JPH0366513A - Slitting method for pocket working - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To lessen cutting resistance in the axial direction of a tool to lengthen the life and to shorten the working time to reduce the manday and the number of tools by performing slitting by the composite movement of the movement in the axial direction of a tool and the movement in the direction other than the axial direction of the tool. CONSTITUTION:The coordinate value of an approach position Ps2 is specified and stored, the coordinate value of the slitting end point Ps1 is specified and stored, and a slitting method for slitting from the approach position Ps2 to the slitting end point Ps1 is specified and stored. According to the specification of the slitting method, slitting is performed by the composite movement of the movement in the axial direction of a tool and the movement in the direction other than the axial direction of the tool. By this arrangement, slitting resistance in the axial direction of the tool applied to a tool TL is lessened to lengthen the life, and it is not necessary to previously make a guide prepared hole so that the working time can be shortened so as to remarkably reduce the manday and the number of tools.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a cutting method for pocket machining that requires cutting in the tool axis direction with a tool such as an end mill, and in particular to a method for pocket machining that requires cutting in the tool axis direction with a tool such as an end mill. Regarding the method.

[Conventional technology]

In order to perform pocket machining, in which a recessed area surrounded by a closed curve is cut to a predetermined depth using a tool such as an end mill, the tool must first be cut to a predetermined depth in the tool axis direction.

Conventionally, the following two methods have been widely used for pocket machining.

The first method is to make a straight cut in the tool axis direction.

The second method is to provide a pilot hole for cutting guide that reaches the bottom of the pocket at a predetermined depth, and to cut into the pilot hole for guide in the direction of the tool axis.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, the conventional pocket cutting method has the following problems.

In the example of the first method, the tool end face receives a large cutting force in the tool axis direction, and the cutting speed applied to the tool from the center of the tool to the tool diameter is not constant, so it is necessary to obtain a cutting speed suitable for machining at the tool end face. This is difficult and has the problem of shortening tool life and reducing machining accuracy.

In the second method, the NC data for machining the pilot hole for cutting guide must be manually created and inserted before the NC data for pocket machining, which is extremely troublesome. Ta. Further, there is a problem in that automatically creating and inserting NC data for machining a pilot hole for cutting guide using an automatic programming system makes the system processing extremely complicated.

Furthermore, in the method of machining the pilot hole for the notch guide in advance, since the tool for machining the pilot hole for the notch guide and the tool for pocket machining are different, time is required to change the tool, which reduces the machining time in general. There was a problem that the number of man-hours increased.

The present invention was devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to eliminate the need to drill a pilot hole for cutting guide in advance, and to avoid cutting in the direction of the tool axis even when cutting is performed using only a tool for pocket machining. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutting method for pocket machining that can reduce resistance.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, a cutting method for pocket machining according to the present invention includes the steps of specifying and storing the coordinate values of the approach position, specifying and storing the coordinate values of the end point of the cut, and the steps of specifying and storing the coordinate values of the end point of the cut. specifying and storing a cutting method for cutting from the approach position to the end point of the cutting, and according to the designation of the cutting method, movement in the tool axis direction and movement in a direction other than the tool axis direction. It is characterized by cutting with synthetic movement.

Further, the pocket machining cutting method according to the present invention uses the data of the workpiece material and tool stored in the memory according to the designation of the workpiece material and tool.
a step of determining and storing the depth of cut for each batch; and a step of determining and storing the radius of the circular arc using the predetermined clearance amount and the depth of cut for one time by specifying the cutting method using the circular arc. , specifying the coordinate values corresponding to the end point of the cut, and calculating and storing the coordinate values of the approach position using the specified coordinate values and the radius of the arc; making a cut from the approach position along the radius of the arc; The NC data is created by automatic programming, which includes the step of creating NC data for cutting to the end point, and processing for cutting into an arc shape is performed using this NC data.

[Effect]

The distance α in the tool axis direction from the approach position Ps2 (see Figure 3 (b)) to the top surface of the workpiece is set as a parameter as the clearance amount, and then, by specifying the tool TL, the data of this tool TL and the workpiece are Using the material, the depth of cut βl for one cut in the tool axis direction is determined and recorded. Next, by specifying the arc cut and the coordinate values (x+, y+) of the end point PSI of the arc cut, the arc radius r ( =α+β
1), and using the radius r of this circular interpolation function and the specified coordinate values (x+, y+), approach position Ps! The coordinate value (XI ``r+ ＞'l r
N
Create C data.

By executing this NC data with a numerical control device, an arc-shaped cut is performed, which is a composite movement of movement in the tool axis direction and movement in a direction other than the tool axis direction.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, NC data creation by automatic programming when the tool axis and the Z-axis are parallel, which is an embodiment of the cutting method for pocket machining according to the present invention, will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic progera cutting system that implements the pocket cutting method of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, l is a processor (CPU), 2 is a graphic display device (CRT) that displays a desired interactive screen at each data input step, 3 is a keyboard, and 4 is a program memory that stores a control program. (ROM), 5 is a tool file memory (R
AM), 6 is Z from the approach position to the top of the workpiece
Parameter memory (RAM) that stores various parameters such as axial distance (clearance α), and creation data memory (RAM) that stores created NC data.
). It is assumed that the clearance amount α (see FIG. 3(b)) is set as a parameter in the parameter memory 6 in advance.

Figure 2 shows NC using the pocket machining method of the present invention.
It is a flow chart of automatic data creation processing. The automatic NC data creation process according to the present invention will be described below along the flowchart of FIG. It should be noted that the processing of the interactive automatic progera has already progressed, and the material of the workpiece (workpiece) and the information shown in Figure 3 (
A machining shape (
It is assumed that the definition of PKT (pocket shape) has been completed, and data on the workpiece material and pocket shape PKT have been stored in the creation data memory 7. It is also assumed that the processing direction of pocket processing (for example, spiral cutting from the inside to the outside) has already been specified.

Now, when the operator inputs a tool (for example, an end mill) TL on the dialog screen of the step for specifying the tool to be used, the processor 1 selects the tool T from the tool file memory 5.
Data corresponding to L is obtained, and using this data and data on the workpiece material stored in the creation data memory 7, the amount of cut βI for one cut in the Z-axis direction is obtained. Then,
This one-time cutting depth β1 is stored in the creation data memory 7 together with the data of the tool TL (step 10).

Next, when the operator selects the dialogue screen for manually inputting the cutting method for pocket machining on the CRT2, the CRT2
A menu of cutting methods shown in FIG. 4 is displayed. In addition, in this menu, "10 normal incision JAPM
, means a cutting method in which the tool cuts in a straight line in the Z-axis direction by linear interpolation, and "2. Cutting when there is a pilot hole for guide" A P M t means that the pilot hole for guide is machined in advance. means a cutting method in which the tool is cut into the guide hole in the Z-axis direction by linear interpolation after the
As shown in FIGS. 5(a) and 5(b), M4, APMS, and APMh move the tools to their respective approach positions Ps3. Ps,,Ps5. Ps.

This refers to a cutting method in which a cut is made in an arc shape by circular interpolation from the cut point along the X-2 plane or the Y-Z plane to the end point Ps of the cut.

Then, the operator operates the keyboard 3 to input a predetermined cutting method (step 11). Then, processor 1 determines that the input cutting method is a cutting method using circular interpolation.
For example, APM3, APM4.

Step 1 to determine whether APMs, APM&)
2) As a result of the judgment, if the cutting method is not based on circular interpolation, in other words, the cutting method using linear interpolation (for example, APM
+, APMz), the processing from step 15 onwards is performed.

On the other hand, if the cutting method is based on circular interpolation, the processor 1
is the end point PSl of the cut by the circular interpolation function on the CRT2.
A question that asks about the coordinate values of the

"Please enter the Y coordinate value" is displayed. Then, the operator inputs the X and Y coordinate values of the end point of the notch for circular interpolation (step 13). Then, the processor 1 calculates the cutting amount β for one time stored in the creation data memory 7,
and the clearance amount α stored in the parameter memory 6 to find the radius r (=α+βI) of the circular interpolation function and record it in the creation data memory 7 (step 14).
.

Next, if the method of circular interpolation is specified, the processor l uses the coordinate values input in step 13 and the radius r of the circular interpolation function recorded in the creation data memory 7,
Find the coordinates of the approach position using the circular interpolation function, and calculate the radius r of the circular interpolation function from this approach position.
Create NC data for cutting along to the end point PS1 of the cut. On the other hand, if the linear interpolation method is specified in the judgment at step 12, the clearance amount α and 1
Create NC data for cutting in the X-axis direction by an amount that is the sum of the cutting amount β1 per batch.

For example, in step 11, the operator selects "4.
``Circular interpolation cut in the negative direction'' APM is selected, and in step 13, when the coordinate values (xt, yi) of the end point Psl of the cut in the X-axis direction and Y-axis direction are input, the processor 1 inputs the position data of the top surface of the workpiece. The coordinate value zl of the end point Psl of the notch in the Z direction is determined using Coordinates of approach position Psz moved by radius r in the plus direction (direct (xl +r+ yi + 21 +r)
In addition to finding the NC data of the notch for circular interpolation, Goo X (xl +r)Yy+ HH
(I〉Goo Z (zl +r) ・
・ (a) GO2Xx+ ZZ+ Rr
・ ・Create (b) (step 15), where (a) and (a)′ mean NC data for moving the tool TL from a predetermined position to the approach position ps2 by rapid traverse, and (b) is the tool TL to approach position PSl
It means the NC data for moving from X to the end point PS1 of the cut along the radius r of circular interpolation in the minus direction.

Next, the processor 1 registers the created NC data in the NC data storage area of the creation data memory 7 (step 16), and also the cutting method and the X and Y coordinates of the end point of the cutting entered by the operator in steps 11 and 13. Data such as values are registered in the input data storage area of the creation data memory 7, and the automatic NC data creation process of the present invention is completed.

In the above explanation, an example was given in which the pocket depth DP and the cutting depth β1 for one cut matched, but if the PKT is quite deep and the cutting is done in several steps, The Z-direction coordinate value Zl of the end point Psl of the second cut is updated as new position data on the top surface of the workpiece, and the cutting method and X, Y coordinates of the end point of the cut registered in the input data storage area of the creation data memory 7 are updated. Using data such as values, create NC data for the circular interpolation cut in the second machining.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cutting method using circular interpolation has been described, but if the numerical control device is capable of simultaneous 2.5-axis control or simultaneous 3-axis control, pocket machining using helical interpolation a function is possible. It is also possible to create the NC data using the following cutting method.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, moving the cut in the tool axis direction,
Since the structure is configured to perform the combined movement with movement in a direction other than the tool axis direction, cutting resistance applied to the tool in the tool axis direction can be reduced, tool life can be extended, and the pilot hole for the guide can be pre-machined. Since there is no need to do this, it is possible to significantly shorten machining time, reduce the number of man-hours, and reduce the number of tools.

Further, according to the present invention, the N
Since the C data, for example, the NC data for cutting in an arc shape, is created manually through automatic programming dialogue, it is possible to eliminate human errors and easily create highly reliable NC data.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an automatic programming system that realizes a cutting method for pocket machining according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2 is a flowchart of the process for automatically creating NC data using this method, and Figure 3 is an explanatory diagram of creating NC data for pocket machining using this method. FIG. 4 is an example of the dialog screen when selecting the cutting method of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of the cutting method for pocket machining. (a) is that
An explanatory diagram of the axial direction, and FIG. 13(b) is an explanatory diagram of the Y-axis direction. l...Processor (CPU), 2...Graphic display 3...Keyboard, 4...Program memory, 5...Tool file memory, 6...Parameter memory, 7... Create data memory. Equipment, Figure 1 Figure 4

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) In pocket machining, which cuts a concave area surrounded by a closed curve to a predetermined depth, the tool is moved from the approach position, which is a predetermined clearance distance from the top surface of the workpiece in the tool axis direction, to the end point of the cut. A cutting method for pocket machining that cuts in an axial direction, comprising: specifying and storing the coordinate values of the approach position; specifying and storing the coordinate values of the end point of the cut; a step of specifying and storing a cutting method for the cut to the end point of the cut, and according to the specification of the cutting method, cutting is performed by a composite movement of movement in the tool axis direction and movement in a direction other than the tool axis direction. A cutting method for pocket machining characterized by the following. (2) A step of calculating and storing the depth of cut for one cut in the tool axis direction using the workpiece material and tool data stored in memory by specifying the workpiece material and tool; and By specifying the cutting method, the radius of the circular arc is determined and stored using the predetermined clearance amount and the cutting depth for one time, and the specified coordinate value corresponding to the end point of the cutting is specified. automatic programming comprising the steps of determining and storing the coordinate values of the approach position using the coordinate values and the radius of the circular arc, and creating NC data for cutting from the approach position to the end point of the cut along the radius of the circular arc. Said NC
2. The method for pocket machining according to claim 1, wherein data is created and the process is performed by cutting into an arc shape based on the NC data.