JPH0366597A - Cutting method and device thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the cut residue of a fiber forming a cloth like body by giving the force in the direction crossed to a high speed fluid launching direction to a body and cutting it with the increase of the rigidity of the body. CONSTITUTION:A high pressure water is discharged from a nozzle 26 according to the traveling of the nozzle 26 and a film 23 and cloth like body 31 placed on a timing belt 1 are cut by this force. In the case of the cut by this high pressure water, the cloth like body 31 and film 32 are sucked via through holes 14, 15 from both sides in X direction of the position where the high pressure water is launched, namely at suction boxes 16, 17 positions. A force in the opposite direction is therefore acted on the cloth like body 31 and film 32 at the position nearby where the high pressure water is launched, a large tension is acted on the cloth like body 31, the rigidity is increased, and so the cutting can smoothly be performed by the high pressure water and a cut residue is not caused.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a cutting method and apparatus for cutting sheet-like materials such as m fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, fur, films, etc., particularly sheet-like materials with low rigidity, using high-speed fluid.

[Prior art and its problems]

Conventionally, when cutting fabric items in the production of custom-made clothing, workers would spread the fabric item onto a cutting table, place a paper pattern on it, or draw a cutting pattern and cut along the circumference of the fabric item. Cutting is done by advancing the tool. In this case, hold the cloth-like object with one hand so that it does not move.
Because it is necessary to operate the cutting tool with the other hand to cut,
It has poor workability and requires highly skilled techniques. With the recent development of automatic cutting machines, this highly technical work can now be accomplished easily and efficiently using only simple mechanical operations. However, the cutters of these automatic cutting machines are of the same type as conventional manual cutters in which a shearing blade with a considerable width moves reciprocatingly, so it is difficult to cut correctly along the cutting shape in areas with a small radius of curvature. However, the disadvantage that the blade partially deviates from the cutting pattern remains. Therefore, since the cut figures cannot be made to closely approach each other, it is necessary to provide a considerable distance between the cut figures, resulting in poor utilization efficiency of the cloth-like material. Furthermore, at the acute angle part of the cutting figure, remove the shearing blade from the fabric, change the direction of the blade to the next cutting direction, and feed it by the width of the blade, and then lower the shearing blade to the fabric. The disconnection needs to be restarted. Therefore, it is not only inefficient, but also requires control of the direction and elevation of the blade, making the device expensive. Therefore, a cutting method using a laser has been proposed as a new cutting method to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks. According to this method, there is no need for physical contact with the cloth-like object, and unlike the conventional method, no pressing force is generated in the direction of movement of the cutter, so the force required to hold the cloth-like object is small.
Also, a blade polishing device is not required. Furthermore, synthetic fai! When applied to cutting a 100% fabric or a partially blended fabric, the synthetic fibers in the cut portion are fused to each other and have the advantage that no fraying occurs. However, this laser cutting method also has its weaknesses, namely that it burns out, which causes a bad odor, and that the focus of the laser is set with high precision on the cloth-like material to be cut. Therefore, it has been pointed out that this method is not suitable for cutting multiple layers of cloth at once. Therefore, a method of cutting cloth-like materials using a high-speed fluid such as high-pressure water, which does not have the disadvantages of such laser-based cutting methods, is attracting attention. However, although there is no problem when cutting objects such as asphalt with high-pressure water, when this is applied to fabric-like objects, problems that were never thought of when cutting asphalt arise. did. In other words, the high-pressure water does not stay in one place for many minutes and then shoots at the fabric, but instead moves at a predetermined relative speed, and the fabric is generally ductile. Therefore, even if high-pressure water hits the cloth-like object, especially each fiber that makes up the cloth-like object, it will only extend in the firing direction, leaving a few fibers uncut. A fatal flaw had occurred. In order to solve this fatal drawback, for example, a method of placing a sheet such as cardboard under a cloth-like object was proposed (published in Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-24266), or a method of placing a cloth-like object It has been proposed (Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-18200) to configure the mounting means for placing the ice cubes on an ice bed.However, none of these proposals is realistic. The cardboard laying means proposed in Publication No. 52-24266 requires extra cardboard, and this cardboard cannot be used by retracting it many times. Not only does the cost of the cardboard itself become high as new cardboard must be re-laid, but additional workers are required to replace the cardboard, making the cost extremely high. The changing work itself is cumbersome, reduces work efficiency, and is far from practical.Furthermore, even with the ice bed means proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-18200, in its embodiment, paper-like sea 1
This basically leaves the above-mentioned drawbacks, and also requires a refrigeration system to provide an ice bed, which increases the size of the ice bed.
Because the bed is made of ice, the environmental temperature is extremely low and work efficiency is poor.

[Disclosure of the invention]

The present inventor believes that the method of cutting, for example, cloth-like materials using high-speed fluid such as high-pressure water, can be improved by laser cutting if the problem of ductility of cloth-like materials that occurs when hit by high-speed fluid is solved. Because it brings out some great benefits,
As a result of intensive research and development, we have almost achieved our goal. That is, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the ductility of a cloth-like material that occurs when a high-speed fluid comes into contact with it, and to solve the problem of uncut fibers of the cloth-like material. Also, this cloth-like material i11! The aim is also to provide a means that can be put to practical use to solve the problem of uncut fibers. Therefore, from this point of view, it is an object of the present invention to improve workability and to significantly solve the problem of increased costs. The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is a method of cutting an object by ejecting a high-speed fluid at the object, the method being perpendicular to the direction of the high-speed fluid ejection at the time of cutting the object by ejecting the high-speed fluid. A cutting method is provided in which a force in a chaining direction is applied to an object to increase the rigidity of the object and cut the object. In the above-mentioned cutting method, it is desirable that the direction intersecting the high-speed fluid ejecting direction be substantially orthogonal. Further, in the above cutting method, the force in the direction intersecting with the high-speed fluid ejection direction is applied by supporting at least two places on both sides of the high-speed fluid ejection position with support means, and sucking the sides with suction means, or The tension can be created in the object by spraying fluid on the sides or by pulling the ends of the object in opposite directions. In addition, in the above cutting method, when the object is an air-permeable sheet material such as a cloth material, and when tension is applied by suction means or spraying means, it is necessary to Just place a small air-permeable film on the top. The device for carrying out the above cutting method may include a high-speed fluid ejecting means, an object holding means, and a tension applying means for applying tension to the object held by the object holding means. Good. Then, it is sufficient to be able to supply a film with low air permeability to be placed on the upper surface of the object held by the object holding means as needed.

【Example】

1 to 5 show a device for carrying out the cutting method according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the cutting device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are Figure 4 is a side view and plan view of the vicinity of the receiver housing, and Figure 4 is ■-■ in Figure 3.
The end view in line, FIG. 5, is a schematic diagram showing the nozzle drive mechanism. In each figure, 1 is a timing belt of a predetermined width, for example, several centimeters to several tens of centimeters, and several to several dozen timing belts 1 are arranged in parallel. Note that the timing belts 1 are arranged in parallel so that there is a gap of a predetermined width between each timing belt 1. Each of these timing belts 1 is attached to a sprocket 2 fixed at a predetermined position near the four corners of the cutting device, and therefore, the upper part of the timing belt 1, which is configured to form a substantially rectangular loop, is approximately horizontal. A mounting surface is configured. It is movable in the longitudinal direction of the mounting surface 3 (the X direction in FIG. There are two rows of sprockets 4a in the Y direction in FIG. 4b, and these two rows of sprockets 4a. Similarly, two rows of sprockets 5a and 5b are placed below sprocket 4b.
are provided, and these sprockets 4a, 5a, 5b,
As shown in FIG. 1, each timing belt 1 is attached to the timing belt 4b, and these subblocks 4a, 5a, 5b, and 4b form a substantially inverted Ω-shaped path, as if it were a grooved line. The sub-blocks 4a, 4b, 5a, and 5b are controlled by the timing belt 1 so that they can move in the X direction in synchronization. The concave portion 6 provided on the mounting surface 3 is configured to move in the X direction as the sprockets 4a, 4b, 5a, and 5b move in the X direction.The sprockets 4m, 5a, 5b, In the portion of the four-striped portion 6 surrounded by the four-striped portion 4b, a receiver casing 8 is disposed with an opening 7 extending in the same direction (Y direction) as the grooved portion 6. Note that this receiver casing 8 Also, sprockets 4a4b, 5
It is configured to be movable in synchronization with the movement of a and 5b in the X direction. Reference numeral 9 denotes a steel round bar replaceably arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the receiver housing 8. 10.11 is provided so as to be movable (moved in synchronization with the sprockets 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b) on the timing belt l near both sides of the grooved portion 6, and has a surface with good slipperiness. It is an aluminum plate with a predetermined length in the X direction and is treated with Teflon so that it becomes . In addition, this aluminum plate 10. H corresponds to the gap between the parallel timing belts 1, and Y of the timing belt 1 is
The protruding guide 12.13 that regulates the position in the direction is $
1 has been threatened. A large number of through holes 14.15 are provided in the convex guide portion 12.13 located between the timing belts 1, and below the through holes 14.15, aluminum plates to, Suction boxes 16 and 17 are provided which can be moved in the X direction in synchronization with the movement of tt. Note that a predetermined vacuum pump (not shown) is connected to the suction boxes 16 and 17. 18 is a comb-shaped convex portion 19 suspended between the aluminum plates 10 and 11 on the concave portion 6 and corresponding to the convex guide portion.
．． 20 and has an opening groove 21 at its center along the Y direction, and the upper surface of this bridge plate 18 is set to be approximately at the same height as the upper surface of the timing belt 1. be. Incidentally, since this bridging plate 18 is suspended and fixed between aluminum plates 10 and 11, aluminum plate 10.1
It moves in the X direction in synchronization with the movement of step 1. 22 is a stainless steel belt forming a rectangular loop provided corresponding to the opening groove 21;
The belt at the bottom position of 2 is connected to the bridging plate 18 and the receiver housing 8.
The opening 7 of the receiver housing 8 is closed by the surface of the belt 22 at the lower position. Therefore, the receiver casing 8 has a closed chamber formed by the wall surface of the receiver casing 8 and the belt 22 as if it were a tank bottom. 23 is a through hole of a predetermined diameter provided at one location of the belt 22, and a spacer 25 having a through hole 24 similar to the through hole 23 is provided on the surface of the belt 22 around this through hole 23. In the area where the spacer 25 is provided, the bridging plate 18, the spacer 25, the belt 22, and the upper part of the receiver housing 8 are illuminated so that they are in contact with each other. Reference numeral 26 denotes a nozzle for discharging high-pressure water of, for example, about 0.3 atmospheres or more, which is provided opposite the through-holes 23 and 24, and the high-pressure water discharged from this nozzle 26 flows into the opening groove 21.24 of the bridge plate 18. It is discharged into the receiver housing 8 through the through hole 24 of the spacer 25, the through hole 23 of the belt 22, and the opening 7 of the receiver housing 8, hits the round rod 9 inside the receiver housing 8, and is dispersed. Water is drained to the outside by a water guide mechanism connected inside S. 27 is a motor for driving the holding member 28 of the nozzle 26 in the Y direction; one end of a belt 29 attached to the output shaft of this drive motor 27 is connected to one end of the holding member 28, and the other end of the belt 29 is connected to one end of the holding member 28; is attached to the other end of the holding member 28, and the holding member 28 (therefore, the nozzle 26) is movable in the Y direction by driving the motor 27. A synchronizing mechanism consisting of a string 30 is attached between the nozzle 26 (therefore, the holding member 28) and the belt 22, and the belt 22 runs in response to the movement of the nozzle 26 in the Y direction, and the tip of the nozzle 26 is always opposed to the through hole 23 provided in the belt 22. 31 is a cloth-like material placed on the timing belt 1; 32
is on this cloth-like object 31! ! It is a transparent film with low air permeability. 33 is a brake @side provided for the timing belt 1, and 34 is a brake for the housing housing the sprockets 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, suction box 16, 17, nozzle 26, etc.! [If, with the brake 01133 acting and the brake machine 134 released, the housing housing the nozzle 26 etc. is moved in the X direction while being held and guided by the guide member using a predetermined drive mechanism, this can be achieved. The concave portion 6 moves in the X direction in accordance with The cut cloth material 31 on the timing belt 1 is then delivered to the take-out region. When the cutting device is configured as described above, when the cloth-like 0ff31 with the film 32 placed on the surface is supplied from the entire spread area onto the timing bell l-1 in the cut@ area, the running of the timing belt 1 is stopped. and a predetermined 8I control mechanism is activated, that is, the operation of the motor 27 etc. is controlled,
The nozzle 26 is arranged so that the position of the nozzle 26 in the X direction and the position in the Y direction on the X-Y plane correspond to a predetermined cutting pattern.
The travel of the vehicle is controlled. High-pressure water is discharged from the nozzle 26 as the nozzle 26 runs, and the film 32 and cloth-like material 31 placed on the timing belt 1 are cut by this force. When cutting with this high-pressure water, the cloth-like material 31 and film 32 are suctioned from both sides in the X direction of the position where the high-pressure water is ejected, that is, through the through holes 14 and 15 at the suction box 16 and 17 positions. Opposite forces act on the cloth-like material 31 and film 32 near where the high-pressure water is ejected, and a large tension acts on the cloth-like material 31, increasing its rigidity, making it smooth with high-pressure water. This allows cutting to be done quickly, and there are no defects such as uncut parts. Incidentally, even though only the warp of the fabric 31 is pulled by the suction box 16.17, and the weft is not directly pulled by the suction box 16.17, although these warp and weft are tightly intertwined, the weft When high-pressure water hits the weft, the weft threads will not be stretched and uncut. In addition, the discharged high-pressure water spread like a trumpet, and as it spread, an abnormal amount of noise, for example, as much as 100 dB, was generated due to the energy released. In the example, the discharged high-pressure water is discharged into a closed space formed by the receiver housing 8 and the belt 22, and although it spreads within this closed space and releases energy, it is released to the outside. The leakage noise can be reduced to about 70 to 80 dB in the apparatus of the above embodiment, and the working environment can be improved. Further, although the nozzle 26 of the above embodiment is configured to be movable in the X direction and the Y direction, less space is required for the placing means for placing the cloth-like object. Note that configuring the nozzle to be movable in the X and Y directions does not require much ingenuity, but in correspondence with the nozzle that discharges high-pressure water, receiver means for receiving the high-pressure water discharged from this nozzle is provided. between this nozzle and the receiver means, for example,
If a wire mesh or the like is used as a holding means for a cloth-like object as described in Publication No. 566, high-pressure water will hit this wire mesh, causing not only damage to the wire mesh but also abnormalities when crossing the thin wires of the wire mesh. It is important to ensure that there is nothing between the nozzles that move in the X and Y directions and the receiver means that will be hit by the high-pressure water, other than a cloth-like object, as this will generate a large amount of noise. and in the above example, X
Sprocket movable in direction) 4a, 5a, 4b, 5
b, the timing belt 1 is attached thereto to form the concave portion 6 on the mounting surface 3, and the receiver means for receiving high-pressure water is disposed in this concave portion. The demand has now been fulfilled. In the above example, since the film is placed on top of the cloth-like object, it may be thought that placing this film has the same disadvantages as laying cardboard, but when cutting the cloth-like object, For example, since a film is usually placed on a cloth-like object in order to draw a cutting line, this film placement is not special and does not cause any new problems like laying cardboard.

【effect】

The cutting method according to the present invention is a method of cutting an object by shooting a high-speed fluid at the object, and when cutting the object by shooting the high-speed fluid, a force in a direction intersecting with the direction of the high-speed fluid shooting is applied to the object. However, since the object is cut while increasing its rigidity, a major drawback of conventional high-speed fluid cutting methods, such as uncut fibers for fabric-like objects, can be solved, and The solution to this fatal drawback is extremely simple, and has the advantage of being easy to put into practical use without causing an increase in cost or a decrease in workability. Further, since the cutting device according to the present invention includes a high-speed fluid ejecting means, an object holding means, and a tension applying means for applying tension to the object held by the object holding means, the cutting device has the above-mentioned features. The method can be implemented.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 5 show a device for carrying out the cutting method according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing the cutting device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 are 4 is a side view and a plan view of the vicinity of the receiver housing, and FIG. 4 is IV- in FIG. 3.
FIG. 5, an end view taken along line IV, is a schematic diagram showing the nozzle drive mechanism. 1...Timing belt, 2...Subroget, 3
... Placement surface, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b... Subroute, 6... Recessed portion, 7... Opening, 8... Receiver housing, 9... Round bar, 10. il... Aluminum plate, 12.13... Convex guide, 14.15... Through hole, 18.17... Suction box, 18... Bridge plate, 2
2...Bell I, 23.24...Through hole, 25 River spacer, 26...Nozzle, 27...Motor, 28...
...Holding member, 29...Belt, 30...Synchronization mechanism, 31...Cloth-like material, 32...Film, 33.34
...Brake mechanism.

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) A method of cutting an object by shooting a high-speed fluid at the object, in which a force in a direction intersecting with the direction of the high-speed fluid shooting is applied to the object at the time of cutting the object. A cutting method characterized by cutting with increased rigidity. (2) In the cutting method according to claim 1,
The direction that intersects with the direction of high-speed fluid ejection is almost perpendicular. (3) In the cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, the force in the direction intersecting with the high-speed fluid ejection direction is applied to at least two positions on both sides of the high-speed fluid ejection position supported by the support means. The tension created in an object by suctioning its sides with suction means. (4) In the cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, the force in the direction intersecting with the high-speed fluid ejection direction is applied to at least two locations on both sides of the high-speed fluid ejection position supported by the support means. tension created in an object by spraying fluid on its sides. (5) In the cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, the force in the direction intersecting with the high-speed fluid projecting direction is generated by pulling both ends of the object in opposite directions. tension. (6) In the cutting method according to claim 1,
The object is an air-permeable sheet-like object, and a film with low air-permeability is placed on top of this sheet-like object. (7) A cutting device comprising a high-speed fluid ejecting means, an object holding means, and a tension applying means for applying tension to the object held by the object holding means. (8) In the cutting device according to claim 7,
Equipped with a film with low air permeability that is placed on top of the object held by the object holding means.