JPH0363539B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0363539B2
JPH0363539B2 JP57205622A JP20562282A JPH0363539B2 JP H0363539 B2 JPH0363539 B2 JP H0363539B2 JP 57205622 A JP57205622 A JP 57205622A JP 20562282 A JP20562282 A JP 20562282A JP H0363539 B2 JPH0363539 B2 JP H0363539B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
carbon monoxide
reaction
cod
catalyst
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP57205622A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5995234A (en
Inventor
Kazuo Tano
Keiichi Sato
Tooru Oogoshi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority to JP57205622A priority Critical patent/JPS5995234A/en
Publication of JPS5995234A publication Critical patent/JPS5995234A/en
Publication of JPH0363539B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0363539B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明はヒドロホルミル化方法に係るものであ
る。特に反応に使用する触媒の調製方法に関する
ものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydroformylation process. In particular, it relates to a method for preparing a catalyst used in a reaction.

オレフイン性化合物を触媒の存在下水性ガスと
反応させて、オレフイン性化合物をヒドロホルミ
ル化する方法は、所謂オキソ反応法としてよく知
られている。触媒としてはコバルトカルボニル、
ロジウムカルボニル、あるいはこれらのホスフイ
ン錯体等が主として使用されている。
The method of hydroformylating an olefinic compound by reacting the olefinic compound with water gas in the presence of a catalyst is well known as the so-called oxo reaction method. Cobalt carbonyl as a catalyst,
Rhodium carbonyl or phosphine complexes thereof are mainly used.

なかでも、ロジウムカルボニルを触媒として用
いる場合には、高い活性とアルデヒドに対する高
い選択性が得られる。しかしロジウムカルボニル
は不安定である為、工業的には安定なロジウム化
合物をヒドロホルミル化反応帯域に供給し、反応
条件下でロジウム化合物を還元カルボニル化して
触媒として使用されているが、この際、ロジウム
カルボニルに十分転化せず1部がロジウム金属化
するため、触媒活性が十分に発現されず、またロ
ジウムの回収率を低下させる等の問題があつた。
Among them, when rhodium carbonyl is used as a catalyst, high activity and high selectivity to aldehydes can be obtained. However, since rhodium carbonyl is unstable, industrially, a stable rhodium compound is supplied to the hydroformylation reaction zone, and the rhodium compound is reduced and carbonylated under the reaction conditions to be used as a catalyst. Since the catalyst is not sufficiently converted to carbonyl and a portion thereof is converted to rhodium metal, there are problems such as insufficient catalytic activity and a decrease in the recovery rate of rhodium.

本発明者らは、種々研究した結果、空気中で安
定で取扱い容易え一般式〔Rh(RCOO)(COD)〕2
で示されるロジウム化合物とあらかじめ一酸化炭
素で処理したのち触媒として反応に供することに
より、活性、安定性の高い触媒を得ることに成功
した。
As a result of various studies, the present inventors found that the general formula [Rh (RCOO) (COD)] 2 is stable in air and easy to handle.
By treating the rhodium compound represented by the formula with carbon monoxide in advance and then using it as a catalyst in the reaction, they succeeded in obtaining a catalyst with high activity and stability.

すなわち本発明は予じめ一酸化炭素又は一酸化
炭素含有ガスで処理した〔Rh(RCOO)(COD)〕2
(但しRはハロゲンで置換されていてもよいアル
キル基又はアリール基を示し、CODは1.5−シク
ロオクタジエンを意味する)を触媒としてオレフ
イン性化合物、一酸化炭素および水素を反応させ
ることを特徴とするヒドロホルミル化方法に存す
る。
That is, in the present invention, the material is treated in advance with carbon monoxide or a carbon monoxide-containing gas [Rh (RCOO) (COD)] 2
(However, R represents an alkyl group or an aryl group which may be substituted with halogen, and COD means 1.5-cyclooctadiene) is used as a catalyst to react an olefinic compound, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. The present invention consists in a hydroformylation method.

本発明を詳細に説明するに、本発明に於て触媒
原料として用いられる〔Rh(RCOO)(COD)〕2
示されるロジウム化合物としては、例えば〔Rh
(CH3COO)(COD)〕2、〔Rh(C2H5COO)
(COD)〕2〔Rh(C6H5COO)(COD)〕2、〔Rh
(CF3COO)(COD)〕2〔Rh(C2F5COO)(COD)〕2
〔Rh(CH2ClCOO)(COD)〕2等、Rがハロゲンで
置換されていてもよい炭素数1〜5のアルキル
基、またはフエニル基等のアリール基の化合物が
挙げられる。特にRがメチル基の化合物が好まし
い。
To explain the present invention in detail, the rhodium compound represented by [Rh(RCOO)(COD)] 2 used as a catalyst raw material in the present invention is, for example, [Rh
(CH 3 COO) (COD)〕 2 , [Rh(C 2 H 5 COO)
(COD)] 2 [Rh (C 6 H 5 COO) (COD)] 2 , [Rh
(CF 3 COO) (COD)] 2 [Rh (C 2 F 5 COO) (COD)] 2 ,
Examples include compounds in which R is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a halogen, such as [Rh(CH 2 ClCOO) (COD)] 2 , or an aryl group such as a phenyl group. Particularly preferred are compounds in which R is a methyl group.

上述のロジウム化合物を一酸化炭素又は一酸化
炭素含有ガスで処理するのには、通常、ヒドロホ
ルミル化反応の反応溶媒にロジウム化合物を溶解
ないし懸濁し、これに一酸化炭素又は一酸化炭素
含有ガスを吹き込む方法が採られる。
To treat the above-mentioned rhodium compound with carbon monoxide or a carbon monoxide-containing gas, the rhodium compound is usually dissolved or suspended in a reaction solvent for the hydroformylation reaction, and then carbon monoxide or a carbon monoxide-containing gas is added to the rhodium compound. A blowing method is used.

処理条件が通常、一酸化炭素分圧1〜200Kg/
cm2、好ましくは1〜10Kg/cm2、温度は10〜200℃、
好ましくは20〜150℃、処理時間1〜100分、好ま
しくは2〜50分の範囲から選ばれる。
The treatment conditions are usually carbon monoxide partial pressure 1 to 200 kg/
cm2 , preferably 1-10Kg/ cm2 , temperature 10-200℃,
Preferably, the treatment time is selected from the range of 20 to 150°C and the treatment time of 1 to 100 minutes, preferably 2 to 50 minutes.

一酸化炭素は窒素等反応に不活性なガスで希釈
されていてもよい。また水性ガスを使用すること
もできる。水性ガスはヒドロホルミル化反応の反
応原料の1つであるから、水性ガスを用いて処理
できることは極めて好都合である。しかして水性
ガスによる処理は後述するヒドロホルミル化反応
の条件に比し低温、低圧を選択することが経済性
及びロジウムの安定性の点から好ましい。水素と
一酸化炭素の比はヒドロホルミル化反応に用いる
ものと同じでよくH2/CO=1/2〜5/1が好
ましい。
Carbon monoxide may be diluted with a gas inert to the reaction, such as nitrogen. It is also possible to use water gas. Since water gas is one of the reaction materials for the hydroformylation reaction, it is very convenient to be able to process using water gas. Therefore, it is preferable to select a lower temperature and lower pressure for the treatment with water gas than the conditions for the hydroformylation reaction described later, from the viewpoint of economy and stability of rhodium. The ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide may be the same as that used in the hydroformylation reaction, and preferably H2 /CO=1/2 to 5/1.

本発明方法によれば、一酸化炭素又は一酸化炭
素含有ガスの処理により下式の反応が生起して、
触媒として安定で活性の高いロジウム錯体が得ら
れるものと推定される。
According to the method of the present invention, the reaction of the following formula occurs by treatment of carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide-containing gas,
It is estimated that a rhodium complex that is stable and highly active as a catalyst can be obtained.

〔Rh(RCOO)(COD)〕2+2CO→〔Rh
(RCOO)(CO)22 また、一酸化炭素処理はヒドロホルミル化反応
の原料であるオレフイン性化合物の存在下に実施
することもでき、所望ならばこのオレフイン性化
合物を溶媒として、これに〔Rh(RCOO)
(COD)〕2を溶解ないし懸濁させて処理に供する
こともできる。
[Rh (RCOO) (COD)] 2 +2CO → [Rh
(RCOO)(CO) 2 ] 2Also , the carbon monoxide treatment can be carried out in the presence of an olefinic compound which is a raw material for the hydroformylation reaction, and if desired, this olefinic compound can be used as a solvent. Rh(RCOO)
(COD)] 2 can also be dissolved or suspended for treatment.

一酸化炭素又は一酸化炭素含有ガス処理の装置
としては撹拌槽や気泡塔を用いることができる
が、簡便にはロジウム化合物を含む溶液を一酸化
炭素と共に気液混合状態でパイプ中を流通させる
方式が採用される。
A stirring tank or a bubble column can be used as a device for treating carbon monoxide or carbon monoxide-containing gas, but a simple method is to flow a solution containing a rhodium compound together with carbon monoxide in a gas-liquid mixture through a pipe. will be adopted.

本発明によるヒドロホルミル化反応は、上述の
処理により調製した触媒を用いる以外は、常法に
従つて実施される。反応原料のオレフイン性化合
物としては、エチレン、プロピレン、ブテン−
1、ペンテン−1、ヘキセン−1、オクテン−
1、デセン−1等の直鎖α−オレフイン類の外
に、ブテン−2、ペンテン−2、ヘキセン−2、
ヘキセン−3、オクテン−2、オクテン−3等の
直鎖内部オレフイン類、イソブチレン、2−メチ
ルブテン−1、2−メチルペンテン−1、3−メ
チルペンテン−1、2−メチルヘキセン−1、3
−メチルヘキセン−1、2−メチルヘプテン−
1、3−メチルヘプテン−1、4−メチルヘプテ
ン−1等の分岐α−オレフイン類、2,3−ジメ
チルブテン−1、2,3−ジメチルペンテン−
1、2,4−ジメチルペンテン−1、2,3−ジ
メチルヘキセン−1、2,4−ジメチルヘキセン
−1、2,5−ジメチルヘキセン−1、3,4−
ジメチルヘキセン−1等の多分岐αオレフイン類
やこれらの二重結合異性体があげられる。また、
プロピレン、ブテン、イソブチレン等の二〜四量
体のような異性体混合物、さらにはアリルアルコ
ール、アクロレインアセタール、ビニルアセテー
ト、スチレン、アルキルビニルエーテル等の置換
基を有するオレフイン等も用いることができる。
特に本発明は、プロピレン、ブテン、イソブチレ
ン等の二〜四量体の異性体混合物のような分岐を
有する内部オレフインないしこれらを主体とする
混合物を原料とする場合でも反応がすみやかに進
行するのでこれら内部オレフインないしその混合
物のヒドロホルミル化に好適である。
The hydroformylation reaction according to the present invention is carried out according to a conventional method except that the catalyst prepared by the above-mentioned treatment is used. The olefinic compounds used as reaction raw materials include ethylene, propylene, and butene.
1, pentene-1, hexene-1, octene-
1. In addition to linear α-olefins such as decene-1, butene-2, pentene-2, hexene-2,
Linear internal olefins such as hexene-3, octene-2, octene-3, isobutylene, 2-methylbutene-1, 2-methylpentene-1, 3-methylpentene-1, 2-methylhexene-1,3
-Methylhexene-1,2-methylheptene-
Branched α-olefins such as 1,3-methylheptene-1,4-methylheptene-1, 2,3-dimethylbutene-1,2,3-dimethylpentene-
1,2,4-dimethylpentene-1,2,3-dimethylhexene-1,2,4-dimethylhexene-1,2,5-dimethylhexene-1,3,4-
Examples include hyperbranched α-olefins such as dimethylhexene-1 and double bond isomers thereof. Also,
It is also possible to use isomer mixtures such as dimers to tetramers of propylene, butene, isobutylene, etc., as well as olefins having substituents such as allyl alcohol, acrolein acetal, vinyl acetate, styrene, and alkyl vinyl ether.
In particular, the present invention allows the reaction to proceed rapidly even when the raw materials are branched internal olefins such as dimeric to tetrameric isomer mixtures such as propylene, butene, and isobutylene, or mixtures mainly composed of these. Suitable for hydroformylation of internal olefins or mixtures thereof.

ヒドロホルミル化反応は通常、溶媒の存在下に
行なわれるが、溶媒の使用は不可欠ではない。溶
媒としては、触媒を溶解し、かつ反応に悪影響を
与えないものであれば、任意のものを用いること
ができる。例えばベンゼン、トルエン、キシレ
ン、ドデシルベンゼン等の芳香族炭化水素、シク
ロヘキサン等の脂環式炭化水素、ジブチルエーテ
ル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエ
チレングリコールジエチルエーテル、トリエチレ
ングリコールジメチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフ
ラン等のエーテル類、ジエチルフタレート、ジオ
クチルフタレート等のエステル類などが用いられ
る。また、ヒドロホルミル化反応により生成した
アルデヒドやアルコール、さらには副生する高沸
点物等を溶媒とすることもできる。
The hydroformylation reaction is usually carried out in the presence of a solvent, although the use of a solvent is not essential. Any solvent can be used as long as it dissolves the catalyst and does not adversely affect the reaction. For example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene, and dodecylbenzene, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, ethers such as dibutyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, and tetrahydrofuran, diethyl phthalate, Esters such as dioctyl phthalate are used. Furthermore, aldehydes and alcohols produced by the hydroformylation reaction, and high-boiling substances produced as by-products can also be used as solvents.

反応温度は高い方が反応速度の点では有利であ
るが、高温に過ぎると触媒が分解する恐れがあ
る。従つて通常は50〜170℃、特に100〜150℃で
反応を行なうのが好ましい。
A higher reaction temperature is advantageous in terms of reaction rate, but if the temperature is too high, there is a risk that the catalyst will decompose. Therefore, it is usually preferable to carry out the reaction at a temperature of 50 to 170°C, particularly 100 to 150°C.

水性ガスとしては、水素と一酸化炭素のモル比
率が1/5〜5/1、特に1/2〜2/1のもの
が好ましい。水性ガスの分圧としては20Kg/cm2
500Kg/cm2の範囲が用いられるが、好ましくは50
Kg/cm2〜300Kg/cm2の範囲である。
The water gas preferably has a hydrogen to carbon monoxide molar ratio of 1/5 to 5/1, particularly 1/2 to 2/1. Partial pressure of water gas is 20Kg/cm 2 ~
A range of 500Kg/ cm2 is used, preferably 50Kg/cm2.
It is in the range of Kg/cm 2 to 300Kg/cm 2 .

反応は連続方式および回分方式のいずれでも行
なうことができる。
The reaction can be carried out either continuously or batchwise.

以下に実施例により本発明をさらに具体的に説
明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以
下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples below, but the present invention is not limited to the following Examples unless it exceeds the gist thereof.

実施例 1 内容積200mlのSUS−316製上下撹拌式オート
クレーブに、イソオクテン(n−オクテン、3−
メチルヘプテン、3,4−ジメチルヘキセンの二
重結合異性体混合物)50mlおよび〔Rh
(CH3COO)(COD)〕2のm−キシレン溶液(ロジ
ウムとして100mg/含有)5mlを装入した。オ
ートクレーブを密封し、室温で常圧の窒素ガスを
流して空気を置換し、更に20Kg/cm2Gまで一酸化
炭素ガスを圧入した後常圧に排気する操作を3回
くり返し、この一酸化炭素雰囲気のまま30分を要
して130℃まで昇温した。
Example 1 Isooctene (n-octene, 3-octene,
Methylheptene, 3,4-dimethylhexene double bond isomer mixture) 50ml and [Rh
(CH 3 COO) (COD)] 2 in m-xylene (containing 100 mg of rhodium) was charged. Seal the autoclave, replace the air by flowing nitrogen gas at room temperature and normal pressure, and then pressurize carbon monoxide gas to 20 kg/cm 2 G, then exhaust to normal pressure, and repeat the process three times to remove this carbon monoxide. The temperature was raised to 130°C over 30 minutes in the atmosphere.

130℃到達後、直ちに全圧が200Kg/cm2Gとなる
様に水性ガス(H2/CO=1)を圧入し、ヒドロ
ホルミル化反応を開始し、130℃で4時間反応さ
せた。この間、反応により消費された水性ガスは
定圧装置を経て蓄圧器から補給し、オートクレー
ブを200Kg/cm2Gに保つた。この間のガス吸収の
比反応速度は後記比較例1の反応速度を100とし
た場合137であつた。
Immediately after reaching 130°C, water gas (H 2 /CO = 1) was introduced under pressure so that the total pressure became 200 Kg/cm 2 G to start the hydroformylation reaction, and the reaction was carried out at 130°C for 4 hours. During this time, water gas consumed by the reaction was supplied from a pressure accumulator via a constant pressure device to maintain the autoclave at 200 kg/cm 2 G. The specific reaction rate of gas absorption during this period was 137 when the reaction rate of Comparative Example 1 described later was taken as 100.

なお、反応速度は下式に従つて算出した。 Note that the reaction rate was calculated according to the formula below.

dx/dt=k(a−x)1/2 a:オレフイン初濃度 x:転化オレフイン濃度 k:速度定数 比較例 1 実施例1に於て、オートクレーブに一酸化炭素
ガスを圧入する代りに窒素ガスを圧入し次いで常
圧に排気する操作を3回くり返した後130℃に昇
温し、実施例1と同様にヒドロホルミル化反応を
行なつた。
dx/dt=k(a-x) 1/2 a: Initial concentration of olefin x: Concentration of converted olefin k: Rate constant comparison example 1 In Example 1, nitrogen gas was used instead of pressurizing carbon monoxide gas into the autoclave. After repeating the operation of pressurizing and then evacuation to normal pressure three times, the temperature was raised to 130°C, and a hydroformylation reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

実施例1と同様に算出した比反応速度は100で
あつた。
The specific reaction rate calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 was 100.

実施例 2 実施例1と同様にして、但しオートクレーブに
一酸化炭素ガスを圧入する代りに水性ガス
(H2/CO=1:1)を20Kg/cm2Gとなる様に圧
入し次いで常圧に排気する操作を3回くり返した
後、実施例1と同様にしてヒドロホルミル化反応
を行なつた。
Example 2 In the same manner as in Example 1, except that instead of pressurizing carbon monoxide gas into the autoclave, water gas (H 2 /CO = 1:1) was pressurized to 20 kg/cm 2 G, and then the pressure was increased to normal pressure. After repeating the evacuation operation three times, a hydroformylation reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

実施例1と同様に算出した比反応速度は141で
あつた。
The specific reaction rate calculated in the same manner as in Example 1 was 141.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 予じめ一酸化炭素又は一酸化炭素含有ガスで
処理した〔Rh(RCOO)(COD)〕2(但しRはハロ
ゲンで置換されていてもよいアルキル基又はアリ
ール基を示し、CODは1.5−シクロオクタジエン
を意味する)を触媒として、オレフイン性化合
物、一酸化炭素および水素を反応させることを特
徴とするヒドロホルミル化方法。 2 オレフイン性化合物が分岐を有する内部オレ
フインないしはこれを主体とする混合物であるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載のヒド
ロホルミル化方法。 3 一酸化炭素含有ガスが水性ガスであることを
特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項または第2項記
載のヒドロホルミル化方法。
[Scope of Claims] 1 [Rh (RCOO) (COD)] previously treated with carbon monoxide or a carbon monoxide-containing gas 2 (However, R represents an alkyl group or an aryl group which may be substituted with halogen. A hydroformylation method characterized by reacting an olefinic compound, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen using an olefinic compound, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen as a catalyst (COD means 1,5-cyclooctadiene). 2. The hydroformylation method according to claim 1, wherein the olefinic compound is a branched internal olefin or a mixture mainly composed of this. 3. The hydroformylation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbon monoxide-containing gas is a water gas.
JP57205622A 1982-11-24 1982-11-24 Hydroformylation method Granted JPS5995234A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57205622A JPS5995234A (en) 1982-11-24 1982-11-24 Hydroformylation method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP57205622A JPS5995234A (en) 1982-11-24 1982-11-24 Hydroformylation method

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5995234A JPS5995234A (en) 1984-06-01
JPH0363539B2 true JPH0363539B2 (en) 1991-10-01

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JP57205622A Granted JPS5995234A (en) 1982-11-24 1982-11-24 Hydroformylation method

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JPH07297707A (en) * 1994-04-27 1995-11-10 Nec Corp Phase locked loop oscillator circuit
DE102004049631A1 (en) * 2004-10-11 2006-04-20 Basf Ag Process for the preparation of optically active carbonyl compounds
DE102010043558A1 (en) * 2010-11-08 2012-05-10 Evonik Oxeno Gmbh Process for the hydroformylation of unsaturated compounds

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