base of the petiole of the cotyledon is supported, and the cassette is replaced. ing.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 1, the support direction of the seedling with respect to the seedling support hole IO is oriented in the cotyledon development direction or rotation tangential direction in the scion seedling A, and in the rootstock seedling B, the cotyledon development direction is oriented in the direction of the rotation center. If the grafted seedlings are supported so that they face each other, the grafted seedlings will be glued together with the cut surfaces of the scion and rootstock facing each other, and the cotyledon development direction of the scion and the rootstock will be in a state where the direction of cotyledon development intersects, and subsequent grafted seedlings will be It was predicted that this would have a positive effect on the growth of the cotyledons, but it is also possible to create grafted seedlings even if the direction of the cotyledons is changed, so there is no need to be particular about the direction in which the cotyledons develop.

The rotating shaft 11 is intermittently rotated (
The intermittent rotation intervals are synchronous with the mutual spacing of the seedling support arms 9.9.

The following explanation is for the case of intermittent rotation.

The scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 are shown in Figs.
8 to 17, the scion rNA and the rootstock seedling B supported in the seedling support hole to of the seedling supply section l are taken over one by one, gripped and rotated, The seedlings are cut at predetermined positions so that the cut surfaces are in contact with each other. For this reason, the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 are rotated so that the cut rfr surfaces are in contact with each other. In the embodiment, the rotation directions of the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 8 are reversed. (There is no need to be particular about this direction of rotation), the gripping position (height) is different so that the scion A is not below the rootstock B, and the cut surface of the seedling is below the scion A, while the rootstock is Since B has a similar configuration except that the cutting direction is changed to face upward, similar components will be given the same names and detailed explanations will be omitted.

The scion processing section 2 includes a cylindrical section 13 of a circular guide fixing plate 13.
A rotary shaft 15 is supported via a bearing 14, a scion conveying plate 1B is fixed to the upper end of the rotary shaft 15, and a motor 17 is connected to the lower end of the rotary shaft 15.

The scion conveying plate 1B has a circular shape centered on the rotating shaft 15, and protrusions lea for attaching scion grippers are provided at equally divided positions on its outer circumference (in the example, three equally divided positions), and each scion A scion gripper 18 is attached to the protrusion lea, which opens and closes in the direction intersecting the hypocotyl of the seedling to release and grip the scion.
is installed. The scion gripper 18 has a gripper opening/closing roll 2 in its opening/closing operation portion, which is in rolling contact with an arcuate guide rail 19 attached to the guide fixing plate i3.
o is provided.

The rootstock processing unit 3 also includes a fixed shaft 2 fixed to the base 21.
A guide fixing plate 28 is fixed to the upper end of the guide fixing plate 23, and a guide rail 24 is attached to this guide fixing plate 23. The plate 2B has a rotatable sleeve length, and protrusions 28m are provided at equally divided positions on the outer circumference of the rootstock conveying plate 2B (in the example, three equally divided positions) for attaching rootstock grippers. A rootstock gripper 27 is attached to the protrusion 28a.
is installed.

A gear 28 is provided on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 22 of the rootstock transport plate 2B.
is provided, and a gear 30 attached to the output shaft of a motor 29 meshes with this gear 28. The rootstock gripper 27 is provided with a roll 31 for opening and closing the gripper.

The guide rail 24 (same as the guide rail 19 of the scion processing section 2) with which this gripper opening/closing roll 31 comes into contact, has an opening/closing guide 32 on the side of the seedling supply section 1 and the adhesive section 4 on the circumference. It is rotatably provided. This opening/closing guide 32 includes a cylinder (or solenoid) 3 such as an air cylinder whose base end is pivotally connected to the guide fixing plate 28.
The ends of the bushing rods 34a of No. 4 are connected, and the rootstock gripper 27 is opened and closed via the gripper opening/closing roll 31 by expansion and contraction of the bushing rods 34a, and the opening/closing guide 32 has a stopper 35 and a return spring. 36, so that when the bushing rod 84a is retracted, the opening/closing guide 32 is located on substantially the same outer circumference as the guide rail 24.

The rootstock gripper 27 (same as the building block gripper 18) is
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the lower gripper 37
and the upper gripper 38, and the rootstock gripper is attached to the protrusion 28a.
The opening/closing cam 40 is pivotally connected to a pivot pin 39 having one end fixed to the pivot pin 39 via a spring, and both ends of the opening/closing cam 40 are pivotally connected between the rear extension portion of the lower gripper 87 and the rear end of the upper gripper 38. The central part of the opening/closing cam 40 is attached to the protrusion 26 for attaching the rootstock gripper.
It is pivotally supported by a pivot pin 4t with one end fixed to a, and the rod tip of the opening/closing roll 31 is connected to this pivot portion. The distance between the pivot pin 89 and the pivot joint between the upper gripper 38 and the opening/closing cam 40 is 8, and the distance from the pivot pin 41 of the opening/closing cam 4o to the pivots at both ends is a and b.
, the distance from the pivot pin 89 to the pivot portion of the opening/closing cam 40 and the lower gripper 87 is L2, and there is a relationship of L2 mL, 10a+b L, <L2. The opening/closing roll 81 has a return spring 42 and a stopper 43.
is provided.

Therefore, when the opening/closing guide 82 pushes up the opening/closing roll 3I to open the rootstock gripper 27, the lower gripper 8
The opening angle θ1 of the upper gripper 3B is larger than the opening angle θ0 of the gripper 7 (θ,>θ0). That is, when the rootstock gripper 27 is opened to grip the rootstock B while the rootstock conveying plate 26 is rotating, the gripper opens slightly wider toward the outside of the rotation to make it easier to grip the rootstock B.

The second rootstock gripper 27 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15
In the embodiment, a link 44 is provided in place of the opening/closing cam 40 of the first embodiment, and the rear end of the rear extension part of the lower gripper 37 is a bush rod of a cylinder 45 whose base end is pivoted to the rootstock conveying plate 2B. The distance between the pivot pin 39, the upper gripper 38 and the link 44 is adjusted to 0°C, and the pivot pin 39, the lower gripper 37 and the link 4
When the distance to the pivot point of No. 4 is Io, Jl, r<It
. There is a relationship between Therefore, when the rootstock gripper 27 is opened by pushing up the rear end of the rear extension of the lower gripper 37 with the bush rod 45a, the opening angle θ of the lower gripper 37 is
The opening angle θ1 of the upper gripper 38 is larger than 0 (
θ1〉θ. ).

The third rootstock gripper 27 shown in FIGS. 16 and 17
The example is the upper gripper 3 in the second example above.
8 and the lower gripper 37 are equal in length, and the upper gripper 38
and the rear end of the lower gripper 37 are connected by a link 4B. Therefore, when the bushing rod 45a pushes up the rear end of the lower gripper 37 to open the rootstock gripper 27, the opening angle of the lower gripper 37 and the opening angle of the upper gripper 38 become equal, and the rootstock conveying plate 26 is rotating. When opening the rootstock gripper 27 to grip the rootstock B, use the first method described above. Although the gripping performance is slightly inferior to that of the second embodiment,
There is no problem in practical use.

In such a scion processing section 2 and a rootstock processing section 3, M1
As shown in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 8 to 11, a scion seedling cutting device 47 and a rootstock seedling cutting device 48 are provided. The scion seedling cutting device 47 has a cutting arm 50 attached to the rotating shaft of a motor 49, and a cutting blade 51 like a razor blade is removably provided at the tip of the cutting arm 50. It rotates from above to below (in the direction of the arrow) in FIG. 8 with respect to A, and cuts the stem of the scion seedling A at a predetermined position so that the cut surface faces downward. A rear stay 52 is provided to support the stem of the scion seedling A from the back when the scion seedling A is cut. Moreover, the rootstock seedling cutting device 48 is a device in which a cutting blade 55 like a razor blade is removably provided at the tip of a cutting arm 54 attached to the rotating shaft of a motor 53.
Rotate the rootstock seedling B held in 7 from below to upward (in the direction of the arrow) as shown in Fig. 10, and place one of the cotyledon development parts of the rootstock seedling B at a predetermined position so that the cut surface faces upward. It is meant to be disconnected. For crops that take root without leaving leaves on the rootstock, the stem of the rootstock B may be cut at a predetermined position so that the cut surface faces upward. When this rootstock seedling B is cut,
Rear stay 56 that supports the stem of rootstock ff1B from the back
A roller 57 is elastically supported on the cutting arm 54 to suppress the petiole from below.

Then, the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3 rotate in directions facing each other, and first, the respective scion grippers 18 and rootstock grippers 27 are used to hold the scion seedling cassette 6 and the rootstock painting cassette 7. At a position opposite to scion seedling A1 and rootstock seedling B,
The scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 are opened and closed to grip the scion seedling A1 and the rootstock seedling B, and then the scion gripper 18
When the scion seedlings A1 and rootstock B held between the rootstock grippers 27 reach the scion seedling cutting device 47 and the rootstock seedling cutting device 48, the scion seedlings A2 and rootstock seedlings B are at their respective height positions. The scion A1 and the cut rootstock B are stopped in a state where their cut surfaces face each other and are joined together, and the above-mentioned adhesive part 4 and i'n grip body A supply section and a seedling discharge section 5 are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the seedling gripping body supply section and the seedling discharging section 5 are provided with a disc-shaped clip cassette 59 that is removably attached to the output wheel of a motor 58. A large number of clip accommodation holes 81.6 for accommodating clips BO at regular intervals in the circumferential direction on its outer periphery.
1..., and each of these clip accommodation holes si, ei
. . , the clip 60 is housed by inserting its opening/closing knob 80a.

A plurality of clip cassettes 59 are prepared in the same manner as the scion cassette 6 and the rootstock cassette 7, and the clips 60 are set in advance and replaced.

At a position corresponding to the joining position of the seedlings A and B, the clip 60 set in the clip cassette 59 is pushed out to the joining position of the seedlings A and B, gripped, and glued (adhesive part 4) to form a grafted seedling. A cylinder G2 is provided on the main body side, and its bushing rod 62a is made to expand and contract. A clip guide 6 is attached to the extensible end of this bushing rod 62g.
3 is provided, and the lip guide 63 is pushed by the bushing rod 82a to hold the clip 60 which has been pulled out from the clip accommodation hole 6 (from the closed state to the bushing rod 6).
It has a guide part B4 which is held in an open state by pressing 2a, and when it is further pressed to close, the joint position of the seedlings A and B is held (adhesive part 4) to form a grafted seedling, and
This clip guide 63 is a guide 6 fixed to the main body side.
5 so as to be slidable within a predetermined range in the front-rear direction, and is always resiliently supported by a return spring 6B so as to be positioned on the bushing rod 82a side.

In addition, a seedling guide groove 67 is formed at the tip of the bottom plate of the clip guide 63, and when the clip guide 63 moves due to the extension of the bush rod 62a, the seedling A in the joined state is
, B into the seedling guide groove 67, and the seedlings A, B are guided as described above.
A grafted seedling is formed by pinching the joint part between the clips BO. The grafted seedlings thus formed are to be discharged by a grafted seedling discharge rod 68 shown in FIG.

Another embodiment of the clip supply unit and seedling discharge unit 5 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is a clip in which both the opening and closing knobs 60a of the clip 60 are accommodated in a clip cassette 69 with the clip 60 in an open state. The clip 60 accommodated in the clip accommodating hole 70 of the clip cassette 69 is inserted into the bushing rod f12a of the cylinder 62. By pushing out the seedlings, the joint portion of the seedlings A and B is held between the clips 60 to form a grafted seedling.

Although not shown, each of the above-mentioned stepping motors, cylinders (butsch rods), etc. are electrically connected and controlled so that they operate synchronously, and furthermore, each operation continues automatically in sequence. It is equipped with a control device that can be adjusted as desired. Additionally, this control device is equipped with six sensors to enable automatic management.

In the grafting device having such a configuration, the scion cassette 6 of the seedling supply section 1 is loaded with the scion seedling A, the rootstock cassette 7 is loaded with the rootstock seedling B, and the clip cassette 59 or 6 is loaded with the scion seedling A and the rootstock cassette 7 with the rootstock seedling B.
9 is loaded with clip BO, and the device is operated.

In the scion cassette 6 and the rootstock cassette 7, the disk part 8 is click-rotated in the direction of the arrow at the loading interval of seedlings A and B, and
When the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 of the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3, which are click-rotated by three rotations, face each other, the seedlings are held between them and taken over.

In the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3, the scion conveying plate i6
Then, the rootstock conveying plate 2B is click-rotated by 1/3 rotation in the direction of the arrow, and the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 2 are
The seedlings held by A 7 are cut by the cutting blades 51 and 55 at positions corresponding to the scion cutting device 47 and the rootstock cutting device jJ48, and the seedlings A are cut at the positions of the adhesive part 4, clip supply part, and seedling discharge part 5. , B stop facing each other, and the opposing positions are held by clips 60, the cut surfaces are glued together, and a grafted seedling is formed and released. Although not shown, a seedling storage box (pot) is provided at the position where the grafted seedlings are released to accommodate the grafted seedlings.

The operations of the main parts in the grafted seedling manufacturing process will be explained in more detail.

In the scion processing section 2 and the rootstock processing section 3, the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 face the scion seedling A and the rootstock seedling B supported by the scion cassette 6 and the rootstock cassette 7. Immediately before opening, the seedlings are held between the bushing rods of the cylinder, and at this time, in the embodiments shown in Figs. ), so even if the hypocotyl of the seedling is bent, it is possible to prevent "gripping position shift". In addition, the scion gripper 18 and the rootstock gripper 27 are arranged so that, at the positions of the adhesive section 4, the clip supply section, and the seedling discharge section 5, the position where the seedlings A and B are cut is opposite to the clip B.
The grafted seedlings are then pinched by O and the cut surfaces are glued together, and then the grafted seedlings are discharged.

In the scion cutting device 47 and the rootstock clearing device 48,
The scion A and the rootstock B are cut in one go, and since the rear stay and rollers are provided, the cutting height is constant, and the rootstock cut surface is arc-shaped to ensure the growth point. It can be cut off, improving adaptability to bending of the fan.

In the clip supply section and the seedling discharge section 5, the clip housed in the clip cassette can be pushed out through the push slot of the cylinder, and the cut surface of the flute can be held and bonded at the opposite position.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the grafting device of the present invention, the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are taken over and held from the B-Cerato type seedling supply unit, and the scion seedlings and rootstock seedlings are placed in a predetermined position in the process of rotation. Since the seedlings are cut at the same time and fixed with the cut parts facing each other, the entire process from supplying seedlings to cutting, gluing and fixing, and releasing them to produce grafted seedlings can be automated, which is labor-saving. Capable of manufacturing grafted seedlings with high precision and efficiency.

Furthermore, since rotational motion is used throughout the production process of grafted seedlings, the apparatus can be downsized and automation is facilitated.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view of a building block processing section and a rootstock processing section. Fig. 3 is a partial side view of the scion processing section and rootstock processing section, Fig. 4 is a partial side view of the clip supply section and seedling discharge section, Fig. 5 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 6 is a partial side view of the clip supply section and the seedling discharging section. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the seedling discharger, FIG. 8 is a partial side view of the scion cutting device, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the scion cutting device, and FIG. 10 is a plan view of the seedling discharger. Partial side view of the cutting device, 1st.
Fig. 1 is a plan view thereof, Fig. 12 is a partial plan view of the rootstock gripper, Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of its operation, Fig. 14 is a partial plan view showing the second embodiment of the rootstock gripper, and Fig. 151m is its operation. FIG. 16 is a partial plan view showing a third embodiment of the rootstock gripper, and FIG. 17 is an explanatory view of its operation. l... Seedling supply section, 2... Building block processing section, 3... Rootstock processing section, 4... Adhesive section, 5... Seedling gripping body supply section and i'fi'Jh-output section , B... Cassette for scion seedlings, 7. Cassette for rootstock seedlings, 8... Disc part, 9...
・Seedling support arm, IO...1G support hole, 11...rotating shaft, 12...fitting part, 13...fixing plate, 14...
・Bearing, i5...Rotating shaft, 1G...Scion transport plate, 1
7... Moyu, 18... Hoki gripper, 19... Guide rail, 208. . Clipper opening/closing roll, 21... base, 22...
Fixed shaft, 23... Guide fixing plate, 24... Guide rail, 25... Bearing, 26... Rootstock conveying plate, 27...
... Rootstock gripper, 28 ... Gear, 29 ... Motor, 30 ... Gear, 31 ... Gripper opening/closing roll,
32... Opening/closing guide, 83... Bin, 34... Cylinder, 35... Stopper, 3B... Return spring, 3
7...Lower gripper, 38...Upper gripper, 39...
・Pivot pin, 40... Opening/closing cam, 41... Pivot pin, 42... Return spring, 43... Stopper, 44...
・Link, 45...Cylinder, 4B...Link, 4
7...Scion cutting device, 48...Rootstock seedling cutting device, 4
9... Motor, 50... Cutting arm, 51... Cutting blade, 52... Rear stay 53... Motor, 54...
... Cutting arm, 55 ... Cutting blade, 5B ... Rear stay, 57 ... Roller, 58 ... Motor, 59 ...
・Clip cassette, 60...Clip, 61...
Clip accommodation hole, 62...Cylinder, G3...Clip guide, 64...Guide portion, 65...Guide,
66... Return spring, 67... Seedling guide groove, 68...
Grafted seedling discharge rod, 69...Clip cassette, 70
...Clip accommodation hole, A...Scion seedling, scion, B...
・1 rootstock seedling. Figure 4 Figure 6/ Figure 9 Figure 15 Figure 17 Figure 14 Figure 16

Claims (1)

[Claims] A scion processing body that grips and rotates a scion seedling and cuts the scion seedling; a rootstock processing body that grips and rotates a rootstock seedling and cuts the rootstock seedling; A grafting device comprising: a fixing means for relatively rotating the scion processing body and the rootstock processing body, joining the cut scion and rootstock and fixing them by a seedling gripping body.