JPH0367152B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method for producing a deep black polyester fiber fabric. Polyester fiber has many excellent properties and is now an indispensable material for clothing. However, in terms of color development, it has the disadvantage that the depth and clarity of the color is inferior to that of natural fibers and other synthetic fibers. For this reason, especially in the field of formal wear where black is required to have depth, it is said that the color is dull and looks whitish compared to wool, silk, or acetate, and there is a demand for deeper black for polyester fibers. is increasing. Traditionally, in order to produce deep black fabrics for formal wear fabrics made of polyester fibers,
Methods have been taken to improve the blackness by examining the structure of woven or knitted fabrics, using thick denier yarn, and changing the surface of the yarn or fabric by processing the yarn.・It has not reached the level of acetate. In addition, on the yarn side, sulfoisophthalate is added to improve the color development of cationically dyeable polyester fibers. Although this cationic dyeable polyester fiber has superior color development compared to ordinary polyester, it has the problem of a large decrease in strength during dyeing, and a large decrease in strength during weight reduction processing performed on twisted woven fabrics. . The present invention was made in view of the current situation, and the object thereof is to obtain a deep black polyester fiber fabric using cationically dyeable yarn without the problem of strength reduction during dyeing. In order to achieve this object, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, in the present invention, a fabric is constructed using cationic dyeable polyester fibers copolymerized with sulfoisophthalate in a range of 0.8 to 1.8 mol%, and then the fabric is dyed with an alkaline solution for 5 to 1.8 mol%.
After applying a 30% weight reduction process, dyeing is performed using a cationic black dye at a temperature of 125 to 130°C, and then a resin capable of forming a thin film with a refractive index of 1.50 or less is applied to the fabric. This is a method for producing a deep black polyester fiber fabric characterized by: The present invention will be explained in detail below. The present inventors have discovered that the conventional black dyed cloth made of cationically dyeable polyester fibers dyed with cationic dyes has more clarity and depth than the black dyed cloth made of ordinary polyester fibers dyed with disperse dyes. Focusing on this, we conducted extensive research in an effort to obtain a black color with the excellent clarity and depth of cationic dyes without causing the aforementioned decrease in strength. As a result, the present inventors found that it is possible to increase the strength of cationically dyeable polyester by reducing the amount of sulfoisophthalate, which is caused by a decrease in the strength of the polyester, by reducing it to a certain limited range and improving the dyeing conditions. It has been found that it suppresses the decrease and does not inhibit stainability.
The cationic dyeable polyester fiber used here is a cationic dyeable polyester fiber to which sulfoisophthalate has been added in the range of 0.8 to 1.8 mol%. The purpose is to raise the dyeing temperature by about 5 to 10°C higher than the fabric dyeing temperature of 120°C. They have surprisingly discovered that the dyeability of the fibers does not deteriorate even if the number of moles of sulfoisophthalate added is lower than before due to this increase in dyeing temperature. Next, we considered improving the dyeability by dyeing at a higher dyeing temperature, but there is a risk of causing a significant decrease in strength and losing the value of the product. Therefore, based on the results of numerous experiments, the present inventors determined that the dyeing temperature should be at most 130°C. The reason why the dyeability improves as the dyeing temperature increases is not clearly understood, but it is assumed to be as follows. Originally, the dyeing behavior of cationic dyes is that the dye molecules bind to the dyeing seats on the fibers, but when the temperature is raised as in the method of the present invention, even cationic dyes can be dyed as disperse dyes. It is presumed that the same behavior occurs and it becomes possible to be adsorbed into the interior of the fibers, so that even if the number of copolymerized moles of sulfoisophthalate is decreased, the dyeability does not decrease. The reason why the amount of sulfoisophthalate is limited to 0.8 to 1.8 mol% is that if the content is less than 0.8 mol%, even if the dyeing temperature is increased, the dyeing behavior as described above will not be as good and it will not be possible to obtain an excellent black color. Moreover, if it exceeds 1.8 mol %, a significant decrease in strength will occur during dyeing at a washing temperature of 125 to 130°C. Furthermore, within this range, weight loss processing, which is an essential condition for twisted yarn fabrics, can be easily controlled, and strength reduction is greatly improved compared to conventional cationically dyeable polyesters. The cationic dyeable polyester in the present invention is
Polyester consisting of terephthalic acid or its lower alkyl derivative (diester of alkanol having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) and ethylene glycol, polyester consisting of terephthalic acid or its lower alkyl derivative, ethylene glycol and at least one other component, bis-2 - a polyester consisting of polyethylene terephthalate obtained from hydroxyethyl terephthalate or its low polymer or bis-2-hydroxyethyl terephthalate and at least one other component;
Refers to a polyester copolymerized with the addition of a sulfoisophthalate represented by formula (1). (However, M represents an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.) In the method of the present invention, first, sulfoisophthalate copolymerization in which a sulfoisophthalic acid group is added in a range of 0.8 to 1.8 mol% is cationically dyed. A fabric is constructed using polyester fibers. To construct a fabric, the above-mentioned fibers may be woven or knitted as they are, or may be woven or knitted in the form of false twisted or twisted yarns. Next, in the method of the present invention, the fabric is treated with an alkaline solution to achieve an alkali weight loss of 5 to 30% by weight. This weight loss processing by alkaline solution treatment may be performed using any generally known processing method in which a woven or knitted fabric is treated with a heated aqueous solution of an alkali metal hydroxide. As the alkali metal hydroxide, it is recommended to use sodium hydroxide due to its cost and
It is most effective in terms of dissolution ability, and in this case, the concentration is preferably 1 to 40% by weight. The temperature of the alkaline solution is preferably 60 to 130°C. The purpose of this weight loss process is to make the fiber surface uneven, thereby reducing surface reflected light on the fiber surface, that is, white light, which is light that is not involved in coloring.This reduces the visual density of the dyed fabric. It is something that I am trying to raise. The weight loss rate due to alkaline solution is 5% by weight
If it is less than 30% by weight, the fiber surface will be too uneven and white light cannot be reduced, and the visual density will not be much different compared to unreduced fabric.If it exceeds 30% by weight, the fiber will become thinner and the fiber surface area will increase. On the contrary, the amount of white light increases, and the visual density actually decreases. Therefore, the weight loss rate is preferably 5 to 30% by weight. This weight-reduced fabric is dyed with a black cationic dye at a temperature of 125 to 130°C. The concentration of the dye used may be 5 to 12% owf, and the dyeing time may be in the range of 30 to 90 minutes. After this, reduction cleaning is performed at 60-80℃.
Do this for 10 to 30 minutes to obtain a black cloth. Next, a resin having a refractive index of 1.50 or less and capable of forming a thin film is applied to the fabric by a conventional resin processing method. By doing this, the hue of the fabric can be deepened, but the reason for the deepening of the hue is that the reflected light on the fiber surface decreases, giving a sense of depth. This is something we experience on a daily basis, and low refractive index resins produce the same phenomenon as when colored bodies get wet with water, giving them a sense of clarity and depth of color. Examples of the low refractive index resin in the present invention include fluororesins such as polytrifluoroethyl methacrylate and polytrifluoroisopropyl methacrylate, and silicone resins such as polydimethylsiloxane and polymethylhydrosiloxane. The present invention has the above configuration, and according to the present invention, an excellent deep black polyester fiber fabric can be obtained. EXAMPLES The present invention will be explained below with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Example 1 Cationically dyeable polyester fiber 100 copolymerized with 1.5 mol% of sulfoisophthalate added
Make a drawn yarn of denier/24 filament,
As a 2000T/M strong twist yarn, weaving density is 81 vertically/inches,
74 horizontal pieces/inch of plain fabric were woven. Next, after descaling this fabric in hot water at 98-100℃,
Heat fixation was performed by dry heat setting at 170°C for 1 minute. Thereafter, it was subjected to an alkali treatment with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 40 g/distance at 98 to 100° C. for 80 minutes to achieve a weight loss rate of 23%, followed by washing with water and drying. Then, 7% black cationic dye Estrol Black N-SL (product of Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.) was used.
High temperature staining was performed at 130°C for 60 minutes at a concentration of owf. Furthermore, reduction washing was performed at 80°C for 20 minutes. After drying the obtained black fabric, Asahi Guard
It was impregnated with a 2.0% solution of AG740 (fluorocarbon resin emulsion, manufactured by Meisei Chemical Co., Ltd.) at a squeezing rate of 100%, dried at 110°C, and then cured at 170°C for 30 seconds. The resulting fabric had a very deep black color. Regarding the black fabric obtained here, manufactured by Macbeth Co.
The reflectance was measured using an MS-2020 spectrophotometer, and the reflectance was converted to obtain the L value, which is a density index in the CIELab color system, and the results are shown in Table 1. Note that the smaller the L value, the deeper the black. For comparison with the method of the present invention, weaving, scouring, and
After heat setting, weight loss processing was performed at the same weight loss rate. This fabric was dyed with 15% o.
High-temperature staining was performed at 130°C for 60 minutes at a dye concentration of wf, and reduction washing was further performed at 80°C for 20 minutes.
After drying the obtained black fabric, it was processed under the same resin processing conditions as in this example. Thereafter, the reflectance was measured in the same manner, and the L value was calculated from this, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[Table] From Table 1, it is clear that the product of the present invention exhibits a deep black color. Example 2 A drawn yarn of 75 denier/48 filament cationic dyeable polyester fiber copolymerized with 1.2 mol% of sulfoisophthalate was prepared.
As a 2500T/M strong twist yarn, weaving density is 103 vertically/inches,
Weaved 80 horizontal pieces of fabric (shifuonjiyosetto). Next, this fabric was embossed using a washer, followed by scouring, drying, and dry heat setting at 170° C. for 1 minute. Next, an alkaline weight loss treatment was performed using an alkaline solution under the same conditions as in Example 1 for a treatment time of 90 minutes to obtain a fabric with a weight loss rate of 27%. This is cationic dye diacrylic black GTL-PF for black.
(Mitsubishi Kasei product) at a concentration of 8% owf.
High temperature staining was performed at ℃ for 60 minutes. Furthermore, reduction washing was performed at 80°C for 20 minutes. After drying the obtained black fabric, it was squeezed to 80% with a 2.0% solution of Poron MR (product of Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., silicone resin emulsion).
After impregnating with
I was curious for a second. This resin-treated cloth had a very deep black color. When the L value was determined in the same manner as in Example 1, the L value was 11.3, which was a deep black color. For comparison with the method of the present invention, ordinary cationically dyeable polyester fibers, i.e., fibers copolymerized with 2.5 mol% of sulfoisophthalic acid, were woven under the same conditions as in this example, embossed with a washer, Scouring and heat setting were performed. After this, a weight loss process is performed, but if the alkali weight loss process is performed under the same weight loss conditions as in this example, the weight loss will proceed rapidly.
Using a solution with an alkaline concentration of 10g/temperature 98-100
A fabric with a weight loss rate of 21% was obtained by processing at ℃ for 90 minutes. However, this fabric suffered from a significant decrease in strength and lost its value as a product, so it was decided that it would not be useful to produce a black fabric of the same quality by dyeing, so dyeing was abandoned. This example also shows that the method of the present invention is a useful manufacturing method that suppresses the decrease in strength and provides excellent clarity and deep black from cationic dyes.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 A fabric is constructed using cationic dyeable polyester fibers copolymerized with sulfoisophthalate in a range of 0.8 to 1.8 mol%, and then the fabric is subjected to a weight loss treatment of 5 to 30% by weight with an alkaline solution. After that, the fabric is dyed with a cationic black dye at a temperature of 125 to 130°C, and then a resin with a refractive index of 1.50 or less and capable of forming a thin film is applied to the fabric. A method for producing black polyester fiber fabric.