JPH0380699B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to a fish transfer device that sucks fish into a closed tank together with a liquid and sends out the sucked fish together with the liquid. This invention relates to improvements to fish transport equipment.

[Conventional technology]

The present inventor has developed a fish transfer device that evacuates the air in a closed tank using a water ring type vacuum pump and sucks in fish water for transfer (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 173537/1983). This fish transfer device, as shown in Figure 1,
A vacuum pump 3 and a compression pump 4 are connected to the closed tanks A and B via a four-way switching valve 1. This device also uses a vacuum pump 3 to exhaust air from the upper part of the closed tanks A and B to reduce the pressure and remove the air from the fish tank 2.
Inhale the fish water into sealed tanks A and B, and then
The four-way switching valve 1 is switched, and pressurized air is injected into the closed tanks A and B from which suction has been completed using the compression pump 4, and the fish water is discharged. In this type of device, water ring type vacuum pumps are used as the vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4.
This is because a water ring type vacuum pump can be used without problems even if it sucks air mixed with water.
In addition, this vacuum pump has a vacuum level of 600m/mHg.
Furthermore, if this is used in a compression pump, the maximum discharge pressure can be increased to about 1.5 kg/cm, allowing efficient transfer of fish water. The water ring type vacuum pump 3 and compression pump 4 need to be supplied with makeup water. For make-up water, a make-up water pump 5 is provided, which uses seawater from the quay and is also used to supply water to the fish tank 2. A water supply valve 6 is supplied to the vacuum pump 3, and a water supply valve 7 is supplied to the compression pump. The pressure and water supply amount are adjusted at .

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the seawater on the quay has recently become particularly polluted and contains gases that corrode metals, which corrode the casings and impellers of water ring vacuum pumps, shortening their durability. Therefore, some systems are configured to use tap water as much as possible to supply clean water to vacuum pumps and compression pumps, but the tap water used during operation is several tons or more every few hours. Running costs rose to over ten tons. In order to solve this drawback, the present inventor has developed a device that circulates and uses make-up water for a water ring vacuum pump. This device connects an air-water separation tank to the discharge side of a vacuum pump, separates make-up water from air in the air-water separation tank, and supplies the separated make-up water to the vacuum pump again. This device has the advantage of reducing running costs because it circulates make-up water. However, this device cannot eliminate the drawback that the efficiency of the vacuum pump decreases significantly as it is used. The reason is that the temperature of the make-up water gradually increases when it is recirculated and used many times. The make-up water, whose temperature has increased, boils into water vapor under reduced pressure inside the vacuum pump, and the water vapor prevents a high vacuum from being created, significantly reducing the efficiency of the vacuum pump. As the suction lift of the fish transfer device increases,
It is necessary to reduce the pressure of the closed tank to a high vacuum. Therefore, as the suction process becomes higher, the increase in the temperature of the make-up water has the disadvantage of reducing the suction efficiency. The present invention was developed with the aim of further eliminating this drawback, and an important objective of the present invention is to prevent the temperature rise of the make-up water even though the make-up water of the vacuum pump is circulated and used. To provide a fish transfer device that can efficiently use a vacuum pump with limited use. Another important object of this invention is that although fresh water can be used as make-up water for vacuum pumps,
To provide a fish transfer device that is economical with low running cost, can prevent corrosion caused by makeup water of a vacuum pump, has improved durability, and can be safely used in locations with poor environments.

[Means to solve the problem]

The fish transport device of the present invention has the following configuration in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. The fish transfer device includes a sealed tank having a required volume, a water ring type vacuum pump that discharges air from the sealed tank, and a valve that is connected to the suction side of the sealed tank and opens only during the suction process. It includes a suction valve and a discharge valve that is connected to the discharge side of the closed tank and opens only during the discharge process. The vacuum pump is configured to exhaust the air in the closed tank and suck the fish-mixed liquid into the closed tank, and then replenish the closed tank with air and discharge and transfer the sucked fish water. Furthermore, a steam/water separation tank for make-up water is connected to the discharge side of the water ring type vacuum pump. A heat exchanger for cooling the make-up water is connected to the make-up water passageway stored in the air-water separation tank. A heat exchanger is arranged in the fish transfer circuit or return water circuit for cooling the make-up water with fish transfer water that is cooled with crushed ice. The heat exchanger cools make-up water supplied to the vacuum pump with fish transfer water, and supplies the water to the water ring type vacuum pump.

【Example】

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. The fish transfer device shown in Fig. 2 consists of two sealed tanks A and B, a water ring type vacuum pump 3 that exhausts air from the sealed tanks A and B, and a water ring type vacuum pump 3 that pumps air into the sealed tanks A and B. A compression pump 4 is a water-ring type vacuum pump, a suction valve 8 and a discharge valve 9 are connected to the suction side and the discharge side of the closed tanks A and B, and an air valve is connected to the discharge side of the compression pump 4. Water separation tank 10
, a make-up water tank 11 connected to the discharge side of the vacuum pump 3, and a heat exchanger 23 that cools the make-up water.
A make-up water pump 5 that supplies water from a make-up water tank 11 to a vacuum pump 3 and a compression pump 4 is provided. The closed tanks A and B have a capacity that can temporarily store a required amount of fish water, and have a fish water intake port 12 and a discharge port 13 at the bottom, and an air port 14 at the top. The suction valve 8 is opened only during the suction process, and the discharge valve 9 is a swing type check valve that is opened only during the discharge process. The suction side of the vacuum pump 3 and the discharge side of the compression pump 4 are communicated with air ports 14 of the closed tanks A and B via the four-way switching valve 1. The four-way switching valve 1 has two opposing ports communicating with the vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4, and the remaining two opposing ports communicating with the air ports 14 of the closed tanks A and B.
is communicated with. When the four-way switching valve 1 is in the solid line position in Fig. 2, the sealed tank A is in the suction process and the sealed tank B is in the discharge process, and when it is switched to the chain line position, the closed tank A is in the discharge process and the sealed tank B is in the discharge process. This is the inhalation process. The vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4 are water-ring type vacuum pumps to which make-up water is supplied to the suction side during operation. The air-water separation tank 10 is a sealed airtight tank, and has an inlet 15 at the top through which air is sent in the connection direction, and a cylinder 16 with an open bottom end fixed vertically at the center of the top. An air exhaust port 17 is opened. In the steam/water separation tank 10 having this shape, water-containing air is introduced in the connection direction, and the water is separated while rotating, the water falls downward, and the air is exhausted from the central exhaust port 17. The steam/water separation tank 10 having this shape is characterized in that it can efficiently separate steam and water in the same way that a cyclone separates powder and granules in the air. Accumulated water is drained from the steam/water separation tank 10 via a ball tap 18 so that a certain amount of water is always stored. In the ball tap 18, the lower end of the suction pipe 19 is extended to the bottom of the air-water separation tank 10, and the float 20 moves up and down depending on the water level, opens when the water level is above a certain level to drain water, and closes when the water level is below a certain level. to stop draining. The exhaust port 17 of the steam/water separation tank 10 is connected to a four-way switching valve, and the air inlet 15 is connected to the discharge side of the compression pump 4. The ball tap communication pipe 21 is extended to the outside of the steam/water separation tank 10 and connected to the make-up water tank 11 which is open at the top. The make-up water tank 11 is connected to a water source via a water supply ball tap 22 that maintains the water level within a certain range, and its bottom is connected to the suction side of the make-up water pump 5. Further, the discharge side of the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the make-up water tank 11, and water contained in the air discharged from the vacuum pump is separated and recovered. The water supply ball tap 22 of the makeup water tank 11 is
The valve opens when the water surface level is below a certain value, and closes when the water level is above a certain value. As shown in FIG. 2, a steam/water separation tank 10 with a ball tap for drainage is provided on the discharge side of the compression pump 4.
If the discharge side of the vacuum pump 3 is connected to the make-up water tank 11 which is open to the atmosphere, the discharge side of the vacuum pump 3 will be at atmospheric pressure and the effectiveness of the vacuum pump will be high. Since water can be supplied to the make-up water tank 11 which is not pressurized, it can be replenished more easily than when tap water is supplied to the steam-water separation tank 10 which is in a pressurized state. The make-up water pump 5 is communicated with the steam-water separation tank via the make-up water tank 11, sucks in water separated from steam, and supplies it to the vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4. The discharge side of the make-up water pump 5 is connected to the make-up water ports 24 of the vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4 via a heat exchanger 23 . The heat exchanger 23 is connected to the suction pipes 2 of the closed tanks A and B.
5, that is, the make-up water is cooled by the fish transfer water that is connected to the fish transfer circuit and sucked into the closed tanks A and B, and is supplied to the vacuum pump 3 and the compression pump 4. The fish transfer device shown in FIG. 2 collects the waste water discharged from the exhaust circuit of the vacuum pump 3 in the make-up water tank 11, and separates the exhaust gas discharged from the compression pump 4 into steam and water in the steam separation tank 0. The separated wastewater is collected in a make-up water tank 11, and the make-up water tank 11 is circulated and used as make-up water for the vacuum pump 3 and compression pump 4 by the make-up water pump 5. The water passing through the water ring vacuum pump increases in water temperature and reduces its efficiency, so it is cooled by heat exchange in a fish transfer circuit that is forcibly cooled with water ice or the like. FIG. 3 shows a fish transfer device that includes one closed tank A and uses a water ring type vacuum pump 26 as both a vacuum pump and a compression pump. The water ring type vacuum pump 26 is connected to the four-way switching valve 1 on the suction side and to the air inlet 15 of the steam/water separation tank 10 on the discharge side. Two opposing ports of the four-way switching valve 1 communicate with the suction side of the vacuum pump 26 and the exhaust port 17 of the air-water separation tank 10, and the remaining port communicates with the airtight tank A.
The other port is open to the atmosphere. The communication pipe 21 of the air-water separation tank 10 is connected to a make-up water tank 11 , and the bottom of the make-up water tank 11 is connected to the suction side of the make-up water pump 5 . The discharge side of the make-up water pump 5 is sent to the make-up water port 24 of the vacuum pump through a heat exchanger 23 disposed in the closed tank A. The heat exchanger 23 in the closed tank A is cooled in the closed tank A, which is a passage for cooled water ice, to cool the make-up water, and sends this to the vacuum pump 26 . By the way, the heat exchanger can be installed in a water ice passage, that is, in a fish transfer circuit such as a fish water intake pipe, a closed tank, or a discharge pipe, or in a water return circuit such as a drain separator or water return pipe. . In the fish transfer device shown in FIG. 3, the four-way switching valve 1 sucks fish water into the closed tank A at the solid line position in FIG.
The four-way switching valve 1 is switched to the position indicated by the chain line in FIG. 3, and the fish water sucked in is pumped. Water ring type vacuum pump 26
The air on the discharge side is separated into steam and water, and the separated water is returned from the steam and water separation tank 10 to the vacuum pump 26 through the makeup water tank 11 and makeup water pump 5. In the fish transfer device shown in FIG. 4, the supplementary water tank is omitted. In this transfer device, the discharge side of the vacuum pump 26 is connected to a sealed steam/water separation tank 10, and the exhaust port 17 of the steam/water separation tank 10 is connected to the air port 14 of the closed tank A via the four-way switching valve 1. or exposed to the atmosphere. The steam/water separation tank 10 is equipped with a level gauge 27 so that the level of stored make-up water can be seen from the outside, and a water supply port 29 is opened at the top via an on-off valve 28. The make-up water level is monitored with a level gauge 27, and when the make-up water level drops below a certain value, the on-off valve 28 is opened to supply make-up water. The suction side of the make-up water pump 5 is connected to the bottom of the steam-water separation tank 10, and the make-up water pump 5 supplies make-up water to the vacuum pump 26 through the heat exchanger 23. The fish transport apparatus shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 pressurizes pressurized air into closed tanks A and B to forcefully transport fish water. However, it is not necessarily necessary to pressurize air into the sealed tanks A and B, and the air ports 14 of the sealed tanks A and B can simply be opened to the atmosphere, allowing the fish water in the sealed tanks A and B to be fed by gravity. can be discharged. In this case, an air compressor for pressurizing air into the closed tanks A and B is not required. Furthermore, if the make-up water pump 5 supplies make-up water to the vacuum pump, it can supply make-up water with high water supply pressure to the vacuum pumps 3 and 26. In particular, as shown in FIG. 4, in a device in which the air-tight separation tank 10 is connected to the suction side of the make-up water pump 5, when the vacuum pump 26 is used as a compressor, the air-water separation tank 10 is maintained above atmospheric pressure, and the high-pressure make-up water in the air-water separation tank 10 is sent to the make-up water pump 5, which sends the make-up water at a higher pressure to the suction side of the vacuum pump 26. When the vacuum pump 26 is used as a compressor, the make-up water pressure must be somewhat high;
In this state, high-pressure make-up water is supplied and make-up water is efficiently supplied.

【Effect of the invention】

The fish transfer device of the present invention has the advantage that the vacuum pump can be operated efficiently even though the make-up water for the vacuum pump is circulated and reused many times. The reason for this is that the makeup water for the vacuum pump is forcibly cooled with the fish transfer water. The fish transport water used to transport the fish is cooled with crushed ice to keep the fish highly fresh. In particular, fish transfer devices that inhale and discharge fish water into a sealed tank are frequently used to transfer fish from fish tanks because they can inhale fish water with a high fish density and reduce damage to fish. For this reason, the fish water transferred with this device is mostly cooled with crushed ice. This invention effectively utilizes fish transfer water that has been forcibly cooled with crushed ice to cool make-up water, thereby preventing a decrease in the efficiency of the vacuum pump. Therefore, the fish transfer device of the present invention does not require a refrigerator or the like, but uses a heat exchanger that cools the make-up water with the fish transfer water, cools the make-up water to a low temperature, and pumps the vacuum pump. It has the advantage of being able to be used efficiently. Therefore, it is possible to realize the feature of efficiently transferring fish water by using it in a high suction process. Particularly preferably, the fish transfer water is at a temperature of 0°C to 5°C to maintain the freshness of the fish.
Since the vacuum pump is cooled to a very low temperature, the device of this invention, which effectively utilizes this as a cooling source, has the advantage of lowering the temperature of the make-up water used for circulation and efficiently preventing efficiency loss due to temperature rises in the vacuum pump. do. In addition, the fish transfer device of the present invention does not use seawater as make-up water and drain it after use as in conventional water-ring type vacuum pumps, but separates the water taken in as make-up water and pumps the vacuum pump. It is circulated and used over and over again. For this reason, fresh water can be used as make-up water for the vacuum pump, greatly reducing corrosion of the vacuum pump and improving its durability.Furthermore, the consumption of make-up water can be extremely reduced, reducing running costs, even in harsh environments. Achieves high efficiency that can be used with peace of mind.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional fish transfer device;
4 through 4 are schematic cross-sectional views of a fish transfer device showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1... Four-way switching valve, 2... Fish tank, 3... Vacuum pump, 4... Compression pump, 5... Make-up water pump,
6, 7...Water supply valve, 8...Suction valve, 9...Discharge valve, 10...Air-water separation tank, 11...Make-up water tank, 12...Intake port, 13...Discharge port, 14...
...Air port, 15...Inflow port, 16...Cylinder, 17
...Exhaust port, 18...Ball tap, 19...Water suction pipe, 20...Float, 21...Communication pipe, 22
...Water supply ball tap, 23 ...Heat exchanger, 24
... Replenishment water port, 25 ... Suction pipe, 26 ... Vacuum pump, 27 ... Level gauge, 28 ... Opening/closing valve,
29...Water supply port.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sealed tank having a required volume, a water ring type vacuum pump for discharging air from the sealed tank, and a vacuum pump connected to the suction side of the sealed tank and opened only during the suction process. It is equipped with a suction valve that opens, and a discharge valve that is connected to the discharge side of the sealed tank and opens only during the discharge process.The vacuum pump discharges the air in the sealed tank and mixes the fish in the sealed tank. In a solids transfer device configured to suck in liquid and then replenish air into a closed tank, a water-seal separation tank for replenishment water is connected to the discharge side of a water-ring vacuum pump, and this A heat exchanger is connected to the make-up water passageway stored in the air-water separation tank, and the heat exchanger is installed in the fish transfer circuit or return water circuit, and the heat exchanger also supplies water to the vacuum pump. A fish transfer device characterized in that the make-up water is cooled by the fish transfer water flowing through the fish transfer circuit or the return water circuit, and is circulated for use. 2. The fish transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the water ring type vacuum pump is of two types: one for exhausting air in a closed tank and one for pressurizing air into the closed tank. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein one water ring type vacuum pump is used both for exhausting air and for injecting air into a closed tank, and an air-water separation tank is connected to the discharge side of this vacuum pump. Fish transfer device. 4. The fish transfer device according to claim 1, wherein the air/water separation tank is a closed tank. 5. A make-up water pump is connected between the air-water separation tank and the vacuum pump, and the make-up water pump sucks in the make-up water in the air-water separation tank and supplies it to the vacuum pump, as described in claim 1. fish transfer equipment.