JPH0372393B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0372393B2
JPH0372393B2 JP59223172A JP22317284A JPH0372393B2 JP H0372393 B2 JPH0372393 B2 JP H0372393B2 JP 59223172 A JP59223172 A JP 59223172A JP 22317284 A JP22317284 A JP 22317284A JP H0372393 B2 JPH0372393 B2 JP H0372393B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
metal
supplied
laser
aluminum surface
aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
JP59223172A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS61104063A (en
Inventor
Nobuo Yasunaga
Akira Obara
Noboru Tarumi
Yukie Mineta
Masayuki Ikeda
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology AIST
Original Assignee
Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agency of Industrial Science and Technology filed Critical Agency of Industrial Science and Technology
Priority to JP59223172A priority Critical patent/JPS61104063A/en
Publication of JPS61104063A publication Critical patent/JPS61104063A/en
Publication of JPH0372393B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0372393B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/28—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 950°C
    • B23K35/286—Al as the principal constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/24—Nitriding

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、レーザ光を照射してアルミニウム
表面を非金属無機化合物化する方法に関するもの
である。 一般に、金属材料は非金属無機材料（セラミツ
クス）に比べて硬度が低く、耐熱性、耐酸化性、
耐蝕性にも劣るものが多い。このような金属表面
の必要とする部分をセラミツクス化することがで
きれば、この金属表面の耐摩耗性、耐熱性、耐酸
化性、耐蝕性、電気絶縁性などを向上させること
ができる。 〔従来の技術〕 アルミニウム表面をセラミツクス化する方法と
しては、従来、CVCやPVD法（イオンスパツタ、
イオンプレーテイング、レーザ蒸着、溶射法な
ど）によるコーテイング法が実用化されている。 〔発明が解決しようとする問題点〕 これらの方法には、 (1) 処理温度が高く、しかも被処理金属が全体的
に加熱されること。 (2) 処理時間が長いこと。 (3) コーテイング膜の密着性が必ずしも十分でな
いこと。 などの技術的な問題が残されており、特にアルミ
ニウムのような低融点、高熱膨張率の金属に対し
てはこれらの手法の適用は困難である。 この発明は、これらの問題点を解決するために
なされたもので、アルミニウムの表面にこの金属
と異種の金属を供給し、これらの供給金属と反応
して非金属無機化合物（酸化物、窒化物、炭化物
など）を生成し得るガス雰囲気中でレーザ走査を
行うことにより、アルミニウム表面の必要な部分
をセラミツクス化し、高強度、耐熱性、耐酸化
性、耐蝕性などを付与する金属表面処理法を提供
することを目的とするものである。以下この発明
について説明する。 〔問題点を解決するための手段〕 この発明にかかる第１の発明は、アルミニウム
表面に該金属と異種の金属を供給してレーザ走査
を行う際に、供給金属と反応して非金属無機化合
物を生成し得る気体を同時に供給するものであ
る。 また、第２の発明は、アルミニウム表面に該金
属と異なる金属を供給してレーザ走査を行う際
に、供給金属に対して不活性な気体を供給してレ
ーザ走査を行い、次に、供給金属と反応して非金
属無機化合物を生成し得る気体を供給しながら同
一個所に再びレーザ走査を行うものである。 〔作用〕 第１の発明においては、アルミニウム表面にこ
の金属と異種の金属を供給し、レーザ光で走査す
る際に、レーザ光の走査領域近傍に酸素ガス、窒
素ガス、含炭素ガスなど供給金属と反応して酸化
物、窒化物、炭化物を生じ得るガスを同時に供給
することによりアルミニウム表面をセラミツクス
化する。 また、第２の発明においては、供給金属をまず
不活性ガス雰囲気中でレーザ光走査することでア
ルミニウム表面で合金化させ、次に第１の発明と
同様の手順によりアルミニウム表面がセラミツク
ス化される。 〔実施例〕 次に、この発明のレーザ表面処理法による具体
的な実施例について説明する。 実施例 １ 純アルミニウム表面にチタン粉末を塗布し、焦
点距離125mmのレンズで集光し、焦点はずし量10
mm、走査速度2.0m／minで流量50／minのN2ガ
スを吹き付けながら2.0KWのCO2レーザ光を照射
した結果、この純アルミニウム表面にTiN層が
形成され、このときの表面硬度はHv＝700Kg／mm2
であつた。 実施例 ２ 純アルミニウム表面にクロム粉末を塗布し、焦
点はずし量20mmで、50／minのO2ガスを吹き付
け、他の条件は実施例１の場合と同様とし、CO2
レーザ光を照射した結果、この純アルミニウム表
面にCr2O3層が形成され、このときの表面硬度は
Hv＝2300Kg／mm2であつた。 実施例 ３ 純アルミニウム表面にクロム粉末を塗布し、走
査速度0.5m／minで50／minのN2ガスを吹き付
け、他の条件は実施例１の場合と同様としCO2レ
ーザ光を照射し、次に同じ照射部に実施例２の場
合と同様の条件で再びレーザ光を照射した結果、
Al2O3層がこの純アルミニウム表面に形成され、
このときの表面強度はHv＝500Kg／mm2であつた。 第１表は、このような表面セラミツクス化処理
を施した試料を鋳鉄円板に押し付け、荷重1.0Kg、
摩擦速度106m／minで摩擦させたときの摩耗量
を示したものである。この第１表には、同じ摩擦
条件で行つた純アルミニウム（Hv＝30Kg／mm2）、
S45C（Hv＝160Kg／mm2）、レーザ焼入れしたS45C
（Hv＝900Kg／mm2）、およびモリブデン（Hv＝230
Kg／mm2）の摩耗量も併記してある。この第１表か
ら明らかなように、この発明のレーザ表面処理を
施したアルミニ [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a method of converting an aluminum surface into a nonmetallic inorganic compound by irradiating it with laser light. In general, metal materials have lower hardness than non-metal inorganic materials (ceramics), and have higher heat resistance, oxidation resistance,
Many also have poor corrosion resistance. If necessary parts of such a metal surface can be made of ceramic, the wear resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical insulation, etc. of this metal surface can be improved. [Conventional technology] Conventional methods for converting aluminum surfaces into ceramics include CVC and PVD methods (ion sputtering,
Coating methods such as ion plating, laser vapor deposition, and thermal spraying have been put into practical use. [Problems to be solved by the invention] These methods include: (1) The treatment temperature is high and the metal to be treated is heated entirely. (2) Long processing time. (3) The adhesion of the coating film is not necessarily sufficient. Technical problems such as these remain, and it is difficult to apply these methods particularly to metals such as aluminum, which have a low melting point and a high coefficient of thermal expansion. This invention was made to solve these problems, and it involves supplying metals different from this metal to the surface of aluminum, and reacting with these supplied metals to form nonmetallic inorganic compounds (oxides, nitrides, etc.). By performing laser scanning in a gas atmosphere that can generate carbon dioxide, carbides, etc., the necessary parts of the aluminum surface are turned into ceramics, and a metal surface treatment method that imparts high strength, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. The purpose is to provide This invention will be explained below. [Means for solving the problem] The first invention according to the present invention is that when a metal different from the metal is supplied to the aluminum surface and laser scanning is performed, a non-metallic inorganic compound reacts with the supplied metal. At the same time, it supplies gas that can generate . Further, in the second invention, when performing laser scanning by supplying a metal different from the metal to the aluminum surface, the laser scanning is performed by supplying an inert gas to the supplied metal, and then the supplied metal is The laser scan is performed again on the same location while supplying a gas that can react with the metal to produce a nonmetallic inorganic compound. [Operation] In the first invention, when a metal different from this metal is supplied to the aluminum surface and scanned with a laser beam, the supplied metal such as oxygen gas, nitrogen gas, carbon-containing gas, etc. is present near the scanning area of the laser beam. The aluminum surface is turned into a ceramic by simultaneously supplying a gas that can react with the aluminum to produce oxides, nitrides, and carbides. Further, in the second invention, the supplied metal is first alloyed on the aluminum surface by scanning with a laser beam in an inert gas atmosphere, and then the aluminum surface is made into a ceramic by the same procedure as the first invention. . [Example] Next, a specific example using the laser surface treatment method of the present invention will be described. Example 1 Titanium powder was applied to the surface of pure aluminum, and the light was focused with a lens with a focal length of 125 mm, with a defocus amount of 10
As a result of irradiating 2.0 KW CO 2 laser light while spraying N 2 gas at a scanning speed of 2.0 m/min and a flow rate of 50/min, a TiN layer is formed on the pure aluminum surface, and the surface hardness is Hv. =700Kg/ mm2
It was hot. Example 2 Chromium powder was applied to the surface of pure aluminum, and O 2 gas was blown at 50/min with a defocus amount of 20 mm, other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and CO 2
As a result of laser beam irradiation, a Cr 2 O 3 layer is formed on this pure aluminum surface, and the surface hardness at this time is
Hv=2300Kg/ mm2 . Example 3 Chromium powder was applied to the pure aluminum surface, N 2 gas was sprayed at 50/min at a scanning speed of 0.5 m/min, other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and CO 2 laser light was irradiated. Next, as a result of irradiating the same irradiation area with laser light again under the same conditions as in Example 2,
3 layers of Al 2 O are formed on this pure aluminum surface,
The surface strength at this time was Hv=500Kg/mm 2 . Table 1 shows that a sample with such surface ceramic treatment was pressed against a cast iron disk, and a load of 1.0 kg was applied.
This shows the amount of wear when friction is applied at a friction speed of 106 m/min. Table 1 shows pure aluminum (Hv=30Kg/mm 2 ) tested under the same friction conditions;
S45C (Hv=160Kg/mm 2 ), laser hardened S45C
(Hv=900Kg/mm 2 ), and molybdenum (Hv=230
The wear amount in kg/mm 2 ) is also listed. As is clear from Table 1, the aluminum surface treated with the laser of this invention

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように、この発明にかかる第１の
発明は、アルミニウム表面のセラミツクス化を、
異種の金属をアルミニウム表面に供給し、この供
給金属と前記アルミニウムが反応して非金属無機
化合物を生成し得るガス雰囲気中でレーザ走査す
るようにしたので、この発明によりアルミニウム
表面に高硬度のセラミツク層を形成させることが
できる。 すなわち、軽量ではあるが軟質、かつ低融点の
アルミニウムに、耐摩耗性、高機械的強度、耐熱
性耐酸化性、耐蝕性など、セラミツクス材料の特
性を付与することができるという効果がある。 また、この発明にかかる第２の発明は、第１の
発明を実施例する前に供給金属に対する不活性気
体を供給してレーザ走査を行い合金化するのでよ
り強度にセラミツクス化することができる。 従つて、この発明のレーザ表面処理法によれば
アルミニウムとは異種の金属を供給してセラミツ
クス化するので、使用目的に最も適したセラミツ
クス層を選択して形成することにより耐薬品性、
硬度、耐候性、耐摩耗性、所要摩擦係数等を満足
させることができ、今後の広い利用が期待される
ものである。 As explained above, the first invention according to the present invention is to convert the aluminum surface into ceramic.
A different type of metal is supplied to the aluminum surface, and laser scanning is performed in a gas atmosphere where the supplied metal and the aluminum react to form a non-metallic inorganic compound. layers can be formed. That is, it has the effect of imparting the properties of ceramic materials, such as wear resistance, high mechanical strength, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, to aluminum, which is lightweight but soft and has a low melting point. Furthermore, in the second aspect of the present invention, before carrying out the first embodiment, an inert gas is supplied to the supplied metal and the metal is alloyed by laser scanning, so that it is possible to form a stronger ceramic. Therefore, according to the laser surface treatment method of the present invention, a metal different from aluminum is supplied to produce ceramics, and by selecting and forming the ceramic layer most suitable for the purpose of use, chemical resistance,
It can satisfy hardness, weather resistance, abrasion resistance, required friction coefficient, etc., and is expected to be widely used in the future.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 １ アルミニウム表面にレーザ光を照射してセラ
ミツク加工する方法であつて、前記アルミニウム
表面に該金属と異種の金属を供給してレーザ走査
を行う際に、前記供給金属と反応して非金属無機
化合物を生成し得る気体を前記レーザ光の走査領
域近傍に同時に供給することを特徴とするレーザ
表面処理法。 ２ アルミニウム表面にレーザ光を照射してセラ
ミツク加工する方法であつて、前記アルミニウム
表面に該金属と異種の金属を供給してレーザ走査
を行う際に、前記供給金属に対して不活性な気体
を供給してレーザ走査を行い、次に、前記供給金
属と反応して非金属無機化合物を生成し得る気体
を前記レーザ光の走査領域近傍に供給しながら同
一個所に再びレーザ走査を行うことを特徴とする
レーザ表面処理法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A method of ceramic processing by irradiating a laser beam onto an aluminum surface, wherein when a metal different from the metal is supplied to the aluminum surface and laser scanning is performed, the aluminum surface reacts with the supplied metal. A laser surface treatment method characterized in that a gas capable of producing a nonmetallic inorganic compound is simultaneously supplied near the scanning area of the laser beam. 2 A method of ceramic processing by irradiating a laser beam onto an aluminum surface, in which when a metal different from the metal is supplied to the aluminum surface and laser scanning is performed, an inert gas is supplied to the supplied metal. It is characterized by supplying the metal and performing laser scanning, and then performing laser scanning again on the same location while supplying a gas that can react with the supplied metal to produce a non-metallic inorganic compound near the scanning area of the laser beam. Laser surface treatment method.
JP59223172A 1984-10-24 1984-10-24 Surface treatment by laser Granted JPS61104063A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59223172A JPS61104063A (en) 1984-10-24 1984-10-24 Surface treatment by laser

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59223172A JPS61104063A (en) 1984-10-24 1984-10-24 Surface treatment by laser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS61104063A JPS61104063A (en) 1986-05-22
JPH0372393B2 true JPH0372393B2 (en) 1991-11-18

Family

ID=16793927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP59223172A Granted JPS61104063A (en) 1984-10-24 1984-10-24 Surface treatment by laser

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS61104063A (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AU6109586A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-02-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Alloy layer on al-alloy substrate using co2 laser
JP2788246B2 (en) * 1988-03-25 1998-08-20 株式会社東芝 Material surface treatment method and its surface treatment device
JPH01316468A (en) * 1988-06-16 1989-12-21 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd Heat-shielding coating method
DE10104611A1 (en) * 2001-02-02 2002-08-14 Bosch Gmbh Robert Device for the ceramic-like coating of a substrate
DE102006046503A1 (en) * 2006-08-18 2008-02-21 Mg-Micro Galva Gmbh Laser oxidation of magnesium, titanium or aluminum materials
EA201400883A1 (en) * 2012-02-09 2015-01-30 Коммонвелт Сайентифик Энд Индастриал Рисерч Органайзейшн SURFACE
JP2021161436A (en) * 2020-03-30 2021-10-11 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Oxidation film formation method
DE102021205647A1 (en) * 2021-06-02 2022-12-08 Aktiebolaget Skf Method of manufacturing a guide roller

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS589151B2 (en) * 1980-02-13 1983-02-19 ペルメレック電極株式会社 Method of forming a corrosion-resistant coating on a metal substrate
JPS57198259A (en) * 1981-05-28 1982-12-04 Toshiba Corp Surface treatment of titanium or titanium alloy

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS61104063A (en) 1986-05-22

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