JPH0361837B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention involves continuously covering the outer periphery of the pipe with a cylindrical impermeable membrane when laying a pipe such as a sewage pipe in the ground. This invention relates to a shield excavator that is capable of laying pipe bodies.

(Prior art and its problems) Conventionally, the shield method and the propulsion method have been adopted as methods for laying pipe bodies such as sewage pipes.

The former shield construction method involves excavating the ground with an excavator and sequentially assembling segments into a tubular shape at the rear of the excavator to form a conduit. Then, the rear end of the pipe is pressed by a propulsion jack installed in the shaft, the earth and sand is excavated by an excavator, and the pipe is press-fitted into the ground. A conduit is formed by adding pipes and sequentially press-fitting them.

However, since the pipes formed in this way are made by sequentially joining segments of a certain size or humid pipes, in the case of ground with a lot of groundwater, groundwater may flow from the joints into the pipe when the pipe is in service. There is a problem in that the amount of sewage that is processed in the sewage treatment plant increases by 20 to 30% because the amount of sewage that flows through the pipes is greater than the actual amount of sewage flowing through the pipes.

In addition, in both of the above construction methods, backfill injection is performed to fill the void created between the ground excavated by an excavator and the outer circumferential surface of the pipe, but the injection agent may be absorbed into the ground, causing the design to fail. You will need 150-200% of the amount.

In order to solve these problems,
As disclosed in JP-A-27095 and JP-A-59-31397, a housing section in which a cylindrical impermeable membrane is stored in a folded state is integrally provided inside the rear of the excavator body. A construction method has been developed in which a cylindrical impermeable membrane is pulled out from the rear end of the storage space as the excavation is carried out, and is sandwiched between the tube and the ground, thereby completely covering the outer periphery of the tube with the cylindrical impermeable membrane. It was done.

However, according to these construction methods, the storage section for storing the cylindrical impermeable membrane in a compressed state is formed integrally with the excavator body, so the overall length of the excavator body becomes long and the direction of excavation is reduced. In addition, in the shield method, the propulsion jack is installed at the rear end of the excavator body, so if an impermeable membrane is placed between the propulsion jack and the skin plate of the excavator body, it will be difficult to control the excavator during excavation. There was a problem that if the impermeable membrane was lost, additional storage could not be done.

(Object of the Invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides an object to separate the excavator main body and the cylindrical impermeable membrane storage pipe so that the direction of excavation can be smoothly controlled. This makes it easy to replenish the cylindrical impermeable membrane, and also prevents the excavator body from retreating due to earth pressure or water pressure when the replenishment port is opened when refilling the cylindrical impermeable membrane. To provide a shield excavator which prevents the above.

(Structure of the Invention) In order to achieve the above object, the shield excavator of the present invention has a storage pipe which is composed of an inner and outer double pipe body and whose annular space is formed into a cylindrical impermeable membrane storage chamber. The cylindrical impermeable membrane is connected to the rear end thereof in a flexible manner via a direction adjustment jack, and a refilling port for the cylindrical impermeable membrane is provided in an appropriate position in the inner tube of the cylindrical impermeable membrane storage tube so as to be openable and closable. In addition to making it possible to store the cylindrical water-impermeable membrane, members such as struts to prevent the excavator body from retreating are provided across the front and rear of this replenishment port, and an opening is provided at the rear end of the storage chamber toward the rear. The excavator is characterized by being provided with a cylindrical impermeable membrane outlet and configured to transmit thrust from the rear side to the excavator main body via this storage pipe.

(Description of Embodiments) An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an excavator used in the shield construction method. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes the excavator main body, in which a partition wall 3 is integrally provided in the front part of a skin plate 2, and a rotary shaft 5 of a cutter plate 4 is rotatably inserted and supported in the center of the partition wall 3. A ring-shaped bracket 6 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end of the skin plate 2. Further, a backing plate 8 is provided at the center on the inner circumferential surface of the rear end of the skin plate 2 in proximity to the rear end of the bracket 6, and the backing plate 8 is detachably attached to the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate 2 from all four sides of the outer periphery of the backing plate 8. A strut bridge 9 having a crimped arm 7 is provided. Reference numeral 10 denotes a seal packing provided around the inner peripheral surface of the rear end of the skin plate 2.

Reference numeral 11 denotes an impermeable membrane storage pipe that is bendably connected to the rear end of the excavator main body 1, and includes an outer pipe 12 and an inner pipe 13.
The outer tube 12 has an outer diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the skin plate 2.

Furthermore, the front end of the outer tube 12 is inclined in the inner diameter direction, then bent vertically, and the inner end is integrally fixed to the front end of the inner tube 13 with bolts or the like.
A short cylindrical portion 14 having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the skin plate 2 is integrally formed at the inclined front end of the skin plate 2, and the outer peripheral surface of this short cylindrical portion 14 is connected to the rear end seal packing 1 of the excavator main body 1.
0 in a watertight manner.

Reference numeral 15 designates a plurality of direction adjustment jacks disposed in the inner circumferential space of the small-diameter short cylindrical portion 14, whose base end surfaces are fixed in a state received by the connecting end surfaces of the inner and outer tubes 12 and 13, and whose rod tips are fixed to the above-mentioned state. Contact with bracket 6,
It is joined.

An annular space between the inner and outer double pipes 12 and 13 of the impermeable membrane storage pipe 11 is formed in a storage chamber 16, and a long cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 made of a vinyl sheet or the like is installed in the storage chamber 16. It is folded lengthwise and stored in a deflated state. Further, the storage chamber 16 is filled with water and the rear end of the storage chamber 16 is opened to form an impermeable membrane outlet 33.

FIG. 3 is a detailed view of this outlet 33, and shows the inner pipe 13.
The rear end is expanded and inclined in the outer diameter direction to be brought close to the inner circumferential surface of the rear end of the outer tube 12, and the outlet 33 is formed between these opposing surfaces, and the inner tube 1
3 is made to protrude rearward from the rear end of the outer tube 12 to form a tail portion 22 having a larger diameter than the inner tube 13 and a smaller diameter than the outer tube 12, and a surface of the outlet 33 facing the inner and outer tubes. The sponges 34 and 35 are fixed in close contact with each other so that the impermeable membrane 17 can be pulled out while being sandwiched between the two sponges.

The front part of the inner tube 13 is made up of a combination of cover pieces 18 that are divided into a plurality of pieces each having a certain length in the circumferential direction, and these cover pieces 18 are removably assembled into a circular shape using bolts or the like. When removed, an impermeable membrane 1
7 refill port.

Reference numeral 19 denotes a ring-shaped water bag disposed around the outer periphery of the central part of the inner tube of the storage chamber 16, which is inflated by supplying water from inside the storage tube 11 into the bag 19 through a pipe having a valve 20. By crimping the periphery, the front half of the storage chamber 16 is watertightly sealed off from the rear half.

Reference numeral 21 denotes a valve attached to the rear part of the inner tube, which supplies a mixture of muddy water and air, or only muddy water or air, into the storage chamber 16 from the inside of the storage pipe 11 through piping.

Reference numeral 23 designates a segment assembly pipe that is bendably connected to the rear end of the storage pipe 11. The outer diameter of the skin plate 32 is formed to be approximately equal to the outer diameter of the tail portion 22 of the storage pipe 11, and the front end is formed inside the segment assembly pipe. It is formed into a small-diameter short tube 24 that is inclined in the opposite direction and then protrudes forward and is slidably fitted into the tail portion 22 via a packing 36.

A plurality of direction correction jacks 25 are attached to the inner circumferential surface of the small diameter short pipe 24 facing forward, and their rod tips abut against a receiving part formed at the rear end of the inner pipe 13 of the storage pipe 11. I've let it happen.

On the inner peripheral surface of the front part of the segment assembly pipe 23, there are a plurality of propulsion jacks 2 with rods facing rearward.
8 is fixed, and a strut support 29 having the same structure as the strut support 9 provided in the excavator main body 1 is arranged in the center of the front part, and the tip of the arm 37 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the assembly pipe. It is removably pressed into contact with the

Further, the rear part of the segment assembly pipe 23 is formed into an assembly section 26 in which a segment assembly erector 30 is disposed.

31 is a tail seal gasket provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rear end of the skin plate 32.

(Function) To describe the shield construction method in which segments are assembled using the shield excavator configured as described above, the end of the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 is connected to a vertical shaft (not shown).
If the excavator body 1 is allowed to dig after fixing it to
The cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 folded and stored in the storage chamber 16 is pulled out from between the sponges 34 and 35 of the outlet 33.

At this time, since the tail portion 22 has a smaller diameter than the outer pipe 12, and the subsequent skin plate 32 also has approximately the same diameter as the tail portion 22, the excavated ground and the tail portion 22
2 and the skin plate 32, and therefore, the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 enters the gap and is pulled out without significant friction with the skin plate 32 etc., and the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 17 completely covers the skin plate 32 and the outer periphery of the segment 27 assembled as the excavation progresses without tearing.

Also, air, muddy water, or a mixture thereof is injected from the valve 21 to form the impermeable membrane 17 and the tail portion 22.
and the skin plate 32, the impermeable membrane 17 expands outward the moment it is pulled out from the containment pipe 11, does not come into close contact with the skin plate 32, and is pressed against the inner circumferential surface of the ground. Ground collapse can be prevented.

In this way, as the excavator main body 1 excavates, when the impermeable membrane 17 in the storage chamber 16 is almost completely gone, it is confirmed through the transparent window 38 provided in the inner pipe 13 of the storage pipe 11, and the forward movement of the shield excavator is confirmed. make it stop.

Next, another cylindrical impermeable membrane that has been folded and contracted is carried between both strut supports 9 and 29, and then a strut (not shown) or a suitable rod-like object is placed inside this cylindrical impermeable membrane. Through the insertion, both ends of the strut or rod-like object are attached to the center plates 8, 8 of the strut supports 9, 29.

Furthermore, by injecting water into the water bag 19 from the valve 20 and expanding the water bag 19, the front half of the storage chamber 16 is closed off from the rear end, thereby preventing groundwater from flowing in from the outlet 33 side. After preventing
The water in the storage chamber 16 is drained and the cover piece 18 at the front end of the inner tube is removed to serve as a replenishment port. At this time, if you remove the cover piece 18 and open the refill port,
The backward movement of the excavator main body 1 through the inner pipe 13 of the storage pipe 11 is blocked by the rear jack, but the struts or rod-shaped objects connected between the front and rear strut supports 9 and 29 The earth pressure and water pressure from the excavator main body 1 side is received by the segment assembly pipe 23 side through a retreat prevention member such as the like, thereby preventing the excavator from retreating.

When the replenishment port is opened, the end of the newly brought in cylindrical water-impermeable membrane is adhered to the end of the water-impermeable membrane in the storage chamber 16, and the cylindrical water-impermeable membrane is replenished and stored in the storage chamber 16.

After that, the replenishment port is watertightly closed with the cover piece 18, the storage chamber 16 is filled with water, the water in the water bag 19 is drained, and the water bag 19 is deflated, and the strut or rod-like object is removed. do.

In this way, the storage chamber 16 is replenished with the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 and excavation is carried out again in the same manner as described above, and this operation is repeated to cover the outer periphery of the conduit obtained by assembling the segments 27 with the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17. do.

Further, backfilling is performed through the injection port 40 between the cylindrical impermeable membrane 17 and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe.

In the above embodiments, the shield construction method has been explained, but in the case of the propulsion construction method, instead of the segment assembly pipe 23, a short pipe having a direction correction jack 25 and a strut support 29 is simply used as an impermeable membrane storage pipe. 11 and connect a hume pipe to the rear end of this short pipe.Also, without using such a short pipe, as shown in Fig. 4, the impermeable membrane storage pipe 1
A hume tube 39 may be connected to the rear end of the inner tube 1, and a strut support 29' may be detachably attached to the hume tube 39 at the forefront. The rest of the structure is the same as the embodiment described above, so a description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the installation position of the front and rear strut supports 9, 29, or 29' is determined by the storage pipe 11.
The replenishment port may be located at any position before or after the refill port provided in the inner tube 13 of the refill port.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the shield excavator of the present invention, the excavator main body and the cylindrical impermeable membrane storage pipe are formed separately, and the storage pipe is attached to the rear end of the excavator main body. Since they are connected in a flexible manner via the direction adjustment jack, the excavation direction can be easily controlled by the direction adjustment jack when the excavator main body is set to a normal length. is formed from an inner and outer double pipe, and its annular space is formed into an impermeable membrane storage chamber, and a replenishment port for the cylindrical impermeable membrane is provided at a suitable position in the inner pipe portion of the cylindrical impermeable membrane storage pipe so as to be openable and closable. Since the cylindrical impermeable membrane can be stored in the storage chamber from the replenishment port, when the impermeable membrane that is pulled out during excavation runs out, it is easy to replenish the storage chamber with impermeable membrane, and Even in the construction work of pipelines, the water-impermeable membrane can be coated over the entire length of the pipeline. In addition, members such as struts for preventing the excavator body from retreating are provided before and after the refilling port of the cylindrical impermeable membrane, so that the refilling port is opened when refilling the cylindrical impermeable membrane. Even if the excavator main body is moved backward, the backward jacking of the excavator main body can be reliably prevented by the backward jacking through this anti-reverse member of the excavator main body. Despite this, there will be no hindrance to excavation work or replenishment work of the cylindrical impermeable membrane.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the impermeable membrane outlet.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing another embodiment of the present invention. 1... Shield excavator main body, 9... Strut support, 1
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Impermeable membrane storage pipe, 15... Direction correction jack, 16... Storage chamber, 17... Impermeable membrane, 18...
...Cover piece, 23...Segment assembly pipe, 28...
...Propulsion jack, 29... Stray beam support, 33... Outlet.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A storage pipe consisting of an inner and outer double pipe body, the annular space of which is formed into a cylindrical impermeable membrane storage chamber, is bendably connected to the rear end of the excavator body via a direction adjustment jack. A replenishment port for the cylindrical impermeable membrane is provided at a suitable location in the inner pipe of the permeable membrane storage pipe so that the cylindrical impermeable membrane can be opened and closed, and the cylindrical impermeable membrane can be stored in the storage chamber from the replenishment port. In addition, a cylindrical impermeable membrane outlet that opens toward the rear is provided at the rear end of the storage chamber, and a cylindrical impermeable membrane outlet that opens toward the rear is provided at the rear end of the storage chamber. A shield excavator characterized by being configured to transmit thrust from the shield to the excavator body.